Raytech TR-1P User manual

Oberebenestrasse 11
5620 Bremgarten
Switzerland
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Single Phase - Battery Operated
Automatic Transformer Turns Ratiometer
Test System
Model: TR-1
Model: TR-1P
Instruction Manual 1.12

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1RAYTECH Switzerland
0 – 1
Table of Contents
Section Page
Table of Contents 0 – 1 1
Safety Precautions 1 – 0 2
Uncrating Procedure 2 – 0 3
Introduction 3 – 0 4
Technical Specifications 4 – 0 5
Transformer Ratio Testing 5 – 0 7
Important note 8
Operating Instructions 6 – 0 9
Current Transformers 7 – 0 11
Three Phase Transformers 8 – 0 12
Configuration Charts 8 – 0 13
Three Phase Transformer results 8 – 1 21
Warranty 9 – 0 23

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Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or
fumes.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS! 1 – 0
The following safety precautions must be observed during all phases of
operation, service, and repair of this instrument. By purchasing this
equipment the purchaser assumes all liability for the operation and use of
this equipment. The intended use of the instrument, its design and
manufacture, is to be conducted within the precautions or other specific
warnings located within this manual. Failure to comply with these
precautions and other specific warnings violates safety standards of
design, manufacture, and intended use. Raytech Switzerland, assumes no
liability for the operation and use of this equipment.
SAFE OPERATION
Only qualified knowledgeable persons should be permitted or attempt to
operate this test equipment. All test personnel should fully familiarize
themselves with the correct application and operation of this and all test
equipment prior to operation. Persons directly, and indirectly engaged in
the operation of this test equipment should keep clear of all high voltage
apparatus while conducting tests and measurements.
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Make sure the transformer to be tested is cleared and removed from
operation.
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be
connected to a properly grounded receptacle. The power cord supplied
with the equipment must be connected an electrical receptacle with an
electrical ground (safety earth ground). Non-grounded instruments are
dangerous and may cause instrument damage or personal injury.
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE

KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component
replacement and internal adjustments must be made by qualified service
personnel. Do not replace components with power cable connected. To
avoid injuries, always disconnect power, discharge circuits, and remove
external voltage sources before touching components.
DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY INSTRUMENT
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install
substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the
instrument. Return the instrument to a Raytech Switzerland service
department for service to ensure proper operation and that safety features
are maintained.
Instruments, which appear damaged or defective, should be made
inoperative and secured against unintended operation until they can be
repaired by qualified service personnel.
UNCRATING: 2 – 0
Unpack your new TR-1 or TR-1P and check to see that you have the
following items:
TR-1 H & X Manual Carry Case
or leads
TR-1P
If any of the above items are missing or damaged contact your local
representative or Raytech Switzerland immediately.
The TR-1 & TR-1P field case is a waterproof design with an automatic
pressure relief valve.
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INTRODUCTION 3 – 0
Raytech Single Phase Transformer Turns Ratio Meter
(TR-1 & TR-1P) was designed to be a rugged and reliable automatic
transformer Ratiometer. This system has a high degree of accuracy and
will test ratios to 4000:1. The design of this test system is based upon the
popular Raytech Automatic Three Phase test set: TR-Mark II.
The TR-1 & TR-1P are a completely new approach in technology. Raytech
is an innovative, research and development company. Many hours of
research and development enhance the reliability and precision of this test
set. To set this instrument apart from the standard test sets on the market
we have added a graphical display and a sensing circuit that can indicate
when a transformer is connected to the test leads automatically.
The TR-1 & TR-1P are high precision, fully automatic, microprocessor
based, Single Phase Transformer Turns Ratio Test systems. This system
is designed for highly accurate readings on-site with laboratory precision.
The TR-1 & TR-1P applies a preset voltage of 40, 10 or 0.25 to 5
(CT-Mode) vac (60Hz) on the HIGH winding side of the transformer and
measures back through the LOW side of the transformer. The results are
reported on the easy to read liquid crystal display.
The TR-1 & TR-1P are lightweight systems that come complete its own
rugged waterproof fieldcase.
There is No maintenance required. There is No calibration procedure (No
potentiometers to turn). This is due to the utilization of high precision
components in the design.
Advanced Protection: Upon powering on the system initializes itself
with a self-calibrating, circuit checking sequence. If any problems are
detected during this initialization period, or during operation, the operator
is immediately notified. The system constantly monitors the condition of
the transformer under test. The TR-1 & TR-1P can even recognize
shorted leads and will terminate the test without any damage to the test
equipment. This works especially well when test leads accidentally fall
free from the transformer while under full voltage measurement. This,
incidentally, is one of the many reasons why we can extend our warranty
to 2 years.

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SPECIFICATIONS 4 – 0
MODEL: TR-1 & TR-1P
SIZE: L: 270 mm (10.62”) W: 245 mm (9.68")
H: 125 mm (4.87”)
WEIGHT: 3.2 kg (7 lbs.)
INPUT POWER: 100 to 240 Vac 50 / 60 Hz Autoranging
TEST VOLTAGE: User Selectable: 40,10,5 and 0.25 to 5 vac
PANEL DISPLAY: LCD Graphic with back lighting
FRONT PANEL: Sealed, Anodized Aluminum
INTERFACE: RS232 with optional interface
MEMORY STORAGE: Internally stores 50 measurements
MEASUREMENT PARAMETERS
TURNS RATIO RANGE: 0.8 ... 4000.0 RESOLUTION: 5 Digits
ACCURACY:
Range 0.8 ..... 4000 ±0.08 % with 40 Volt (PT Mode)
Range 0.8 ..... 100 ±0.08 % with 0.25…5V (Auto & CT mode)
TEMPERATURE: Operating: - 10°C to 60°C Storage: - 20°C to 70°C
CABLE SET / ACCESSORIES
Single Phase cable set; length 3.5 Meters (Optional 10m extension cable
available),
Power supply cord, Instruction Manual, and instrument carry case.
TR-1 FEATURES:
• Automatic measurements of Turns Ratio and Current
• Internal Lithium-Ion Battery
• Internal storage for test results
• Single push button operation
• Ratio testing from 0.8 to 4000.0 turns
• Two test voltage ranges; Auto (1…5V) and 40V
• Load on test object < 0.05 VA
• Heavy-duty protection circuitry
• RS232 (serial) Interface
• 2 Year standard warranty

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TR-1P FEATURES (Same as above plus):
• Panel mount printer
TR-1 & TR-1P OPTIONAL ITEMS:
Option: TRO 101 – Cable extension 10m
Option: TRO 106 – Charging cable for cigarette lighter
Option: TRO 107 – Serial interface cable
* Specifications are subject to improvement at anytime.

TRANSFORMER TURNS RATIO TESTING 5 – 0
A Transformer Turns Ratiometer does exactly as its name implies; it is
used primarily for checking how many Turns of wire are in the primary
side and the secondary side of a transformer. The Turns Ratio test set
does not tell exactly how many turns of wire are in the primary and
secondary coils. But rather, it measures and displays the Ratio of
(or comparison of) the number turns in the primary coil to the number
of turns in the secondary coil.
This is an extremely useful device for checking for shorted turns and
incorrect settings of tap changers.
It is important to understand that the Nameplate Ratio on most
transformers is the Voltage ratio (Voltage in: Voltage out) and this Ratio
is determined, basically, by the number of turns of wire on the Primary
(High side), the number of turns of wire on the Secondary (Low Side).
On a single phase Transformer the Turns Ratio is the same as the Voltage
Ratio.
A Single Phase transformer:
For example: The High Side Winding may contain 940 Turns : Low Side
Winding 440 Turns.
Therefore:
3 Phase Transformers (of different configurations) the turns ratio &
voltage ratio can be different.
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Hooking up to a transformer:
The TR-1 & TR-1P protect against a wrong hook-up to a transformer or
testing a severely defective transformer. Every effort has been made to
alert the operator when something is wrong.
Negative (reverse polarity) hook up is also automatically detected.
Transformer Turns Ratiometer uses:
Transformer Turns Ratiometer is very useful as a tool for investigating
problems associated with the core, the windings, and the tap changer of
transformers and should be used for:
1. Identify shorted turns and finding turn errors
2. Defective and incorrect tap settings
3. Finding mislabeled terminals and mislabeled nameplates
Turns Ratio testing is a required test during the manufacture of
transformers.
Turns Ratio testing should be a part of a good routine preventative
maintenance program as well as for acceptance testing.

OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS 6 – 0
WARNINGS!
BEFORE OPERATING THIS OR ANY OTHER TEST EQUIPMENT
READ ALL SAFETY
WARNINGS AND UNDERSTAND THEM FULLY.
TR-1 & TR-1P Operating Instructions:
If you are new to transformer turns ratio testing, please review the entire
manual carefully before operating this equipment. If you have any
questions please do not hesitate to contact your nearest representative or
Raytech Switzerland.
All selections and data input are accomplished through the front panel
Digipot.
WARNING: Do not push on screen.
Step by step Instructions:
Open the case. Connect the measuring leads to the front panel black
connector (TwistLock).
Connect the test lead clips to the proper terminals of a transformer.
The “H” leads are always connected to the highest number of turns on all
transformers and the “X” Leads are always connected to the lowest
number of turns. The TR-1 & TR-1P is a very clever system and will
always check to make sure that this is done correctly.
Note: The Ratiometer will not operate until connected to a transformer.
The word "GO" will appear when the leads are attached to a transformer.
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The Ratiometer sense circuit can be checked by connecting the
measuring lead clips of the TR-1 & TR-1P together in the following
manner:
H1 lead (Red Clip /Red wire) to X1 lead (Black Clip / Black wire)
H0 lead (Red Clip / Red wire) to X0 lead (Black clip / Black wire)
To avoid overload of the measuring instrument, the short circuit test does
not start without a load. Connect in between this 2 contact points
(H1/X1 and H0/X0) a test object (1 Transormer winding). Connecting a
DC resistance only (as a load) will not guarantee a successful test.
The "GO" Will appear in the test screen. No Ratio test can be performed
however.
Press the Digipot down. Wait for initialization and calibration pre-test.
To select the correct test voltage in the Set up menu, turn and highlight
"SETUP”. Press down on the Digipot. Select "UTEST". There are two
choices: 40V for standard Potential Transformers and CT or Auto for
Current transformers. Select the proper Test voltage level. EXIT that
menu.
After connecting to a transformer and having the "GO" appear in the test
screen; Highlight and press "GO" and the test set will automatically test
that ratio and store the result in the next memory location.
You may print the result now or recall the saved values from memory
and print at a later time.

CURRENT TRANSFORMER TESTING: 7 – 0
Current transformers are, in effect, an opposite wound voltage
transformer. This basically means that the largest number of windings are
on the “X” (low current) side of the current transformer.
The TR-1 & TR-1P apply a test voltage from 1 …5 V to the “H” leads
and measures back through the “X” leads. The “X” leads must always a
have lower voltage than the “H” leads or an error will be displayed.
Therefore, when testing Current transformers, the “H” leads are
connected to the “X” terminal of the Current Transformer.
In certain cases where the impedance (inductance) of the CT is lower
than the power available from the TR-1 & TR-1P a result indicating an
“Over Current” error will be displayed.
Tapped Secondary CT:
Current transformers with multiple secondary taps are easily tested. After
each specific ratio is tested the H2 lead can be moved to the next position
and that ratio can then be tested.
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THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER TESTING: 8 – 0
Ratio tests on three phase transformers are carried out on a single phase
basis.
Understanding the configuration, phase relationship, and vector diagrams
is required.
A detailed explanation and description of terminal markings, phase
relationship, and vector diagrams is contained in specification: C57.12.70
American National Standard Terminal Markings and Connections for
Distribution and Power Transformers.
The tables on the following pages are guidelines for connecting and
testing three phase transformers.
Table Key:
VECTOR GROUP:
The vector group column is the IEC vector group coding. The number
indicates the phase displacement in increments of 30°of the low side
winding to the high side winding. For example a D-Y transformer with a
Vector group number of 3 would have a phase displacement of 3 x 30°or
90°. The low side winding has a lagging displacement with respect to the
high side winding.
PHASE:
The transformer phase that is being tested.
HV WINDING & LV WINDING:
The transformer connections that are selected for testing.
For example: D – Y, phase “A” would require H1 & H3 to be tested
against X1 & X2-X3
Note: (X2-X3 are jumpered together).
See charts on following pages:

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-H0 X1-X0
YN-yn 0 B H2-H0 X2-X0
C H3-H0 X3-X0
A H1-H0 X0-X2
YN-yn 2 B H2-H0 X0-X3
C H3-H0 X0-X1
A H1-H0 X3-X0
YN-yn 4 B H2-H0 X1-X0
C H3-H0 X2-X0
A H1-H0 X0-X1
YN-yn 6 B H2-H0 X0-X2
C H3-H0 X0-X3
A H1-H0 X2-X0
YN-yn 8 B H2-H0 X3-X0
C H3-H0 X1-X0
A H1-H0 X0-X3
YN-yn 10 B H2-H0 X0-X1
C H3-H0 X0-X2
A H1-H0 X1-(X2X3)
YN-y 0 B H2-H0 X2-(X1X3)
C H3-H0 X3-(X1X2)
A H1-H0 (X1X3)-X2
YN-y 2 B H2-H0 (X1X2)-X3
C H3-H0 (X2X3)-X1
A H1-H0 X3-(X1X2)
YN-y 4 B H2-H0 X1-(X2X3)
C H3-H0 X2-(X1X3)

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-H0 (X2X3)-X1
YN-y 6 B H2-H0 (X1X3)-X2
C H3-H0 (X1X2)-X3
A H1-H0 X2-(X1X3)
YN-y 8 B H2-H0 X3-(X1X2)
C H3-H0 X1-(X2X3)
A H1-H0 (X1X2)-X3
YN-y 10 B H2-H0 (X2X3)-X1
C H3-H0 (X1X3)-X2
A H1-H3 X0-X2
YN-zn 1 B H2-H1 X0-X3
C H3-H2 X0-X1
A H1-H3 X3-X0
YN-zn 3 B H2-H1 X2-X0
C H3-H2 X1-X0
A H1-H3 X0-X1
YN-zn 5 B H2-H1 X0-X2
C H3-H2 X0-X3
A H1-H3 X2-X0
YN-zn 7 B H2-H1 X3-X0
C H3-H2 X1-X0
A H1-H3 X0-X3
YN-zn 9 B H2-H1 X0-X1
C H3-H2 X0-X2
A H1-H3 X1-X0
YN-zn 11 B H2-H1 X2-X0
C H3-H2 X3-X0

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-H0 X1-X2
YN-d 1 B H2-H0 X2-X3
C H3-H0 X3-X1
A H1-H0 X3-X2
YN-d 3 B H2-H0 X1-X3
C H3-H0 X2-X1
A H1-H0 X3-X1
YN-d 5 B H2-H0 X1-X2
C H3-H0 X2-X3
A H1-H0 X2-X1
YN-d 7 B H2-H0 X3-X2
C H3-H0 X1-X3
A H1-H0 X2-X3
YN-d 9 B H2-H0 X3-X1
C H3-H0 X1-X2
A H1-H0 X1-X3
YN-d 11 B H2-H0 X2-X1
C H3-H0 X3-X2
A H1-H3 X1-X3
D-d 0 B H2-H1 X2-X1
C H3-H2 X3-X2
A H1-H3 X1-X2
D-d 2 B H2-H1 X2-X3
C H3-H2 X3-X1
A H1-H3 X3-X2
D-d 4 B H2-H1 X1-X3
C H3-H2 X2-X1

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-H3 X3-X1
D-d 6 B H2-H1 X1-X2
C H3-H2 X2-X3
A H1-H3 X2-X1
D-d 8 B H2-H1 X3-X2
C H3-H2 X1-X3
A H1-H3 X2-X3
D-d 10 B H2-H1 X3-X1
C H3-H2 X1-X2
A H1-H3 X1-X0
D-yn 1 B H2-H1 X2-X0
C H3-H2 X3-X0
A H1-H3 X0-X2
D-yn 3 B H2-H1 X0-X3
C H3-H2 X0-X1
A H1-H3 X3-X0
D-yn 5 B H2-H1 X1-X0
C H3-H2 X2-X0
A H1-H3 X0-X1
D-yn 7 B H2-H1 X0-X2
C H3-H2 X0-X3
A H1-H3 X2-X0
D-yn 9 B H2-H1 X3-X0
C H3-H2 X1-X0
A H1-H3 X0-X3
D-yn 11 B H2-H1 X0-X1
C H3-H2 X0-X2

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-H3 X1-(X2X3)
D-y 1 B H2-H1 X2-(X1X3)
C H3-H2 X3-(X1X2)
A H1-H3 (X1X3)-X2
D-y 3 B H2-H1 (X1X2)-X3
C H3-H2 (X2X3)-X1
A H1-H3 X3-(X1X2)
D-y 5 B H2-H1 X1-(X2X3)
C H3-H2 X2-(X1X3)
A H1-H3 (X2X3)-X1
D-y 7 B H2-H1 (X1X3)-X2
C H3-H2 (X1X2)-X3
A H1-H3 X2-(X1X3)
D-y 9 B H2-H1 X3-(X1X2)
C H3-H2 X1-(X2X3)
A H1-H3 (X1X2)-X3
D-y 11 B H2-H1 (X2X3)-X1
C H3-H2 (X1X3)-X2
A H1-(H2H3) X1-X0
D-zn 0 B H2-(H1H3) X2-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X3-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X2
D-zn 2 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X3
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X1
A H1-(H2H3) X3-X0
D-zn 4 B H2-(H1H3) X1-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X2-X0

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X1
D-zn 6 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X2
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X3
A H1-(H2H3) X2-X0
D-zn 8 B H2-(H1H3) X3-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X1-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X3
D-zn 10 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X1
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X2
A H1-(H2H3) X1-X0
Y-yn 0 B H2-(H1H3) X2-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X3-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X2
Y-yn 2 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X3
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X1
A H1-(H2H3) X3-X0
Y-yn 4 B H2-(H1H3) X1-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X2-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X1
Y-yn 6 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X2
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X3
A H1-(H2H3) X2-X0
Y-yn 8 B H2-(H1H3) X3-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X1-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X3
Y-yn 10 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X1
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X2

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Transformer type Winding Measurement
Vector Group Phase HV Winding LV Winding
A H1-(H2H3) X1-(X2X3)
Y-y 0 B H2-(H1H3) X2-(X1X3)
C H3-(H1H2) X3-(X1X2)
A H1-(H2H3) (X1X3)-X2
Y-y 2 B H2-(H1H3) (X1X2)-X3
C H3-(H1H2) (X2X3)-X1
A H1-(H2H3) X3-(X1X2)
Y-y 4 B H2-(H1H3) X1-(X2X3)
C H3-(H1H2) X2-(X1X3)
A H1-(H2H3) (X2X3)-X1
Y-y 6 B H2-(H1H3) (X1X3)-X2
C H3-(H1H2) (X1X2)-X3
A H1-(H2H3) X2-(X1X3)
Y-y 8 B H2-(H1H3) X3-(X1X2)
C H3-(H1H2) X1-(X2X3)
A H1-(H2H3) (X1X2)-X3
Y-y 10 B H2-(H1H3) (X2X3)-X1
C H3-(H1H2) (X1X3)-X2
A H1-(H2H3) X1-X0
Y-zn 1 B H2-(H1H3) X2-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X3-X0
A H1-(H2H3) X0-X2
Y-zn 3 B H2-(H1H3) X0-X3
C H3-(H1H2) X0-X1
A H1-(H2H3) X3-X0
Y-zn 5 B H2-(H1H3) X1-X0
C H3-(H1H2) X2-X0