Rohde & Schwarz ZNL4 User manual

R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Vector Network Analyzers
User Manual
1178596602
Version 13
(;ÜÉÐ2)

This manual applies to the following vector network analyzer models:
●R&S®ZNL3, 5 kHz to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.03
●R&S®ZNL4, 5 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.04
●R&S®ZNL6, 5 kHz to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.06
●R&S®ZNL14, 5 kHz to 14 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.14
●R&S®ZNL20, 5 kHz to 20 GHz, 2 ports, 3.5 mm (m) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.20
●R&S®ZNLE3, 1 MHz* to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.53
●R&S®ZNLE4, 1 MHz* to 4.5 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.54
●R&S®ZNLE6, 1 MHz* to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.56
●R&S®ZNLE14, 1 MHz* to 14 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.64
●R&S®ZNLE18, 1 MHz* to 18 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.70
* 100 kHz with R&S®ZNLE-B100 low frequency extension option
© 2021 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1178.5966.02 | Version 13 | R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, e.g. R&S®ZNL is indicated as
R&S ZNL.

Contents
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
3User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
Contents
1 Safety and Regulatory Information.................................................... 13
1.1 Safety Instructions......................................................................................................13
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE.......................................................................................... 16
1.3 Korea Certification Class A........................................................................................17
2 Documentation Overview....................................................................18
2.1 Getting Started Manual...............................................................................................18
2.2 User Manuals and Help...............................................................................................18
2.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................ 18
2.4 Instrument Security Procedures................................................................................19
2.5 Basic Safety Instructions........................................................................................... 19
2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures....................................................................................... 19
2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).....................................19
2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.......................................20
2.9 Calibration Certificate.................................................................................................20
3 What's New in Firmware Version 1.41................................................21
3.1 Firmware Version 1.41................................................................................................ 21
3.2 Firmware Version 1.40................................................................................................ 21
4 Getting Started..................................................................................... 24
4.1 Preparing for Use........................................................................................................ 24
4.1.1 Lifting and Carrying....................................................................................................... 24
4.1.2 Unpacking and Checking.............................................................................................. 24
4.1.3 Choosing the Operating Site......................................................................................... 24
4.1.4 Setting Up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE..................................................................................... 25
4.1.5 Connecting to Power.....................................................................................................27
4.1.6 Switching On or Off....................................................................................................... 30
4.1.7 Connecting to LAN........................................................................................................ 31
4.1.8 Connecting a Keyboard.................................................................................................32
4.1.9 Connecting an External Monitor....................................................................................32
4.1.10 Windows Operating System..........................................................................................34
4.1.11 Logging On....................................................................................................................36

Contents
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4.1.12 Checking the Supplied Options.....................................................................................37
4.1.13 Considerations for Test Setup....................................................................................... 38
4.2 Instrument Tour...........................................................................................................39
4.2.1 Front Panel View...........................................................................................................39
4.2.2 Rear Panel View............................................................................................................46
4.3 Trying Out the Instrument.......................................................................................... 52
4.3.1 Performing Measurements............................................................................................52
4.3.2 Zooming into the Display...............................................................................................59
4.3.3 Saving Settings............................................................................................................. 60
4.3.4 Printing and Saving Results.......................................................................................... 62
4.3.5 Activating Additional Channel Setups........................................................................... 63
4.3.6 Trying Out Spectrum Mode........................................................................................... 65
4.3.7 Performing Sequential Measurements..........................................................................72
4.4 Operating the Instrument........................................................................................... 73
4.4.1 Understanding the Display Information (VNA Mode).................................................... 74
4.4.2 Accessing the Functionality...........................................................................................75
4.4.3 Entering Data................................................................................................................ 80
4.4.4 Touchscreen Gestures.................................................................................................. 81
4.4.5 Getting Help.................................................................................................................. 84
5 Operating Modes, Applications, Channel Setups, and Result Dis-
plays......................................................................................................85
5.1 Available Applications................................................................................................ 86
5.2 R&S MultiView............................................................................................................. 87
5.3 Defining Channel Setups............................................................................................88
5.4 Running a Sequence of Measurements.................................................................... 90
5.4.1 The Sequencer Concept............................................................................................... 90
5.4.2 Sequencer Settings.......................................................................................................93
5.4.3 How to Set Up the Sequencer.......................................................................................93
6 Data Management................................................................................ 95
6.1 Restoring the Default Instrument Configuration (Preset)....................................... 95
6.2 Storing and Recalling Instrument Settings and Measurement Data...................... 96
6.2.1 Quick Save/Quick Recall...............................................................................................97
6.2.2 Configurable Storage and Recall.................................................................................. 99

Contents
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6.2.3 How to Save and Load Instrument Settings................................................................104
6.3 Creating Screenshots of Current Measurement Results and Settings................106
6.3.1 Print and Screenshot Settings.....................................................................................106
6.3.2 How to Store or Print Screenshots of the Display....................................................... 116
7 General Instrument Setup................................................................. 119
7.1 Reference Frequency................................................................................................119
7.2 Display Settings........................................................................................................ 120
7.2.1 Display Settings.......................................................................................................... 120
7.2.2 How to Work with the Soft Front Panels......................................................................128
7.3 Language Settings.................................................................................................... 129
7.4 System Configuration Settings................................................................................129
7.4.1 Hardware Information..................................................................................................129
7.4.2 Information on Versions and Options.......................................................................... 130
7.4.3 System Messages.......................................................................................................132
7.4.4 Firmware Updates.......................................................................................................132
7.4.5 General Configuration Settings................................................................................... 134
7.4.6 Additional Interfaces....................................................................................................135
7.5 Service Functions..................................................................................................... 136
7.5.1 R&S Support Information............................................................................................ 136
7.5.2 Self-test Settings and Results..................................................................................... 138
7.5.3 Calibration Signal Display........................................................................................... 138
7.5.4 Service Functions........................................................................................................140
7.6 VNA Setup..................................................................................................................141
7.6.1 Calibration Tab............................................................................................................ 141
7.6.2 User Interface Tab.......................................................................................................143
7.6.3 Advanced Tab............................................................................................................. 145
7.6.4 Power Tab................................................................................................................... 146
7.7 Toolbar Configuration...............................................................................................147
8 Network and Remote Settings.......................................................... 149
8.1 Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols.............................................................. 149
8.1.1 LAN Interface.............................................................................................................. 150
8.1.2 GPIB Interface (IEC 625/IEEE 418 Bus Interface)......................................................154
8.2 SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments)...............................156

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8.3 VISA Libraries............................................................................................................156
8.4 Network and Remote Control Settings................................................................... 156
8.4.1 General Network Settings........................................................................................... 157
8.4.2 Remote Settings..........................................................................................................158
8.4.3 Compatibility Settings..................................................................................................161
8.4.4 LAN Settings............................................................................................................... 162
8.4.5 Remote Errors.............................................................................................................163
8.4.6 Returning to Manual Mode ("Local")........................................................................... 165
8.5 How to Set Up a Network and Remote Control...................................................... 166
8.5.1 How to Configure a Network....................................................................................... 166
8.5.2 How to Operate the Instrument Without a Network.....................................................172
8.5.3 How to Log on to the Network.....................................................................................173
8.5.4 How to Share Directories (only with Microsoft Networks)........................................... 175
8.5.5 How to Control the R&S ZNL/ZNLE via the Web Browser Interface...........................176
8.5.6 How to Deactivate the Web Browser Interface............................................................177
8.5.7 How to Set Up Remote Desktop................................................................................. 178
8.5.8 How to Start a Remote Control Session from a PC.................................................... 184
8.5.9 How to Return to Manual Operation............................................................................185
9 VNA Concepts and Features.............................................................186
9.1 Basic Concepts......................................................................................................... 186
9.1.1 Global (Persistent) Settings........................................................................................ 186
9.1.2 Channel Setups...........................................................................................................187
9.1.3 Traces, Channels and Diagrams.................................................................................187
9.1.4 Sweep Control.............................................................................................................189
9.1.5 Data Flow.................................................................................................................... 192
9.2 VNA Screen Elements...............................................................................................196
9.2.1 Display Elements of a VNA Diagram.......................................................................... 196
9.2.2 Dialogs........................................................................................................................ 207
9.2.3 Trace Formats............................................................................................................. 209
9.3 Measurement Results............................................................................................... 217
9.3.1 S-Parameters.............................................................................................................. 218
9.3.2 Reference Impedances............................................................................................... 219
9.3.3 Impedance Parameters...............................................................................................221

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9.3.4 Admittance Parameters...............................................................................................224
9.3.5 Wave Quantities and Ratios........................................................................................225
9.3.6 Unbalance-Balance Conversion..................................................................................227
9.3.7 Stability Factors...........................................................................................................230
9.3.8 Delay, Aperture, Electrical Length...............................................................................230
9.4 Operations on Traces............................................................................................... 231
9.4.1 Limit Check................................................................................................................. 231
9.4.2 Trace Files...................................................................................................................238
9.4.3 Memory-Mapped Trace Data Transfer........................................................................ 247
9.5 Calibration................................................................................................................. 248
9.5.1 Calibration Types........................................................................................................ 249
9.5.2 Calibration Standards and Calibration Kits................................................................. 253
9.5.3 Calibration Pool...........................................................................................................259
9.5.4 Calibration Labels....................................................................................................... 260
9.5.5 Automatic Calibration.................................................................................................. 260
9.5.6 Parallel Calibration of Multiple Channels.................................................................... 265
9.6 Offset Parameters and De-/Embedding.................................................................. 265
9.6.1 Offset Parameters....................................................................................................... 265
9.6.2 Embedding and Deembedding....................................................................................271
9.7 Optional Extensions and Accessories....................................................................281
9.7.1 Time Domain Analysis.................................................................................................282
9.7.2 Distance-to-Fault Measurements................................................................................ 288
9.7.3 Spectrum Analyzer Function....................................................................................... 289
9.7.4 Additional Removable PC Board with SSD.................................................................290
9.7.5 Extended Power Range.............................................................................................. 290
9.7.6 Receiver Step Attenuators.......................................................................................... 291
9.7.7 Lower Start Frequency for R&S ZNLE........................................................................ 291
9.7.8 OCXO Frequency Reference...................................................................................... 292
9.7.9 Additional Interfaces....................................................................................................292
9.7.10 GPIB Interface.............................................................................................................292
9.7.11 Broadband Limiter.......................................................................................................293
9.7.12 DC Power Supply 12/24 V.......................................................................................... 293
9.7.13 Internal Li-Ion Batteries............................................................................................... 293

Contents
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8User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
10 VNA GUI Reference............................................................................294
10.1 Function Keys and Softtools................................................................................... 294
10.2 Stimulus Softtool...................................................................................................... 295
10.2.1 Stimulus Tab................................................................................................................296
10.2.2 Power Tab................................................................................................................... 297
10.2.3 Time Domain X-Axis Tab.............................................................................................299
10.3 Scale Softtool............................................................................................................ 300
10.3.1 Scale Values Tab.........................................................................................................301
10.3.2 Scale Coupling Tab..................................................................................................... 303
10.3.3 Zoom Tab.................................................................................................................... 304
10.4 Bw Avg Power Softtool.............................................................................................306
10.4.1 Power Tab................................................................................................................... 306
10.4.2 Bandwidth Tab.............................................................................................................307
10.4.3 Average Tab................................................................................................................ 308
10.5 Sweep Softtool.......................................................................................................... 309
10.5.1 Sweep Params Tab..................................................................................................... 309
10.5.2 Sweep Type Tab..........................................................................................................312
10.5.3 Trigger Tab.................................................................................................................. 322
10.5.4 Sweep Control Tab......................................................................................................327
10.6 Trace Softtool............................................................................................................ 330
10.6.1 Traces Tab...................................................................................................................330
10.6.2 Mem............................................................................................................................ 335
10.6.3 All Mem All Data Tab...................................................................................................337
10.6.4 Math Tab..................................................................................................................... 339
10.6.5 Time Domain Tab........................................................................................................ 344
10.6.6 Time Gate Tab.............................................................................................................349
10.6.7 Distance to Fault Tab.................................................................................................. 351
10.6.8 Trace Statistics Tab..................................................................................................... 359
10.6.9 Smooth Shift Hold Tab................................................................................................ 363
10.6.10 Infinite Averaging Tab..................................................................................................367
10.6.11 Trace Data Tab............................................................................................................367
10.7 Meas Softtool.............................................................................................................375
10.7.1 S-Params Tab............................................................................................................. 376

Contents
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10.7.2 Ratios Tab................................................................................................................... 383
10.7.3 Wave Tab.................................................................................................................... 386
10.7.4 Z←Sij Tab....................................................................................................................388
10.7.5 Y←Sij Tab................................................................................................................... 390
10.7.6 Y-Z-Params Tab.......................................................................................................... 392
10.7.7 Stability Tab.................................................................................................................394
10.8 Format Softtool......................................................................................................... 395
10.9 Display Lines Softtool.............................................................................................. 401
10.9.1 Diagram Tab................................................................................................................402
10.9.2 Split Tab...................................................................................................................... 405
10.9.3 Config Tab................................................................................................................... 407
10.9.4 Limit Test Tab...............................................................................................................411
10.9.5 Ripple Test Tab............................................................................................................419
10.9.6 Circle Test Tab.............................................................................................................424
10.9.7 Display Circle Tab....................................................................................................... 427
10.9.8 Horiz. Line Tab............................................................................................................ 428
10.10 Marker Settings Softtool...........................................................................................429
10.10.1 Markers Tab................................................................................................................ 429
10.10.2 Marker Props Tab........................................................................................................432
10.10.3 Set by Marker Tab....................................................................................................... 434
10.10.4 Info Field Tab...............................................................................................................436
10.10.5 Marker Coupling Tab................................................................................................... 436
10.11 Marker Search Softtool.............................................................................................438
10.11.1 Peak Tab..................................................................................................................... 438
10.11.2 Multiple Peak Tab........................................................................................................443
10.11.3 Target Search Tab.......................................................................................................445
10.11.4 Bandfilter Tab.............................................................................................................. 447
10.12 Cal Softtool................................................................................................................ 452
10.12.1 Create a User Calibration............................................................................................452
10.12.2 Manage Calibration Devices....................................................................................... 467
10.12.3 Manage User Calibrations...........................................................................................479
10.13 Channel Softtool....................................................................................................... 483
10.13.1 Channels Tab.............................................................................................................. 483

Contents
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10User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
10.13.2 Mode Tab.................................................................................................................... 487
10.13.3 Channel Bits Tab......................................................................................................... 489
10.14 Offset Embed Softtool.............................................................................................. 490
10.14.1 Offset Embed Dock Widget.........................................................................................490
10.14.2 Offset Tab....................................................................................................................499
10.14.3 One Way Loss Tab...................................................................................................... 505
10.14.4 Single Ended Tab........................................................................................................ 507
10.14.5 Port Sets Tab...............................................................................................................510
10.14.6 Balanced Tab.............................................................................................................. 512
10.14.7 Ground Loop Tab........................................................................................................ 515
10.14.8 Differential Match Tab..................................................................................................517
10.14.9 Config Tab................................................................................................................... 519
11 Command Reference......................................................................... 520
11.1 Conventions Used in SCPI Command Descriptions..............................................520
11.2 Common Commands................................................................................................ 521
11.3 Common Instrument Commands............................................................................ 525
11.3.1 Commands for Remote Instrument Operation............................................................ 525
11.3.2 Selecting the Operating Mode and Application...........................................................526
11.3.3 Managing Settings and Results.................................................................................. 533
11.3.4 Configuring the R&S ZNL/ZNLE................................................................................. 558
11.4 VNA Remote Control Basics.................................................................................... 576
11.4.1 Block Data Format...................................................................................................... 576
11.4.2 Basic Remote Control Concepts.................................................................................576
11.4.3 The IECWIN Tool........................................................................................................ 580
11.4.4 Status Reporting System............................................................................................ 581
11.5 VNA Command Reference........................................................................................595
11.5.1 Special Terms and Notation........................................................................................ 595
11.5.2 SCPI Command Reference.........................................................................................597
11.5.3 R&S ZVR/ZVABT Compatible Commands..................................................................935
11.6 VNA Programming Examples.................................................................................. 957
11.6.1 Basic Tasks................................................................................................................. 957
11.6.2 Condensed Programming Examples.......................................................................... 966
11.7 List of commands..................................................................................................... 987

Contents
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
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12 Troubleshooting...............................................................................1003
12.1 Error Messages and Troubleshooting...................................................................1003
12.1.1 Errors during Firmware Operation.............................................................................1003
12.1.2 Errors during Firmware Installation/Update...............................................................1005
12.2 System Recovery.................................................................................................... 1005
12.3 Collecting Information for Support........................................................................1006
12.4 Contacting Customer Support...............................................................................1007
13 Transporting..................................................................................... 1009
14 Maintenance, Storage, Transport and Disposal............................1010
14.1 Cleaning................................................................................................................... 1010
14.2 Changing Fuses...................................................................................................... 1010
14.3 Handling Batteries...................................................................................................1011
14.4 Storage..................................................................................................................... 1011
14.5 Transporting............................................................................................................ 1011
14.6 Disposal................................................................................................................... 1012
15 Annexes............................................................................................ 1013
15.1 Manual Firmware Uninstallation and Installation.................................................1013
15.2 System Recovery.................................................................................................... 1014
15.3 Interfaces and Connectors.....................................................................................1014
15.3.1 Rear Panel Connectors.............................................................................................1014
15.3.2 GPIB Interface...........................................................................................................1016
15.4 Maintenance............................................................................................................ 1019
15.4.1 Cleaning.................................................................................................................... 1020
15.4.2 Storing and Packing the Instrument.......................................................................... 1020
Glossary: Frequently Used Terms..................................................1021
Index..................................................................................................1027

Contents
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
12User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13

Safety and Regulatory Information
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
13User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
1 Safety and Regulatory Information
The product documentation helps you use the product safely and efficiently. Follow the
instructions provided here and in the Chapter 1.1, "Safety Instructions", on page 13.
Intended use
The product is intended for the development, production and verification of electronic
components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environments.
Use the product only for its designated purpose. Observe the operating conditions and
performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you of potential dan-
gers and gives instructions on how to prevent personal injury or damage caused by
dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●In Chapter 1.1, "Safety Instructions", on page 13. The same information is provi-
ded in many languages as printed "Safety Instructions". The printed "Safety
Instructions" are delivered with the product.
●Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation.
1.1 Safety Instructions
Products from the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies are manufactured according
to the highest technical standards. To use the products safely, follow the instructions
provided here and in the product documentation. Keep the product documentation
nearby and offer it to other users.
Use the product only for its intended use and within its performance limits. Intended
use and limits are described in the product documentation such as the data sheet,
manuals and the printed safety instructions. If you are unsure about the appropriate
use, contact Rohde & Schwarz customer service.
Using the product requires specialists or specially trained personnel. These users also
need sound knowledge of at least one of the languages in which the user interfaces
and the product documentation are available.
If any part of the product is damaged or broken, stop using the product. Never open
the casing of the product. Only service personnel authorized by Rohde & Schwarz are
allowed to repair the product. Contact Rohde & Schwarz customer service at http://
www.customersupport.rohde-schwarz.com.
Lifting and carrying the product
The maximum weight of the product is provided in the data sheet. To move the product
safely, you can use lifting or transporting equipment such as lift trucks and forklifts. Fol-
low the instructions provided by the equipment manufacturer.
Safety Instructions

Safety and Regulatory Information
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
14User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
Choosing the operating site
Only use the product indoors. The product casing is not waterproof. Water that enters
can electrically connect the casing with live parts, which can lead to electric shock,
serious personal injury or death if you touch the casing. If Rohde & Schwarz provides a
carrying bag designed for your product, you can use the product outdoors.
Unless otherwise specified, you can operate the product up to an altitude of 2000 m
above sea level. The product is suitable for pollution degree 2 environments where
nonconductive contamination can occur. For more information on environmental condi-
tions such as ambient temperature and humidity, see the data sheet.
Setting up the product
Always place the product on a stable, flat and level surface with the bottom of the prod-
uct facing down. If the product is designed for different positions, secure the product so
that it cannot fall over.
If the product has foldable feet, always fold the feet completely in or out to ensure sta-
bility. The feet can collapse if they are not folded out completely or if the product is
moved without lifting it. The foldable feet are designed to carry the weight of the prod-
uct, but not an extra load.
If stacking is possible, keep in mind that a stack of products can fall over and cause
injury.
If you mount products in a rack, ensure that the rack has sufficient load capacity and
stability. Observe the specifications of the rack manufacturer. Always install the prod-
ucts from the bottom shelf to the top shelf so that the rack stands securely. Secure the
product so that it cannot fall off the rack.
Connecting to power
The product is an overvoltage category II product and has to be connected to a fixed
installation used to supply energy-consuming equipment such as household applian-
ces and similar loads. Be aware that electrically powered products have risks, such as
electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Take the following measures for your safety:
●Before switching on the product, ensure that the voltage and frequency indicated
on the product match the available power source. If the power adapter does not
adjust automatically, set the correct value and check the rating of the fuse.
●If a product has an exchangeable fuse, its type and characteristics are indicated
next to the fuse holder. Before changing the fuse, switch off the instrument and dis-
connect it from the power source. How to change the fuse is described in the prod-
uct documentation.
●Only use the power cable delivered with the product. It complies with country-spe-
cific safety requirements. Only insert the plug into an outlet with protective conduc-
tor terminal.
●Only use intact cables and route them carefully so that they cannot be damaged.
Check the power cables regularly to ensure that they are undamaged. Also ensure
that nobody can trip over loose cables.
Safety Instructions

Safety and Regulatory Information
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
15User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
●If the product needs an external power supply, use the power supply that is deliv-
ered with the product or that is recommended in the product documentation or a
power supply that conforms to the country-specific regulations.
●Only connect the product to a power source with a fuse protection of maximum
20 A.
●Ensure that you can disconnect the product from the power source at any time.
Pull the power plug to disconnect the product. The power plug must be easily
accessible. If the product is integrated into a system that does not meet these
requirements, provide an easily accessible circuit breaker at the system level.
Cleaning the product
Use a dry, lint-free cloth to clean the product. When cleaning, keep in mind that the
casing is not waterproof. Do not use liquid cleaning agents.
Meaning of safety labels
Safety labels on the product warn against potential hazards.
Potential hazard
Read the product documentation to avoid personal injury or product damage.
Electrical hazard
Indicates live parts. Risk of electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Hot surface
Do not touch. Risk of skin burns. Risk of fire.
Protective conductor terminal
Connect this terminal to a grounded external conductor or to protective ground. This protects
you against electric shock should an electric problem occur.
Handling batteries safely
The product contains lithium polymer or lithium ion cells or batteries. The use of the
word battery in the following always means all types. Only the battery contents are
potentially hazardous. As long as a battery is undamaged and the seals remain intact,
there is no danger.
Impact, shock or heat can cause damage such as dents, punctures and other deforma-
tions. A damaged battery poses a risk of personal injury. Handle a damaged or leaking
battery with extreme care. Immediately ventilate the area since the battery releases
harmful gases. If you come into contact with the battery fluid, immediately remove all
contaminated clothing. Irritation can occur if the battery fluid comes in contact with your
skin or eyes. Immediately and thoroughly rinse your skin or eyes with water and seek
medical aid.
For safe handling, follow these rules:
●Do not short-circuit the battery.
●Do not mechanically damage the battery. Do not open or disassemble the battery.
Safety Instructions

Safety and Regulatory Information
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
16User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
●Do not expose the battery to high temperatures such as open flames, hot surfaces
and sunlight.
●Only use the battery with the designated Rohde & Schwarz product.
●Only use the appropriate Rohde & Schwarz charger to charge the batteries. If the
batteries are improperly charged, there is a risk of explosion. For charging and dis-
charging temperature ranges, see the product documentation.
●Store the battery at room temperature (approximately 20 °C) enclosed in the origi-
nal packaging.
●Dispose of batteries separately from normal household waste as specified by the
local waste disposal agency.
If you disregard these rules, you risk serious personal injury or even death due to
explosion, fire or hazardous chemical substances. The product documentation pro-
vides further details.
When replacing a defective battery, only use the same Rohde & Schwarz battery type.
When returning batteries to Rohde & Schwarz subsidiaries, choose a carrier qualified
to transport dangerous goods and follow the carrier’s transport stipulations in line with
IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code, ADR or RID. If you need assistance, contact the carrier or
Rohde & Schwarz customer service.
Connecting headphones
Take the following measures to prevent hearing damage. Before using headphones,
check the volume and reduce it if necessary. If you monitor varying signal levels, take
off the headphones and wait until the signal has settled. Then adjust the volume.
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE
Labels on the casing inform about:
●Personal safety, see "Meaning of safety labels" on page 15
●Product and environment safety, see Table 1-1
●Identification of the product, see Chapter 4.2.2.14, "Device ID", on page 52
Table 1-1: Labels regarding R&S
ZNL/ZNLE and environment safety
Labeling in line with EN 50419 for disposal of electrical and electronic equipment after the prod-
uct has come to the end of its service life. For more information, see the product user manual,
chapter "Disposal".
Labeling in line with directive 2006/66/EC for disposal of batteries after they have come to the
end of their service life. For more information, see the R&S ZNL/ZNLE user manual, chapter
"Disposal".
Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE

Safety and Regulatory Information
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
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1.3 Korea Certification Class A
이 기기는 업무용(A급) 전자파 적합기기로서 판매자 또는 사용자는 이 점을 주의하시기
바라며, 가정외의 지역에서 사용하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.
Korea Certification Class A

Documentation Overview
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
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2 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S ZNL/ZNLE product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNLE.
2.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S ZNL/ZNLE and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general infor-
mation, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for down-
load on the Internet.
2.2 User Manuals and Help
Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:
●Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control com-
mands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application, includ-
ing remote control commands. Basic information on operating the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
is not included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. The
help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit
and the firmware applications.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Inter-
net.
2.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replace-
ment and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
Service Manual

Documentation Overview
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
19User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/irj/portal/SearchDetailView?downloadContai-
nerID=484937
ZNL service manual, ZNLE service manual
2.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in secure areas. It is
available for download on the Internet.
2.5 Basic Safety Instructions
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. It also lists
the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific char-
acteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/
brochure-datasheet/ZNLE.
2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment
(OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/
ZNLE.
Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)

Documentation Overview
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
20User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 13
2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers,
etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particu-
lar topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/
ZNLE.
2.9 Calibration Certificate
The document is available on https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/calcert. You need the
device ID of your instrument, which you can find on a label on the rear panel.
Calibration Certificate