ZyXEL Communications P-660R-Tx Series Manual

P-660R-Tx Series
ADSL2+ Ethernet Router
Support Notes
Version 1.01
Mar. 2010
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All contents copyright © 2010 ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

P-660R-Tx Series Support Note
OS FAQ..............................................................................................................4
1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx Command Line Interface (CLI)?.............4
2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file ?...............................4
3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx configurations by using TFTP client program
via LAN?........................................................................................................5
4. What should I do if I forget the system password?....................................5
5. How to use the Reset button?...................................................................5
6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA?...................................................5
7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT?....................6
8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside
Internet? How can I do it?..............................................................................6
9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)?.................6
10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support?.....................................7
11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support?............................8
12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks?.......................................8
Product FAQ ....................................................................................................9
1. How can I manage P-660R-Tx? ................................................................9
2. What is the default password for Web Configurator? ................................9
3. How do I know the P-660R-Tx's WAN IP address assigned by the ISP?..9
4. What is Traffic Shaping? ...........................................................................9
5. Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P-660R-Tx?..............................9
6. What do the parameters (PCR, SCR, and MBS) mean?.........................10
7. What do the ATM QoS Types (CBR, UBR, VBR, rtVBR, nrtVBR) mean?10
8. The P-660R-Tx supports Bridge and Router mode, what's the difference
between them?............................................................................................11
9. How do I know I am using PPPoE?.........................................................11
10. Why does my provider use PPPoE?......................................................11
11. When do I need to choose dynamic IP?................................................11
12. What is DDNS? .....................................................................................13
13. When do I need DDNS service?............................................................13
14. What is DDNS wildcard? Does the P-660R-Tx support DDNS wildcard?13
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Note
15. Can the P-660R-Tx's SUA (Simple IP) handle IPSec packets sent by the
IPSec gateway? ..........................................................................................14
16. How do I setup P-660R-Tx for routing IPSec packets over SUA?.........14
17. What is IP Policy Routing (IPPR)?.........................................................15
18. How does the IPPR work?.....................................................................16
19. What is CWMP?....................................................................................16
20. How to configure CWMP on P-660R-Tx?..............................................16
21. How to configure ACL?..........................................................................18
22. What is UPnP?......................................................................................19
ADSL FAQ.......................................................................................................20
1. How does ADSL compare to Cable modems? ........................................20
2. What is the micro-filter or splitter used for?.............................................20
3. How do I know the ADSL line is up?........................................................20
4. Does the VC-based multiplexing perform better than the LLC-based
multiplexing? ...............................................................................................20
5. How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics? ............................21
6. What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector? ..............................21
Application Notes .........................................................................................22
1. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx under Bridge mode............................22
2. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx under Routing mode..........................24
3. Make use of Bridge Interface in Routing mode........................................26
4. Setup the P-660R-Tx as a DHCP Relay..................................................27
5. SUA Notes...............................................................................................29
6. Using Full Feature NAT...........................................................................38
7. Using the Dynamic DNS (DDNS) ............................................................46
8. Network Management Using SNMP........................................................48
9. Using system log.....................................................................................50
10. Using IP Alias........................................................................................51
11. Using IP Multicast..................................................................................53
12. How to configure packet filter on P-660R-Tx?.......................................55
Support Tool..................................................................................................59
1. LAN/WAN Packet Trace..........................................................................59
CI Command Reference...............................................................................63
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All contents copyright © 2010 ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

P-660R-Tx Series Support Note
OS FAQ
1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx Command Line Interface (CLI)?
The Command Line Interface is for the administrator use only, and it could be
accessed via telnet session.
Begin telnet session:
(1) Choose “start”on your computer →“run”
(2) Input “cmd”and enter
(3) Input “telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx”( note that there is a space between the two),
(4) Enter to login in the CLI.
Note: It is protected by super password, “1234”by factory default.
2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file?
You can do this if you access the P-660R-Tx as administrator. You can upload
the firmware and configuration file to P-660R-Tx from Web Configurator, or
using FTP software. You CAN NOT upload the firmware and configuration file via
Telnet because the Telnet connection will be dropped during uploading the
firmware. Please do not power off the router right after the FTP uploading is
finished, the router will upload the firmware to its flash at this moment.
(1) Update on web configuration page, Advanced Setup，
Maintenance -> Firmware
You can check your current firmware version and upgrade the firmware of
the Router in this page. Make sure the firmware you want to use is on the
local hard drive of the computer. Click on Browse to browse the local hard
drive and locate the firmware to be used for upgrade.
(2) Update firmware with FTP
a) Use the FTP client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx.
Note that it is protected by username and password, “admin”and
“1234”by default.
b) To update firmware, you need to use the command: put xx.bin ras for
firmware or put xx.rom rom-0 for rom file.
xx.bin means the firmware on your local hard drive and xx.rom means
rom file on your local hard drive. You can simply draw them into the
window.
Note: There may be firmware that could not be upgraded from Web
Configurator. In this case, ZyXEL will prepare special Upload Software
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
for you. Please read the firmware release note carefully when you want to
upload a new firmware.
3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx configurations by using TFTP client
program via LAN?
a. Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx.
b. Enter CI command 'sys stdio 0' disable Stdio idle timeout
c. To backup the P-660R-Tx configurations, use TFTP client program to
get file “rom-0”from the P-660R-Tx.
d. To restore the P-660R-Tx configurations, use the TFTP client
program to put your configuration in file rom-0 in the P-660R-Tx.
4. What should I do if I forget the system password?
In case you forget the system password, you can erase the current
configuration and restore factory defaults this way:
Use the RESET button on the rear panel of P-660R-Tx to reset the router.
After the router is reset, the LAN IP address will be reset to '192.168.1.1', the
password will be reset to “1234”.
5. How to use the Reset button?
a. Turn your P-660R-Tx on. Make sure the POWER led is on (not
blinking)
b. Press the RESET button for ten seconds and then release it. If the
POWER LED begins to blink, the default configuration has been
restored and the P-660R-Tx restarts.
6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA?
SUA (Single User Account) is a unique feature supported by P-660R-Tx router
which allows multiple people to access Internet concurrently for the cost of a
single user account.
When P-660R-Tx acting as SUA receives a packet from a local client destined
for the outside Internet, it replaces the source address in the IP packet header
with its own address and the source port in the TCP or UDP header with another
value chosen out of a local pool. It then recomputed the appropriate header
checksums and forwards the packet to the Internet as if it is originated from
P-660R-Tx using the IP address assigned by ISP. When reply packets from the
external Internet are received by P-660R-Tx, the original IP source address and
TCP/UDP source port numbers are written into
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
the destination fields of the packet (since it is now moving in the opposite
direction), the checksums are recomputed, and the packet is delivered to its
true destination. This is because SUA keeps a table of the IP addresses and
port numbers of the local systems currently using it.
7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT?
When you edit a remote node in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup,
Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Number of IPs, there will be two options for you:
Single
Multiple
Single here means SUA (Single User Account). In previous versions is a NAT
set with 2 rules: Many-to-One and Server. With SUA, 'visible' servers had to be
mapped to different ports, since the servers share only one global IP.
The P-660R-Tx now has Multiple, stands for Full Feature NAT, which supports
five types of IP/Port mapping: One to One, Many to One, Many to Many
Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. You can make special
application when you select Multiple. For example: With multiple global IP
addresses, multiple severs using the same port (e.g., FTP servers using port
21/20) are allowed on the LAN for outside access.
The P-660R-Tx supports NAT sets on a remote node basis. They are reusable,
but only one set is allowed for each remote node. The P-660R-Tx supports 8 sets
since there are 8 remote nodes.
8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside
Internet? How can I do it?
Yes, it is possible because P-660R-Tx delivers the packet to the local server by
looking up to a SUA server table. Therefore, to make a local server accessible to
the outside users, the port number and the inside IP address of the server must
be configured. (You can configure it in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup,
Advanced Setup -> NAT -> DMZ.
9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)?
Make multiple local servers on the LAN accessible from outside with
multiple global IP addresses
With Single IP (SUA), 'visible' servers had to be mapped to different ports, since
the servers share only one global IP. But when you select Multiple IPs
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
(Full Feature), you can make multiple local servers (mapping the same port or not)
on the LAN accessible from outside with multiple global IP addresses.
Support Non-NAT Friendly Applications
Some servers providing Internet applications such as some MIRC servers do
not allow users to login using the same IP address. Thus, users on the same
network can not login to the same server simultaneously. In this case it is
better to use Many-to-Many No Overload or One-to-One NAT mapping types,
thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address.
10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support?
There is a Virtual Server column in Advanced Setup-> NAT. We can
configure a IP/Port mapping table there.
Multi-NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping: One to One, Many to One,
Many to Many Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. The details of
the mapping between ILA and IGA are described as below. Here we define the
local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses (ILA) and the global IP
addresses as the Inside Global Address (IGA),
One to One: In One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx maps one ILA to one
IGA.
Many to One: In Many-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx maps multipleILA
to one IGA. This is equivalent to SUA (i.e., PAT, port address translation).
Many to Many Overload: In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the
P-660R-Tx maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA.
Many One-to-One: In Many One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx
maps each ILA to unique IGA.
Server: In Server mode, the P-660R-Tx maps multiple inside servers to
one global IP address. This allows us to specify multiple servers of different
types behind the NAT for outside access. Note that if you want to map
each server to one unique IGA please use the One-to-One mode.
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
The following table summarizes the five types.
NAT Type
IP Mapping
One-to-One
ILA1<--->IGA1
Many-to-One
(SUA/PAT)
ILA1<--->IGA1
ILA2<--->IGA1
...
Many-to-Many
Overload
ILA1<--->IGA1
ILA2<--->IGA2
ILA3<--->IGA1
ILA4<--->IGA2
...
Many
One-to-One
ILA1<--->IGA1
ILA2<--->IGA2
ILA3<--->IGA3
ILA4<--->IGA4
...
Server
Server 1 IP<--->IGA1
Server 2 IP<--->IGA1
11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support?
The P-660R-Tx does not limit the number of the users but the number of the
NAT sessions. The P-660R-Tx supports 1024 sessions.
12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks?
The P-660R-Tx's filter sets provide a means to protect against IP spoofing
attacks. The basic scheme is according to your need to set different filter type.
There are three types of filter: IP/MAC Filter, Application Filter, and URL Filter.
You can use IP/MAC filter to decide the input data or output one to be filtered or
you may simply set filter conditions depend on your application or URL.
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All contents copyright © 2010 ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
Product FAQ
1. How can I manage P-660R-Tx?
English Web GUI for Local and Remote management
CLI (Command-line interface)
Telnet support (Administrator Password Protected ) for remote
configuration change and status monitoring
FTP sever, firmware upgrade and configuration backup and restore are
supported(Administrator Password Protected)
2. What is the default password for Web Configurator?
By factory default the password for P-660R-Tx Web Configurator is 1234.
You can login in as an administrator. You can change the password after you
logging in the Web Configurator.
Please record your new password whenever you change it. The system will
lock you out if you have forgotten your password.
3. How do I know the P-660R-Tx's WAN IP address assigned by the ISP?
You can view " IP Address<from ISP>: x.x.x.x" shown in Web Configurator
Status->Device Info ->WAN ‟ to check this IP address.
4. What is Traffic Shaping？
Traffic Shaping allocates the bandwidth to WAN dynamically and aims at
boosting the efficiency of the bandwidth. If there are several VCs in the
P-660R-Tx but only one VC activated at one time, the P-660R-Tx allocates
all the Bandwidth to the VC and the VC gets full bandwidth. If another VCs
are activated later, the bandwidth is yield to other VCs after ward.
5. Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P-660R-Tx?
The P-660R-Tx must manage traffic fairly and provide bandwidth allocation for
different sorts of applications, such as voice, video, and data. All applications
have their own natural bit rate. Large data transactions have a fluctuating natural
bit rate. The P-660R-Tx is able to support variable traffic among different virtual
connections. Certain traffic may be discarded if the virtual connection
experiences congestion. Traffic shaping defines a set of actions taken by the
P-660R-Tx to avoid congestion; traffic shaping takes measures to adapt to
unpredictable fluctuations in traffic flows and other problems among virtual
connections.
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P-660R-Tx Series Support Notes
6. What do the parameters (PCR, SCR, and MBS) mean?
Traffic shaping parameters (PCR, SCR, MBS) can be set in Web Configurator,
Interface Setup, Interface Setup -> Internet -> QoS:
Peak Cell Rate (PCR): The maximum bandwidth allocated to this connection.
The VC connection throughput is limited by PCR.
Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR): The least guaranteed bandwidth of a VC.
When there are multi-VCs on the same line, the VC throughput is guaranteed by
SCR.
Maximum Burst Size(MBS): The amount of cells transmitted through this VC
at the Peak Cell Rate before yielding to other VCs. Total bandwidth of the line is
dedicated to single VC if there is only one VC on the line. However, as the other
VC asking the bandwidth, the MBS defines the maximum number of cells
transmitted via this VC with Peak Cell rate before yielding to other VCs.
The P-660R-Tx holds the parameters for shaping the traffic among its virtual
channels. If you do not need traffic shaping, please set SCR = 0, MBS =
0 and PCR as the maximum value according to the line rate (for example, 2.3
Mbps line rate will result PCR as 5424 cell/sec.)
7. What do the ATM QoS Types (CBR, UBR, VBR, rtVBR, nrtVBR) mean?
Constant bit rate (CBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that requires
the user to determine a fixed bandwidth requirement at the time the connection
is set up so that the data can be sent in a steady stream. CBR service is often
used when transmitting fixed-rate uncompressed video.
Unspecified bit rate (UBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that
does not guarantee any throughput levels and uses only available
bandwidth. UBR is often used when transmitting data that can tolerate
delays, such as e-mail.
Variable bit rate (VBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that allows users to
specify a throughput capacity (i.e., a peak rate) and a sustained rate but data is
not sent evenly. You can select VBR for burst traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications. It contains two subclasses:
Non-real time variable bit rate (nrtVBR) and Real time variable bit rate
(rtVBR).
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All contents copyright © 2010 ZyXEL Communications Corporation.