Ricoh SWALLOW 2 User manual

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES
PREVENTION OF PHYSICAL INJURY
1. Before disassembling or assembling parts of the copier and peripherals,
make sure that the copier power cord is unplugged.
2. The wall outlet should be near the copier and easily accessible.
3. Note that some components of the copier and the paper tray unit are
supplied with electrical voltage even if the main switch is turned off.
4. If any adjustment or operation check has to be made with exterior
covers off or open while the main switch is turned on, keep hands away
from electrified or mechanically driven components.
5. If the start key is pressed before the copier completes the warm-up
period, keep hands away from the mechanical and the electrical
components as the copier starts making copies as soon as the warm-up
period is completed.
6. The inside and the metal parts of the fusing unit become extremely hot
while the copier is operating. Be careful to avoid touching those
components with your bare hands.
HEALTH SAFETY CONDITIONS
1. Toner and developer are non-toxic, but if you get either of them in your
eyes by accident, it may cause temporary eye discomfort. Try to remove
with eye drops or flush with water as first aid. If unsuccessful, get
medical attention.
OBSERVANCE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY STANDARDS
1. The copier and its peripherals must be installed and maintained by a
customer service representative who has completed the training course
on those models.
2. The RAM board on the main control board has a lithium battery which
can explode if replaced incorrectly. Replace the battery only with an
identical one. The manufacturer recommends replacing the entire RAM
board. Do not recharge or burn this battery. Used batteries must be
handled in accordance with local regulations.

SAFETY AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES FOR DISPOSAL
1. Do not incinerate the toner bottle or the used toner. Toner dust may
ignite suddenly when exposed to open flame.
2. Dispose of used toner, developer, and organic photoconductor
according to local regulations. (These are non-toxic supplies.)
3. Dispose of replaced parts in accordance with local regulations.
4. When keeping used lithium batteries in order to dispose of them later,
do not put more than 100 batteries per sealed box. Storing larger
numbers or not sealing them apart may lead to chemical reactions and
heat build-up.

SWALLOW 2
(Machine Code: A212/A214)
Service Manual
–
Insert Version –
The A212 copier is based on the A161 copier.
The A214 copier is based on the A162 copier.
Only the differences from the A161/A162 copier are described in
the following pages. Refer to the A161/A162 copier service manual
for more information.

1. SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE: Only items marked with ✽are different from A161 and A162 copiers.
Configuration: Desktop
Copy Process: Dry electrostatic transfer system
Originals: Sheet/Book
Original Size: Maximum: A3/11" x 17"
Copy Paper Size: Maximum: A3/11" x 17" (Paper trays)
Minimum: A5/81/2" x 51/2" sideways (Paper trays)
A4/11" x 81/2" sideways (LCT)
A6/51/2" x 81/2" lengthwise (By-pass)
Duplex Copying: Maximum: A3/11" x 17"
Minimum: A5/81/2" x 51/2" (sideways)
Copy Paper Weight: Paper tray: 64 ~ 90 g/m2, 17 ~ 24 lb
By-pass: 52 ~ 157 g/m2, 14 ~42 lb
LCT: 52 ~ 128 g/m2, 14 ~ 34 lb
Duplex copying: 64 ~ 90 g/m2, 17 ~ 24 lb
(feeding from the Paper tray)
64 ~ 105 g/m2, 17 ~ 24 lb
(feeding from the LCT)
Reproduction Ratios: 4 Enlargement and 6 Reduction
A4/A3 Version LT/DLT Version
Enlargement
200%
141%
122%
115%
200%
155%
129%
121%
Full size 100% 100%
Reduction
93%
82%
75%
71%
65%
50%
93%
85%
77%
74%
65%
50%
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 SPECIFICATIONS
1

Power Source: 120 V/60 Hz:
More than 12 A (for North America)
220 V ~ 240 V/50 Hz:
More than 7 A (for Europe)
220 V/50 Hz:
More than 7 A (for Asia)
110 V/60 Hz:
More than 14 A (for Taiwan)
220 V/60 Hz:
More than 7 A (for Saudi Arabia, Philippines)
✽ Power Consumption:
NOTE: 1) Full System: Copier + ADF + Paper Tray Unit + 10 Bin S/S
2) Energy Saver: See SP1-105-002
3) Auto Off: See SP5-305
✽Noise Emission:
NOTE: The above measurements were made in accordance with ISO
7779.
* : Full System: Copier + ADF + Paper Tray Unit +10 Bin S/S.
Copier Only Full System
Maximum 1.45 kW 1.50 kW
Copying 0.64 kW 0.72 kW
Warm-up 0.95 kW 0.97 kW
Stand-by 0.15 kW 0.17 kW
Energy Saver
1 0.14 kW 0.16 kW
2 0.12 kW 0.13 kW
3 0.09 kW 0.10 kW
4 0.07 kW 0.08 kW
5 0.05 kW 0.06 kW
Auto Off 0.02 kW 0.04 kW
Copier Only Full System*
1. Sound Power Level
Copying 65 dB(A) 70 dB(A)
Stand-by 40 dB(A) 40 dB(A)
2. Sound Pressure Level at the operator position
Copying 60 dB(A) 64 dB(A)
Stand-by 40 dB(A) 40 dB(A)
SPECIFICATIONS 13 October 1997
2

✽Dimensions:
Width Depth Height
A212 copier 900 mm (35.5") 655 mm (25.8") 626 mm (24.7")
A214 copier 1,128 mm (44.5") 655 mm (25.8") 626 mm (24.7")
Measurement Conditions
1) With by-pass feed table closed
2) With platen cover and copy tray attached
3) With LCT cover closed
Weight:
Zoom: From 50% to 200% in 1% steps
Copying Speed
(copies/minute): 22 copies/minute (A4/11" x 81/2" sideways)
12 copies/minute (A3/11" x 17")
Warm-Up Time Less than 60 seconds (at 20°C/68°F)
First Copy Time:
NOTE: In the A214 copier, the 2nd tray in the above table is called the 1st
tray (see Installation - Paper Feed Station Definition of the base
copier service manual).
Copy Number Input: Ten-key pad, 1 to 999 (count up or count down)
Manual Image Density
Selection: 7 steps
Automatic Reset: 1 minute is the standard setting; it can be changed
to a maximum of 999 seconds or no auto reset by
SP mode.
✽Copy Paper Capacity:
Paper Tray By-pass Feed LCT
A212 copier About 500 sheets x 2 About 40 sheets —
A214 copier About 500 sheets x 1 About 40 sheets About 1,000 sheets
Weight
A212 copier About 67 kg (147.7 lb)
A214 copier About 80 kg (176.4 lb)
Paper Feed Station A4/11" x 81/2" (sideways)
1st Tray 5.9 s (except for A214)
2nd Tray 6.6 s
By-pass 5.6 s
LCT 5.9 s
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 SPECIFICATIONS
3

Duplex Tray Capacity
[A214]: 50 sheets (30 sheets for A3/11"x17" 81 ~ 105 g/m2, 21.5 ~ 27.9 lb paper)
Toner Replenishment: Cartridge exchange (415 g/cartridge)
✽Optional Equipment
(Sales items): •Platen cover (except for A212 machines with
destination code 29)
•Document feeder
•10-bin sorter stapler
•20-bin sorter stapler
•20-bin mini sorter
•10-bin micro sorter
•Sorter adapter (required when installing a
10-bin sorter stapler or 20-bin mini sorter)
•1,500-sheet tray unit (three 500-sheet trays)
•1,000-sheet tray unit (two 500-sheet trays)
•500-sheet tray unit (two 250-sheet trays)
Optional Equipment
(Service items): •Original length sensor for 11" x 15" size paper
(only for LT/DLT version)
•Tray heater
•Optical anti-condensation heater
•ADS sensor for particular types of red original
Optional Equipment
(To be procured locally): •Key counter
SPECIFICATIONS 13 October 1997
4

2. MACHINE CONFIGURATION
2.1 COPIER
– A212 copier –
Two 500-sheet trays
*: Only for machines with destination code 29.
– A214 copier –
A 500-sheet tray
A duplex tray
A 1000-sheet large capacity tray
A212V500.wmf
A212V501.wmf
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 MACHINE CONFIGURATION
5

2.2 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
*: Except for machines with A212 destination code 29.
A212V502.wmf
MACHINE CONFIGURATION 13 October 1997
6

MEMO
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 MACHINE CONFIGURATION
7

3. MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
– A214 copier –
NOTE: The paper feed area has been changed.
NOTE: The A212 copier is the same as the A214 copier except that the
A212 does not have a duplex tray or an LCT.
87
56 91011
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20
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4
1
2
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29 28 27 26 25 24
A212V503.wmf
MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 13 October 1997
8

1. 3rd Mirror
2. 2nd Mirror
3. 1st Mirror
4. Exposure Lamp
5. Lens
6. Quenching Lamp
7. Drum Cleaning Blade
8. Drum Charge Roller
9. 6th Mirror
10. OPC Drum
11. Erase Lamp
12. 4th Mirror
13. 5th Mirror
14. Toner Supply Unit
15. Pre-transfer Lamp
16. Development Unit
17. Registration Rollers
18. Feed Roller
19. Pick-up Roller
20. Separation Roller
21. Large Capacity Tray
22. Vertical Transport Rollers
23. Paper Feed Roller
24. Friction Pad
25. Duplex Friction Roller
26. Duplex Feed Roller
27. Jogger Fence
28. Transfer Belt
29. Transfer Belt Cleaning Blade
30. Lower Paper Tray
31. End Fence
32. Entrance Rollers
33. Pick-off Pawls
34. Pressure Roller
35. Hot Roller
36. Junction Gate
37. Hot Roller Strippers
38. Exhaust Fan
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
9

4. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
Refer to the electrical component layout and the point to point diagram on the
waterproof paper in the pocket for symbols and index numbers.
Symbol Name Function Index No.
Printed Circuit Boards
PCB1 Main Control Controls all copier functions both directly or
through other control boards. 13
PCB2 AC Drive Provides ac power to the exposure lamp
and fusing lamps. 11
PCB3 DC Power Supply Provides dc power. 10
PCB4 Main Motor Control Controls the rotation of the main motor. 83
PCB5 CB High Voltage Supply Supplies high voltage to the drum charge
roller and development roller. 1
PCB6 T High Voltage Supply Supplies high voltage to the transfer belt. 49
PCB7 Operation Panel Controls the LED matrix, and monitors the
key matrix. 3
PCB8 Noise Filter (220 ~ 240
V machines only) Removes electrical noise. 7
PCB9 Duplex Control
(A214 machine only) Controls the operation of the duplex tray. 57
PCB10 LCT Interface
(A214 machine only) Interfaces the LCT control signal between the main board and the LCT. 88
Motors
M1 Main Drives the main unit components. 77
M2 Toner Bottle Drive Rotates the toner bottle to supply toner to
the toner supply unit. 73
M3 LCT Lift
(A214 machine only) Lifts up and lowers the LCT bottom plate. 85
M4 Optics Cooling Fan 1 Removes heat from the optics unit. 81
M5 Exhaust Fan 1 Removes the heat from around the fusing
unit. 78
M6 Scanner Drive Drives the 1st and 2nd scanners (dc
stepper motor). 80
M7 3rd Scanner Drive Drives the 3rd scanner (dc stepper motor). 72
M8 Lens Vertical Drive Shifts the lens vertical position. 76
M9 Lens Horizontal Drive Shifts the lens horizontal position. 71
M10 Duplex Feed
(A214 machine only) Drives the feed roller and moves the bottom plate up and down. 52
M11 End Fence Jogger
(A214 machine only) Drives the end fence jogger to square the paper stack. 55
M12 Side Fence Jogger
(A214 machine only) Drives the side fence jogger to square the paper stack. 54
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 13 October 1997
10

Symbol Name Function Index No.
Sensors
S1 By-pass Feed Paper
Width Informs the CPU what width paper is in the by-pass feed table. 25
S2 By-pass Feed Paper End Informs the CPU that there is no paper in
the by-pass tray. 28
S3 Upper Tray Paper End
(A212 machine only) Informs the CPU when the upper paper tray runs out of paper. 45
S4
Upper Relay Detects the leading edge of paper from the
upper tray to determine the stop timing of
the upper paper feed clutch, and detects
misfeeds.
93
S5 Lower Tray Paper End Informs the CPU when the lower paper tray
runs out of paper. 46
S6
Lower Relay Detects the leading edge of paper from the
lower paper tray to determine the stop
timing of the lower paper feed clutch, and
detects misfeeds.
92
S7 LCT Lower Limit
(A214 machine only) Sends a signal to the CPU to stop lowering the LCT bottom plate. 86
S8 LCT Paper End
(A214 machine only) Informs the CPU when the LCT runs out of paper. 87
S9 LCT Upper Limit
(A214 machine only) Sends a signal to the CPU to stop lifting the LCT bottom plate. 26
S10 Registration Detects the leading edge of the copy paper
to determine the stop timing of the paper
feed clutch, and detects misfeeds. 27
S11 Image Density (ID) Detects the density of various patterns on
the drum during process control. 44
S12 Toner Density (TD) Detects the toner concentration inside the
development unit. 47
S13 Lens Horizontal HP Informs the CPU that the lens is at the
horizontal home position. 34
S14 Lens Vertical HP Informs the CPU that the lens is at the
full-size position. 19
S15 Scanner HP Informs the CPU when the 1st and 2nd
scanners are at the home position. 14
S16 3rd Scanner HP Informs the CPU when the 3rd scanner is
at the home position. 23
S17 Original Length-2 Detects the length of the original. This is
one of the APS (Auto Paper Select)
sensors. 20
S18 Fusing Exit Detects misfeeds. 39
S19 Platen Cover Informs the CPU whether the platen cover is up or down (related to APS/ARE
functions). ARE: Auto Reduce and Enlarge 15
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
11

Symbol Name Function Index No.
S20 Toner End Instructs the CPU to add toner to the toner
supply unit, and detects toner end
conditions. 48
S21 Transfer Belt Contact HP Informs the CPU of the current position of both the transfer belt unit and the drum
charge roller unit. 22
S22 Auto Image Density
(ADS Sensor) Detects the background density of each original in ADS mode. 12
S23 Original Width Detects the width of the original. This is one of the APS (Auto Paper Select)
sensors. 38
S24 Original Length-1 Detects the length of the original. This is
one of the APS (Auto Paper Select)
sensors. 18
S25 Duplex Paper End
(A214 machine only) Detects paper in the duplex tray. 50
S26 Duplex Turn (A214 machine only) Detects the trailing edge of the copy paper to determine the jogging timing, and
detects misfeeds. 51
S27 Duplex Entrance
(A214 machine only) Detects misfeeds. 56
S28 Side Fence Jogger HP
(A214 machine only) Detects the home position of the duplex side fence jogger. 53
S29 End Fence Jogger HP
(A214 machine only) Detects the home position of the duplex end fence jogger. 58
S30 Original Length
(Option for N. American
models)
Detects original length for 11" x 15" paper. 21
Switches
SW1 By-pass Feed Table Detects whether the by-pass feed table is
open or closed. 30
SW2 Tray Down
(A214 machine only) Sends a signal to the CPU to lower the LCT bottom plate. 90
SW3
Upper Tray Paper Size
(A212 machine only) Determines what size of paper is in the upper paper tray, and detects when the
tray has been closed.
✽The upper tray switch has been
eliminated.
24
SW4
Lower Tray Paper Size Determines what size of paper is in the
lower paper tray, and detects when the tray
has been closed.
✽The lower tray switch has been
eliminated.
31
SW5 Vertical Guide Set
(A212 machine only) Detects whether the vertical guide is open or not. 29
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 13 October 1997
12

Symbol Name Function Index No.
SW6 LCT Cover-1
(A214 machine only) Detects whether the LCT cover is open or not. 91
SW7 LCT Cover-2
(A214 machine only) Cuts the dc power line of the LCT lift motor. 89
SW8 Main Supplies power to the copier. 37
SW9 Front Cover Safety Cuts the ac power line and detects whether
the front door is open or not. 36
SW10 Exit Cover Safety
(A214 machine only) Cuts the ac power line and detects whether the exit cover is open or not. 42
Magnetic Clutches
CL1 Toner Supply Turns the toner supply roller to supply
toner to the development unit. 66
CL2 Development Drives the development roller. 65
CL3 Transfer Belt Contact Controls the touch and release movement of both the transfer belt unit and the drum
charge roller unit. 82
CL4 Registration Drives the registration rollers. 67
CL5 By-pass Feed Starts paper feed from the by-pass feed
table or LCT. 68
CL6 Relay Drives the relay rollers. 70
CL7 Upper Paper Feed
(A212 machine only) Starts paper feed from the upper paper tray. 74
CL8 Lower Paper Feed Starts paper feed from the lower paper tray. 75
Solenoids
SOL1
A214 machine:
LCT/By-Pass Pick-up
Solenoid
A212 machine:
By-pass Pick-up
Solenoid
Picks paper up from the by-pass feed
table. When paper is fed from the LCT, this
solenoid assists SOL3. 69
SOL2 Junction Gate
(A214 machine only) Moves the junction gate to direct copies to the duplex tray or to the paper exit. 79
SOL3 LCT Pick-up
(A214 machine only) Picks up paper from the LCT. 84
Lamps
L1
Exposure Applies high intensity light to the original for
exposure.
✽Modified - see the "Optics" section for
details.
16
L2
Main Fusing Provides heat to the central area of the hot
roller.
✽Modified - see the "Fusing" section for
details.
59
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
13

Symbol Name Function Index No.
L3 Secondary Fusing Provides heat to both ends of the hot roller.
✽Modified - see the "Fusing" section for
details. 60
L4 Pre-transfer Reduces the charge remaining on the drum surface before transfer. 4
L5 Quenching Neutralizes any charge remaining on the
drum surface after cleaning. 5
L6 Erase After exposure, this eliminates the charge on areas of the drum that will not be used
for the image. 2
Heaters
H1
Drum Turns on when the main switch is off to
keep the temperature around the drum
charge roller at a certain level. Also
prevents moisture from forming around the
drum.
33
H2 Optics Anti-condensation (option) Turns on when the main switch is off to prevent moisture from forming on the
optics. 40
H3 Lower Tray (option) Turns on when the main switch is off to
keep paper dry in the lower paper tray. 32
Thermistors
TH1 Main Fusing Monitors the temperature at the central
area of the hot roller. 63
TH2 Secondary Fusing Monitors the temperature at the ends of the
hot roller. 64
TH3 Optics Monitors the temperature of the optics
cavity. 41
TH4 Drum Charge Monitors the temperature of the drum
charge roller. 43
Thermofuses
TF1 Main Fusing Provides back-up overheat protection in
the fusing unit. 62
TF2 Secondary Fusing Provides back-up overheat protection in
the fusing unit. 61
TF3 Exposure Lamp Opens the exposure lamp circuit if the 1st
scanner overheats. 17
Counters
CO1 Total Keeps track of the total number of copies
made. 35
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 13 October 1997
14

Symbol Name Function Index No.
CO2 Key (option) Used for control of authorized use. The
copier will not operate until it is installed. N/A
Others
CB1 Circuit Breaker (220 ~
240 V machines only) Provides back-up high current protection for electrical components. 8
TR1 Transformer (220 ~ 240
V machines only) Steps down the wall voltage to 100 Vac. 6
CC1 Choke Coil Removes high frequency current. 9
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
15

5. PROCESS CONTROL
✽Refer to the A204/A206/A207/A208/A210/A211 service manual for detailed
information.
5.1 TEMPERATURE CORRECTION
✽Temperature correction has changed, as explained below. Also, the
machine no longer performs drum rotation time correction.
The new drum charge roller needs only about half the correction voltage that
was needed in the base copier. Further, the level of correction needed for the
lowest temperature point (5°C) is about the same as the normal room
temperature point for the base copier [A].
In the base machine, rotation time correction was only needed for low
temperatures where the temperature correction was large. In the new
machines, the temperature correction is never greater than –300 V, so the
rotation time correction has been eliminated.
•Temperature Correction (Copying) - Base drum charge voltage = –1,500 V
•Temperature Correction (VSP Pattern) - Base drum charge = –1,370 V
Drum Charge Roller
Temperature (°C) Temperature Correction
VSP Pattern Copying
35.0 ≤T 0 –150.0
28.0 ≤T < 35.0 –200.0 + 5.7T –300.0 + 4.3T
10.0 ≤T < 28.0 –320 + 10.0T –428.9 + 8.9T
T < 10.0 –220.0 –340.0
A212D500.wmf
PROCESS CONTROL 13 October 1997
16

6. DRUM
NOTE: The drum in this machine is the same as the A204/A206/A207/A208/
A210/A211 copiers. Please refer to the A204/A206/A207/A208/A210/
A211 manual for details.
A212/A214
Copier
13 October 1997 DRUM
17