Waycon LLD-RS232 User manual

LLD-RS232/RS422
Manual
Revision 003, January 2007
You are advised to carefully read this User Manual before powering on the LLD laser distance measuring
module for the first time. This is necessary to ensure that you will be able to utilize all the capabilities and
features which your new acquisition provides. This technology is subject to continuously ongoing development.
Editorial deadline: January 2007
Document number: 012840-007-98-02-0107
WayCon Positionsmesstechnik GmbH
Mehlbeerenstr. 4
82024 Taufkirchen
Germany
Fon: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-Mail: [e-mail]
CE
Note:
No part of this User Manual may be reproduced in any way (by photographing, photocopying, microfilm or any
other technique) without prior written approval by WayCon Laser, Optic, System GmbH, nor may it be
processed, duplicated or disseminated with the help of electronic systems. Proper care has been used in
compiling this document. No liability will be accepted in the event of damage resulting from failure to comply
with the information contained herein.

2
Dear User
For highlighting purposes, the following pictogram, signs of reference and warning symbols are used throughout
this manual:
Signs and Warning symbols:
• Enumeration
+ Advice/Important/Important Note
→Reference (to a passage of text or a Figure)
Warning symbols
Warning:
Indicates potential health risks that may occur if information of this type disregarded.
Caution:
Warns of potential product damage.
Laser:
Warns of potential exposure to emerging visible or invisible laser radiation.
Information:
Provides a reference to important data or details.

3
Content
1. General Information...................................................................................................................................4
2. Safety Instructions.....................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Basic Information..................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Intended & Conforming Use .................................................................................................................5
2.3 Nonconforming Use..............................................................................................................................5
2.4 Laser Classification...............................................................................................................................5
2.5 Electric Supply......................................................................................................................................5
2.6 Important Operating Advice..................................................................................................................6
3. Technical Data............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Scope of delivery..................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Laser.....................................................................................................................................................6
3.3 Measuring Performance .......................................................................................................................7
3.4 Interface................................................................................................................................................7
3.5 Environment & Ambient Conditions......................................................................................................8
3.6 Mechanical Mounting Conditions..........................................................................................................8
3.7 Electrical Mounting Conditions .............................................................................................................9
3.8 Interface-Cable ...................................................................................................................................10
4. Communications Protocol......................................................................................................................12
4.1 Example: Establishing Communication with Hyperterminal ...............................................................12
4.2 Online-Help.........................................................................................................................................15
4.3 Commands and their functions...........................................................................................................16
4.3.1 DT…. distance tracking ..............................................................................................................16
4.3.2 DS…. distance tracking 7m ........................................................................................................16
4.3.3 DW…. Distance tracking with cooperative target (10Hz) ...........................................................16
4.3.4 DW…. Distance tracking with cooperative target (50Hz) ...........................................................17
4.3.5 DF…. Distance measurement with external trigger....................................................................17
4.3.6 DM…distance measurement......................................................................................................17
4.3.7 TP…internal temperature [°C] ....................................................................................................17
4.3.8 SAX….display/set average value [1…20] ...................................................................................17
4.3.9 SDd….display/set display format [d/h] ........................................................................................18
4.3.10 SDx….display/set measure time [0…25].........................................................................................18
4.3.11 SFx….display/set scale factor ........................................................................................................18
4.3.12 SEx….display/set error mode [0/1/2]..............................................................................................19
4.3.13 ACx.x…display/set ALARM center (switching output) ....................................................................19
4.3.14 AHx.x…display/set ALARM hysteresis (sign = Invertating yes/no, switching hysteresis) ..............19
4.3.15 AWx.x…display/set ALARM width (length of switching output) ......................................................20
4.3.16 RBx.x…display/set distance of Iout = 4 mA .....................................................................................20
4.3.17 REx.x…display/set distance of Iout = 4 mA .....................................................................................20
4.3.18 RMx y.y z...... remove measurement ..............................................................................................20
4.3.19 TDx y......display/set trigger delay [0...9999ms] trigger level [0/1] ..................................................21
4.3.20 TMx y......display/set trigger mode [0/1] trigger level [0/1] ..............................................................22
4.3.21 BRx......display/set baud rate [2400...38400]..................................................................................22
4.3.22 ASd....display/set autostart command [DT/DS/DW/DX/DF/DM/TP/LO/ID].....................................23
4.3.23 OFx.x......display/set distance offset...............................................................................................23
4.3.24 SO......set current distance to offset (offset = - distance) ...............................................................23
4.3.25 LO......laser on ................................................................................................................................23
4.3.26 LF......laser off..................................................................................................................................23
4.3.27 PA......display settings.....................................................................................................................23
4.3.28 PR......display settings ....................................................................................................................24
5. Operating Modes......................................................................................................................................24
5.1 RS232.................................................................................................................................................25
5.2 RS422.................................................................................................................................................25
5.3 Digital Switching Output......................................................................................................................26
5.4 Analog Output.....................................................................................................................................27
5.5 Trigger Input........................................................................................................................................28
6. Error Messages........................................................................................................................................29
7. Service and Maintenance........................................................................................................................30

4
1.General Information
The LLD is a laser distance sensor to measure distances from 0.1 m to maximum 150 m with pinpoint accuracy.
A given target can be clearly identified with the help of a red laser sighting point. In terms of measurement
range, the LLD performs depending on the reflectance, morphology and qualities of the target to be measured.
The Laser sensor works based on comparative phase measurement. It emits modulated high-frequency light
which is diffusely reflected back from the target with a certain shift in phase to be compared with a reference
signal. From the amount of phase shift, a required distance can be determined with an accuracy of a millimetre.
A distance measurement can be triggered in four different ways:
• By sending a command from the PC or another equivalent control unit
• By making appropriate prior parameter settings for the autostart command and applying supply voltage
• By external triggering (in remote-trigger mode)
• Using the autostart trigger function.
For a more detailed description of these four trigger options, please see section 5. Operating Modes of this User
Manual.
Special performance features are:
• Provides high accuracy and great reach under extreme outdoor temperatures.
• Works in a wide range of operating voltages from 10 V= to 30 V= from an on board vehicle supply point,
an industrial direct voltage supply net or a DC power pack.
• Features consistently low power consumption of <1.5 W (without IAlarm).
• Up to 30 m reach for distance measurement, with potential for more than 150 m reach if additional
reflectors are mounted onto the target (depending on reflectance and environmental conditions).
• Visible laser beam for easier sighting.
• RS232 interface port for input of measuring functions and commands from, and output of measured
values to, a PC or a laptop.
• Switching output and analog output are separately programmed.
• Switching output with adjustable limit to indicate positive and negative exceeding of preselectable
distance range window by sighting distance.
• Measured values can be displayed in meters, decimetres, centimetres, feet, and inches due to.
• Option for remote triggering of a measurement from an external trigger device.
The LLD laser sensor is shipped in a rugged cardboard box with adequate padding for safe transportation.
2.Safety Instructions
2.1 Basic Information
These safety and operating instructions should be carefully read and followed during practical work with the LLD
There is danger of laser radiation or electrical shock. For necessary repair work,
the LLD may not be opened by anyone other than manufacturer personnel.
Unauthorized intervention into the inner product space will void any warranty
claims.
Compliance with all specified operating conditions is necessary.

5
Failure to observe advisory notes or information contained in this Manual or nonconforming product usage may
cause physical injury to the user or material damage to the LLD. Cable connectors must not be plugged or
unplugged, as long as voltage is supplied. Remember to turn voltage supply off before you begin working on
cable connections.
2.2 Intended & Conforming Use
•Measurement of distances
• Special measuring functions
• Compliance with prescribed temperatures for operation and storage
• Operation at correct voltage level
• Application of specified signal levels to the appropriate data lines
2.3 Nonconforming Use
• Do not operate the LLD in any other way than described under “Intended & Conforming Use“ above and
only in a proper working condition.
• Safety devices must not be defeated or otherwise rendered ineffective.
• Information and warning signs must not be removed.
• Repair work on the LLD must not be carried out by anyone other than WAYCON personnel.
• Refrain from using the LLD in an explosive environment.
• Measurement with the LLD pointed at the sun or other strong light sources may produce faulty results.
• Measurement of targets with poor surface reflectance in a strongly reflecting environment may also result
in faulty measurement values.
• Measurement of strongly reflecting surfaces may deliver faulty results.
• Measurement performed through transparent optical media, for example, glass, optical filters, Plexiglas,
etc. may equally produce incorrect results.
• Rapidly changing measuring conditions are likely to falsify the result of measurement.
2.4 Laser Classification
The LLD is a class 2 laser product as stipulated in IEC825-1/DIN EN 60825-1:2001-11 and a class
II product under FDA21 CFR. In the event of accidental, short time laser exposure, the human eye
is sufficiently protected by its own optical-facial winking reflex. This natural reflex may be impaired
by medication, alcohol and drugs. Although the product can be operated without taking special
safety precautions, one should refrain from directly looking into the laser beam. Do not direct the laser beam
onto persons.
Caution:
There is class 2 laser radiation. Do not look into the beam!
2.5 Electric Supply
Use only 10 V to 30 V direct voltage for LLD operation. Use only the specially designated connector terminal for
voltage supply.
Specified signal levels must not be exceeded, in order to guarantee correct data communication.

6
2.6 Important Operating Advice
To make full use of the system’s inherent performance capabilities and achieve a long service life, you should
always follow these operating rules:
•Do not turn the module on if there is fogging or soiling on its optical parts!
•Do not touch any of the module’s optical parts with bare hands!
•Proceed with care when removing dust or contamination from optical surfaces!
•Prevent exposure to shock impacts during transportation of the LLD!
•Prevent overheating of the LLD!
•Prevent major temperature variances during LLD operation.
•In accordance with IP65 internal protection standards, the LLD is designed to be splash proof and
dustproof.
Read these safety and operating instructions with due care and follow them in practical
use.
3. Technical Data
3.1 Scope of delivery
Description
Order-Number
LLD-150-RS232 (10 Hz)
LLD-150-RS232
LLD-150-RS422 (10 Hz)
LLD-150-RS422
LLD-150-RS232-50 (50 Hz)
LLD-150-RS232-50
LLD-150-RS422-50 (50 Hz)
LLD-150-RS422-50
LLD-150-RS232-H (10 Hz + Heating)
LLD-150-RS232-H
LLD-150-RS422-H (10 Hz + Heating)
LLD-150-RS422-H
LLD-150-RS232-H (50 Hz + Heating)
LLD-150-RS232-50-H
LLD-150-RS422-H (50 Hz + Heating)
LLD-150-RS422-50-H
CD with Manual and Software
Optional accessories
Description
Order-Number
Interface cable 2 m
KAB-LLD-2M
Interface cable 5 m
KAB-LLD-5M
Interface cable 10 m
KAB-LLD-10M
Pre-configuration by WayCon for RS232, RS422 models
LLD Aktivierung
Option Heating for all models
H
3.2 Laser
Laser:
650 nm laser diode; red light
Laser class:
650 nm, visible, laser class 2, conforming to standard
IEC825-1/EN60825, class II (FDA21 CFR)
Output power:
< 1 mW
Laser divergence:
0,6 mrad
Beam diameter:
< 6 mm at 10 m distance
< 30 mm at 50 m distance
< 60 mm at 100 m distance

7
3.3 Measuring Performance
Measuring range1
0,1 ... 30 m for natural, diffusely reflecting surfaces (for DT,
DF or DM and ST =0), and up to 150 m with a target board
Measuring accuracy:
± 2 mm for white surfaces, (+15...+30 °C)
± 3 mm for natural surfaces, (+15...+30 °C)
± 4 mm 0,1…0,5 m range in DS mode, (+15 °C…+30 °C)
± 5 mm (-10 °C ...+50 °C)
Measured value resolution:
Depends on scale factor (1 mm with SF = 1)
Max. acceleration:
Typ.: 160 ms ... 6 s in standard mode measuring any type of
surface
100 ms in „DW“-measuring mode
20 ms in „DX“- measuring mode (only LLD 50 Hz)
1depends on target reflectance, ambient light influences and atmospheric conditions
Max. target motion speed:
4 m/s in „DX“- measuring mode (only LLD 10 Hz)
Max. acceleration:
2,5 m/s² in „DX“- measuring mode (only LLD 50 Hz)
3.4 Interface
Type of connection:
12-pole M16-flange-mount connector (Binder Series 723 )
Supply voltage (UV):
10...30 VDC
Max. power consumption
<1,5 W (in no-load state)
Data interface:
RS232 / RS422 (please specify in your order)
Baud rate: 9,6 kBaud (2,4/ 4,8/ 19,2/ 38,4 kBaud selectable)
Data bits: 8
Parity: none
Stop bit: 1
Handshake: none
Protocol: ASCII
Digital switching output:
Open Collector
HIGH = UV – 2 V, LOW < 2 V, rated for loads up to 0,5 A, with
switching threshold, latitude (width) and hysteresis selectable
Analog output:
4...20 mA, distance range limits can be set, behaviour on error
report can be preselected,3 mA or 21 mA
Load resistance: ≤500 Ω against GND
Accuracy: ±0,15 %
Max. temperature drift: 50 ppm/K
Trigger input:
Trigger voltage: 3...24 V
Trigger threshold: +1,5 V
Trigger delay: 5 ms + selectable delay time until start of
measurement
Trigger pulse length: ≥1 ms
Delay time (trigger delay): selectable from 0...9999 ms
Extended trigger function: selectable autostart trigger
Max. input voltages:
U
V
= 30 V (protected against polarity reversal)
RxD= ±25 V
RX+, RX- = ±14 V
TRIG = +25 V
Output voltages:
T
X
D ≥5 V
TX ±2 V, 2 x 50 W Last; load differential
ALARM UV– 2

8
3.5 Environment & Ambient Conditions
Operating temperature:
-10...+50 °C
Storage temperature:
-20...+70 °C
Protection type:
IP65
3.6 Mechanical Mounting Conditions
Casing:
Extruded aluminum profile with powder-coat paint finish,
front-side &rear-side cover and tube anodized
Dimensions (L x W x H)
182 mm x 96 mm x 50 mm
Weight:
850 g
The casing consists of a rugged, corrosion-resistant extruded aluminium profile with front-side and rear-side
covers also in corrosion-resistant design. Four mounting holes are provided in the baseplate for mechanical
attachment of the LLD (Figure 1: Dimensional drawing).
Figure 1: Dimensional drawing
1. Equalizer tube at front cover
2. Casing
3. Protective cap for flange-mount connector
4. Receiver optics
5. Sender optics
6. Mechanical mounting holes (4x)
7. 12-pole M16-flange-mount connector (Binder series 723)

9
To protect the range finder’s optical surfaces from dust, physical contact, mechanical impacts, etc., the casing has
a special equalizer tube attached to it. This tube can be extended or removed2as necessary to meet the
customer’s operating needs. Please note that measurement cannot be guaranteed to function correctly if the
equalizer tube is removed by unqualified action!
2 consult your local distributor on this issue
Figure 2: Offset against zero-edge
The LLD’s zero-point is located 7 mm behind the outer surface of the front cover or 137 mm before the back
cover outside face respectively. This zero-point has been introduced for constructional design reasons. It can be
compensated with the help of parameter “OF“ (see section 4.3.23 „OF.......display/set distance offset“).
3.7 Electrical Mounting Conditions
Located on the back cover is a connector terminal. A 12-pole round-type (flange mount) series 723 connector
from Binder has been selected for this purpose. It is sealed against the casing to comply with IP 65
requirements. This connector type guarantees optimized screening and a high IP degree. The required
counterpart is a cable jack (series 423 from Binder) with grading ring. A cable set with open ends is optionally
available.
Figure 3: View of LLD pin assignment

10
Pin
Interface-
cable
Interface
cable
(Version 2)
LLD-RS232 /
LLD-RS232-
50
LLD-RS422 /
LLD-RS422-
50
A Green Green TXD RS232 send data RX+ RS422 receive data +
B Yellow Yellow RXD
RS232 receive
data
RX- RS422 receive data -
C Brown Brown TRIG
External trigger
input
TRIG External trigger input
D Red Pink Iout Analog output Iout Analog output
E Black Black n.c TX- RS422 send data +
F Violet Violet n.c TX+ RS422 send data -
G
Pink
(or Orange)
Orange UV Supply voltage Uv Supply voltage
H White Beige ALARM
Digital switching
output
ALARM Digital switching output
J Gray
Green/
Yellow
GND GND GND GND
K - n.c n.c
L Blue Blue GND GND GND GND
M - n.c
Table 1: Pinout assignment
GND wires are connected to an internal collective ground point. They provide the reference potential for all
voltage values quoted below.
If input signals are applied to an output port, this may damage the LLD!
For data communication via RS232, you are recommended to use cable 4 (grey GND) for signal ground and
cable 7 (blue, GND) for supply ground!
The limiting values of voltages, load rates and logic levels are in accordance with RS232 and RS422 standard
requirements.
All outputs are protected against steady short-circuit currents.
3.8 Interface-Cable
Caution:
Both cable ends are exposed! The user is responsible to take precautions that will prevent
any kind of shorts!!
For interface cable wire assignments, refer to Table 1
The interface cable can be provided in 2 m, 5 m and 10 m length version. Customized cable lengths are
optionally available by previous agreement with WayCon Positionsmesstechnik GmbH.

11
Figure 4: Interface-cable
Interface cable extension is possible. One should, however, observe some important rules, depending on the
particular application scenario:
LLD 10 Hz:
RxD and TXD data lines should be kept as short as possible in all cases, because they tend to have an
interference emitting and interference receiving effect, notably, when in open state. Especially in environments
with strong spurious radiation there may be faults that may in some cases require a reset (turning the LLD off
and on again). In cases where no RS232 interface communication is required after parameterization, you should
provide for a termination wiring as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5: Recommended termination wiring for work with open RS232
LLD 50 Hz:
Extension and termination according to standard requirements.
For correct screening, three essential rules must be followed:
1. Use screened cable, e.g. “KAB-LLD-5M“, remember to extend also the cable screen!
2. Connect screen to reference potential of Uvon cable end.
3. For integration with vehicles:
Where attachment point and reference potential (GND or “-“) have equal potentials, it may be necessary
to electrically isolate the LLD casing, in order to prevent ground loops.
Figure 6: Correct screening LLD

12
4.Communications Protocol
The easiest way to trigger and parameterize the LLD is by using a PC with RS232 communication port (see 5.1
RS232) and a terminal program (see 4.1 Example: Establishing Communication with HyperTerminal). The
communications protocol is available in ASCII format. Before an operating sessions begins, desired parameter
settings can be made in a smart selection procedure until the measuring module is optimally adapted to the
particular measuring site conditions and the measuring job. All valid settings will be preserved on turning the
LLD off! They can only be replaced with new value entries or changed back to their standard values by running
an initialization routine.
The following is a short overview of the communications protocol
Command
Description
DT
Starts distance tracking
DS
Starts distance tracking 7 m
DW
Starts distance tracking on white target at 10 Hz
DX
Starts distance tracking on white target at 50 Hz (only LLD 50 Hz)
DF
Starts remote-triggered single distance measurement (single shot)
DM
Starts single distance measurement (single shot)
TP
Queries inner temperature
SA
Queries / sets floating average value (1...20)
SD
Queries / sets output format (dec / hex)
ST
Queries / sets time to measure (0...25)
SF
Queries / sets scale factor
SE
Queries / sets error mode (0, 1, 2)
AC
Queries / sets alarm centre
AH
Queries / sets alarm hysteresis
AW
Queries / sets alarm width
RB
Queries / sets beginning of range (4 mA)
RE
Queries / sets end of range (20 mA)
RM
Queries / sets removal of measured value
TD
Queries / sets trigger delay
TM
Queries / sets trigger mode
BR
Queries / sets baud rate
AS
Queries / sets autostart
OF
Queries / sets offset
SO
Sets current distance as offset
LO
Turns laser on
LF
Turns laser off
PA
Displays all parameter values
PR
Resets all parameters to standard values
Table 2: Short overview of communications protocol
4.1 Example:
Establishing Communication with HyperTerminal
“HyperTerminal” is a terminal program that is typically included in Win32 operating system delivery. To start
HyperTerminal (Win XP), use the starting menu in this order:
Start Programs Accessories Communication HyperTerminal

13
Initially a dialog box appears for defining a randomly selectable name of communication session you want to
begin.
A second dialog box allows you to select the serial COM port to which the LLD is connected.
A third dialog box is then displayed with various parameter setting options for this communication session. At
this point in the process, the baud rate (bits per second) and the flow control must be correctly initialized.
Figure 9: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: communication parameter settings
Figure 7: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: name of communication session
Figure 8: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: COM port selection

14
Once the third dialog box has been confirmed, the terminal window opens. Its status bar in the lower left corner
should display “Connected”. With the LLD powered and operational, commands can now be input, for example
ID.
Note:
A currently entered command will only be displayed if “Local echo“ is enabled. This function can be accessed 
via File menu File Properties “Settings“ tag ASCII Setup.
Figure 10: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: ID input
Once this command has been triggered by pressing the Enter key, the LLD should display its online help in
response.
Figure 11: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: LLD response
Before terminating a hyper terminal session, the software queries if you really want communication abandoned.
This query must be acknowledged.
Figure 12: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: disconnect query box

15
Finally (unless performed earlier), the current hyper terminal configuration can be saved for more convenience,
i.e. you don’t have to reconfigure the interface for each new hyper terminal session.
Figure 13: Establishing communication with the hyper terminal: saving a communication session
4.2 Online-Help
Once communication has been established with a PC (as described above), an online help tool can be called up
by triggering an ID [Enter] or id [Enter] command at the keypad. Its purpose is to support work with distance
measurement and parameterization commands. [Enter] corresponds to hexadecimal 0Dh (carriage return)
DT[Enter] distance tracking
DS[Enter] distance tracking 7 m
DW[Enter] distance tracking with cooperative target (10 Hz)
DX[Enter] distance tracking with cooperative target (50 Hz)
DF[Enter] distance measurement with external trigger
DM[Enter] distance measurement
TP[Enter] internal temperature [C]
SA[Enter]/SAx [Enter] display/set average value [1...20]
SD[Enter]/SDd[Enter] display/set display format [d/h]
ST[Enter]/STx[Enter] display/set measure time [0...25]
SF[Enter]/SFx.x[Enter] display/set scale factor
SE[Enter]/SEx[Enter] display/set error mode [0/1/2]
0...Iout=const., ALARM=const.
1...Iout: 3 mA @RE>RB, 21 mA @RE<RB,
ALARM: OFF@AH>0, ON@AH<0
2...Iout: 21 mA@RE>RB, 3 mA @RE<RB,
ALARM: ON@AH>0, OFF@AH<0
AC[Enter]/ACx.x[Enter] display/set ALARM center
AH[Enter]/AHx.x [Enter] display/set ALARM hysteresis
AW[Enter]/AWx.x [Enter] display/set ALARM width
RB[Enter]/RBx.x[Enter] display/set distance of Iout=4 mA
RE[Enter]/REx.x[Enter] display/set distance of Iout=20 mA
RM[Enter]/RMx y.y z[Enter] remove measurement
TD[Enter]/TDx y[Enter] display/set trigger delay [0...9999 ms] trigger level [0/1]
TM[Enter]/TMx y[Enter] display/set trigger mode [0/1] trigger level[0/1]
BR[Enter]/BRx[Enter] display/set baud rate [2400...38400]
AS[Enter]/ASd[Enter] display/set autostart command
[DT/DS/DW/DX/DF/DM/TP/LO/ID]
OF[Enter]/OFx.x[Enter] display/set distance offset
SO[Enter] set current distance to offset (offset = - distance)
LO[Enter] laser on
LF[Enter] laser off
PA[Enter] display settings
PR[Enter] reset settings

16
4.3 Commands and their functions
Command entries are not case-sensitive. This means that small and capital lettering can be used for
commands.
Any command which is to be sent to the LLD must be terminated by a hexadecimal 0Dh (carriage return)
character.
Where decimal digits are to be entered, they must be separated by period (2Eh).
For command parameter entries, one must distinguish between parameter settings and parameter queries.
Querying is achieved with a command in simple format. e.g. (for alarm centre parameters): AC[Enter]
For parameter setting, a new value must be added after the command with no delimitation sign in between, for
example: AC20.8[Enter]
In the given example, the alarm centre will be set to 20.8.
4.3.1 DT…distance tracking
Input parameter SA, SD, SE, SF, ST, OF
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output.
DT mode can be chosen for distance measurement of different kinds of surfaces (varying reflectance). Working
in this mode, the LLD uses internal algorithms to continuously evaluate the quality of laser radiation that is
received back. This may cause longer measuring times in the case of varying reflectance or sudden jumps in
distance. The minimum time to measure is 160 ms, the maximum time is 6 s. If the measuring signal fails to
reach a specified quality within six seconds, an error message is output. The time to measure may also be
limited by setting the ST parameter to a desired value.
4.3.2 DS…distance tracking 7 m
Input parameter SA, SD, SE, SF, ST, OF
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output
Mode DS can be used for measurements on different reflecting surfaces for distances between 0,1…7 m. In
comparison with mode DT the measurement frequency is higher in mode DS. Measuring time will be set with
parameter ST.
Calculation of measuring time:
Mode DS measuring time ≈ ST x 150 ms (except for ST = 0)
Mode DT measuring time ≈ ST x 240 ms (except for ST = 0)
4.3.3 DW…Distance tracking with cooperative target (10 Hz)
Input parameter SA, SD, SE, SF, OF
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output
DW mode performs at a steady measuring rate of 10 Hz. As a necessary precondition for measured values to
be stable, a white target board must be placed at the selected object. There must be no sudden jumps in
distance greater than 16 cm within the measuring field!

17
4.3.4 DX…Distance tracking with cooperative target (50 Hz)
Input parameter SA, SD, SE, SF, OF
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output
DX mode performs at a steady measuring rate of 50 Hz (only LLD). As a necessary precondition for measured
values to be stable, a white target board must be placed at the selected object. This measurement mode is
intended in the first place for objects performing homogeneous motion up to 4 m/s. For higher rates of
measurement, preceding measured values will be included in the process to calculate a currently measured
value. There must be no sudden jumps in distance greater than 16 cm within the measuring field!
4.3.5 DF…Distance measurement with external trigger
Input parameter SD, SE, SF, ST, OF, TD
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output
DF mode allows a measurement that is triggered by an external trigger pulse. Initially, after selecting this mode,
the operator does not receive any response. As soon as the trigger pulse has been detected, the LLD will send
data and switches to digital and/or analog output. Settings for trigger delay (delay) and trigger flank can be
defined via parameter TD. (see 4.3.19 TD........display / set trigger delay [0...9999 ms] trigger level [0/1])
4.3.6 DM…distance measurement
Input parameter SD, SE, SF, ST, OF
Output RS232 / RS422, digital switching output, analog output
DM mode triggers a single measurement (single shot).
4.3.7 TP…internal temperature [°C]
TP queries the value of the inner LLD temperature.
Note:
In tracking mode, the inner temperature may exceed the surrounding temperature level by as
much as 10 K.
4.3.8 SAX…display/set average value [1…20]
Standard setting: 1
SA allows you to calculate a floating average value from 1 to 20 measured values. Calculation is based on this
formula:
x1 + x2 + x3 + ... + xn (20)
Average value x = with n = SA
n

18
4.3.9 SDd….display/set display format [d/h]
Standard setting: d
SD switches between decimal (d) and hexadecimal (h) output format of measured value data. SD affects all
commands that output a distance value. Ahexadecimal output value is calculated from a given measured
distance value (in mm), multiplied by the scale factor SF. Negative distance values are output in two’s
complement notation.
Example:
Distance = 4,996 m, SF1 dec: 4,996
hex: 001384 (= 4996 mm × SF1)
Distance = 4,996 m, SF10 dec: 49,960
hex: 00C32 8 (= 49960 = 4996 mm × SF10)
4.3.10 STx….display/set measure time [0…25]
Standard setting: 0
Measuring time is directly conditional on the selected measuring mode. As a general rule, one may say: the
poorer the surface reflectance of a selected target, the longer the LLD will take to determine a given distance
with specified accuracy. For example, if error message E15 is output because of poor reflectance and
insufficient time to measure, this latter setting must be increased.
Available ST value range: 0 ... 25
Basically, the greater the time setting is the more time will be available for measurement and the lower the
resulting measuring rate. An exception therefrom is zero-value. In this case, the LLD automatically picks the
smallest possible time value for measurement! The LLD comes factory-set with ST = 0. ST is effective in the DT,
DF and DM mode of operation. The measuring time setting option can also be used to modify the measuring
rate, for example, in order to restrict the data volume or for synchronization purposes.
Measuring time can only be set as an approximate value, because the underlying principle of measurement is
subject to certain variances that cannot be accounted for:
DT measuring mode: measuring time ≈ ST x 240ms (except ST = 0)
DS measuring mode: measuring time ≈ ST x 150ms (excerpt ST = 0)
Example:
The target distance is 25 m, but the target’s reflectance is not ideal. With a measuring time setting of ST 2, E15
will be output following measurement. The user must increase the time to measure in this case!
Note: One should work in DW or DX measuring mode where stable measuring times are required.
4.3.11 SFx.x…display/set scale factor
Standard setting: 1
SF multiplies a calculated distance value with a user-selectable factor for changes in resolution or outputs in a
different unit of measure. The scale factor may also be negative.

19
Scale factor
Resolution
Output
Unit of measure
SF1
1 mm
12.345
m
SF10
0,1 mm
123.45
Dm
SF1.0936
0,01 yard
13.500
Yard
SF3.28084
0,01 feet
40.501
feet
SF0.3937
1 inch
4.860
100 inch
SF-1
1 mm
-12.345
m
Table 3: Example of scale factor
Note:
Following a change in the scale factor, the settings for digital and/ or analog output and offset must be matched
accordingly!
4.3.12 SEx….display/set error mode [0/1/2]
Standard setting: 1
SE allows you to configure how the digital switching output (alarm) and/or the analog output is to behave on
occurrence of an error message (E15, E16, E17, E18). Depending on the particular LLD application, different
reactions to an error message are possible. Available selection options are 0, 1 and 2 with the following effects
in the event of an error message:
SE
Digital Output (ALARM)
Analog Output (Iout)
0
ALARM – constant value of last valid
measurements
I
out
– constant value of last valid measurements
1
AH: Alarm = LOW
-AH: Alarm = High
RE > RB: I
out
= 3 mA
RE < RB: Iout = 21 mA
2
AH: Alarm = High
-AH: Alarm = Low
RE > RB: I
out
= 21 mA
RE < RB: Iout = 3 mA
Table 4: Digital switching output and analog output for SE = 0, 1 and 2
4.3.13 ACx.x…display/set ALARM center (switching output)
Standard setting: 1000
AC sets the beginning of the distance range, for which the switching output will be turned active. The length of
this active range can be set using the AW parameter. AC must be selected in keeping with the currently set SF
scale factor (refer to section 5.3 Digital switching output).
4.3.14 AHx.x…display/set ALARM hysteresis
(sign = Inverting yes/no, switching hysteresis)
Standard setting: +0.1
AH allows you to make parameter settings for the switching hysteresis at the beginning and the end point of the
active range of the switching output. AH must be selected so it is properly matched to the currently valid scale
factor (SF).
The mathematical sign of AH can be used to set an active state logic level:
Positive sign (“+”): active range is HIGH-active.
Negative sign (“-“): active range is LOW-active.
No sign setting means positively-signed (refer to section 5.3 Digital switching output).

20
4.3.15 AWx.x…display/set ALARM width (length of switching output)
Standard setting: 100000
AW sets the length of the active range, beginning at AC.
AW settings must be made in agreement with the currently valid SF scale factor.
AW is always equal or greater than “0” (zero).
AW is always equal or greater than |AH| (the amount of AH) (refer to section 5.3
Digital switching output).
4.3.16 RBx.x…display/set distance of Iout = 4 mA
Standard setting: 1000
RB (Range Beginning) corresponds to the starting point of the distance range that is provided at the analog
output.
A distance value = RB will generate a current Iout of 4 mA.
•RB must be set in agreement with the currently valid SF scale factor.
•RB can be greater or smaller!
•Beyond the range that was set via RB and RE, the applied current will be that of the next limiting value.
•In the event of a fault, the output value will correspond to the current that was set via parameter SE
(refer to section 4.3.12) (refer to section 5.4 Analog output).
4.3.17 REx.x…display/set distance of Iout = 4 mA
Standard setting: 2000
RE (Range End) corresponds to the end point of the distance range that is provided at the analog output.
A distance value = RE will generate a current IOUT of 20 mA.
• RE must be set in agreement of the scale factor SF
• RE can be greater or smaller as RB!
• Beyond the range that was set via RB and RE, the applied current will be that of the next limiting value.
In the event of a fault, the output value will correspond to the current that was set via parameter SE
(refer to section 4.3.12) (refer to section 5.4 Analog output).
4.3.18 RMx y.y z...... remove measurement
Standard setting: 0 0 0
RM is intended to facilitate settings for a range of expected distance values. Measuring values out of the
expectation range will be corrected automatically.
RM is only effective in DT mode.