TRENDnet TE100-S14 User manual

TE-100/S14
10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch
100Base-TX and 10Base-T
User’s Guide
First Edition - October 31, 1995
Trademarks

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Copyright  TRENDware
All rights reserved, contents are subject to revision without prior
notice.
TRENDnet  is a registered trademark of TRENDware
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.
Microsoft Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
VT100 is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.
FCC warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used
in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference in which case the user may be required to correct the
interference at his or her own expense.

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Technical support information
TRENDware provides technical support worldwide. In USA, the
BBS number is 1-310-328-8191 (protocol: 14400, 8 N 1).
U.S.A. TEL [phone] FAX [phone]
This Manual
This manual is the user’s reference guide of the TE-100/S14
Switch for connecting the Fast Ethernet 100Base-TX and
Ethernet 10Base-T Local Area Network. It provides detailed
information on the features, functions and installation of this
Switch. It also provides information regarding the network
management and cabling environment in which the Switch will be
installed.

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Contents at a glance:
Chapter 1, Introduction - Provides an overview of the Fast
Ethernet and Switching technology; their use and benefits in the
current and emerging computing and networking environment;
and finally, a brief description of the major feature of the TE-
100/S14 Fast Ethernet Switch.
Chapter 2, Getting Started - Describes the cabling
environment, and the preparation for setting-up and integrating
the TE-100/S14 Switch into a LAN network.
Chapter 3, Configuring the Switch - Details the setup
procedures of the TE-100/S14 Switch to ensure its proper
operation in a network.
Chapter 4, Network Management - Addresses the
information regarding the operation of the TE-100/S14 Switch in
a SNMP network environment.
Chapter 5, Diagnostics - Helps users to understand the
status LED lights of the TE-100/S14 Switch, and to isolate
problem areas that may arise during installation.
The TE-100/S14 Fast Ethernet Switch

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 7
Fast Ethernet Technology 7
Switching technology 8
10/100 Switching technology 9
Benefits of Switching 9
Overview of the TE-100/S14 Ethernet Switch 10
CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION 11
Cabling Requirement and Site Preparation 11
Unpacking and Setup 14
Unpacking 14
Operational Function Description 15
Power on 15
Mounting 16
Connecting network cables 16
Setup 17
Checking Status LED lights 17
CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURING THE SWITCH 19
Introduction 19
RS-232 Port Connection 20
Out-of-Band Management 20
Port Management 24
Spanning Tree Algorithm 25

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CHAPTER 4 NETWORK MANAGEMENT 31
Operating within the SNMP environment 31
Operating without the SNMP environment 31
CHAPTER 5 DIAGNOSTICS 33
Power-On Self Test 33
System Status 34
LAN segment LED Status 34
APPENDICES 35
Appendix A Status LED Indicators 35
System & LAN port Status 35
LAN Segment Status 36
Appendix B Switch Default setting 37
Appendix C RS-232 Pin Specification 38
Appendix D RJ-45 Pin Specification 39
Appendix E Specifications 41
Port Configuration 41
Hardware 42
Index 43

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Chapter 1 Introduction
Fast Ethernet Technology
The growing importance of LANs and the increasing complexity
of desktop computing applications are fueling the needs for high
performance networks. A number of high-speed LAN
technologies are proposed or available to provide greater
bandwidth and improve client/server response times. Among
them, Fast Ethernet, or 100Base-T, provides a non-disruptive,
smooth evolution from the current 10Base-T technology, that by
statistics, is installed in over 70% of LANs worldwide. The non-
disruptive and smooth evolution nature, and the dominating
potential market base, virtually guarantee cost effective and high
performance Fast Ethernet solutions in the years to come.
100Base-T is an IEEE standard for a 100Mbps version of 10Base-
T. As Table Chapter 1 -1 shows, 100Base-T is essentially
10Base-T, only faster. It provides 10 times the performance of
10Base-T for less than twice the price. Like 10Base-T, it uses the
same CSMA/CD access method with a protocol standard proven
by over 70% of installed LANs over the last 20 years.
Except for reducing the “bit time” by a factor of 10 from the
CSMA/CD MAC of the 10Base-T, 100Base-T uses the same
packet format, packet length, error control, and management
information.
As part of the 100Base-T, the media specifications - 100Base-TX,
T4, FX - further enables users to retain their existing cabling
infrastructure while migrating to Fast Ethernet.

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Ethernet Fast Ethernet
Speed 10Mbps 100Mbps
Cost x 2x or less
IEEE Standard CSMA/CD CSMA/CD
Topology Star or Bus Star
Cabling UTP, Coax, Fiber UTP, Fiber
UTP cable supported Category 3,4, or 5 Category 3,4, or 5
UTP max. link distance 100 meters 100 meters
Collision domain
diameter (max. w/ UTP)
500 meters 205 meters
Max. network diameter
(using switches/routers)
Unlimited Unlimited
Media Independent
Interface
Yes (AUI) Yes (MII)
Full duplex cabling Yes Yes
Table Chapter 1 -1, Ethernet vs. Fast Ethernet
Switching technology
Another approach to pushing beyond the limits of Ethernet
technology is the development of the Switching technology. A
switch bridges Ethernet packets at the MAC address level of the
Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or Fast
Ethernet LAN segments.
Switched Ethernet vs. Legacy Ethernet is analogous to using
private telephone lines vs. party lines. Connecting to a switched
port, each Ethernet LAN segment has dynamic full performance
or “wire-speed”. Therefore, a switch effectively splits a physical
shared-access LAN into bridged multiple LAN segments. Each
segment supports a workgroup, or even provides a dedicated
connection to a desktop or server. The result is a multiple fold
boost in total network bandwidth, and more predictable
performance under heavy network load.

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10/100 Switching technology
10/100 Switching is an integral extension of Fast Ethernet. It
provides not only the 100Mbps high-speed “pipe-line” for
carrying aggregated 10Mbps traffic, but also the necessary
bridging between the 10Base-T and 100Base-T MAC formats.
Combining Fast Ethernet and Switching technologies, they
provide bandwidth to satisfy the demand of local workgroups.
They also provide a high-speed link to carry local network traffic
to elsewhere in a network.
Benefits of Switching
From the technical point of view, Ethernet switching technology
dramatically boosts the total bandwidth of a LAN network. It also
puts configuration flexibility and bandwidth adaptability into the
local workgroups where the majority of work load is generated
from a business operation. Switching further eliminates the
congestion problem inherent to the contention oriented Ethernet
CSMA/CD protocol, thereby improving predictable response
times under heavy network load. In the past, this congestion
under heavy load was alleviated by the much more expensive
routing technology.
From the workgroup applications point of view, the new wave of
Object oriented distributed Client/Server applications demands
higher bandwidth and tighter integration of client workstations
with servers. The legacy shared-access 10Mbps Ethernet
technology can no longer provide both bandwidth and predictable
response times to this new generation of workgroup environment.
From economics point of view, Fast Ethernet switching not only
satisfies both technical and business requirements, but also
preserves the existing users’ investment in the huge 10Base-T
Ethernet installed base. This compatibility insures a path for users
to add, change, and migrate to Fast Ethernet as needs arise over

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time. It also provides a less expensive and more flexible
bandwidth solution directly to local workgroups where the
majority of work load is generated, instead of using much more
expensive and management-intensive routers that usually cater to
the backbone network.
Overview of the TE-100/S14 Ethernet
Switch
The TRENDnet TE-100/S14 Ethernet Switch supports:
• One 100Mbps Fast Ethernet (100Base-TX) port and four
10Mbps Ethernet (10Base-T) ports, with each port supporting
dedicated full duplex LAN segments.
• Store-and-forward Ethernet packet switching.
• The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Algorithm for network loop
detection and prevention, and topology re-configuration.
• One RS-232 port allowing local terminal access to
comprehensive setup and management functions.
• The EEPROM (flash memory) implementation allowing in-
field upgrade through the Out-of-Band RS-232 port.
• Comprehensive LED display of the System and individual
LAN segment status.
• Self-test during power on to ensure system integrity.
These features ensure that the TE-100/S14 Switch is suitable for
simple workgroups, and for large networks.

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Chapter 2 Installation
Cabling Requirement and Site Preparation
Due to the scaled-down MAC address slot time, 100Base-T (-TX,
-T4, -FX) has different topology rules than that of 10Base-T.
Figure Chapter 2 -2 n Page 13 illustrates the topology rules of
100Base-T.
The key cabling topology rules are:
• The maximum UTP cable length is 100 meters from an
end-station to a shared-access 100Base-TX hub.
• The maximum number of repeater counts (hops) is two in an
un-bridged all-UTP topology1.
• In a 2-repeater count, all-UTP topology, the maximum
cabling length is 205 meters for end-station / repeater /
repeater / end-station connections.
• In a single-repeater count UTP topology, a fiber cable
(100Base-FX) up to 205 meters can be used to connect
between a repeater and a backbone switch.
• A 400-meter half-duplex fiber cable is allowed for a MAC to
MAC connection (switch-to-switch).
The TE-100/S14 Switch fits into the 100Base-T cabling
architecture as an UTP end-station connecting to a 100Base-TX
cabling network. Therefore, the 100m UTP end-station
connection distance should be the only limitation in configuring
1A single or a stacked 100Mbps hub is counted as one repeater. A
switch or a 10Base-T hub is not counted as a repeater, and is treated as
an end-station when applying the topology rules.

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the TE-100/S14 Switch under the 100Base-T cabling architecture.
Figure Chapter 2 -1 shows the possible placements of the TE-
100/S14 Switch in a 100Base-TX cabling network.
As required by the 100Base-TX, the TE-100/S14 Switch expects a
2-pair, data grade (EIA 568, Category 5) UTP or STP cabling
system connecting to its 100 Mbps port.
Figure Chapter 2 -1, Examples of the TE-100/S14 wiring
environment

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Careful planning and site preparation is the key to success for
installing Fast Ethernet switches. Users should perform a
network bandwidth analysis based on their workgroup network
traffic needs, and to examine their workstation equipment for
other performance bottlenecks.
Figure Chapter 2 -2, 100Base-T cabling rules

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Unpacking and Setup
Now you have a good understanding of the cabling rules, your
own cabling environment, and the expected network load on your
workgroups. You are ready to integrate your TE-100/S14 Switch
with your network.
The following sections delineate the steps to setup, connect and
integrate your newly acquired TE-100/S14 Switch into your
network.
UNPACKING
The TE-100/S14 Switch shipping carton (refer to Figure Chapter
2 -3) should contain the following items:
• 1 TE-100/S14 unit
• 1 AC power cord
• 2 Mounting brackets
• This user guide
If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local
TRENDnet reseller for replacement.
Figure Chapter 2 -3, Unpacking a TE-100/S14
Switch

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OPERATIONAL FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
On the front panel, a TE-100/S14 Switch contains one 100Mbps
Fast Ethernet 100Base-TX RJ-45 port (A, Figure Chapter 2 -4),
four 10Mbps Ethernet 10Base-T RJ-45 ports (B), one RS-232
(DB9) Out-of-Band management port (C), eight System Status
LED lights (D), 3 port status LED lights for each 10 or 100 Mbps
port (E), and a power status LED light.
POWER ON
The TE-100/S14 Switch can be used with AC power sources 90 -
250 VAC, 50 - 60 Hz. The Switch’s power supply will adjust to
the local power source automatically.
You may turn ON the power of the TE-100/S14 Switch without
having any or all the LAN segment cables connected. You should
observe the LED lights as the Switch is going through the Power-
On Self Test (POST) sequence. All System status LED lights
should go off, and Power LED light on, when the POST is
successful (refer to Figure Chapter 2 -6 on Page 17). The
Figure Chapter 2 -4, Front panel view of a TE-
100/S14 Switch

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corresponding Link LED light will be turned on when a LAN
segment is connected to the port and functioning normally.
MOUNTING
The TE-100/S14 Switch can be either a desk-top or rack
mountable unit. For rack mounting, a pair of mounting brackets is
included in the packing carton. Figure Chapter 2 -5
shows the dimension and diagram for rack mounting.
CONNECTING NETWORK CABLES
There are five RJ-45 ports on the TE-100/S14 Switch for
connection to five LAN segments; one for the 100Base-TX Fast
Ethernet segment, and four for the 10Base-T Ethernet segments.
Both segment types use the same RJ-45 connectors. Two-pair
Category 5, UTP cabling is required for the 100Base-TX segment.
For the 10Base-T segments, all existing cabling systems under the
10Base-T requirements will continue to suffice.
Figure Chapter 2 -5, Rack mounting a TE-
100/S14

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If a cable is used for connecting a port to a workstation, just use
the standard UTP cable connectors with the RJ-45 pin layout.
If a cable is used for connecting to a hub, bridge, or another
switch, the Transmit (TD) and the Receive (RD) leads on one end
of the connectors must be swapped. Please refer to Appendix D
for pin layout details.
SETUP
The default setup of the TE-100/S14 Switch (shown in Appendix
B) should work in the majority of installations. If a different
setting is required for your specific networking environment,
please refer to the Out-of-Band Management section in Chapter 3,
“Configuring the Switch,” for changing these default settings.
CHECKING STATUS LED LIGHTS
When the power is first turned on, the TE-100/S14 Switch
performs a Power-On Self Test (POST). Please observe the status
LED lights to verify a proper installation (refer to Appendix A,
Page 35). These status LED lights also provide information about
the system unit and its connected Ethernet or Fast Ethernet LAN
segments during normal operation.
Figure Chapter 2 -6, The system status LED lights

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Chapter 3 Configuring the Switch
Introduction
The TE-100/S14 Switch is designed to operate in workgroup
organizations without the need of, or unable to justify for
comprehensive network management software. It is also designed
to operate within the SNMP network management environment.
This chapter describes the details of configuring the TE-100/S14
Switch to support both environments.
Out-of-Band Management is the vehicle to access the TE-100/S14
Switch through a locally connected management terminal to the
RS-232 serial port. Through this port, a user can set up, monitor,
or change the configuration of the Switch.
The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) provides the capability for
the Switch to operate properly with other Bridges1in a SNMP
network supporting the STA. Using the STA, the network will
prevent network loop, and automatically establish and activate a
backup path in the event of a path failure.
The TE-100/S14 Switch is set up to operate in either an un-
managed or managed network environment. In a simple network
hierarchy, the Spanning Tree Algorithm may be turned off.
1Please refer to footnote 2, Page 25 for Bridge definition.

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RS-232 Port Connection
The TE-100/S14 Switch uses a female 9-pin RS-232 serial
communication port for connection to a local management
terminal.
The RS-232 port is a DCE (Data Communication Equipment).
Figure Chapter 3 -1 shows the cable connection to a DTE (Data
Terminal Equipment) such as a VT100 compatible terminal, or a
PC with communication software emulating a VT100
terminal. Appendix C provides the pin reference to a 9-pin or 25-
pin DTE port. The switch-to-terminal (DCE/DTE) serial
communication speed is preset at 19,200 baud.
Out-of-Band Management
The TE-100/S14 Switch can be configured using the Out-of-Band
Management facility. A management terminal connecting to the
RS-232 port on the Switch provides the access.
Figure Chapter 3 -1, A locally connected management
terminal