ST STEVAL-IPMnM1S User manual

Introduction
The STEVAL-IPMnM1S is a compact motor drive power board based on SLLIMM-nano SMD (small low-loss intelligent molded
module) product (STIPNS1M50T-H). It provides an affordable and easy-to-use solution for driving high power motors in a wide
range of applications such as power white goods, air conditioning, compressors, power fans and 3-phase inverters for motor
drives in general.
The IPM itself consists of six MOSFETs, three high voltage half-bridge gate driver ICs and a wide range of features like
undervoltage lockout, smart shutdown, internal temperature sensor and NTC, overcurrent protection and internal op-amp.
The main characteristics of this evaluation board are small size, minimal BOM and high efficiency. It features an interface circuit
(BUS and VCC connectors), bootstrap capacitors, snubber capacitor, hardware short-circuit protection, fault event signal and
temperature monitoring. It is designed to work in single- or three-shunt configuration and with triple current sensing options:
three dedicated on-board op-amps, op-amps embedded on MCU or single internal IPM op-amp. The Hall/Encoder part
completes the circuit.
The system is designed to achieve accurate and fast conditioning of current feedback to satisfy the typical requirements for field
oriented control (FOC).
The STEVAL-IPMnM1S is compatible with ST’s control board based on STM32, providing a complete platform for motor control.
Figure 1. Motor control board (top view) based on SLLIMM-nano SMD
STEVAL-IPMnM1S motor control power board based on the SLLIMM™-nano
SMD of MOSFET IPMs
UM2467
User manual
UM2467 - Rev 1 - September 2018
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com

1General safety instructions
Danger:
The evaluation board works with high voltage which could be deadly for the users. Furthermore all
circuits on the board are not isolated from the line input. Due to the high power density, the
components on the board as well as the heat sink can be heated to a very high temperature,
which can cause a burning risk when touched directly. This board is intended for use by
experienced power electronics professionals who understand the precautions that must be taken
to ensure that no danger or risk may occur while operating this board.
Caution: After the operation of the evaluation board, the bulk capacitor C1 (if used) may still store a high energy for
several minutes. So it must be first discharged before any direct touching of the board.
Important:
To protect the bulk capacitor C1, we strongly recommended using an external brake chopper after C1 (to discharge the high
brake current back from the induction motor).
UM2467
General safety instructions
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 2/30

2Key features
• Input voltage: from 125 to 400 VDC
• Nominal power: up to 60 W
• Nominal current: up to 0.6 A
• Input auxiliary voltage: up to 20 VDC
• Single- or three-shunt resistors for current sensing (with sensing network)
• Three options for current sensing: dedicated external op-amps, internal SLLIMM-nano SMD op-amp (single)
or via MCU
• Overcurrent hardware protection
• IPM temperature monitoring and protection
• Hall sensor or encoder input
• MOSFETs intelligent power module:
– SLLIMM-nano IPM (STIPNS1M50T-H) - SMD package
• Motor control connector (32 pins) interfacing with ST MCU boards
• Universal design for further evaluation with breadboard and testing pins
• Very compact size
• WEEE compliant
• RoHS compliant
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Key features
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 3/30

3Circuit schematics
The full schematics for the SLLIMM-nano SMD card for STIPNS1M50T-H IPM products is shown below. This card
consists of an interface circuit (BUS and VCC connectors), bootstrap capacitors, snubber capacitor, short-circuit
protection, fault output circuit, temperature monitoring, single-/three-shunt resistors and filters for input signals. It
also includes bypass capacitors for VCC and bootstrap capacitors. The capacitors are located very close to the
drive IC to avoid malfunction due to noise.
Three current sensing options are provided: three dedicated onboard op-amps, one internal IPM op-amp and the
embedded MCU op-amps; selection is performed through three jumpers.
The Hall/Encoder section (powered at 5 V or 3.3 V) completes the circuit.
3.1 Schematic diagrams
Figure 2. STEVAL-IPMnM1S - circuit schematic (1 of 5)
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Circuit schematics
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 4/30

Figure 3. STEVAL-IPMnM1S - circuit schematic (2 of 5)
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Schematic diagrams
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 5/30

Figure 4. STEVAL-IPMnM1S - circuit schematic (3 of 5)
D2
LED Red
R
6
4
D9
00
0B
Phase C - input
P
P
R
R9
0
0
0 0
OP
9
0p 0p
R10
0P4
P3
P2
8
P
Phase B - input
Phase A - input
PB
PB
R8 1k0
R14 1k0 0
0p 0p
4
R19 1k0
PA
A
P
P
PP
R13 1k0 6
0p 0p
R15 1k0
R
8
4
P0
P
P
P
4
P
P
P
6
P8
nano OP+
nano OPOUT
nano OP-
4
6
8
9
0
4
6
STIPNS1M50T-H
IPM module
D
D/OD
OP+
OPOUT
OP-
D/OD1
O
6
4
boo
O
boo
O
boo
P
P
D8
0B
TP19
TP10
TP13
D7
0B
6
0
TP18
9
8
D6
TP9
0B
B
TP17
0400V
D3
D4
D5
R16 R17 R18
0.68 1W 0.68 1W 0.68 1W
1_SHUNT 1_SHUNT
6TP16
TP11
8
phase _A
phase _B
phase _C
3_SHUNT
3_SHUNT
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Schematic diagrams
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 6/30

Figure 5. STEVAL-IPMnM1S - circuit schematic (4 of 5)
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Schematic diagrams
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 7/30

Figure 6. STEVAL-IPMnM1S - circuit schematic (5 of 5)
Hall/Encoder
M_phase_A
M_phase_C
M_phase_B
3.3V
+5V
3.3V
+5V
R42
4k7
R392k4
J5
Encoder/Hall
11
22
33
44
55
SW12
C37
10p
SW15
C34
100n
SW13
SW10
R40
4k7
SW9
1
2
3
R34
4k7
R41
4k7
R35
4k7
C33
100n
C35
10p
R372k4
SW14
R382k4
C32
100n
SW16
1
2
3
R36
4k7
SW11
C36
10p
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Schematic diagrams
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 8/30

4Main characteristics
The board is designed for a 125 VDC to 400 VDC supply voltage.
An appropriate bulk capacitor for the power level of the application must be mounted at the dedicated position on
the board.
The SLLIMM-nano SMD integrates six MOSFET switches with freewheeling diodes and high voltage gate drivers.
Thanks to this integrated module, the system offers power inversion in a simple and compact design that requires
less PCB area and increases reliability.
The board offers the added flexibility of being able to operate in single- or three-shunt configuration by modifying
solder bridge jumper settings (see Section 5.3.4 Single- or three-shunt selection).
Figure 7. STEVAL-IPMnM1S architecture
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Main characteristics
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 9/30

5Filters and key parameters
5.1 Input signals
The input signals (LINx and HINx) to drive the internal MOSFETs are active high. A 375 kΩ (typ.) pull-down
resistor is built-in for each input signal. To prevent input signal oscillation, an RC filter is added on each input as
close as possible to the IPM. The filter is designed using a time constant of 10 ns (1 kΩ and 10 pF).
5.2 Bootstrap capacitor
In the 3-phase inverter, the emitters of the low side MOSFETs are connected to the negative DC bus (VDC-) as
common reference ground, which allows all low side gate drivers to share the same power supply, while the
emitter of the high side MOSFETs is alternatively connected to the positive (VDC+) and negative (VDC-) DC bus
during running conditions.
A bootstrap method is a simple and cheap solution to supply the high voltage section. This function is normally
accomplished by a high voltage fast recovery diode. The SLLIMM-nano SMD MOSFET-based family includes a
patented integrated structure that replaces the external diode with a high voltage DMOS functioning as a diode
with series resistor. An internal charge pump provides the DMOS driving voltage.
The value of the CBOOT capacitor should be calculated according to the application requirements.
Figure 8. CBOOT graph selection shows the behavior of CBOOT (calculated) versus switching frequency (fsw), with
different values of ∆VCBOOT for a continuous sinusoidal modulation and a duty cycle δ = 50%.
Note: This curve is taken from application note AN4840 (available on www.st.com); calculations are based on the
STGIP5C60T-Hyy device, which represents the worst case scenario for this kind of calculation.
The boot capacitor must be two or three times larger than the CBOOT calculated in the graph.
For this design, a value of 2.2 µF was selected.
Figure 8. CBOOT graph selection
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Filters and key parameters
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 10/30

5.3 Overcurrent protection
The SLLIMM-nano SMD MOSFET-based integrates a comparator for fault sensing purposes. The comparator has
an internal voltage reference VREF (540 mV typ.) connected to the inverting input, while the non-inverting input on
the CIN pin can be connected to an external shunt resistor to implement the overcurrent protection function.
When the comparator triggers, the device enters the shutdown state.
The comparator output is connected to the SD pin in order to send the fault message to the MCU.
5.3.1 SD pin
The SD is an input/output pin (open drain type if used as output) used for enable and fault; it is shared with NTC
thermistor, internally connected to GND.
The pull-up resistor (R10) causes the voltage VSD-GND to decrease as the temperature increases. To maintain
the voltage above the high-level logic threshold, the pull-up resistor is sized at 1 kΩ (3.3 V MCU power supply).
The filter on SD (R10 and C18) must be sized to obtain the desired re-starting time after a fault event and placed
as close as possible to the pin.
A shutdown event can be managed by the MCU; in which case, the SD functions as the input pin.
Conversely, the SD functions as an output pin when an overcurrent or undervoltage condition is detected.
5.3.2 Shunt resistor selection
The value of the shunt resistor is calculated by the following equation:
Equation 1
RSH =Vref
IOC (1)
Where Vref is the internal comparator (CIN) (0.54 V typ.) and IOC is the overcurrent threshold detection level.
The maximum OC protection level should be set to less than the pulsed collector current in the datasheet. In this
design the over current threshold level was fixed at IOC = 1.3 A in order to select a commercial shunt resistor
value.
Equation 2
RSH=
Vref ∙R15 + R11
R11 +VF
IOC =
0.54 ∙1000 + 4700
4700 + 0.18
1.3 = 0.64Ω(2)
Where VF is the voltage drop across diodes D3, D4 and D5.
For the power rating of the shunt resistor, the following parameters must be considered:
• Maximum load current of inverter (85% of Inom [Arms]): Iload(max).
•Shunt resistor value at TC = 25 °C.
• Power derating ratio of shunt resistor at TSH =100 °C
• Safety margin.
The power rating is calculated by following equation:
Equation 3
PSH=1
2∙Iloadmax
2∙RSH∙ margin
Deratingratio (3)
For the STIPNS1M50T-H, where RSH = 0.68 Ω:
•Inom =1AInom rms =Inom
2Iloadmax = 85%
Inom rms = 0.6Arms
(4)
• Power derating ratio of shunt resistor at TSH = 100 °C: 80% (from datasheet manufacturer)
•Safety margin: 30%
Equation 4
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Overcurrent protection
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 11/30

PSH =1
2∙0.62∙0.68 ∙1.3 0.8 = 0.2W(5)
Considering available commercial values, a 1 W shunt resistor was selected.
Based on the previous equations and conditions, the minimum shunt resistance and power rating is summarized
below.
Table 1. Shunt selection
Device Inom (peak) [A] OCP(peak) [A] Iload(max)
[Arms]
RSHUNT [Ω] Minimum shunt power rating PSH [W]
STIPNS1M50T-H 1 1.3 0.6 0.68 0.2
5.3.3 CIN RC filter
An RC filter network on the CIN pin is required to prevent short-circuits due to the noise on the shunt resistor. In
this design, the R15-C8 RC filter has a constant time of about 1 µs.
5.3.4 Single- or three-shunt selection
Single- or three-shunt resistor circuits can be adopted by setting the solder bridges SW5, SW6, SW7 and SW8.
The figures below illustrate how to set up the two configurations.
Figure 9. One-shunt configuration
Figure 10. Three-shunt configuration
Further details regarding sensing configuration are provided in the next section.
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Overcurrent protection
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 12/30

6Current sensing amplifying network
The STEVAL-IPMnM1S motor control demonstration board can be configured to run in three-shunt or single-shunt
configurations for field oriented control (FOC).
The current can be sensed thanks to the shunt resistor and amplified by using the on-board operational amplifiers
or by the MCU (if equipped with op-amp).
Once the shunt configuration is chosen by setting solder bridge on SW5, SW6, SW7 and SW8 (as described in
Section 5.3.4 Single- or three-shunt selection), the user can choose whether to send the voltage shunt to the
MCU amplified or not amplified.
Single-shunt configuration requires a single op amp so the only voltage sent to the MCU to control the sensing is
connected to phase V through SW2.
SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW17 can be configured to select which signals are sent to the microcontroller, as per the
following table.
Table 2. Op-amp sensing configuration
Configuration Sensing Bridge (SW1) Bridge (SW2) Bridge (SW3) Bridge (SW17)
Single Shunt
IPM op-amp open 1-2 open 2-3
On board op-amp open 1-2 open 1-2
MCU op-amp open 2-3 open 1-2
Three Shunt
On board op-amp 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2
MCU op-amp 2-3 2-3 2-3 1-2
The operational amplifier TSV994 used on the amplifying networks has a 20 MHz gain bandwidth from a single
positive supply of 3.3 V.
The amplification network must allow bidirectional current sensing, so an output offset VO = +1.65 V represents
zero current.
For the STIPNS1M50T-H (IOCP = 1.3 A; RSHUNT = 0.68 Ω), the maximum measurable phase current, considering
that the output swings from +1.65 V to +3.3 V (MCU supply voltage) for positive currents and from +1.65 V to 0 for
negative currents is:
Equation 5
MaxMeasCurrent = ∆ V
rm= 1.3A(6)
rm=∆ V
MaxMeasCurrent =1.65 1.3 =1.27Ω(7)
The overall trans-resistance of the two-port network is:
rm= RSHUNT ∙AMP = 0.68 ∙ AMP = 1.27Ω (8)
AMP =  rm
RSHUNT=1.27
0.68 =1.87 (9)
Finally choosing Ra=Rb and Rc=Rd, the differential gain of the circuit is:
AMP=  Rc
Ra=1.9 (10)
An amplification gain of 1.9 was chosen. The same amplification is obtained for all the other devices, taking into
account the OCP current and the shunt resistance, as described in Table 1.
The RC filter for output amplification is designed to have a time constant that matches noise parameters in the
range of 1.5 µs:
4∙τ=4 ∙Re∙ Cc= 1.5μs (11)
Cc=  1.5µs
4∙1000 =375pF330pFselected (12)
UM2467
Current sensing amplifying network
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 13/30

Table 3. Amplifying networks
Phase
Amplifying network RC filter
Ra Rb Rc Rd Re Cc
Phase A (U) R21 R23 R20 R24 R22 C25
Phase B (V) R26 R27 R25 R29 R43 C29
Phase C (W) R30 R32 R28 R33 R31 C31
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Current sensing amplifying network
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 14/30

7Temperature monitoring
The SLLIMM-nano SMD MOSFET family integrates an NTC thermistor placed close to the power stage. The
board is designed to use it in sharing with the SD pin. Monitoring can be enabled and disabled via the SW4
switch.
7.1 NTC Thermistor
The built-in thermistor (85 kΩ at 25 °C) is inside the IPM and connected on SD /OD pin2 (shared with the SD
function).
Given the NTC characteristic and the sharing with the SD function, the network is designed to keep the voltage on
this pin higher than the minimum voltage required for the pull up voltage on this pin over the whole temperature
range.
Considering Vbias = 3.3 V, a pull up resistor of 1 kΩ (R10) was used.
The figure below shows the typical voltage on this pin as a function of device temperature.
Figure 11. NTC voltage vs temperature
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
25 50 75 100 125
VSD [V]
Temperature [°C]
Vdd=3.3V
Rsd=1.0kohm
Isd (SD ON)=2.8mA
From/to mC
SD/OD
M1
Smart
shut
down
VBias
RSD
CSD
SLLIMM
NTC
VSD_thL
VSD_thH
VMCU_thH
VMCU_thL
UM2467
Temperature monitoring
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 15/30

8Firmware configuration for STM32 PMSM FOC SDK
The following table summarizes the parameters which customize the latest version of the ST FW motor control
library for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM): STM32 PMSM FOC SDK for this STEVAL-IPMnM1S.
Table 4. ST motor control workbench GUI parameters - STEVAL-IPMnM1S
Block Parameter Value
Over current protection
Comparator threshold Vref ∙R15 + R11
R11 +VF= 0.83V(13)
Overcurrent network offset 0
Overcurrent network gain 0.1 V/A
Bus voltage sensing Bus voltage divider 1/125
Rated bus voltage info
Min rated voltage 125 V
Max rated voltage 400 V
Nominal voltage 325 V
Current sensing
Current reading typology Single- or three-shunt
Shunt resistor value 0.68 Ω
Amplifying network gain 1.9
Command stage
Phase U Driver HS and LS: Active high
Phase V Driver HS and LS: Active high
Phase W Driver HS and LS: Active high
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Firmware configuration for STM32 PMSM FOC SDK
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 16/30

9Connectors, jumpers and test pins
Table 5. Connectors
Connector Description / pinout
J1
Supply connector (DC – 125 V to 400 V)
•Positive +
•Negative -
J2
Motor control connector
1 - emergency stop
3 - PWM-A-H
5 - PWM-A-L
7 - PWM-B-H
9 - PWM-B-L
11 - PWM-C-H
13 - PWM-C-L
15 - current phase A
17 - current phase B
19 - current phase C
21 - NTC bypass relay
23 - dissipative brake PWM
25 - +V power
27- PFC sync.
29 - PWM VREF
31 - measure phase A
33 - measure phase B
2 - GND
4 - GND
6 - GND
8 - GND
10 - GND
12 - GND
14 - HV bus voltage
16 - GND
18 - GND
20 - GND
22 - GND
24 - GND
26 - heat sink temperature
28 - VDD_m
30 - GND
32 - GND
34 - measure phase C
J3
Motor connector
• phase A (U)
•phase B (V)
•phase C (W)
J4
VCC supply (20 VDC max)
•Positive +
•Negative -
J5
Hall sensors / encoder input connector
1. Hall sensors input 1 / encoder A+
2. Hall sensors input 2 / encoder B+
3. Hall sensors input 3 / encoder Z+
4. 3.3 or 5 Vdc
5. GND
Table 6. Jumpers
Jumper Description
SW1
Choose current U to send to control board:
Jumper on 1-2: from amplification
Jumper on 2-3: directly from motor output
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Connectors, jumpers and test pins
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 17/30

Jumper Description
SW2
Choose current V to send to control board
Jumper on 1-2: from amplification
Jumper on 2-3: directly from motor output
SW3
Choose current W to send to control board:
Jumper on 1-2: from amplification
Jumper on 2-3: directly from motor output
SW4 Enable or disable sending temperature information from NTC to microcontroller
SW5, SW6
SW7, SW8
Choose 1-shunt or 3-shunt configuration.
(through solder bridge)
SW5, SW6 closed
SW7, SW8 open one shunt
SW5, SW6 open
SW7, SW8 closed three shunt
SW9, SW16
Choose input power for Hall/Encoder
Jumper on 1-2: 5 V
Jumper on 2-3: 3.3 V
SW10, SW13 Modify phase A hall sensor network
SW11, SW14 Modify phase B hall sensor network
SW12, SW15 Modify phase C hall sensor network
SW17
Choose on-board or IPM op-amp in one shunt configuration
Jumper on 1-2: on-board op-amp
Jumper on 2-3: IPM op-amp
Table 7. Test pins
Test Pin Description
TP1 OUTW
TP2 HINW (high side W control signal input)
TP3 VccW
TP4 SD (shutdown pin)/NTC
TP5 LINW (high side W control signal input)
TP6 OP+
TP7 OPOUT
TP8 OP-
TP9 VbootW
TP10 OUTV
TP11 NV
TP12 HINV (high side V control signal input)
TP13 VbootV
TP14 LINV (high side V control signal input)
TP15 CIN
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Connectors, jumpers and test pins
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 18/30

Test Pin Description
TP16 NU
TP17 NW
TP18 OUTU
TP19 VbootU
TP20 LINU (high side U control signal input)
TP21 Ground
TP22 Ground
TP23 HinU (high side U control signal input)
TP24 Current_A_amp
TP25 Current_B_amp
TP26 Current_C_amp
TP27 Ground
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Connectors, jumpers and test pins
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 19/30

10 Bill of materials
Table 8. STEVAL-IPMnM1S bill of materials
Item Q.ty Ref. Part / Value Description Manufacture
rOrder code
1 - C1 330µF CPCYL_D1400 EPCOS B43501A9337M000
2 4 C2, C22, C26,
C28 10nF 1206 AVX 12065C103KAT2A
3 2 C3, C4 47µF PTH 2-pin any any
4 3 C5, C6, C7 2.2µF 1206 Murata GCM31MR71E225KA57L
5 1 C8 1nF 1206 Kemet C1206C102K5RACTU
6 1 C12 10µF PTH 2-pin any any
7 9
C10, C11, C14,
C15, C16, C19,
C35, C36, C37
10pF 1206 AVX 12061A100JAT2A
8 1 C17 0.1µF 1812 Murata GRM43DR72J104KW01L
9 1 C18 3.3nF 1206 Kemet C1206C332K5RACTU
10 1 C21 4.7µF PTH 2-pin any any
11 3 C24, C27, C30 100pF 1206 Kemet C1206C101J1GACTU
12 3 C25, C29, C31 330pF 1206 AVX 12065A331JAT2A
13 5 C13, C23, C32,
C33, C34 100nF 1206 AVX 12065C104KAZ2A
14 5 D1, D3, D4, D5,
D10 Diode BAT48J SOD323 ST BAT48J
15 1 D2 LED Red PTH 2-pin Ledtech L4RR3000G1EP4
16 4 D6, D7, D8, D9 Diode ZENER SOD123
Fairchild
Semiconduct
or
MMSZ5250B
17 1 J1 Conector 7.62
mm - 2P
PTH 2-pin
p.7,62mm
TE
Connectivity
AMP
Connectors
282845-2
18 1 J2 Connector 34P PTH 34-pin RS -
19 1 J3 Connector 7.62
mm - 3P
PTH 3-pin
p.7,62mm
TE
Connectivity
AMP
Connectors
282845-3
20 1 J4 Conector 5 mm -
2P PTH 2-pin p.5mm Phoenix Contact 1729128
21 1 J5 Connector 2.54
mm - 5P
PTH 5-pin
p.2,54mm RS W81136T3825RC
22 2 R1, R2 470kΩ 1206 any any
23 1 R3 120 Ω 1206 any any
24 1 R4 7.5kΩ 1206 Panasonic ERJP08F7501V
UM2467
Bill of materials
UM2467 - Rev 1 page 20/30