SMA Sunny Island 4248U Manual

SI4248U Installation Guide
i
SOLARTECHNOLOGY
Battery Inverter/Charger
for Stand-Alone Applications
Sunny Island 4248U
Installation & Operating Instructions

SI4248U Installation Guide
ii

SI4248U Installation Guide
iii
Copyright © 2004 SMA America, Inc. All rights reserved.
All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photographic, magnetic or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SMA
America, Inc.
SMA America makes no representations, express or implied, with respect to this
documentation or any of the equipment and/or software it may describe, including
(with no limitation) any implied warranties of utility, merchantability or fitness for any
particular purpose. All such warranties are expressly disclaimed. Neither SMA America
nor its distributors or dealers shall be liable for any indirect, incidental or consequential
damages under any circumstances.
(The exclusion of implied warranties may not apply in all cases under some statutes, and
thus the above exclusion may not apply.)
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Every attempt has been made to
make this document complete, accurate and up-to-date. Readers are cautioned,
however, that SMA America reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall
not be responsible for any damages, including indirect, incidental or consequential
damages, caused by reliance on the material presented, including, but not limited to,
omissions, typographical errors, arithmetical errors or listing errors in the content
material.
SMA America, Incorporated
12438-C Loma Rica Drive
Grass Valley, California 95945
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
www.sma-america.com
Revision History
Rev.
No.
Date By Description
0.1 Feb. 2, 2004 Jeffrey Philpott Alpha draft
1.0 Sept. 24, 2004 Jeffrey Philpott Preliminary Release
1.1 Feb. 25, 2005 Yvonne Siebert New chapter: “Split-phase“

SI4248U Installation Guide
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IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
*SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS*
This manual contains important instructions for the Sunny Island SI4248U that must be followed
during the installation, operating and maintenance of the inverter.
The Sunny Island 4248U is designed and tested according to international safety requirements,
but as with all electrical and electronic equipment, certain precautions must be observed when
installing and/or operating the Sunny Island 4248U. To reduce the risk of personal injury and
to ensure the safe installation and operation of the Sunny Island 4248U, you must carefully
read and follow all instructions and warnings in this Installation Guide.
Safety and Hazard Symbols
This symbol is used to call attention to important information that you must have
when installing and/or operating the Sunny Island 4248U. Failure to read and
follow instructions marked with this symbol could result in serious injury and/or
damage to the equipment.
This symbol appears beside instructions and warnings that deal with dangerous
voltages that can injure people who come in contact with them.
Warnings
WARNING: A Warning describes a hazard to equipment or personnel. It calls
attention to a procedure or practice, which, if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the SMA equipment
and/or other equipment connected to the SMA equipment or personal injury.
Warnings may also be accompanied by one or more of the safety and hazard symbols
described above to indicate the type of hazard described therein.
Other Symbols
In addition to the safety and hazard symbols described previously, the following symbol is also
used in this Installation Guide:
This symbol accompanies notes that call attention to supplementary information
that you should know to ensure optimal operation of the system.

SI4248U Installation Guide
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Warranty
All Sunny Island 4248U inverters sold in the USA have a five-year warranty, as indicated on
the warranty card included in the shipping container. For warranty coverage, or if you have
questions about the Sunny Island 4248U warranty, contact SMA America at the address,
telephone number or Web site listed on page iii (to send E-mail, see the Contact section of the
SMA America Web site: www.sma-america.com).
WARNING: All electrical installation must be done by qualified personnel and
in accordance with the National Electrical Code ANSI/NFPA 70, local
building codes and the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction.
WARNING: The Sunny Island 4248U contains no user serviceable parts.
Always contact an SMA authorized service center for repairs and
maintenance.
WARNING: Other than the cooling fans, the Sunny Island 4248U contains no
user-serviceable parts. Always contact an SMA authorized Service Center for
repairs and maintenance other than those detailed in this manual.
WARNING: Before installing or using the Sunny Island 4248U, read all of the
instructions and warnings on the Sunny Island 4248U and in this Installation
Guide.
WARNING: Do NOT connect the AC OUPUT of the Sunny Island 4248U to the
utility grid. Doing so will damage the inverter and void the warranty.
WARNING: The Sunny Island 4248U is designed for use in Negative Ground
DC systems only.
WARNING: Always wait a minimum of 5 minutes for any stored potentials in
the Sunny Island 4248U to discharge completely before opening the
enclosure.
WARNING: This device is not intended for use with emergency systems or
essential equipment such as fire pumps, operating room or life support
equipment. See NEC 700/701.

SI4248U Installation Guide
vi

SI4248U Installation Guide
Installation Manual
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Conductor Types and Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Wiring Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Split-Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Sunny Boy Set Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Sunny Island 4248U Menu Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Installer Level Menu Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Diagnose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Battery Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island . . . . . . . 57
Generator and Load Shedding control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
How to set up State of Charge Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
User Manual
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
User Interface Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Sunny Island Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Off-Grid / Stand Alone Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Back-Up Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
User Interface Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Changing Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
How Information is Displayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Home Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Sunny Island 4248U User Menu Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
User Menu Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Diagnose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Start Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

SI4248U Installation
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Battery Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island . . . . . . . 83

SI4248U Manual Installation Manual
1
Section 1:
Installation Manual
Introduction
Features
Congratulations! You’ve purchased the finest inverter/charger available today. Over twenty
years of inverter manufacturing experience has gone into the design of the Sunny Island
4248U. As a result, the Sunny Island 4248U represents state-of-the-art technology, high
reliability and overall ease of use, all the things you’ve come to expect from SMA, the industry
leader in inverter manufacturing. Some of the features included are:
• Optimized for high ambient temperature operation
• Very high efficiency
• Integrated DC breaker
• Near silent operation
• Non-volatile memory
• Compatible with all Sunny Boy and SMA Control products
• Advanced battery management system
• Sealed electronics compartment
• Generator overload protection
• Generator reactive power compensation
Figure 1-1 Sunny Island 4248U System Block Diagram
Optional
GenMan
Main
Service Panel
Secondary
Panel
Critical Loads
Internal
Gen/Grid
Iso-Relay
OR
Loads
Generator Utility Grid
Bi-directional Inverter
Sunny Boy
AC Input
AC Coupling on Output Side
DC Input
Windy Boy Load - Shed
Relay

Introduction SI4248U Manual
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Code Compliance
The Sunny Island 4248U has been tested and listed by ETL to meet the requirements of UL 1741
Static Inverters and Charge Controllers for use in Photovoltaic Power Systems. The Sunny
Island 4248U also meets all RFI/EMI requirements of FCC Part 15, part b.
Specifications
DC Nominal Voltage 48 V DC
DC Input Voltage Range
(With Full Power Output)
43 to 63 V DC
DC Maximum Output Voltage 63 V DC (67 V DC for max. 100 ms)
DC Minimum Output Voltage 41 V DC
AC Nominal Output Voltage 120 V AC
AC Maximum Input Voltage 150 V AC
AC Minimum Input Voltage 80 V AC
THD of Output Voltage < 3 %
AC Nominal Output Frequency 60 Hz
AC Maximum Input Frequency 66 Hz
AC Minimum Input Frequency 54 Hz
AC Maximum Input Current
(Battery Charging)
40 A @ 77 °F (25 °C)
28 A @ 113 °F (45 °C)
DC Maximum Charge Current 100 A
AC Maximum Continuous Out-
put Current
35 A @ 77 °F (25 °C)
AC Maximum Pass-Through Cur-
rent
56 A
Idle Power Consumption approx. 22 W
Standby Power Consumption approx. 4 W
Enclosure NEMA 1(Indoor Installation) / IP30
Weight 86 lbs. (39 kg)
Dimensions H 23 x W 15.25 x D 8.75 inches
Operating Temperature -4 to +113 °F (-20 to +45 °C)
Cooling Low noise temperature controlled fan