Ricoh FW830 User manual

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES
PREVENTION OF PHYSICAL INJURY
1. Before disassembling or assembling parts of the copier and peripherals,
make sure that the copier power cord is unplugged.
2. The wall outlet should be near the copier and easily accessible.
3. Note that some components of the copier and the peripherals are
supplied with electrical voltage even if the main switch is turned off.
4. If any adjustment or operation check has to be made with exterior covers
off or open while the main switch is turned on, keep hands away from
electrified or mechanically driven components.
5. The inside and the metal parts of the fusing unit become extremely hot
while the copier is operating. Be careful to avoid touching those
components with your bare hands.
HEALTH & SAFETY CONDITIONS
1. Never operate the copier without the ozone filters installed.
2. Always replace the ozone filters with the specified ones at the specified
intervals.
3. Toner and developer are non-toxic, but if you get either of them in your
eyes by accident, it may cause temporary eye discomfort. Try to remove
with eye drops or flush with water as first aid. If unsuccessful, get medical
attention.

OBSERVANCE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY STANDARDS
1. The copier and its peripherals must be installed and maintained by a
customer service representative who has completed the training course
on those models.
2. The RAM board on the main control board has a lithium battery which can
explode if replaced incorrectly. Replace the battery only with an identical
one. The manufacturer recommends replacing the entire RAM board. Do
not recharge or burn this battery. Used batteries must be handled in
accordance with local regulations.
SAFETY AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES FOR DISPOSAL
1. Do not incinerate the toner cartridge or the used toner. Toner dust may
ignite suddenly when exposed to open flame.
2. Dispose of used toner, developer, and organic photoconductors
according to local regulations. (These are non-toxic supplies.)
3. Dispose of replaced parts in accordance with local regulations.
4. When keeping used lithium batteries in order to dispose of them later, do
not put more than 100 batteries per sealed box. Storing larger numbers or
not sealing them apart may lead to chemical reactions and heat build-up.

SECTION 1
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

1. SPECIFICATIONS
Configuration: Table top
Copy Process: Electrostatic transfer system
Original Feed: Sheet feed
Original Size: Maximum: 914 x 3,600 mm
Minimum: 182 x 257 mm (B5 lengthwise)
Copy Size: Same as "Original Size"
Copying Speed: Manual feed: 6 cpm (A1/D sideways)
Sheet & Roll feed: 7 cpm (A1/D sideways)
First Copy: 19 seconds (A1 sideways)
Warm-up Time: Within 6.5 minutes (Room temperature 20oC)
Multi-Copy: 1 to 10 (A1/D or smaller)
1 to 5 (A0/E)
Automatic Reset: 2 minutes after copying is finished (can be set
to 1, 3, 4, or 5 minutes or to no auto reset)
Photoconductor: Organic photoconductor drum
Drum Charge: Single-wire with grid plate (Negative Charge)
Reproduction Ratio: 1 : 1 (±0.5%)
Exposure System: Slit exposure via fiber optic array
Exposure Lamp: Fluorescent lamp (65 W)
Development: Dual-component dry toner system
Toner Replenishment: Cartridge system (750 g toner/cartridge)
Toner Consumption: 1,860 A1 or D copies per cartridge (6% original)
Development Bias: Negative
Toner Density Control: Pattern density detection by photosensor and
direct toner density detection by induction
sensor
Image Density Adjustment: Development bias control + exposure control
Auto Image Density
Control: Development bias control and exposure control
31 December 1992 SPECIFICATIONS
1-1

Image Transfer: Single wire dc corona (negative charge) with
pre-transfer lamp
Paper Separation: Dual wire ac corona and pick-off pawls
Cleaning: Cleaning blade
Quenching: Photo quenching by LEDs
Paper Feeding: Manual feed (sheet and roll feeder optional)
Image Fusing: Heat and pressure type, teflon (upper) and
silicone rubber (lower) rollers
Fusing Lamp: Halogen lamp (115 V: 1,100 W, 220/240 V:
1,100 W)
Self-diagnostic Codes: 14 codes, displayed in copy counter
Power Source: 115 V/60 Hz....15 A
220 V/50 Hz....7 A
240 V/50 Hz....7 A
Power Consumption: Maximum: 1.47 kW
Warm-up: 1.25 kW
Ready: 0.1 to 1.2 kW
Copy cycle: 1.42 kW
Dimensions (W x D x H): 1,410 x 800 x 600 mm
55.51 x 31.50 x 23.62 in
Weight: 180 kg, 397 lb
Optional Equipment: — Sheet feeder
— Roll feeder
— Roll feeder connector
— Paper spool
— Table
SPECIFICATIONS 31 December 1992
1-2

2. MACHINE CONFIGURATION
This copier can be equipped with optional equipment as show above.
1. Copier (A098)
2. Sheet Feeder (A453)
3. Roll Feeder (A454) and Connector (A384)
4. Roll Feeder (A454) and Sheet Feeder (A453)
3
2
4
1
31 December 1992 MACHINE CONFIGURATION
1-3

3. DRUM PROCESSES
1. Charge
In the dark the charge corona unit applies a negative charge to the drum.
The grid plate ensures the charge is applied uniformly. The charge remains
on the surface of the drum because the photoconductive drum has a high
electrical resistance in the dark.
2. Exposure
High intensity light from a fluorescent lamp is reflected from the moving
original through the fiber optic array. The charge on the drum surface is
dissipated in direct proportion to the intensity of the reflected light, thus
producing an electric latent image on the drum surface.
1
2
3
4
56
7
8
DRUM PROCESSES 31 December 1992
1-4

3. Development
The magnetic developer brush on the development roller comes in contact
with the latent image on the drum surface. Toner particles are
electrostatically attracted to the negatively charged latent image areas.
4. Pre-Transfer Lamp
The pre-transfer lamp illuminates the drum prior to image transfer. This
reduces the attraction between the toner and the drum, thus making image
transfer easier.
5. Image Transfer
Copy paper is fed to the drum surface, at the exact timing, to align the copy
paper and the developed image on the drum surface. Then a strong negative
charge is applied to the back side of the paper. The negative charge pulls
the toner particles from the drum surface onto the paper.
6. Paper Separation
A strong ac corona discharge is applied to the back side of the copy paper,
reducing the charge on the paper and breaking the electrostatic attraction
between the paper and the drum. Then, the stiffness of the copy paper
causes it to separate from the drum. The pick-off pawls help to separate
paper which has low stiffness.
7. Cleaning
The cleaning blade removes any toner remaining on the drum surface.
8. Quenching
The light from the quenching lamp electrically neutralizes the surface of the
drum.
31 December 1992 DRUM PROCESSES
1-5

4. MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
8
7
6
5
9
3
2
1
36
35
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
4
34
MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 31 December 1992
1-6

1. Front Original Feed Roller
2. Exposure Lamp
3. 1st Press Rollers
4. Fiber Optic Array
5. Platen Roller
6. Charge Corona Unit
7. Cleaning Blade
8. Original Registration
Rollers
9. 4th Press Rollers
10. Rear Table Lever
11. 2nd Press Rollers
12. Rear Original Feed Roller
13. 3rd Press Roller
14. Switch Back Gate
15. Hot Roller
16. Upper Exit Rollers
17. Exit Gate
18. Exit Rollers
19. Pressure Roller
20. Transport Belt
21. Pick-off Pawls
22. T/S Corona Unit
23. Paper Registration Rollers
24. Lower Copy Guide
25. Table
26. Roll Feeder
27. Manual Feed Rollers
28. Sheet Feeder
29. Manual Feed Table
30. Original Guides
31. Development Roller
32. Toner Cartridge
33. OPC Drum
34. Original Table
35. 5th Press Roller
36. Original Recycle Gate
31 December 1992 MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1-7

5. DRIVE LAYOUT
1. Original Drive Belt 2
2. Rear Original Feed Rollers
3. Original Drive Clutch
4. Main Drive Motor
5. Original Registration
Rollers
6. Original Drive Belt 3
7. Platen Roller
8. Front Original Feed Rollers
9. Development Roller Gear
10. Auger Gear
11. Toner Supply Clutch
12. Development Motor
13. Paper Feed Clutch
14. Paper Feed Drive Chain
15. Development Drive Belt
16. Paddle Roller Gear
17. Registration Roller Clutch
18. Drum Drive Gear
19. Toner Collection Coil Gear
20. Feed/Fusing Drive Belt 2
21. Fusing Drive Chain
22. Drum Drive Belt
23. Feed/Fusing Drive Belt 1
24. Transport Roller Sprocket
25. Hot Roller Sprocket
26. Exit Roller Drive Chain
27. Lower Exit Roller Sprocket
28. Original Reverse Drive
Belt 1
29. Upper Exit Roller Sprocket
30. Original Reverse Drive
Belt 2
31. Original Drive Belt 1
28
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
161718
20
23
24
25
31
27
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
30
19
29
21
22
26
1
DRIVE LAYOUT 31 December 1992
1-8

6. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
Refer to the electrical component layout on the reverse side of the Point to
Point (Water proof paper) index numbers.
Name Function Index. No.
Motors
Main Drives all mechanical components except the
development unit and the fans. (100 Vac) 5
Development Drives the development unit. (100 Vac) 1
Exhaust Fan Removes heat from around the fusing unit.
(100 Vac) 25
Cooling Fan Provides air flow to the optics cavity. (100 Vac) 6
Vacuum Fan Provides suction so that paper is held firmly
on the transport belts and rollers. (100 Vac) 68
Magnetic Clutches
Original
Forward Feed Drives the original forward feed mechanism. 52
Registration Drives the registration rollers. 50
Original Re-
verse Feed Drives the original reverse feed mechanism. 8
Solenoids
Toner Supply Turns on to supply toner to the development
unit. 46
Pattern Shutter On ID check cycles, this solenoid turns on to
move the pattern plate into the light path. 19
Exit Gate Controls the position of the exit gate. (When
ON, the paper exits downward; when OFF,
the paper exits upward.)
24
Pick-off Pawl Moves the pick-off pawls against the drum. 34
Paper Stopper Moves the paper stopper down to prevent
paper from being inserted. 40
Manual Feed Turns ON to engage the manual feed clutch. 48
Recycle Gate Controls the position of the recycle gate.
(ON = recycle gate in down position,
OFF = recycle gate in up position.)
26
31 December 1992 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
1-9

Name Function Index. No.
Switch Back
Gate Lifts the switch back gate to the up position. 9
Original Stopper Moves the original stopper down to prevent an
original from being inserted. 43
Switches
Main Supplies power to the copier. 65
Upper Safety Cuts ac 100 volt power when the upper unit is
opened. 27
Lower Safety Cuts ac 100 volt power when the middle unit
is opened. 67
Rear Safety Cuts ac 100 volt power when the paper exit
unit is opened. 22
Toner Cover Cuts power to the toner supply solenoid when
the toner cartridge cover is opened. 45
Sheet Feeder
Set Prevents main motor operation when the sheet feeder is not set. 64
Rear Feeder Detects when the rear feeder table is opened. 21
Sensors
Image Density Detects the image density of the test pattern
on the drum. 33
Toner Density Detects the density of toner in the developer. 36
Toner Overflow Detects when the used toner tank is full. 28
Pulse Generator Supplies timing pulses to the main board
(photointerruptor). 23
Original Set Detects when an original is inserted. 41
1st Original
Transport Monitors movement of the original. 11
2nd Original
Transport Monitors movement of the original. 14
Original Regis-
tration Detects when the original lead edge passes the original registration rollers. 12
Light Detects the intensity of the exposure lamp
output. 4
Original En-
trance Detects when an original is inserted from the rear feeder. 13
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 31 December 1992
1-10

Name Function Index. No.
Switch Back
Gate Detects if the switch back gate moves to the up position during the original switch back. 10
Original Exit Detects jams in the original exit section. 39
Recycle Gate Detects whether the recycle gate is in the up
or down position. 30
1st Feed Detects when copy paper is inserted. 38
2nd Feed Detects jams between the manual feed rollers
and the registration rollers. 37
Registration Detects when copy paper arrives at the
registration rollers. 35
Transport Monitors paper movement between the
transfer/separation section and the fusing unit. 71
Fusing Exit Detects jams through the exit unit. 17
Upper Exit Detects jams through the upper exit guides. 16
Lower Exit Detects jams through the lower exit guides. 18
Printed Circuit Boards
Main Controls all copier functions both directly and
through other PCBs. 63
DC Power
Supply Provides dc power for all components of the machine. 55
AC Controller 1 Provides ac power to the fusing lamp and triac. 57
Lamp Regulator Provides ac power to the fusing lamp. 51
AC Controller 2 Provides ac power to the main motor and
development motor. 60
Indicator Panel Contains the paper and original insertion
indicators and the original feed stop key. 42
Operation Panel Control the operation panel display. 32
Auto Image
Density Measures the reflectivity from the original’s background. 15
Lamps
Exposure Provides light to reflect the original’s image
onto the drum. 29
Quenching Neutralizes any charge remaining on the drum
surface after cleaning. 20
31 December 1992 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
1-11

Name Function Index. No.
Fusing Provides heat to the fusing unit. 53
Pre-Transfer
(PTL) Reduces the charge on the drum surface prior to image transfer. 31
Power Packs
Charge/Bias/Grid
Power Pack Provides high voltage power for the charge corona, charge grid, and development bias. 49
Transfer/
Separation Provides high voltage power for the transfer corona and separation. 54
Thermistors
Hot Roller Monitors the hot roller’s surface temperature. 56
Pressure Roller Monitors the pressure roller’s surface
temperature. 58
Exposure Lamp Monitors the fluorescent lamp’s temperature. 44
Thermofuses
Fusing Protects against fusing overheat. (Two
thermofuses in parallel.) 59
Exposure Lamp Protects against exposure lamp overheat. 44
Heaters
Exposure Lamp Warms the scanning lamp. 44
Anticondensa-
tion Keeps moisture from forming inside the copier. 47
Others
Total Counter Keeps track of the total length of copies made. 66
Noise Filter Filters electrical noise on the ac power input
lines. 62
Transformer Steps down the line voltage to 100 Vac. 69
Development
Motor Capacitor Motor start capacitor. 2
Main Motor Ca-
pacitor Motor start capacitor. 3
Circuit Breaker Guards against voltage surges in the input
power. 61
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 31 December 1992
1-12

Name Function Index. No.
Vacuum Fan
Motor Capacitor Motor start capacitor. 70
31 December 1992 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
1-13

7. ORIGINAL AND PAPER PATH
Repeating Copy Except for A0/E, A1/D Lengthwise
➀
B
➁
➂
A
A: Upper Copy Exit
B: Lower Copy Exit
ORIGINAL AND PAPER PATH 31 December 1992
1-14

A0/E, A1/D Lengthwise Switching Back
➀
➁④➂➄
⑥
② ③ ④ ⑤ : Switching Back
31 December 1992 ORIGINAL AND PAPER PATH
1-15

SECTION 2
DETAILED SECTION
DESCRIPTIONS

1. DRUM
1.1 DRUM CHARACTERISTICS
The organic photoconductor (OPC) drum has the following characteristics:
•It is able to accept a high negative electrical charge in the dark. (The
electrical resistance of the OPC drum is high in the absence of light.)
•The electric charge on the drum surface dissipates when the drum is
exposed to light. (The conductivity of the OPC drum is greatly enhanced
by exposure to light.)
•Dissipating an amount of charge in direct proportion to the intensity of the
light. That is, where stronger light is directed to the photoconductor
surface, a smaller voltage remains.
The OPC drum used in this model has high sensitivity, good color
reproduction, and good reproduction of low contrast originals (pencil
originals, etc.)
31 December 1992 DRUM
2-1