Volvo VN Reference manual

DService Bulletin
Volvo Trucks North America
Greensboro, NC USA
Date Group No. Page
12.2007 175 60 1(18)
Trucks
This Service Bulletin replaces Service Bulletins 175-60,
“Oiland Filters, VolvoComponents”, VN,VHD VERSION2,
(6.2007), publication number PV776–20178478 and VT
(6.2007), publication number PV776–20180778. Oil and Filter Change Intervals for
VOLVO Components
VN, VHD, VT
Oil and Filters, Volvo Components
W1000080
(Valid from January 2007)
This information is updated as necessary. It provides oil change intervals for Volvo
components. Information regarding engine, transmission, rear axle and steering oil
is also included.
For the list of companies that offer oil types that meet the Volvo Drain Specification, refer
to Service Bulletin 175-62, “Approved Oils, Volvo Components”. For more information
about lubrication, refer to Service Information in Group 1.
Note: Failure to follow these recommendations may void any and all applicable engine
and driveline warranties.
Contents
•“Engine, Lubrication” page 2
•“Rear Axle, Lubrication” page 14
•“Power Steering, Lubrication” page 16
•“Transmission, Lubrication” page 17
PV776-20127636 USA28163.ihval

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 2(18)
Engine, Lubrication
For more engine information, refer to the Service
Information in Group 2 and the appropriate vendor
literature.
Engine oil lubricates, seals, cools and cleans the engine.
Filtering the intake air and using a low sulfur fuel helps the
oil protect the engine parts. With better engine designs
and improved oils, the service intervals have steadily
increased. The interval choice depends on the engine
manufacturer specifications. Make sure that the correct
oil type and also the correct viscosity are chosen for the
mileage interval driven.
CAUTION
Please note that an extension of oil drains beyond the
ones given in this bulletin may damage the engine, and
void your warranty, if in effect.
Shorter oil change intervals are required if the engine is
operating in a dusty environment or if frequent stops and
starts are made.
There are many aftermarket oil additives that claim
improved performance when added to the engine oil. Do
not use supplements such as aftermarket oil treatment
additives. Each oil type recommended here already
contains additives that have been tested by engine and oil
manufacturers. Adding extra additives may put the engine
at risk of failure.
Oil filters should always be changed when changing oil.
Previously there were two types of oil filters; one for
normal intervals and one for extended intervals. Only
long-life filters are available for all intervals today.
CAUTION
Volvo branded oil filters are designed to provide
the proper level of filtration and protection for Volvo
engines. Filters that do not meet the same stringent
requirements may cause unsatisfactory results
Volvo Trucks North America cannot guarantee the
performance of filters that are not made or sold
by Volvo Trucks North America. The performance
guarantee of any commercially available filters is the
responsibility of the filter manufacturer.

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 3(18)
Oil Viscosity
Select viscosity for the ambient temperatures the vehicle
will be exposed to. It is not enough to just select the right
type of oil; the right oil viscosity is just as important.
The correct viscosity according to the SAE is determined
by the minimum ambient temperature at cold start
and the maximum ambient temperature during engine
operation. Use the temperature chart below to select the
best viscosity. In general, use the highest viscosity oil
available that still meets the cold start-up temperature
requirements.
W1000144
Select viscosity from the table above. Temperatures
refer to stable ambient temperature readings.
D12D and D16D Oil Type/Quality
The length of time an engine can operate before an oil
change depends on the quality oil used, the type of fuel
used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle
application, level of dust in the air, and fuel consumption.
The change intervals given in this bulletin are maximum
intervals. If the vehicle is operating in heavy-duty
operation, dusty or off-road conditions, etc., reduce the
intervals for more frequent oil changes. Change all oil
filters at each oil change.
Synthetic oils do not allow further extension of oil drain
intervals. It is the contamination rate, i.e., soot, and the
depletion of additives, rather than base oil quality that
determines the useful engine oil life and therefore the oil
change intervals.
Note: Engines meeting the emissions requirements of
2004 operate under more severe conditions than previous
engines. This has lead Volvo to require an oil that meets
both VDS-2 and EO-N Premium Plus quality or both
VDS-2 and API CI-4 quality standards for model year
2003 through 2006 Volvo engines. Earlier engines also
work better with these oils. They are not required, but
are strongly recommended.
CAUTION
Extra oil additives must never be added to any oil
used.
Note: Oil Terminology: VDS (Volvo Drain Specifications),
and EO-N (Engine Oil - [Grade Level])
W2003930
D12D Oil Filters
W2004725
D16D Oil Filters

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 4(18)
D12D and D16D Oil Change Intervals
Note: Volvo strongly recommends to use oils meeting both VDS-2 and EO-N Premium Plus at all times.
Note: For information on the Oil Change Intervals for Non-Volvo engines refer to the appropriate vendor
literature.
D12D Engines
Note: Use the information in the table below to determine
the operating condition and usage applicable to your
vehicle.
Type of Operation •Average fuel consumption
is over 4.7 liters per 10
km (under 5.0 miles per
gallon)
•Gross combined weight
(GCW) is greater than
45 000 kg (100,000 lb)
•Idle time is 40% or higher
•Vehicle operates off road
or in dusty areas
•Vehicle operates in inner
city delivery
•Average fuel consumption
is between 4.7 and 3.6 liters
per 10 km (between 5.0
and 6.5 miles per gallon)
•Gross combined weight
(GCW) is less than
45 000 kg (100,000 lb)
•Vehicle operates in
regional distribution
•Average fuel consumption
is under 3.6 liters per 10
km (over 6.5 miles per
gallon)
•Gross combined weight
(GCW) is less than
36 000 kg (80,000 lb)
•On highway operation
only
Model Year 2003 (from serial # 307434)
Higher Oil Qualities
Oil Quality
both VDS-2 and EO-N Premium Plus
Mileage* 19 000 km (12,000 miles) 24 000 km (15,000 miles) 40 000 km (25,000 miles)
Months* 4 4 4
Hours* 300 400 600
Fuel Usage* 9500 liters (2500 gallons) 11 500 liters (3000 gallons) 15 000 liters (4000 gallons)
Normal Oil Qualities
Oil Quality
both VDS-2 and API CI-4
Mileage* 14 000 km (9000 miles) 18 000 km (11,000 miles) 30 000 km (19,000 miles)
Months* 4 4 4
Hours* 250 300 450
Fuel Usage* 7100 liters (1900 gallons) 8500 liters (2200 gallons) 11 500 liters (3000 gallons)
* Whichever comes first

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 5(18)
D16D Engines
Note: Use the information in the table below to determine
the operating condition and usage applicable to your
vehicle.
Type of Operation •Average fuel consumption is over 4.7
liters per 10 km (below 5.0 miles per
gallon)
•Gross combined weight (GCW) is
greater than 50 000 kg (110,000 lb)
•Idle time is 40% or higher
•Average fuel consumption is under 4.7
liters per 10 km (above 5.0 miles per
gallon)
•Gross combined weight (GCW) is
equal to or less than 50 000 kg
(110,000 lb)
•Idle time is less than 40%
Note: All three conditions (fuel
consumption, GCW and idle time) must
be fulfilled to use this interval.
Oil Quality
both VDS-2 and EO-N Premium Plus
42L (44 quarts) Oil Capacity
Mileage* 24 000 km (15,000 miles) 40 000 km (25,000 miles)
Months* 4 4
Hours* 400 600
Fuel Usage* 12 500 liters (3,300 gallons) 17 000 liters (4,500 gallons)
52L (55 quarts) Oil Capacity
Mileage* 32 000 km (20,000 miles) 56 000 km (35,000 miles)
Months* 4 4
Hours* 500 800
Fuel Usage* 17 500 liters (4,500 gallons) 24 000 liters (6,400 gallons)
* Whichever comes first

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 6(18)
D11F, D13F and D16F Engines Oil Type/Quality
The length of time an engine can operate before an oil
change depends on the quality oil used, the type of fuel
used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle
application, level of dust in the air, and fuel consumption.
The change intervals given in this bulletin are maximum
intervals. If the vehicle is operating in heavy-duty
operation, dusty or off-road conditions, etc., reduce the
intervals for more frequent oil changes. Change all oil
filters at each oil change.
Volvo Trucks North America cannot guarantee the
performance of filters that are not made or sold
by Volvo Trucks North America. The performance
guarantee of any commercially available filters is the
responsibility of the filter manufacturer.
Synthetic oils do not allow further extension of oil drain
intervals. It is the contamination rate, i.e., soot, and the
depletion of additives, rather than base oil quality that
determines the useful engine oil life and therefore the oil
change intervals.
Note: Engines meeting the emissions requirements of
2007 are designed with exhaust aftertreatment systems
requiring a new engine oil quality. This has lead Volvo to
require an oil that meets VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus
quality standards for model year 2007 and later Volvo
engines. VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus are both based
on the newly developed API CJ-4 engine oil specification,
but have additional performance requirements essential
to adequately protect the Volvo engines at the drain
intervals specified. Earlier engines also work better with
the above mentioned oils, but are not required.
CAUTION
Extra oil additives must never be added to any oil
used.
Note: Oil Terminology: VDS (Volvo Drain Specifications),
and EO-O (Engine Oil - [Grade Level])
W2006059
D13F Oil Filters (D11F Similar)
W2006060
D16F Oil Filters

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 7(18)
D11F, D13F and D16F Engines Oil Change Intervals
Note: Volvo strongly recommends using oils that meet both VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus quality standards
at all times.
Note: For information about oil change intervals for non-Volvo engines, refer to the appropriate engine
manufacturer’s literature.
D11F and D13F Engines
Note: Use the information in the table below to determine
the operating condition and usage applicable to your
vehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100
km) Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7
Engine Oil and Filter Change
Interval, km (miles) — 36 L (38
quarts) oil capacity
56 000 (35,000) 40 000 (25,000) 24 000 (15,000)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval.
D16F Engines
Note: Use the information in the table below to determine
the operating condition and usage applicable to your
vehicle.
Engine Operating Condition Medium Heavy Severe
Total Fuel Consumption (L/100
km) Less than 39 Less than 50 Less than 64
Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) More than 6.0 More than 4.7 More than 3.7
Engine Oil and Filter Change
Interval, km (miles) — 42 L (44
quarts) oil capacity
56 000 (35,000) 40 000 (25,000) 24 000 (15,000)
Engine Oil and Filter Change
Interval, km (miles) — 52 L (55
quarts) oil capacity
80 000 (50,000) 56 000 (35,000) 40 000 (25,000)
Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval.

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 8(18)
Oil Capacity
All Engines
Approximate oil change capacity in liters (US quarts)
Vehicle Engine
Normal oil change
(including filter) Maximum to minimum on dipstick
VN D12D 33 liters (35 quarts) 8 liters (8.5 quarts)
VHD D12D 38 liters (40 quarts) 6 liters (6.5 quarts)
42 liters (44 quarts),
standard
VNL D16D 52liters(55quarts), optional 8 liters (8.5 quarts)
VT D16D 52 liters (55 quarts) 8 liters (8.5 quarts)
VN, VHD D11F and D13F 36 liters (38 quarts) 8 liters (8.5 quarts)
42 liters (44 quarts),
standard
VNL D16F 52liters (55quarts), optional 8 liters (8.5 quarts)
VT D16F 52 liters (55 quarts) 8 liters (8.5 quarts)

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 9(18)
Fuel Filters
Note: When draining the fuel filters, collect the waste in a
fuel-safe container. Always dispose of fuel according to
Federal or local regulations. Take the drained fuel and
water to a recycle or waste management center.
The filters are an important part of the fuel system. Always
replace the filters at every engine oil change and use the
recommended filter types for the best engine operation
and service life. Drain the primary filter water trap daily.
W2005084
1 D16D Secondary Fuel Filter
2 D16D Primary Fuel Filter with Water Separator
W2006058
1 D13F Secondary Fuel Filter (D11F Similar)
2 D13F Primary Fuel Filter with Water Separator
(D11F Similar)
W2006061
1 D16F Secondary Fuel Filter
2 D16F Primary Fuel Filter with Water Separator
W2003931
Chassis Mounted Primary Fuel Filter

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 10(18)
Engine Air Filter
CAUTION
Continued operation with the gauge showing in the
red may cause damage to the engine. Operating
the engine with a damaged filter allows dust to pass
directly into the engine, causing damage. Replace
damaged or clogged filters.
The engine air filter is monitored by a pressure restriction
gauge mounted on the air filter housing. The gauge may
be connected to a telltale signal on the instrument panel
which illuminates when the air filter needs to be changed.
Refer to the vehicle operator’s manual for additional
information.
W2006044
Pressure Restriction Gauge
A manual gauge needs to be inspected regularly. Replace
the filter according to the gauge or after a maximum of
two years, whichever comes first. The optional extra filter
insert should be changed with every third main air filter.
W2003946
Main Engine Air Filter
W2003945
Optional Extra Filter Insert

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 11(18)
Engine Component Maintenance Intervals
D11F, D13F and D16F Engines
Engine Coolant
CAUTION
Volvo Trucks North America does not recommend
using plain water in the cooling system. Water alone is
corrosive at engine operating temperatures and does
not provide adequate boiling protection. The engine
may develop corrosion and cavitation problems in the
engine and radiator, and the boiling point of the coolant
is lowered compared to a proper antifreeze and water
mixture. Failure to follow Volvo Truck North America’s
cooling system care/maintenance recommendations
can render the warranty invalid.
Note: Always dispose of coolant according to Federal
or local regulations. Take all used coolant to a recycling
or waste collection center.
Coolant capacity is approximately 50L (53 quarts) with
a manual transmission. For an automatic transmission,
add 9.5L (10 quarts).
Change the filter and coolant according to the intervals
in the table.
Coolant Filter 80 000 km (50,000 miles)
or 6 months, whichever
comes first
Long Life Filter with
Extended Life Coolant 240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 12 months,
whichever comes first
Standard Coolant 500 000 km (300,000
miles) or 24 months,
whichever comes first
Extended Life Coolant 1 000 000 km (600,000
miles) or 48 months,
whichever comes first

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 12(18)
Drive Belts
All engine belts should be checked at each service point.
Inspect for cracked or frayed material. All belts have
automatic belt tensioners to keep the correct tension
without adjustment. Replace the drive belts every 500
000 km (300,000 miles) or 36 months, whichever comes
first, for VN and VT; 240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 12
months, whichever comes first, for VHD.
W2006045
Drive Belts
A drive belt routing label is located on the vehicle frame
rail.
W2005874
Drive Belts Routing Label
W2005875
Drive Belts Routing Label Location

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 13(18)
Valve Adjustment
Adjust the valves according to the intervals in the table.
Initial Adjustment: 200
000 km (125,000 miles)
or 12 months, whichever
comes first
D11F and D13F Then adjust every 400 000
km (250,000 miles) or 24
months, whichever comes
first
Initial Adjustment: 100
000 km (60,000 miles) or 6
months, whichever comes
first
D16F Then adjust every 200 000
km (125,000 miles) or 12
months, whichever comes
first
Exhaust Aftertreatment System
Diesel Particulate Filter
The vehicle must be taken to an authorized Volvo Truck
dealer to replace the diesel particulate filter. Replace the
filter every 400 000 km (250,000 miles) or 4500 hours,
whichever comes first.
Aftertreatment Fuel Injector
The aftertreatment fuel injector must be cleaned every
240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 4500 hours, whichever
comes first.

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 14(18)
Rear Axle, Lubrication
Ensure the vehicle is parked on a level surface when
checking the oil level. Fill or add oil to the lower edge of
the level hole in the carrier housing. If the hubs were
empty, tilt axle for one minute to each side.
W0002103
CAUTION
Do not use synthetic lubricants in the rear axle.
Synthetic lubrication may cause seal degradation.
For more information on the Rear Axle refer to Service
Information in Group 4 and appropriate vendor literature.
Oil Change Intervals
Current Rear Axles
Tandem Axles
•CT EV 87 (VBT4018, VBT4618, VBT4818 & VBT5218)
First oil and filter change After 1 month or 10,000
km (6000 miles)
Normal change interval,
oil and filter Every 12 months or 120,000 km
(75,000 miles)

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 15(18)
Oil Viscosity
High viscosity single grade oil, SAE 140, should only
be used in warm climates where no cold weather is
encountered. Low viscosity single grade oil, such as SAE
75, should only be used in cold climates where no warm
weather is encountered.
CAUTION
Do not use synthetic lubricants in the rear axle.
Synthetic lubrication may cause seal degradation.
W4000880
For severe operation or continuous operation
above an altitude of 2000 m (6000 ft) above sea
level, a viscosity of SAE 140, SAE 80W/140
or SAE 85W/140 is recommended for use
instead of SAE 90.
Oil Type
Mineral oil . . . . . . . API-GL-5, MIL-PRF-2105E
CAUTION
Do not use synthetic lubricants in the rear axle.
Synthetic lubrication may cause seal degradation.
Oil Capacity
Rear Axles
Vehicle Tandem Axle Approxi-
mate capac-
ity in liters
(quarts)
VN, VHD CT EV 87 (VBT4018,
VBT4618, VBT4818 or
VBT5218)
Front tandem EV 87
Rear tandem EV 80
20.0 (21.0)
9.0 (9.5)

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 16(18)
Power Steering, Lubrication
Power Steering Reservoir
The power steering fluid reservoir is filled with Automatic
Transmission Fluid (ATF) Dexron®III for the power
steering system. Change fluid every 240,000 km
(150,000 miles). Change filter every year or more often
if necessary.
If the fluid has darkened, it indicates the power steering
system is running hotter than normal and the fluid is
overheating. Troubleshoot for possible overheating and
change the fluid.
The Power Steering Reservoir fluid is maintenance free
and should only be changed in the event of required
maintenance as a result of mechanical failure.
For more information on Steering refer to Service
Information in Group 6 and appropriate vendor literature.
W2006042
1 Engine Oil Fill Tube
2 Engine Oil Dipstick
3 Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 17(18)
Transmission, Lubrication
Transmission Oil
CAUTION
Only use Volvo approved synthetic SAE 75W/85
gearbox oil (specification 97307) in the I-Shift
transmission. Using non-approved oil can result in
damage to transmission components.
CAUTION
Never reuse drained I-Shift oil. The oil must be
replaced along with the oil filter. Reusing drained oil
can result in damage to transmission components.
Keep the transmission oil at the proper level and change
it at the Volvo recommended intervals. Always replace
the oil filter when the oil is changed. Always use the Volvo
approved synthetic oil whenever adding or changing the
transmission oil.
For a complete list of approved oils, contact your Volvo
Truck dealer. Also, refer to Bulletin 175-61, Approved
Oils, Volvo Components.
Check Oil Level
Check the transmission oil level at each service interval.
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Check the oil level
through the sight glass on the side of the transmission.
Add oil as necessary. Always use the correct Volvo
approved synthetic oil.
W4002904
1 Drain Plug
2 Sight Glass
3 Fill Plug and Oil Level
T4021684
Sight Glass for Checking Oil Level

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Volvo Trucks North America Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2007 175 60 18(18)
Oil Change Interval
The length of time a transmission can operate before an
oil change is required depends on the quality of the oil
used and the vehicle application. For severe service or
off-highway applications, more frequent oil changes may
be necessary.
For on-highway applications, change the transmission
oil every 400 000 km (250,000 miles). Always replace
the oil filter when the oil is changed. Always use the
Volvo approved synthetic oil whenever changing the
transmission oil.
Oil Change
WARNING
Hot oil can cause burns. DO NOT allow hot oil to
contact the skin. When changing oil, wear protective
gloves.
CAUTION
Always dispose of all lubricants (engine oil, coolant,
transmission oil, etc) and filters according to Federal
or local regulations. Used oil disposed of in nature or
waterways contaminates our drinking water and kills
wildlife.
Change the oil filter at every oil change. Drain the oil filter
housing before you remove the filter.
W4002889
Oil Filter Housing Drain Plug
W4002908
Oil Filter