Agilent Technologies 16452A Operation manual

Agilent 16452A Liquid T
est Fixture
Operation and Service Manual
Agilent Part No. 16452-90000
Printed in JAPAN January 2000
Third Edition

Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice
.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are
reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another
language without the prior written consent of the Agilent T
echnologies .
Agilent T
echnologies Japan, Ltd.
Component T
est PGU-Kobe
1-3-2, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi,
Hyogo
,651-2241 Japan
c
 Copyright 1994,1996,2000 Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.

Manual Printing History
The manual printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The printing date
changes when anew edition is printed. (Minor corrections and updates that are incorporated
at reprint do not cause the date to change.) The manual part number changes when extensive
technical changes are incorporated.
January 1994
::::::::
::
::::::::::::::::::::: :: ::::::::
First Edition (part number: 16452-90000)
June 1996
:::::::: :: ::::::::::::::::::::: :: :: ::::::
Second Edition (part number: 16452-90000)
January 2000
::::::::::
::::::::::::::::::::::: :: :::::
Third Edition (part number: 16452-90000)
iii

Safety Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation,
service
,and repair of this instrument. F
ailure to comply with these precautions or with specic
W
ARNINGS
given elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture,
and intended use of the instrument.
The A
gilent T
echnologies assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these
requirements
.
DO NOT Operate In An Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gasses or fumes
.Operation of any
electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes asafety hazard.
K
eep A
way From Live Circuits
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers
. Component replacement and internal
adjustments must be made by qualied maintenance personnel. Do not replace components
with the power cable connected. Under certain conditions
,dangerous voltages may exist even
with the power cable removed. T
oavoid injuries
,always disconnect power and discharge
circuits before touching them.
DO NOT Service Or A
djust Alone
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering rst
aid and resuscitation, is present.
DO NOT Substitute P
arts Or Modify Instrument
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards
,do not substitute parts or perform
unauthorized modications to the instrument. Return the instrument to aAgilent T
echnologies
Sales and Service Oce for service and repair to ensure the safety features are maintained.
Dangerous Procedure Warnings
Warning
s, such as the example below
,precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout
this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed.
Warning
Dangerous voltages
,capable of causing death, are present in this
instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, and adjusting
this instrument.
The voltage levels found in this test xture when used with the intended instruments do not
warrant more than normal safety precautions for operator safety
.
iv

Operating Precaution
Do not exceed the operating input power, voltage, and current level and signal type
appropriate for the instrument being used, refer to your instrument's operation manual.
Caution
Electrostatic discharge (
esd
)candamage the highly sensitive microcircuits in
your instrument. ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test xtures are
being connected or disconnected. Protect them from ESD damage by wearing a
grounding strap that provides ahigh resistance path to ground. Alternatively
,
ground yourself to discharge any static charge built-up by touching the
outer shell of any grounded instrument chassis before touching the test port
connectors.
Never touch the test xture contacts
.
Use a work station equipped with an anti-static work surface
.
Certication
Agilent T
echnologies certies that this product met its published specications at the time
of shipment from the factory
.Agilent T
echnologies further certies that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
T
echnology
,to the extent allowed by the Institution's calibration facility
,or
to the calibration
facilities of other International Standards Organization members
.
W
arranty
This Agilent T
echnologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and
workmanship for aperiod of three months from the date of shipment, except that in the case
of certain components listed in
Instrument Specications
of this manual, the warranty shall be
for the specied period. During the warranty period, Agilent T
echnologies will, at its option,
either repair or replace products which prove to be defective
.
F
or warranty service or repair
, this product must be returned to aservice facility designated
by Agilent Technologies . Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent T
echnologies
and Agilent T
echnologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer
.
However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges
, duties
, and taxes for products returned to
Agilent T
echnologies from another country
.
Agilent T
echnologies warrants that its software and rmware designated by
Agilent T
echnologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instruction when
property installed on that instrument. Agilent T
echnologies does not warrant that the operation
of the instrument, or software
,orrmware will be uninterrupted or error free
.
v

Limitation Of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate
maintenance by Buyer
,Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modication or
misuse
,operation outside of the environmental specications for the product, or improper site
preparation or maintenance
.
No other warranty is expressed or implied. A
gilent T
echnologies specically disclaims the
implied warranties of merchantability and tness for a particular purpose
.
Exclusive Remedies
The remedies provided herein are buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. Agilent Technologies
shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages
,
whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.
Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for
Agilent T
echnologies products
.
F
or any assistance
,contact your nearest Agilent T
echnologies Sales and Service Oce
.
A
ddresses are provided at the back of this manual.
vi

Safety Symbols
General denitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals.
Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked with this symbol when it is
necessary for the user to refer to the instruction manual in order to protect
against damage to the instrument.
Indicates dangerous voltage (terminals fed from the interior by voltage
exceeding 1000 volts must be so marked).
Protective conductor terminal. F
or protection against electrical shock in case
of afault. Used with wiring terminals to indicate the terminal which must be
connected to ground before operating equipment.
Low-noise or noiseless, clean ground (earth) terminal. Used for asignal
common, as well as providing protection against electrical shock in case of
fault. Aterminal marked with this symbol must be connected to ground in the
manner described in the installation (Operation) manual, and before operating
the equipment.
Frame or chassis terminal. Aconnection to the frame (chassis) of the
equipment which normally includes all exposed metal structures
.
Alternating current (power line).
Direct current (power line).
Alternating or direct current (power line).
W
arning
denotes ahazard. It calls attention to aprocedure
,practice, condition
or the like
,which, if not correctly performed or adhered to
,could result in
injury or death to personnel.
Caution
sign denotes ahazard. It calls attention to aprocedure
,practice
,
condition or the like
,which, if not correctly performed or adhered to
,could
result damage to or destruction of part or all of the product.
Note
denotes important information. It calls attention to a procedure
, practice
,
condition or the like
,which is essential to highlight.
vii

Typeface Conventions
Italics
Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles of manuals and other
publications
.
Italic type is also used for keyboard entries when anameor a variable
must be typed in place of the words in italics
.For example:
copy
lename
means to type the word
copy
,to type aspace, and then to
type the name of ale such as
file1
.
Computer
Computer font is used for on-screen prompts and messages.
4
HARDKEYS
5
Labeled keys on the instrument front panel are enclosed in
45
.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
SOFTKEYS
Softkeys located to the right of the CRT are enclosed in
NNNNN
.
viii

Contents
1. General Information
Introduction ....................
..
..
.........1-1
Manual Summary ..................... .. .. ....1-1
Product Description .....................
..
..
....1-1
Applicable Instrument ..................... .. .. ...1-1
Accessories ..................... .. .. ........1-2
Furnished A
ccessories ................ .. .. .......1-2
Recommended Measurement Cables
3
.................
..
.1-2
Specications ..................
..
............1-2
Supplemental P
erformance Characteristics ..................1-4
2. Initial Inspection
Introduction ..................
..
..
..
.........2-1
Product Overview ...................
..
.........2-2
Repackaging the T
est Fixture F
or Shipment .............
..
...2-4
3. Operation
Introduction ..............
...................3-1
Measurement Sequence ..............
............3-1
Measurement Requirements ...............
.........3-1
Preparation of T
est Fixture for Use ......................3-2
Connecting the SMA-BNC A
dapters to the 16452A . .. ...........3-2
Separating the T
est Fixture into High and Low Electrodes . .........3-3
Cleaning and Drying the Electrodes ....
..
...............3-3
Assembling the T
est Fixture ..
..
..
..
................3-4
Putting the Lid On the Liquid Outlet .... .. ..............3-4
Connecting the T
est Fixture ....
..
..
.................3-5
Using the 4194A ..
..
...................
..
..
..
.3-5
Using the 4284A/4285A ..
..
..................... . 3-6
Fixture Stand Usage .... .. .. .............
..
..
... 3-7
Checking the SHORT Residual .......
............
.....3-8
Using the 4194A . . . . . . . . . . . ................... 3-8
Using the 4284A/4285A ....................
...... 3-8
If the SHORT Residual is Out of Range .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 3-9
Setting the Instrument for Capacitance Measurement .... .. .. .. .. . 3-9
Using the 4194A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 3-9
Using the 4284A/4285A ......................... . 3-9
Performing a SHORT Compensation . . . . . . ................ 3-10
Using the 4194A . . . . . . . . . ..................... 3-10
Using the 4284A/4285A .......................... 3-10
Air Capacitance (C
0
) Measurement ...................... 3-11
Liquid Capacitance and Resistance (Cp, Rp) Measurement . . .. .. .. .. . 3-12
Drain the Liquid (After Measurement) .................... 3-14
Data Processing|Calculate Dielectric Parameter from Measurement Data .. .. 3-15
Measurement Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Capacitive Measurement Method ..................... 3-15
Contents-1

Correction Coecient . ..
..
............... .. .. .. . 3-16
P
erforming T
emperature Measurements ...........
..
..
..
..
. 3-17
4. Service
Introduction ..
...............
..
..
..
..
..
......4-1
Assembly Replacement . ................... .. .. .. ..4-1
Electrode Assembly ..............
..
..
..
........4-4
Assembling Procedure for Electrode .............. .. .. ..4-5
Troubleshooting .................
..
..
..........4-6
A. Liquids that Corrode the T
est Fixture
Nickel Corrosive Liquid ...........
..
..
............A
-1
Ceramic (alumina :Al
2
O
3
)Corrosive Liquid ...........
..
.....A
-2
Viton (Fluoro rubber) Corrosive Liquid .........
..
..
..
.....A
-2
Silver-copper and gold-copper ............. .. .. .......A
-2
Contents-2

Figures
1-1. Electrode Size of the 16452A (section view) ............... .. 1-2
1-2. Fixture Error (A) ...................
..
..
......1-5
1-3. Fixture Error (B) ...................
..
..
......1-5
1-4. Fixture Error (A+B) ..................... .. .. ...1-5
2-1. 16452A Product Overview ...................
..
..
.. 2-2
2-2. Assembling the Fixture Stand ................ .. .. ...2-3
3-1. Connecting the SMA-BNC A
dapter ............... .. ..
..3-2
3-2. Separating the T
est Fixture into High and Low Electrodes ........
.. 3-3
3-3. Assembling the T
est Fixture for aSHORT Compensation ........... 3-4
3-4. Putting the Lid On ...................... .......3-4
3-5. Cable length switch (4194A) ........................3-5
3-6. Connecting the T
est Fixture (4194A) .................. .. 3-5
3-7. Connecting the T
est Fixture (4284A/4285A) ................
.3-6
3-8. Fixture Stand Usage .....................
..
.....3-7
3-9. Separating the T
est Fixture into High and Low Electrodes ..........3-11
3-10. T
est Fixture Assemble for Measurement ..................
.3-11
3-11. P
oring the Liquid under T
est ...........
.............3-12
3-12. T
aking the Lid O .............
................3-14
3-13. Stray Capacitance .............................3-16
3-14. Correction Coecient ...........................3-16
3-15. Soaking the 16452A in the Oil T
ank ............
.........3-17
4-1. 16452A Replaceable P
arts (Major P
arts) ....... ............4-2
4-2. 16452A Replaceable P
arts (Around SMA Connector) .....
..
......4-4
4-3. Inside of the Electrode Assembly .......
..
.............4-5
T
ables
1-1. Typical Data ........
........................ 1-4
2-1. Contents ...... .. .. ....................... 2-3
4-1. Replaceable P
arts (Major P
arts) . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4-2
4-2. Replaceable P
arts (Other parts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 4-3
4-3. 16452A Replaceable P
arts (Around SMA Connector) .. .. .. .. .. .. . 4-4
Contents-3

1
General Information
Introduction
The purpose of this manual is to enable you to use your 16452A Liquid T
est Fixture eciently
and condently
.
Manual Summary
This manual contains the following:
The specications of the 16452A (see this chapter).
Inspecting the 16452A (see Chapter 2).
Operating the 16452A (see Chapter 3).
Ordering replaceable parts for the 16452A (see Chapter 4).
Product Description
The 16452A Liquid T
est Fixture provides accurate dielectric constant and impedance
measurements of liquid materials
.This xture allows you to make frequency swept
measurements or temperature coecient measurements that precisely characterize liquid
materials
.
Applicable Instrument
The 16452A has been designed to operate specically with the following LCR meters and
impedance analyzers:
4194A Impedance/Gain-Phase Analyzer
4284A Precision LCR Meter
4285A Precision LCR Meter
General Information 1-1

Accessories
Furnished A
ccessories
See T
able 2-1 for the accessories supplied with the 16452A .
Recommended Measurement Cables
3
Y
ou need a4-terminal BNC cable to connect the 16452A and your measurement instrument.
F
or this purpose
,Agilent T
echnologies recommends using the following cables
.
F
or the temperature range of 0to +55

C16048A T
est leads
F
or the temperature range of
0
20 to +125

C16452-61601 T
est leads
3
These cables are not furnished with the 16452A .Order according to your measurement requirements
.
Specications
This section lists the complete 16452A specications
.These specications are the performance
standards and limits against which the 16452A is tested. When shipped from the factory,the
16452A meets the following specications:
Electrode Size
(S)
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::
38
6
0.5 (mm)
Dimension
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::
85 (H)
2
85 (W)
2
37 (D) (mm)
Figure 1-1. Electrode Size of the 16452A (section view)
Weight ::: :: ::: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: :: ::: :: :: :: :: 1.4 kg
Maximum Operating Voltage :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 30 Vrms
1-2 General Information

Operating Frequency
:::: ::::
:::::::::::::
::
::
:::: :: :: :::::::::::::::
::
::
::
:::
20 Hz to 30 MHz
The operating frequency diers according to the instrument that the 16452A is used with.
With the 4194A
::::::::::::::::::
::
::
:::: :: :::::::::::::::::
::
::
::
::
::::::::
100 Hz to 15 MHz
With the 4284A
:::
::::::::::::::::: :: :: ::::
:::::::::::::::
::
:::: :: :: ::::::::::
20 Hz to 1MHz
With the 4285A
::::::::::::::::::::
::
::
::
::
::::::::::::::::: :: ::::
::
::::::::
75 kHz to 30 MHz
Materials
T
est xture body (electrodes
,spacers
,liquid inlet and outlet)
Nickel-plated cobal (F
e54%, Co 17%, Ni 29%)
Insulator
:::::::::::::::::::::: :: :::::::::::::::::::::
:::: ::::::::::::
Ceramic (alumina Al
2
0
3
)
O-ring ::::::::::::::::::::
::
:::: :::::::::::::::::::
::
::
::
::::::::::::::::
Viton (Fluoro rubber)
Insulator soldering
:::::::::::::::::::::::
::
::::::::::::::::::::
Silver-copper and gold-copper
The typical corrosive characteristics of these materials are shown in Appendix A.
Operating T
emperature
:::::::::::::::: ::::
::::::::::::::::::::: :: :: :::::::::::
0
20 to +125

C
The measurement cable's operating temperature is:
16048A
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::
::::::
0to +55

C
16452-61601
::::::::::::::::::
::
:::::::::::::::::::::::
::
::
::::::::::::::::::::
0
20 to +125

C
Non-Operating T
emperature
::::::::::::::::
::
::
:::::::::::::::::::::
::
::
::
:::::::
0
40 to 70

C
General Information 1-3

Supplemental P
erformance Characteristics
This section lists supplemental performance characteristics
. Supplemental performance
characteristics are not specications
,but are typical characteristics included as additional
information for the operator
.Supplemental performance characteristics are not guaranteed.
Electrode gap repeatability
(Screw torque: 15 kgf
1 cm)
Assembly repeatability
::::::
::
:::::::::::::::::::::::
::
::
::::::::::::::::::::::
See Table 1-1 .
T
emperature repeatability (@ 23

Cto 125

C)
:::::::
::
::
:::::::::::::::::::::::
See T
able 1-1.
Necessary liquid volume
::::::: :: :::::::::::::::::::::
::
:::::::::::::::::::::::
: See Table 1-1 .
Air Capacitance V
alue
(@ 23

C
6
5

C, 1MHz)
::::::: :: :::::::::::::::::::::
::
See T
able 1-1.
T
able 1-1. Typical Data
Spacer thickness 1.3 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 3.0 mm
Electrode gap
assembly repeatability
0.3 mm
6
12

m0.5 mm
6
12

m1.0 mm
6
12

m2.0 mm
6
12

m
Electrode gap
temperature repeatability
0.3 mm
6
2

m0.5 mm
6
2

m1.0 mm
6
2

m2.0 mm
6
2

m
Necessary liquid volume 3.4 cc 3.8 cc 4.8 cc 6.8 cc
Air capacitance value
34.9 pF
6
25% 21.2 pF
6
15% 10.9 pF
6
10% 5.5 pF
6
10%
Short residual
(when using the furnished shorting plate with a1.3 mm spacer)
Ls (equivalent series inductance)
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
::::
20 nH
Rs (equivalent series resistance)
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::
0.5 
T
emperature expansion coecient
:::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::
: 6
300ppm/

C
A
dditional impedance measurement error
In the following measurement,
The SHORT compensation is done
.
The calculation is done using the capacitive measurement method (see \Capacitive
Measurement Method" in Chapter 3).
The measurement instrument is an 4194A, 4284A, or 4285A
The relative dielectric constant is 1
<
j
_
"
r
j
<
500
The xture error
3
is dened by:
Error = A + B [%] (See Figure 1-4)
Where,
A : Obtained from Figure 1-2.
B : Obtained from Figure 1-3.
3
The measurement accuracy is a complex function of the measurement instrument accuracy and the xture error.
1-4 General Information

Figure 1-2. Fixture Error (A)
Figure 1-3. Fixture Error (B)
Figure 1-4. Fixture Error (A+B)
General Information 1-5

2
Initial Inspection
Introduction
The liquid test xture has been carefully inspected before being shipped from the factory
.It
should be in perfect physical condition, no scratches, dents or the like
.It should also be in
perfect electrical condition. Verify this by carefully performing an initial inspection to check
the liquid test xture set for signs of physical damage and missing contents
.If any discrepancy
is found, notify the carrier and Agilent Technologies.Y
our Agilent T
echnologies sales oce will
arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for the claim to be settled.
Inspect the shipping container for damage
.Keep the shipping materials until the inspection is
completed.
V
erify that the shipping container contains everything shown in Figure 2-1 and listed in
T
able 2-1.
Inspect the exterior of the 16452A for any signs of damage.
Initial Inspection 2-1

Product Overview
Figure 2-1. 16452A Product Overview
2-2 Initial Inspection