ST STEVAL-IHM017V1 User manual

April 2008 Rev 1 1/39
UM0522
User manual
100 W 3-phase inverter for BLDC sensorless motor
evaluation board
Introduction
The 100 W 3-phase inverter for the BLDC sensorless motor evalaluation board (for brevity
also referred with its order code STEVAL-IHM017V1) is a complete development platform
for BLDC sensorless motor application with nominal power up to 100 W. It is based on a
cost-effective, flexible and open design, including a three-phase inverter bridge based on
the STD5NK52ZD-1 Power MOSFET in IPAK package and an ST7MC 8-bit microcontroller
with 16 Kbyte internal Flash memory.
The system has been designed to drive a three-phase brushless motor with permanent
magnet rotor exploiting trapezoidal sensorless control.
The STEVAL-IHM017V1 features complete hardware for developing motor control
applications based on ST7MC peripherals including motor control peripheral (MTC). The
STEVAL-IHM017V1 uses an in-circuit communication (ICC) standard interface to connect to
the host PC via In-circuit debuggers/programmers such as the inDART-STX board from
Softec. The board is designed to support 230 Vac of bus voltage up to 100 W of input power.
It also includes a power supply stage with VIPer12A-E as the buck converter to generate
voltage reference for the driver and the microcontroller.
Figure 1. STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board
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Contents UM0522
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Contents
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 System architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Safety and operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Evaluation board intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Evaluation board installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4 Electronic connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.5 Evaluation board operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1 Main features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5 STD5NK52ZD-1 characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6 Board electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7 Board architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.1 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.2 Power stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7.3 ICC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.4 Board schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8 Motor control operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.1 Environmental considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.2 Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.3 Software requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.3.1 Installing the software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
STEVAL-IHM017V1 - GUI installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
3rd party software installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Installation note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
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UM0522 Contents
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8.4 Board setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.5 Firmware description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.6 Configuring the firmware using GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.7 Motor type selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.8 "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.9 “3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8.10 Changing the maximum current allowed by GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.11 Compiling the firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.12 Programming firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8.13 Setup option byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
8.14 Board connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
8.15 Changing the maximum current level allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
8.16 Driving the BLDC motor (trapezoidal - sensorless) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8.17 LED behavior after power-on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8.18 Potentiometers functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
9 Bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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List of figures UM0522
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List of figures
Figure 1. STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2. Motor control system architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 3. STD5NK52ZD-1, package and internal schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 4. Board architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 5. Power supply architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 6. Gate driving network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 7. Board layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 8. ICC connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 9. Board schematic - control block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 10. Board schematic - power block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 11. STVD7 for InDART-STX toolset configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 12. Motor type choice window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 13. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" settings basic parameters window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 14. “3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced parameters window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 15. ST7VD active project configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 16. System setup for programming phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 17. Option byte settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 18. Programming option auto window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 19. System setup for running phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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UM0522 List of tables
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List of tables
Table 1. ST7FMC2S4T6 functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 3. Board electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 4. Configuration “.h” files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 5. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" basic parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 6. "3-phase BLAC/DC (trapezoidal)" advanced parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 7. Potentiometer functionality based on open/closed loop driving strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table 8. Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table 9. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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Overview UM0522
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1 Overview
1.1 Features
●Input voltage 220 - 230 Vac
●Maximum power 100 W
●Power MOSFET STD5NK52ZD-1 - 4.4 A 520 V included
●15 V auxiliary power supply connector
●Programming and debug support via 10-pin ICC connector
●Three potentiometers for runtime settings
●Start/stop button
●Reset button
1.2 Applications
●Refrigerator compressors
●Dishwasher pumps
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UM0522 System architecture
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2 System architecture
A generic motor control system can be basically schematized as the arrangement of four
main blocks (see Figure 2):
●A control block whose main tasks are to accept user command and motor drive
configuration parameters and to provide digital signals to implement the proper motor
driving strategy
●A power block that makes a power conversion from DC bus transferring it into the motor
by means of a three-phase inverter topology
●The motor itself. The STEVAL-IHM017V1 board is able to drive a three-phase
brushless motor with permanent magnet rotor exploiting trapezoidal sensorless control.
●The power supply block is able to accept 230 Vac input voltage and provide the proper
levels to supply both the control block and power block devices.
Figure 2. Motor control system architecture
The system proposed by STEVAL-IHM017V1 includes all the above hardware blocks (apart
the motor) plus a software GUI that allows configuring the motor drive. Moreover, an open
source C code is available, derived from the ST7MC motor control libraries, allowing easy
customization and extension of control algorithms. The core of the control block is
constituted of an ST7MC MCU that provides the driving signals to the power block according
to a driving strategy, the latter one closely related to the motor type and characteristics.
Driving signals are constituted of 3 complementary PWM signals (in the range of 0-5 V) for
providing logic inputs for high/low side gate driver belonging to the power block. In the
system proposed, three legs are present (3-phase inverter). The power block, based on the
gate drivers L6386 and Power MOSFET (STD5NK52ZD-1), converts the control signals
from ST7MC MCU to power signals for the three phase inverter in order to drive the motor.
The board can be supplied by an AC power supply of 230Vac with a maximum input power
of 100 W. Please refer to Section 7: Board architecture on page 14 for more details on
system architecture.
With the included Power MOSFET device STD5NK52ZD-1, the maximum rating of rectified
voltage is 520 V and the maximum continuous current is 4.4 A at 25°C.
Control
Block
Power
Block
Power
Supply Motor
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Safety and operating instructions UM0522
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3 Safety and operating instructions
3.1 General
Warning: During assembly and operation, STEVAL-IHM017V1
evaluation board poses several inherent hazards, including
bare wires, moving or rotating parts, and hot surfaces. There
is danger of serious personal injury and damage to property,
if the kit or its components are improperly used or installed
incorrectly.
All operations involving transportation, installation and use, as well as maintenance are to
be carried out by skilled technical personnel (national accident prevention rules must be
observed). For the purposes of these basic safety instructions, "skilled technical personnel"
are suitably qualified people who are familiar with the installation, use, and maintenance of
power electronic systems.
3.2 Evaluation board intended use
The STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board is a component designed for demonstration
purposes only, and shall not be used for electrical installation or machinery. The technical
data as well as information concerning the power supply conditions shall be taken from the
documentation and strictly observed.
3.3 Evaluation board installation
The installation and cooling of the demonstration kit boards shall be in accordance with the
specifications and the targeted application (see Section 8: Motor control operations on
page 19).
The motor drive converters shall be protected against excessive strain. In particular, no
components are to be bent, or isolating distances altered during the course of transportation
or handling.
No contact shall be made with other electronic components and contacts.
The boards contain electrostatically sensitive components that are prone to damage through
improper use. Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed (to
avoid potential health risks).
3.4 Electronic connections
Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the main
power supply with a motor drive. The electrical installation shall be completed in accordance
with the appropriate requirements (e.g., cross-sectional areas of conductors, fusing, PE
connections; for further information, see Section 8: Motor control operations on page 19).
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UM0522 Safety and operating instructions
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3.5 Evaluation board operation
A system architecture which supplies power to the STEVAL-IHM017V1 evaluation board
shall be equipped with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the
applicable safety requirements (e.g., compliance with technical equipment and accident
prevention rules).
Warning: Do not touch the board after disconnection from the voltage
supply, as several parts and power terminals which contain
possibly energized capacitors need to be allowed to
discharge.
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ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions UM0522
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4 ST7FMC2S4T6 microcontroller functions
4.1 Main features
●TQFP44 package
●16 Kbyte dual voltage Flash program memory with read-out protection capability
●768 bytes RAM (256 stack bytes)
●Clock, reset and supply management with:
– enhanced reset system
– enhanced low voltage supervisor (LVD) for mains supply and auxiliary voltage
detector (AVD) with interrupt capability
– clock sources: crystal/ceramic resonator oscillators and bypass for external clock,
clock security system
– four power-saving modes: halt, active-halt, wait and slow
●Configurable window watchdog timer
●Nested interrupt controller with 14 interrupt vectors
●Two 16-bit timers
●One 8-bit auto-reload timer
●Serial peripheral interface (SPI) (not used in this evaluation board)
●Serial communication interface (LINSCI™) (not used in this evaluation board)
●Motor controller (MTC) peripheral with:
– 6 high sink pulse width modulator (PWM) output channels
– asynchronous emergency stop
– analog inputs for rotor position detection
– permanent magnet motor coprocessor including: multiplier, programmable filters,
blanking windows and event counters
– Operational amplifier and comparator for current limitation
●10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with 11 inputs
●In-circuit communication interface (ICC, debug)
Table 1. ST7FMC2S4T6 functions
Function I/O name Description
(depends on embedded software)
MTC
MCO0 PWM outputs high side phase A
MCO1 PWM outputs low side phase A
MCO2 PWM outputs high side phase B
MCO3 PWM outputs low side phase B
MCO4 PWM outputs high side phase C
MCO5 PWM outputs low side phase C
MCIA, MCIB, MCIC Analog or digital input for position sensor or
B.E.M.F. detection
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