Showa Denko Shodex Shodex IC SI-36 4D User manual

Operation Manual Shodex IC SI-36 4D Version 200603E
Operation Manual
Shodex™ IC SI-36 4D
Europe, Middle East, Africa, Russia
www.shodex.de
Sales Office:
Showa Denko Europe GmbH
Shodex Business
Konrad-Zuse-Platz 3
81829 Munich
Germany
Technical Support:
[email protected]
+49 (0)89 / 93 99 62 37
Quotes and Orders:
[email protected]
+49 (0)89 / 93 99 62 34

Operation Manual Shodex IC SI-36 4D Version 200603E
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Operation Manual
Shodex IC SI-36 4D
(Please read this manual carefully to achieve the best and consistent column performance for a long time)
Important Handling Instructions
Caution! • Please consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) of reagents and solvents used with the
column and understand their proper handling methods to prevent potential health
hazards or death from occurring.
• Please wear appropriate personal protective equipment such as lab goggles and
gloves when handling organic solvents and acid and alkaline reagents. Avoid any direct
physical contact to prevent chemical injuries.
Before Using the Column
(1) Please visually inspect the package and outside of the column for any damage.
(2) Please check if product name and serial number written on the column package, column name tag,
and enclosed Certificate of Analysis (CoA) are matching and correct.
1. Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Shodex™product. Shodex™IC SI-36 4D is a suppressor type ion
chromatography column for analysis of anions. The column is used with hydroxide eluents such as
potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. The column is suitable for the separations of standard
anions including fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate, as well as sulfite.
2. Column Components
3. Column Specifications
Product Code
Product Name
Column Size ID x Length
Particle Size
Theoretical Plate
Number (Per Column)
F6999361
IC SI-36 4D
4.0 x 150 mm
3.5 µm
≥8,500
F6709620
IC SI-90G
4.6 x 10 mm
9 µm
(Guard Column)
Base Material: Spherical porous particles of polyvinyl alcohol modified with quaternary
ammonium group
Column Housing: PEEK
Screw type: Internally-threaded type No. 10-32 UNF
Shipping solvent: IC SI-36 4D: 10 mM Sodium Sulfate Solution
IC SI-90G: 1.8 mM Sodium Carbonate Solution + 1.7 mM Sodium Bicarbonate
Solution

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4. Usable Conditions
Product
Name
Flow Rate (mL/min)
Maximum
Pressure (MPa)
(Per Column)
pH
Range
Temperature Range (°C)
Recommended
Maximum
Recommended
Range
IC SI-36 4D
0.7
0.9
20
3 - 14
30
20 - 60
IC SI-90G
-
-
-
3 - 14
30
20 - 60
Usable solvents are listed below
(1) In general, either potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is used.
(2) The standard eluent is 25 mM potassium hydroxide. The higher the concentration of potassium
hydroxide, the faster the elution of ions will be.
(3) Up to 100 % acetonitrile is usable.
Attention! • Use the column within above stated flow rate, pressure, and temperature ranges.
Using the column outside the given range may damage the column and lower its
performance.
• Column pressure is influenced by the eluent composition, flow rate, and column
temperature. When changing the eluent compositions, adjust the flow rate and
column temperature so that the column pressure remains below the usable maximum
pressure.
5. Sample Preparation
(1) If possible, use the eluent for analysis to dissolve or dilute samples. If this is difficult, use a solvent
which has a composition that is as close as possible to the eluent's composition, but which fully
dissolves or dilutes the sample. When gradient elution is used, it is recommended to use the initial
eluent to prepare the sample.
(2) Filter the sample solution using disposable 0.45 μm filter to prevent the column from clogging or
deteriorating.
(3) Recommended sample injection volume is less than 10-25 μL per column.
When analyzing low concentration samples (≤ 0.1 mg/L), increasing the injection volume to 100-200 μL
may improve the detection.
(4) For the samples containing proteins, remove the proteins prior to the sample injection. The use of
an ultrafiltration membrane is recommended.
(5) For the samples containing hydrophobic impurities, remove the impurities prior to the sample
injection. The use of a solid phase extraction is recommended.
Note •Use of guard column is recommended to protect the analytical column.
6. Column Usage Procedure
6.1. HPLC System Preparation
Wash entire LC system prior to the column installation, including all flow-lines and sample loop by
switching the valve, and then replace the washing solution with the eluent to be used. If desired new
eluent has low miscibility/solubility to the eluent of previous analysis, first use the eluent that is
miscible/soluble to both eluents, and then replace it with the desired eluent.
e.g. When replacing chloroform to water, first run methanol and then replace it with water.
Attention! • If the eluent left in the system is not compatible with the column to be used, it may
damage the column.

Operation Manual Shodex IC SI-36 4D Version 200603E
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• A drastic change in the eluent compositions may remove substances adsorbed on
the system and they may enter and deteriorate the column.
6.2. Column Installation
(1) Connect the column to LC system by following the “flow direction arrow” () indicated on the
name tag.
(2) Make sure to insert the tubing all the way to the end fitting and secure it with the male nut. It is
important that there is no extra space between the tubing and the column side of the end fitting.
Presence of an extra space will let the sample to spread out and may result in wide peaks.
(3) Set the initial flow rate at less than 0.35 mL/min and start the system. If using the column at an
elevated temperature, keep a low flow rate until the temperature of the column reaches to the set
temperature, and then gradually increase the flow rate to the desired.
(4) When using the column for the first time, before connecting the column outflow to a suppressor,
wash the column with the eluent at 0.35 mL/min flow rate for more than 30 minutes. This also applies
to when reusing a column with which the eluent was replaced with shipping solvent.
Caution! • Verify that there is no solvent leak. It may cause electronic leakage, rust, and/or
chemical injury.
Attention! • Make sure not to let air bubbles enter the column while installing the column. The
air bubbles may damage the column.
• When restarting the system after column installation or after holding the eluent
flow, start the system at less than 0.35 mL/min. A rapid increase in pressure can
damage the column.
• If the column was used at an elevated temperature, lower the flow rate to less than
0.35 mL/min at the end of analysis. Then, turn off the column oven, and let the column
temperature return to room temperature before stopping the pump. If the pump was
stopped while the eluent inside the column was still hot, as the eluent temperature
decreases, its volume also decreases. This may result in creating an empty space in the
column and deteriorates the column.
6.3. Eluents
(1) Use freshly generated ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ∙cm) to prepare the eluent.
(2) The use of an eluent generation system is highly recommended for the preparation of potassium
hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution. If an eluent generation system is not available, dilute a
reagent-special grade potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution with ultrapure water.
(3) Degas the eluent fully to prevent the formation of air bubbles.
(4) Presence of small debris or insoluble substances may result in deterioration of the column and/or
they appear as noise on the chromatograms. Filter the eluent with a 0.45 μm disposable filter to
prevent the problems.
(5) Start the system at less than 0.35 mL/min when replacing the solvent.
Attention! • Use HPLC grade organic solvent whenever possible. Solvents left in an opened bottle
for a long time should not be used. The content may have been changed, absorbed
moisture, or has been contaminated.

Operation Manual Shodex IC SI-36 4D Version 200603E
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• Always use freshly prepared solvents. Solvents stored for a long time may have
changed their compositions and may influence elution patterns and/or damage the
column.
• If using a manually prepared eluent, keep the eluent in a solvent reservoir with a
carbonate trap cartridge.
Note • Use of on-line degasser is recommended.
•It is recommended to set the pump limiter to avoid exceeding the maximum
pressure.
6.4. Column Cleaning
Problems in peak shapes and elution time changes or elevated column pressure etc. are often caused
by insoluble or adsorbing components present in the eluent and reagents being deposited inside the
column. These problems may be resolved by cleaning the column.
If a guard column is used with the analytical column, first remove the guard column and check the
performance of the analytical column alone. If the problem is solved, most likely the cause is from the
guard column. In this case, clean the guard column.
If the problem is not solved by removing the guard column, clean both guard and analytical columns.
Make sure to clean the guard and the analytical columns separately. When washing the column, let
the washing solution flow from the column outlet go directly into the waste container and not let the
solution go through the detector.
<Cleaning Method>
(1) Insoluble components that block the column inlet may be removed by reversing the flow direction,
i.e., introducing the eluent from the column outlet, with flow rate at less than half of the recommended
flow rate.
(2) Follow below cleaning steps for adsorbing components. For an efficient cleaning, reverse the flow
direction and use the flow rate at 0.35 mL/min.
Method 1: Adsorption of hydrophilic compounds
Washing Solution
Cleaning Time
1
H2O
25 min
2
100 mM KOH or NaOH aq. solution
100 min
3
H2O
25 min
4
Eluent
100 min
Method 2: Adsorption of metal ions or in case Method 1 did not work
Washing Solution
Cleaning Time
1
H2O
25 min
2
H2O/CH3CN = 95/5
20 min
3
CH3CN
100 min
4
H2O
50 min
5
Eluent
100 min
7. Column Storage
If preferred to store the column with the eluent used, remove the column from the system, securely
tighten the end caps and store the column in a refrigerator. Alternatively, if preferred to store the
column at a room temperature, replace the in-column solvent with the shipping solvent. Then, remove
the column from the system, securely tighten the end caps and store the column at a location with
stable temperature (a cool and dark space is recommended). Refer to section 6.3 Eluents for how to
replace the eluent.

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Attention! • Never allow inside of the column to dry. It can damage the column.
•When replacing the in-column solvent with shipping solvent, detach the suppressor
before introducing the shipping solvent to the column.
•When reusing the column stored in a refrigerator, first wait for the column
temperature to be ambient, and then remove the end caps and install the column on
the system.
8. Column Inspection
Inspection method is described in the Certificate of Analysis (CoA).
Theoretical Plate Number (N) and Asymmetry Factor (Fas) were calculated using the below equations.
(1) Theoretical Plate Number (N)
(2) Asymmetry Factor (Fas)
9. Additional Warnings
(1) Do not remove end fittings.
(2) Do not make a strong impact on the column. Do not drop or hit the column on a hard surface.
Refer to the Shodex website (www.shodex.de) for product details and their applications.
For additional assistance, contact the distributor from whom you purchased the column or contact
your regional Shodex support office.

Operation Manual Shodex IC SI-36 4D Version 200603E
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10. Warranty (Version 4)
(1) Showa Denko K.K. warrants that the Shodex™product, at the time of delivery to the user, will
conform to the specification of the attached CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS, if the Shodex product is used
in accordance with the attached operating manual. The foregoing warranty is exclusive and is in lieu
of all other warranties with respect to the Shodex product, whether written, oral, implied, statutory or
otherwise. No warranties by Showa Denko K.K. are implied or otherwise created, including, but not
limited to, the warranty of merchantability and fitness for particular purposes.
(2) Any claim of inconformity to the specification must be notified to Showa Denko K.K. within ten (10)
days after delivery to the user. User’s exclusive remedy and Showa Denko K.K.‘s exclusive liability for
such claim are limited to the replacement of the Shodex product in question. In no event is Showa
Denko K.K. liable for any indirect, incidental or consequential damage arising out of in connection with
the Shodex Column, whether or not such damage is allegedly based on breach of warranty, negligence
or otherwise.
(3) No warranty is made in any of the following cases:
3-1 If the Shodex product is not used in accordance with the operating manual
3-2 If the Shodex product is remodelled by anyone other than person or firm designated by Showa
Denko K.K.
3-3 If the Shodex product is disposed of
3-4 If the Shodex product is resold by the user without giving prior written notice to Showa Denko K.K.
3-5 If the performance of the Shodex product is not conform to the specification of the attached
CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS due to any of the reasons below:
a) Computer virus
b) Impurities contained in the sample, reagent, gas air or cooling water provided by the user
c) Breakdown or malfunction of equipment, apparatus or component used in combination with the
Shodex product
d) Force majeure such as fire, earthquake, flood, other natural disaster, crime, riot, act of terrorism,
war or radioactive contamination
(4) In no event is Showa Denko K.K. liable for
4-1 the results of analyses or preparations using the Shodex product or any portion of the same,
including, but not limited to, the reliability, accuracy, efficacy and safety of said results, and
4-2 the occupational hazard in the use of the Shodex product, whether or not such use is made in
accordance with the attached Conditions for use.
(5) The Shodex Column is for laboratory use only. It must not be used for clinical diagnosis. Showa
Denko K.K. is not liable for any use of the Shodex product except laboratory use.