XAG P Series Owner's manual

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XAG P-SERIES
P10/20/30 RTK
Pilot Operating Handbook
2019.07
V 1.6

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Using this Pilot Operating Handbook
Legends
Warning
Important
Hints & Tips
Before Flight
Pilot Operating Handbook have been produced to help operators make full use of the XAG P-Series RTK
Agricultural UAV
Watching all the tutorial videos is recommended. Afterwards, prepare for your first flight following the
instruction. Refer to this Handbook for more comprehensive information.
Watch the video tutorials
Please watch the tutorial video below to learn how to use XAG P-SERIES RTK Agricultural UAS correctly and
safely
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gF15fb_WWRI
Subscribe to our YouTube Channel for future updated Videos
Download the XAG APP
Be sure to use A2 Pilot phone to download the necessary APP to operate XAG P-Series UAV
Operation
Firmware Center
RTK Setting
Mapping
Container Tool
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Search for keywords in this Pilot Operating Handbook.
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View a complete list of topics in the table of contents. Click on a topic to navigate to that section.
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Contents
Product Profile 6
Introduction 6
Feature Highlights 7
Diagram – P-SERIES Airframe 8
Diagram - A2 Pilot phone 9
Diagram - ARC1 Remote Controller 10
Aircraft 12
XAG User Account 12
Device Security & Activation 12
Operation Mode 13
Flight Recorder 15
Empty Tank Warning 15
Operation Resumption 15
Terrain Tracing System 15
Aircraft Status Indicator 16
Return-to-Home (RTH) 17
Attaching and Detaching the Propellers 17
Smart Battery 19
XAG Smart Battery 19
GNSS RTK 23
XAG GNSS RTK 23
DIAGRAM – RTK Ground Module 23
DIAGRAM - GNSS RTK Rover & Portable Base Station 24
RTK Status Indicator 25
CDA Nozzles 28
DIAGRAM – CDA Nozzles 28
Liquid Container 31
DIAGRAM – Liquid Container 31
Flight 33
Flight Environment Requirements 33

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Flight Limits and NO-Fly Zones 34
Equipment Checklist 35
XAG A2 APP 39
A2 APP INTERFACE - RTK SETTING 39
INSTRUCTION – RTK SETTING 40
A2 APP INTERFACE - MAPPING 43
INSTRUCTION - MAPPING 44
A2 APP INTERFACE - OPERATION 49
Pairing Aircraft 50
Pre- Flight Checklist 51
INSTRUCTION - OPERATION 57
Operation Overview 59
Operation Flight Parameters - Enroute 60
Operation Flight Parameters - Application 61
Operation Flight Parameters - Spray 62
Operation Flight Parameters - RTH 63
Operation Flight Parameters –Flight Route 64
Emergency Procedure 67
Post-Flight Recommendation 68
Appendix 69
Specifications 69
P-Series Smart Battery 69
Propulsion System 70
Spraying System 70
Remote Controller – A2 Pilot Phone 70
Remote Controller – ARC1 71
GNSS RTK Ground Module 71
GNSS RTK Extension Rod + Battery 71
Smart Battery Charger – Power Hub 72
XAG Firmware Update 72

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Product Profile
This chapter describes the features of the
XAG P-
Series RTK UAV, contains the
diagrams of the aircraft and remote
controller with component explanations

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Product Profile
Introduction
XAG P-Series RTK UAV is a battery-powered multi-rotor aircraft designed for agricultural applications in
variety of environments and terrains. P-Series Agricultural UAS is equipped with the new SUPERX RTK Flight
Control System and XAI agricultural intelligence engine. P-Series redefines the technological boundaries of
the UAV industry with advanced industrial designs, dynamic propulsion system, and complete water-
resistant performance. P-Series inherits the DNA of XAG design, integrated body with enclosed avionics
structure, harnessed physical strength and sensory intelligence. Adopting carbon aluminum composite
reinforces the reliability of P-Series’ overall structure, able to survive harsh operating environment and
rough handling.
SUPERX RTK flight control system unifies the new hardware structure and high-performance industrial
sensors by few taps, P-SERIES can fly autonomously and avoid obstacles. Safety risk will be minimized with
the unique AI Fault Prediction.
Spraying life into the field. iRASS intelligent centrifugation technology significantly enhances spraying
precision of P-SERIES. The new macromolecule-atomizing disk weighs only 5.2g, can response to
commands (e.g. stop and resume) within 1 second, which is the potent solution to avoid spraying overlaps
or misses. Exclusive AI Diagnose & Prescription technology will provide adaptive spraying services for
various crops and pest diseases, revolutionized precision spraying
Intelligent Chemical Container of P-Series automatically senses chemical density, temperature, and volume,
accurate and reliable. During the flight, container’s information is updated uninterruptedly. Allowing the
aircraft to adjust the chemical output and differentiate flying routines, in order to prevent chemical overdose
and protect our environment.

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Feature Highlights
Intelligent Flight Battery:
The XAG™ Battery System for P-Series Agricultural UAS includes Li-Po Smart Batteries (440Wh, 660Wh,
710Wh, 800Wh) and different charging solutions, battery cost reduction up to 70%; multiple in-field
charging methods further reduce the cost of large-scale operations. Development of XBMS by XAG was to
increase the battery efficiency significantly and maximizing the operation lifespan with self-balancing
function and self-heating functions to operate in the low-temperature environment to ensure stable flight.
RTK Positioning and High Precision Navigation System
Equipped with GNSS RTK high precision navigation system, SUPERX RTK provide centimeter-level
accuracy for UAS, and capable of using Cloud RTK flying mode, meaning RTK Portable base may not be
required in area that has cellular network coverage.
Two independent onboard GNSS RTK antennas enable UAS to identify its nose direction without
compass, supports UAS to be operate in magnetic interference environment.
Radar Terrain Tracing and Optic Positioning
Millimeter Wave Radar can accurately detect the terrain up to 30 meters difference in altitude, it is
suitable for various terrains including rugged terrain.
Omni bearing 40° terrain sensing; terrain deviation ≤10cm.
When GNSS RTK or GPS is interfered, optic positioning module will be activated automatically to assist
the localization of UAS to ensure reliable operation during day and night.
Radar sensor is specially designed to be water resistant, easily being operated in harsh weather and
environment.
APAS Obstacle Avoidance and AI Fault Prediction
APAS (Advanced Pilot Automatic System) Obstacle Avoidance System enables UAS to identify obstacle
(radium ≥5cm) 20 meters away and detour around it automatically.
Near-infrared illumination technology makes obstacle avoidance possible even at night.
With ultra strong data link, the flight log can be transmitted to cloud server in real-time. XAG™ AI will
then analyze in real-time the potential faults, alerting and notifying operators in advance.

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Diagram – P-SERIES Airframe
1) Propellers
2) Motor Protective Casing
3) Nozzles
4) Atomization Disc
5) Pump Cable
6) Frame Arms
7) XCOPE
8) Landing Gear
9) Orientation LEDS
10) Motor Protective Rubber
11) XAG Smart Battery
12) Liquid Tank
13) Aircraft Hood
14) Secure Bracket
15) M1 Motor
16) M2 Motor
17) M3 Motor
18) M4 Motor
19) Antenna (R)
20) Antenna (L)
21) Radar
22) Optic Flow
23) M1 Pump
24) M2 Pump
25) M3 Pump
26) M4 Pump

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Diagram - A2 Pilot phone

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Diagram - ARC1 Remote Controller

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Aircraft
This chapter describes the features of the
Flight Controller and A2 Pilot phone

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Aircraft
XAG User Account
XAG User Account Permission
XAG Users are classified into different levels based on their operating experience and their ability. Account
Permission will directly affect what and how many systems could the user operate simultaneously.
User Account Permission
Trainee
Operator
Trainer
Single Aircraft 
Night Operation 
Swarm Operation 
Provide Training to inexperience User and
approves training achievement 
Device Security & Activation
UAS developed by XAG are precision industrial grade UAS equipped with RTK, to ensure public security and
operation safety. It can only be operated by certified personnel who have completed the theoretical and
practical courses in this field and has the comprehensive ability requirements for the profession. All XAG
UAV requires activation before any flight operation.
Device Activation
XAG UAV requires activation prior to any operations, and activation codes are provided to owner separately
from this Handbook. Device activation code maybe provided differently depends on your region and your
local distributor. Please contact your local distributor for more information…
Device Ownership & Right-of-Use
The Device owner has the operation rights to the activated device, but the device right-of-use could be
temporary leased or transferred to other operators. Device owner are able to monitor the real-time and last
XAG UAS Operators are required to register an Account at XAG User
Registration Website
https://agri.xaircraft.com/pm/#!/register

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known status of the UAV, and has the ability to lock the device if there are any illegal or inappropriate
activities.
Operation Mode
SUPERX RTK flight control system unifies the new hardware structure and high-performance industrial
sensors by few taps, P-SERIES can fly autonomously and avoid obstacles. Safety risk will be minimized with
the unique AI Fault Prediction. XAG P-Series uses a XAG dedicated SUPERX RTK flight control system,
providing multiple operation modes: Standard Pattern, Custom Waypoint, Spot Spray and Manual Mode.
Standard Pattern:
Custom Waypoint
Standard Pattern Operation mode guides the aircraft to travel
along a system generated and operator approved flight route.
The flight routes are generated after each corners of the field
are recorded, and flight parameters confirmed. In this operation
mode, operator are able to edit the parameters of Spray Width,
Boundary Safe Distance, Obstacle
Safe Distance, No Spray Safe
Distance for the field, and parameters of Speed, Height, Terrain
Following, Dosage and Atomization ration for the UAV. In this
operation mode, the aircraft will maintain distance from the
vegetation in a zigzag route.
Standard Pattern Mode
Waypoint operation mode is recommended for operators who
wish to apply liquid based material on specific area in a Point to
Point mode..
Custom Waypoint Mode

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Spot Spray
Manual Mode:
Manual Operation Mode was reintegrated into XAG Unmanned Aerial System due to the regulations set
forth by government and regulatory agencies; it was designed to allow users to take control of aircraft in
case of emergency. In Manual operation Mode, Operators are able manually adjust the flight parameters to
start and stop Spraying, Spray rate, Flight speed, Terrain Following, Return-to-Home.
WARNING
Based on the statistics on XAG UAS usage, 90% of accidents are caused by human error. XAG does not
recommend operating XAG Unmanned Aerial System in Manual Mode and bear no responsibility for
actions undertaken in Manual Mode.
XAG Spot Spray operation mode is based on precision mapping
and autopilot navigation to apply liquid precisely on the exact
location of 240 Spot/Trees per hour
If the Spot Diameter <
Spray Width, UAV will perform Spiral Spray
If the Spot Diameter > Spray Width, UAV will perform Rotary Spray
UAV will automatically apply fixed volume on each spot, hence
reducing chemical wastage. Spot Spray operation mode is
recommended for operators who wish to apply chemical on
specific location instead of the whole field.
Spot Spray Mode – Spiral Spray
Spot Diameter < Spray Width
Spot Spray Mode – Rotary Spray
Spot Diameter > Spray Width
Please watch the tutorial video from the link
below to better understand our Spot Spray
Operation mode
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBdE5I1upuQ

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Flight Recorder
Flight data is automatically recorded to the internal storage of the aircraft. You can connect the aircraft to a
computer via the USB port and export this data via A2 Pilot phone.
Empty Tank Warning
Intelligent Chemical Container of P-Series Agricultural UAV automatically senses chemical density,
temperature, and volume. Container’s information is updated uninterruptedly and viewable by XAG A2 APP
– Operation during the flight. XAG Operation APP will indicate when the liquid container is empty, and the
aircraft will return home and land automatically.
Operation Resumption
XAG Unmanned Aerial System supports the function of Operation Resumption. The Operation Resumption
functions allow the operator to temporarily pause during the operation (e.g. AI Fault Detection, Insufficient
Battery & Liquid to finish the task or other unexpected). XAG UAS automatically calculate pre-flight and
record breakpoint during operation without the needs of any manual recording.
Terrain Tracing System
XAG Terrain Tracing Radar uses Millimeters Wave can accurately detect the terrain up to 30 meters
difference in altitude, suitable for various terrains including rugged terrain. The System can accurately detect
the distance between the aircraft and the landscape or vegetation to ensure aircraft safety and even
spraying. The function is enabled by default, and can be disabled or adjusted prior to the Operation in XAG
A2 APP – Operation, when enabled, the aircraft will maintain the preset parameters above the surface.

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Aircraft Status Indicator
The Rear LED shows the status of the aircraft. The Aircraft Status indicators communicate the system status
of the flight controller.
Refer to the table below for more information about the Aircraft Status Indicators.
Normal
•• •• •••••• •• ••
Green Flash x 3
GPS Mode
•• •••••• •• ••••••
Red Flash x 2
Safe Mode
•• •••••• •• ••••••
White Flash x 2
Firmware Updating
____________
Red Solid
Aircraft self-check incomplete
Warning
•• •• •• •• ••
•••••
Yellow Fast Flash
GPS Heading Error
≥40°, Aircraft will hover for 30sec then
descend
<40°, Aircraft will continue its task with yellow
Fast Flash Warning
•• •• •• •• ••
•••••
Purple Fast Flash
FC Formatted or Abnormal Parameters
•• •• •• •• ••
•••••
Blue Fast Flash
ESC Error
•• •• •••••• •• ••
Red Flash x 3
Critical Low Battery Warning
When the battery ≤15%, Battery low voltage
warning activated.

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Return-to-Home (RTH)
Return-to-Home (RTH) function brings the aircraft back to the aircraft take-off location. There are three
types of RTH: Smart RTH, Low Battery RTH, and Failsafe RTH. This section describes these three RTH types in
detail.
Smart RTH
Operator may use the Return-to-Home option on the A2 Pilot phone, the aircraft will then automatically
return to Home and land automatically.
Low Battery RTH
Low Battery RTH is a failsafe triggered when the P-Series UAV reaches a level where it may affect the safe
return of the aircraft. Operator will be notified when the battery is running low, and the aircraft will
automatically return Home to the take-off-point. The aircraft will land automatically, operator can resume
the mission after a replacement battery is installed.
Failsafe RTH
Failsafe RTH is automatically active when the aircraft detects abnormal condition in the aircraft or the flight
environment had exceeded the normal operation parameters. The aircraft will return home automatically to
the take-off-point.
Attaching and Detaching the Propellers
Attaching the Propellers
Rotate the propeller in the locking direction.
Detaching the Propellers
Hold the motors and rotate the propeller in the unlock direction.
WARNING

Propeller blades are sharp; please handle with care

Only use XAG approved propellers. DO NOT mix propeller types

To avoid injury, stay clear of spinning motors. DO NOT touch the propellers when they are
spinning.

Ensure to check that the propellers and motors are installed firmly and correctly before each
flight

Ensure that are propellers are in good condition before each flight. DO NOT use aged, chipped, or
broken propellers.

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Smart Battery
This chapter describes the features of the
XAG Smart Battery, contains the diagrams
of the P-
Series Battery with component
explanations

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Smart Battery
XAG Smart Battery
P-Series Smart battery features upgraded battery cells and XAG Battery Management System (XBMS),
providing up to 25 minutes of mission time, servicing area up to 2 ha per mission. All XAG P-Series Smart
Batteries have additional self-balancing and self-heating function to increase battery life and efficiency, and
ensuring stable operation during low temperature environment.
XAG Smart Battery Functions
1. Battery Level Display:
The LED indicators display the current battery level.
2. Auto-Discharging:
To prevent swelling, the battery automatically discharges to 30% of
total capacity when it is idle.
3. Balanced Charging:
Automatically balances the voltage of each battery cell when
charging.
4. Overcharge Protection
Charging automatically stops when the battery is fully charged.
5. Operating Temperature:
The Aircraft will only operate when the temperature is between -
10°C to 40°C
6. Over Current Protection:
The battery stops charging when a high amperage (more than
10A) is detected
7. Over Discharge Protection:
Over discharging can seriously damage the battery. Current output
will be cut off when the battery cell is discharged to 2.8V when not
in flight mode. Battery voltage below 2 V may cause a safety
hazard. To prevent this, the battery will not be able to charge if the
voltage of a single battery cell is below 2 V. Avoid using any
batteries matching this description.
8. Short Circuit Protection
Automatically cuts the power supply when a short circuit is
detected.
9. Battery Cell Damage Protection
A2 Pilot phone displays a warning message when a damaged
battery cell is detected.
10. Communication
Information pertaining to the battery’s voltage, capacity, current,
etc is transmitted to the A2 Pilot phone
11. Heating:
Batteries are able to work even in cold weather, ensuring a safe
flight.

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Battery Level Indicators while charging (Battery)
LED 1
LED 2
LED 3
LED 4
LED 5
Battery Level
0%-10%
10%-30%
30%-50%
50%-70%
70%-90%
90%-100%
Fully Charged
Battery Level Indicators
LED 1
LED 2
LED 3
LED 4
LED 5
Battery Level
Battery Locked
Low Voltage
10%-30%
30%-50%
50%-70%
70%-90%
90%-100%