ABB Relion 670 series Instructions for use

RELION® 670 SERIES
—
Line distance protection REL670
Version 2.2 ANSI
Application manual

Document ID: 1MRK 506 369-UUS
Issued: May 2017
Revision: -
Product version: 2.2
© Copyright 2017 ABB. All rights reserved

Copyright
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor
used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and
may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL
Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/) This product includes cryptographic software written/
developed by: Eric Young ([email protected]) and Tim Hudson ([email protected]).
Trademarks
ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or product
names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective holders.
Warranty
Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative.

Disclaimer
The data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or
product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties. All
persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy
themselves that each intended application is suitable and acceptable, including that any
applicable safety or other operational requirements are complied with. In particular, any
risks in applications where a system failure and/or product failure would create a risk for
harm to property or persons (including but not limited to personal injuries or death) shall
be the sole responsibility of the person or entity applying the equipment, and those so
responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or
mitigate such risks.
This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be completely
ruled out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to notify the
manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no event shall ABB
be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the
application of the equipment.

Conformity
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities on
the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use
within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is
the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standard EN
60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN
60255-27 for the low voltage directive. The product is designed in accordance with the
international standards of the IEC 60255 series and ANSI C37.90.

Table of contents
Section 1 Introduction..........................................................................29
This manual............................................................................................ 29
Intended audience.................................................................................. 29
Product documentation...........................................................................30
Product documentation set................................................................30
Document revision history................................................................. 31
Related documents............................................................................32
Document symbols and conventions...................................................... 32
Symbols.............................................................................................32
Document conventions...................................................................... 33
IEC 61850 edition 1 / edition 2 mapping.................................................34
Section 2 Application...........................................................................45
General IED application..........................................................................45
Main protection functions........................................................................46
Back-up protection functions.................................................................. 48
Control and monitoring functions............................................................ 49
Communication.......................................................................................55
Basic IED functions.................................................................................58
Section 3 Configuration....................................................................... 61
Introduction.............................................................................................61
Description of configuration REL670...................................................... 62
Introduction........................................................................................62
Description of configuration A41...................................................62
Description of configuration A42...................................................64
Description of configuration B42...................................................65
Description of configuration D42.................................................. 66
Section 4 Analog inputs.......................................................................67
Introduction.............................................................................................67
Setting guidelines................................................................................... 67
Setting of the phase reference channel.............................................67
Example........................................................................................68
Setting of current channels................................................................68
Example 1.....................................................................................69
Example 2.....................................................................................69
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 1
Application manual

Example 3.....................................................................................70
Examples on how to connect, configure and set CT inputs for
most commonly used CT connections..........................................73
Example on how to connect a wye connected three-phase CT
set to the IED................................................................................74
Example how to connect delta connected three-phase CT set
to the IED......................................................................................79
Example how to connect single-phase CT to the IED.................. 82
Relationships between setting parameter Base Current, CT rated
primary current and minimum pickup of a protection IED..................84
Setting of voltage channels............................................................... 84
Example........................................................................................84
Examples how to connect, configure and set VT inputs for
most commonly used VT connections..........................................85
Examples on how to connect a three phase-to-ground
connected VT to the IED.............................................................. 86
Example on how to connect a phase-to-phase connected VT
to the IED......................................................................................88
Example on how to connect an open delta VT to the IED for
high impedance grounded or ungrounded networks.................... 90
Example how to connect the open delta VT to the IED for low
impedance grounded or solidly grounded power systems........... 93
Example on how to connect a neutral point VT to the IED........... 96
Section 5 Local HMI............................................................................ 99
Display..................................................................................................100
LEDs.....................................................................................................103
Keypad..................................................................................................104
Local HMI functionality..........................................................................106
Protection and alarm indication....................................................... 106
Parameter management .................................................................107
Front communication....................................................................... 108
Section 6 Wide area measurement system.......................................109
C37.118 Phasor Measurement Data Streaming Protocol
Configuration PMUCONF..................................................................... 109
Identification.................................................................................... 109
Application....................................................................................... 109
Operation principle.......................................................................... 109
Short guidance for use of TCP................................................... 110
Short guidance for use of UDP...................................................111
Protocol reporting via IEEE 1344 and C37.118 PMUREPORT............ 113
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2Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual

Identification.................................................................................... 113
Application....................................................................................... 114
Operation principle.......................................................................... 116
Frequency reporting................................................................... 118
Reporting filters.......................................................................... 120
Scaling Factors for ANALOGREPORT channels....................... 121
PMU Report Function Blocks Connection Rules in PCM600
Application Configuration Tool (ACT)......................................... 123
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 129
Section 7 Differential protection........................................................ 135
High impedance differential protection, single phase HZPDIF (87)......135
Identification.................................................................................... 135
Application....................................................................................... 135
The basics of the high impedance principle............................... 136
Connection examples for high impedance differential protection.... 142
Connections for three-phase high impedance differential
protection....................................................................................142
Connections for 1Ph High impedance differential protection
HZPDIF (87)............................................................................... 143
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 144
Configuration.............................................................................. 145
Settings of protection function.................................................... 145
T-feeder protection..................................................................... 145
Tertiary reactor protection.......................................................... 148
Alarm level operation..................................................................151
Additional security logic for differential protection LDRGFC (11)......... 152
Identification.................................................................................... 152
Application....................................................................................... 152
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 154
Section 8 Impedance protection........................................................157
Distance measuring zone, quadrilateral characteristic for series
compensated lines ZMCPDIS (21), ZMCAPDIS (21), ZDSRDIR (21D)157
Identification.................................................................................... 157
Application....................................................................................... 157
Introduction.................................................................................157
System grounding.......................................................................158
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 160
Load encroachment....................................................................161
Long transmission line application..............................................162
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 3
Application manual

Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 163
Tapped line application...............................................................170
Series compensation in power systems..................................... 173
Challenges in protection of series compensated and adjacent
power lines................................................................................. 181
Impact of series compensation on protective IED of adjacent
lines............................................................................................ 193
Distance protection.....................................................................194
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 202
General.......................................................................................202
Setting of zone1..........................................................................202
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................203
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................204
Series compensated and adjacent lines.....................................204
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 210
Setting of reach in resistive direction..........................................212
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function212
Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function
activated..................................................................................... 214
Setting of minimum operating currents.......................................214
Setting of timers for distance protection zones...........................215
Phase selection, quad, fixed angle, load encroachment FDPSPDIS
(21)....................................................................................................... 215
Identification.................................................................................... 215
Identification............................................................................... 215
Application....................................................................................... 216
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 216
Load encroachment characteristics............................................216
Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic..............222
Minimum operate currents..........................................................223
Distance measuring zones, quadrilateral characteristic ZMQPDIS
(21), ZMQAPDIS (21), ZDRDIR (21D)..................................................223
Identification.................................................................................... 223
Application....................................................................................... 224
System grounding.......................................................................224
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 227
Load encroachment....................................................................228
Short line application.................................................................. 229
Long transmission line application..............................................230
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 231
Tapped line application...............................................................239
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4Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual

Setting guidelines............................................................................ 241
General.......................................................................................241
Setting of zone 1.........................................................................242
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................242
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................243
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 244
Setting of reach in resistive direction..........................................245
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function246
Load impedance limitation, with Phase selection with load
encroachment, quadrilateral characteristic function activated ...248
Setting of minimum operating currents.......................................248
Directional impedance element for quadrilateral characteristics 248
Setting of timers for distance protection zones...........................251
Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic ZMHPDIS (21).. 251
Identification.................................................................................... 251
Application....................................................................................... 251
Functionality............................................................................... 251
System grounding.......................................................................252
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 255
Load encroachment....................................................................256
Short line application.................................................................. 258
Long transmission line application..............................................259
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 260
Tapped line application...............................................................265
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 266
General.......................................................................................266
Setting of zone 1.........................................................................267
Setting of zone 2.........................................................................268
Setting of zone 3.........................................................................268
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................268
Consideration of zero sequence mutual coupling for parallel
circuits........................................................................................ 274
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function274
Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function
activated..................................................................................... 277
Setting of minimum operate currents..........................................277
Setting of directional mode......................................................... 277
Setting of direction for offset mho...............................................277
Setting of timers for distance protection zones...........................277
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 5
Application manual

Full-scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for earth faults
ZMMPDIS (21), ZMMAPDIS (21)......................................................... 278
Identification.................................................................................... 278
Application....................................................................................... 278
Introduction.................................................................................278
System grounding.......................................................................279
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 282
Load encroachment....................................................................283
Short line application.................................................................. 284
Long transmission line application..............................................285
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 285
Tapped line application...............................................................291
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 294
General.......................................................................................294
Setting of zone1..........................................................................294
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................294
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................295
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 296
Setting of reach in resistive direction..........................................297
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function298
Load impedance limitation, with load encroachment function
activated..................................................................................... 299
Setting of minimum operating currents.......................................300
Setting of timers for distance protection zones...........................300
Additional distance protection directional function for earth faults
ZDARDIR..............................................................................................300
Identification.................................................................................... 301
Application....................................................................................... 301
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 301
Mho impedance supervision logic ZSMGAPC......................................303
Identification.................................................................................... 303
Application....................................................................................... 303
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 304
Faulty phase identification with load encroachment FMPSPDIS (21).. 305
Identification.................................................................................... 305
Application....................................................................................... 305
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 306
Load encroachment....................................................................307
Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic, separate
settings ZMRPDIS (21), ZMRAPDIS (21) and ZDRDIR (21D)............. 308
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Application manual

Identification.................................................................................... 309
Application....................................................................................... 309
System grounding.......................................................................309
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 313
Load encroachment....................................................................314
Short line application.................................................................. 315
Long transmission line application..............................................316
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 316
Tapped line application...............................................................323
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 325
General.......................................................................................325
Setting of zone 1.........................................................................326
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................326
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................327
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 328
Setting of reach in resistive direction..........................................329
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function330
Load impedance limitation, with Phase selection with load
encroachment, quadrilateral characteristic function activated ...332
Setting of minimum operating currents.......................................332
Setting of timers for distance protection zones...........................333
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle
FRPSPDIS (21).................................................................................... 333
Identification.................................................................................... 333
Application....................................................................................... 333
Load encroachment characteristics.................................................339
Phase-to-ground fault in forward direction..................................340
Phase-to-ground fault in reverse direction..................................342
Phase-to-phase fault in forward direction................................... 343
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 345
Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic..............346
Minimum operate currents..........................................................347
Phase selection, quad, fixed angle, load encroachment FDPSPDIS
(21)....................................................................................................... 347
Identification.................................................................................... 347
Identification............................................................................... 347
Application....................................................................................... 347
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 348
Load encroachment characteristics............................................348
Resistive reach with load encroachment characteristic..............354
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 7
Application manual

Minimum operate currents..........................................................355
High speed distance protection ZMFPDIS (21).................................... 355
Identification.................................................................................... 355
Application....................................................................................... 355
System grounding.......................................................................356
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 359
Load encroachment....................................................................360
Short line application.................................................................. 361
Long transmission line application..............................................362
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 363
Tapped line application...............................................................370
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 372
General.......................................................................................372
Setting of zone 1.........................................................................373
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................373
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................374
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 375
Setting the reach with respect to load........................................ 376
Zone reach setting lower than minimum load impedance.......... 377
Zone reach setting higher than minimum load impedance.........379
Other settings............................................................................. 380
High speed distance protection for series compensated lines
ZMFCPDIS (21).................................................................................... 383
Identification.................................................................................... 383
Application....................................................................................... 384
System grounding.......................................................................384
Fault infeed from remote end..................................................... 386
Load encroachment....................................................................387
Short line application.................................................................. 388
Long transmission line application..............................................389
Parallel line application with mutual coupling............................. 390
Tapped line application...............................................................398
Series compensation in power systems.......................................... 400
Steady state voltage regulation and increase of voltage
collapse limit............................................................................... 400
Increase in power transfer.......................................................... 402
Voltage and current inversion.....................................................403
Impact of series compensation on protective IED of adjacent
lines............................................................................................ 411
Distance protection.....................................................................413
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8Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual

Underreaching and overreaching schemes................................413
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 420
General.......................................................................................420
Setting of zone 1.........................................................................421
Setting of overreaching zone......................................................421
Setting of reverse zone...............................................................422
Series compensated and adjacent lines.....................................423
Setting of zones for parallel line application............................... 427
Setting of reach in resistive direction..........................................429
Load impedance limitation, without load encroachment function430
Zone reach setting higher than minimum load impedance.........431
Parameter setting guidelines...................................................... 432
Power swing detection ZMRPSB (68).................................................. 435
Identification.................................................................................... 435
Application....................................................................................... 435
General.......................................................................................435
Basic characteristics...................................................................436
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 436
Power swing logic PSLPSCH .............................................................. 444
Identification.................................................................................... 444
Application....................................................................................... 444
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 446
Scheme communication and tripping for faults occurring
during power swinging over the protected line........................... 446
Blocking and tripping logic for evolving power swings................451
Pole slip protection PSPPPAM (78)......................................................452
Identification.................................................................................... 452
Application....................................................................................... 453
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 455
Setting example for line application............................................457
Setting example for generator application.................................. 462
Out-of-step protection OOSPPAM (78)................................................ 467
Identification.................................................................................... 467
Application....................................................................................... 467
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 470
Automatic switch onto fault logic ZCVPSOF ........................................474
Identification.................................................................................... 474
Application....................................................................................... 474
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 475
Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ......................................................... 476
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 9
Application manual

Identification.................................................................................... 476
Application....................................................................................... 476
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 480
Phase preference logic PPL2PHIZ....................................................... 481
Identification.................................................................................... 481
Application....................................................................................... 481
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 485
Section 9 Current protection..............................................................487
Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC (50).................. 487
Identification.................................................................................... 487
Application....................................................................................... 487
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 488
Meshed network without parallel line..........................................489
Meshed network with parallel line...............................................491
Directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps
OC4PTOC(51_67)................................................................................ 492
Identification.................................................................................... 492
Application....................................................................................... 492
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 494
Settings for each step.................................................................495
Setting example..........................................................................499
Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection EFPIOC (50N)............. 504
Identification.................................................................................... 504
Application....................................................................................... 504
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 504
Directional residual overcurrent protection, four steps EF4PTOC
(51N/67N)............................................................................................. 507
Identification.................................................................................... 507
Application....................................................................................... 508
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 510
Common settings for all steps.................................................... 510
2nd harmonic restrain.................................................................512
Parallel transformer inrush current logic.....................................512
Switch onto fault logic.................................................................513
Settings for each step (x = 1, 2, 3 and 4)................................... 514
Line application example............................................................ 517
Four step directional negative phase sequence overcurrent
protection NS4PTOC (46I2)..................................................................522
Identification.................................................................................... 522
Application....................................................................................... 522
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Application manual

Setting guidelines............................................................................ 524
Settings for each step ................................................................524
Common settings for all steps.................................................... 527
Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power protection
SDEPSDE (67N)...................................................................................528
Identification.................................................................................... 529
Application....................................................................................... 529
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 531
Breaker failure protection CCRBRF(50BF)...........................................540
Identification.................................................................................... 540
Application....................................................................................... 540
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 540
Stub protection STBPTOC (50STB)..................................................... 544
Identification.................................................................................... 544
Application....................................................................................... 544
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 545
Pole discrepancy protection CCPDSC(52PD)...................................... 546
Identification.................................................................................... 546
Application....................................................................................... 546
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 547
Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP (37)..............................547
Identification.................................................................................... 548
Application....................................................................................... 548
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 550
Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP (32)................................554
Identification.................................................................................... 554
Application....................................................................................... 554
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 556
Broken conductor check BRCPTOC (46)............................................. 560
Identification.................................................................................... 560
Application....................................................................................... 560
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 561
Voltage-restrained time overcurrent protection VRPVOC (51V)...........561
Identification.................................................................................... 561
Application....................................................................................... 561
Base quantities........................................................................... 562
Application possibilities...............................................................562
Undervoltage seal-in...................................................................563
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 563
Explanation of the setting parameters........................................ 564
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 11
Application manual

Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection for generator and
step-up transformer.................................................................... 565
Overcurrent protection with undervoltage seal-in....................... 565
Section 10 Voltage protection............................................................. 567
Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV (27)................................567
Identification.................................................................................... 567
Application....................................................................................... 567
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 568
Equipment protection, such as for motors and generators.........568
Disconnected equipment detection............................................ 568
Power supply quality ..................................................................568
Voltage instability mitigation....................................................... 568
Backup protection for power system faults.................................569
Settings for two step undervoltage protection............................ 569
Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV (59)................................. 570
Identification.................................................................................... 571
Application....................................................................................... 571
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 572
Equipment protection, such as for motors, generators,
reactors and transformers.......................................................... 572
Equipment protection, capacitors............................................... 572
Power supply quality...................................................................572
High impedance grounded systems........................................... 573
The following settings can be done for the two step
overvoltage protection................................................................ 573
Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV (59N)...............575
Identification.................................................................................... 575
Application....................................................................................... 575
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 576
Equipment protection, such as for motors, generators,
reactors and transformersEquipment protection
for transformers.......................................................................... 576
Equipment protection, capacitors............................................... 576
Power supply quality...................................................................576
High impedance grounded systems........................................... 577
Direct grounded system..............................................................577
Settings for two step residual overvoltage protection................. 578
Overexcitation protection OEXPVPH (24)............................................ 580
Identification.................................................................................... 580
Application....................................................................................... 580
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Application manual

Setting guidelines............................................................................ 582
Recommendations for input and output signals......................... 582
Settings.......................................................................................583
Service value report....................................................................584
Setting example..........................................................................584
Voltage differential protection VDCPTOV (60)..................................... 586
Identification.................................................................................... 586
Application....................................................................................... 586
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 588
Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV (27).................................................. 590
Identification.................................................................................... 590
Application....................................................................................... 590
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 590
Advanced users settings............................................................ 590
Radial feeder protection PAPGAPC (27)..............................................590
Identification.................................................................................... 590
Application....................................................................................... 591
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 591
Section 11 Frequency protection.........................................................593
Underfrequency protection SAPTUF (81).............................................593
Identification.................................................................................... 593
Application....................................................................................... 593
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 594
Overfrequency protection SAPTOF (81)...............................................594
Identification.................................................................................... 595
Application....................................................................................... 595
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 595
Rate-of-change of frequency protection SAPFRC (81)........................ 596
Identification.................................................................................... 596
Application....................................................................................... 596
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 597
Section 12 Multipurpose protection..................................................... 599
General current and voltage protection CVGAPC................................ 599
Identification.................................................................................... 599
Application....................................................................................... 599
Current and voltage selection for CVGAPC function..................600
Base quantities for CVGAPC function........................................ 603
Application possibilities...............................................................603
Inadvertent generator energization.............................................604
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Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI 13
Application manual

Setting guidelines............................................................................ 605
Directional negative sequence overcurrent protection............... 605
Negative sequence overcurrent protection.................................607
Generator stator overload protection in accordance with IEC
or ANSI standards...................................................................... 610
Open phase protection for transformer, lines or generators
and circuit breaker head flashover protection for generators..... 612
Voltage restrained overcurrent protection for generator and
step-up transformer.................................................................... 613
Loss of excitation protection for a generator.............................. 613
Section 13 System protection and control...........................................617
Multipurpose filter SMAIHPAC..............................................................617
Identification.................................................................................... 617
Application....................................................................................... 617
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 619
Setting example..........................................................................619
Section 14 Secondary system supervision..........................................623
Current circuit supervision (87).............................................................623
Identification.................................................................................... 623
Application....................................................................................... 623
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 624
Fuse failure supervision FUFSPVC...................................................... 624
Identification.................................................................................... 624
Application....................................................................................... 624
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 625
General.......................................................................................625
Setting of common parameters.................................................. 625
Negative sequence based.......................................................... 626
Zero sequence based.................................................................627
Delta V and delta I ..................................................................... 628
Dead line detection.....................................................................628
Fuse failure supervision VDSPVC (60).................................................628
Identification.................................................................................... 629
Application....................................................................................... 629
Setting guidelines............................................................................ 630
Section 15 Control...............................................................................633
Synchronism check, energizing check, and synchronizing
SESRSYN (25)..................................................................................... 633
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14 Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual