Akai GX-F44R User manual

AKAT Servite manual
STEREO CASSETTE DECK
move. GX-F44R

STEREO CASSETTE DECK
“ota GAS F44. R
THIS MANUAL IS APPLICABLE TO BOTH SILVER
AND PEARL SHADOW PANEL MODELS
SECTION 1 SERVICE MANUAL ................. .. 3
SECTION 2 PARTS LIST 2. cu. ose sad sewechuaeeads 3T
SECTION 3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ................ 52

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
SAFETY CHECK AFTER SERVICING
Confirm
the
specified
insulation
resistance
between
power
cord
plug
prongs
and
externally
exposed
parts
of
the
set
is
greater
than
10
Mohms,
but
for
equipment
with
external
antenna
terminals
(tuner,
receiver,
etc.)
and
is
intended
for
or
[A],
specified
insulation
resistance
should
be
more
than
2.2
Mohms
(ground
terminals,
microphone
jacks,
headphone
jacks.
line-in-out
jacks
etc.)
PRECAUTIONS DURING SERVICING
1.
OoOr~ID
Parts identified by the A\ symbol parts are critical for safety.
Replace only with parts number specified.
In
addition
to
safety,
other
parts
and
assemblies
are
specified
for
conformance
with
such
regulations
as
those
applying to spurious radiation. These must also be replaced only with specified replacements.
Examples:
RF
converters,
tuner
units,
antenna
selector
switches,
RF
cables,
noise
blocking
capacitors,
noise
blocking
filters,
etc.
Use specified internal wiring. Note especially:
1) Wires covered with PVC tubing
2) Double insulated wires
3) High voltage leads
Use specified insulating materials for hazardous live parts. Note especially:
1) Insulation Tape
2) PVC tubing
3) Spacers (Insulating Barriers)
4) Insulation sheets for transistors
When replacing AC primary side components (transformers, power cords, noise blocking capacitors, etc.), wrap
ends of wires securely about the terminals before soldering.
c> c>
Observe
that
wires
do
not
contact
heat
producing
parts
(heatsinks,
oxide
metal
film
resistors,
fusible
resistors,
etc.).
Check
that
replaced
wires
do
not
contact
sharp
edged
or pointed
parts.
Also check areas surrounding repaired locations.
Use care that foreign objects (screws, solder droplets, etc.) do not remain inside the set.

I.
I.
<2
VI.
VIL.
VIH.
XI.
XI.
SECTION 1
SERVICE MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS 200.0805. cdsb area Ea ORS eM ERE Dh 4
DISMANTLING OF UNIT... 6... eee 5
CONTROUES 3 26 208 ne ere ot OEY Sie A A eee ee aks 6
PRINCIPAL PARTS LOCATION .. 10... 0.00.00. cc eee es 7
VOLTAGE AND CYCLE CONVERSION... ........-...0.0 000000 0e 8
1. VOLTAGE CONVERSION ... 2.22... 0 cee eee 8
2. CYCLE CONVERSION, 4. festi8 Sle les 8 ey icanlnee Be Es, adie Coe aie Be ads 8
SYSCON BLOCK DIAGRAM............ 2.0... cee eee eee 9
DOLBY C-TYPE NOISE REDUCTION .............. 00000000000] 11
he OUTLINE’. » 522n side ita ol sad cies Gia. g 2a alee Oig cl A 2d ade eae 11
2. CIRCUIT COMPOSITION ....... 00.00.00 cece ee eee 1]
3./CEIRCUET OPERATION csi feces Se age slags, Walk lente ieg ites SMe tea dein 12
4. ACTUAL CIRCUIT OPERATION. .......... 00.2. ..0 00000000. 15
MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT ........... 2.000. e eee cee eee 20
1. FLYWHEEL LOOSE PLAY ADJUSTMENT ...................4, 20
2. PLUNGER POSITION ADJUSTMENT .............0..22. 00005. 21
3. PINCH ROLLER PRESSURE MEASUREMENT .................. 22
4. WINDING TORQUE MEASUREMENT IN EACH MODE ............ 22
5. TAPE SPEED ADJUSTMENT ............ 0.0.0.0 0.00 eee 22
HEAD ADJUSTMENT ......... 0... cc cece ee eens 23
1. ERASE HEAD HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT ...................20.0. 23
2. ERASE HEAD INSTALLATION ANGLE ADJUSTMENT ........... 23
3. TAPE GUIDE HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT..................0..0.-. 24
4. REC/PB HEAD HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT ................-.-00 0005 24
5. REC/PB HEAD AZIMUTH ADJUSTMENT ................-.... 24
ELECTRICAL ADJUSTMENT .......... 0.0.0.0 cece ee eee eee -. 25
1. QUICK REVERSE SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENT ................ 25
2. PRE AMPLIFIER ADJUSTMENT... ....... 0.0.0.0 2 00. c ee eae 27
3. DOLBY ADJUSTMENT ............ 0.0... 0.0 ee eee 27
DC RESISTANCE OF VARIOUS COILS .....................0045 28
CLASSIFICATION OF VARIOUS P.C BOARDS ................... 28
1. P.C BOARD TITLES AND IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ........... 28
2. COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS P.C BOARDS .................04. 29
For basic adjustment, measuring methods, and operating principles, refer to GENERAL TECHNICAL
MANUAL.

1. SPECIFICATIONS
TRACK SYSTEM 4 Track 2 Channel Stereo System
TAPE Philips Type Cassette
TAPE SPEED 4.76 cm/s + 1.5% (1-7/8 ips. + 1.5%)
HEADS Twin Field Super GX head for recording/playback x 1
Erase head x 2
MOTORS Electronically speed controlled
D.C. motor for capstan drive x 1
D.C. motor for reel drive x 1
WOW & FLUTTER Less than 0.035% WRMS, 0.11% (DIN 45 500)
TAPE WINDING TIME 80 sec. using a C-60 cassette tape
FREQUENCY RESPONSE Normal: 25 to 16,000 Hz + 3 dB (~20 VU)
CrO,: 25 to 17,000 Hz + 3 dB (-20 VU)
25 to 9,000 Hz + 3 dB (0 VU)
Metal: 25 to 19,000 Hz + 3 dB (-20 VU)
25 to 13,000 Hz + 3 dB (0 VU)
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO Normal: Better than 58 dB
CrO,: Better than 60 dB
Metal: Better than 60 dB
(measured via tape with peak recording level)
Dolby B NR ON: Improves up to 5 dB at 1 kHz, 10 dB above 5 kHz
Dolby C NR ON: Improves up to 15 dB at 500 Hz, 20 dB at 1 to 10 kHz
HARMONIC DISTORTION Normal: Less than 0.8%
CrO,: Less than 0.7%
Metal: Less than 0.7%
INPUT MIC: 0.25 mV (input impedance 5.0 kohms)
Required microphone impedance: 600 ohms
Line: 70 mV (input impedance 47 kohms)
OUTPUT Line: 410 mV at 0 VU
Required load impedance: more than 20 kohms
Phone: 1.3 mW/8 ohms at 0 VU
DIN Input: 2.0 mV (input impedance 10 kohms)
Output: 410 mV
Required load impedance: more than 20 kohms
POWER CONSUMPTION 34W
POWER REQUIREMENTS 100V, 50/60 Hz for Japan
120V, 60 Hz for USA and Canada
220V, 50 Hz for Europe except UK
240V, 50 Hz for UK and Australia
110V/120V/220V/240V, 50/60 Hz switchable for other countries
440(W) x 118(H) x 309(D) mm_= (17.3 x 4.7 x 12.2”)
8.6 kg (19.0 Ibs)
DIMENSIONS
WEIGHT
* For improvement purposes, specifications and design are subject to change without notice.
*
“Dolby”
and
the
Double
D
symbol
are
trademarks
of
Dolby
Laboratories.
(Manufactured
under
license
from
Dolby
Lavoratories.)

Il. DISMANTLING OF UNIT
In case of trouble, etc. necessitating dismantling, please
dismantle in the order shown in the photographs.
Reassemble in reverse order.
SCREWS BOTTOM COVER
SCREWS
qa
FRONT PANEL
\
SCREWS
SCREWS
UPPER COVER
SCREWS

=
SR ON OTA PWN >
11.
12.
13.
14,
- CONTROLS
TIMER START SELECTOR
EJECT BUTTON
CASSETTE RECEPTACLE
TAPE COUNTER and RESET BUTTON
REVERSE (REV) SELECTOR with INDICATORS
TAPE INDICATOR
LED BAR METER with MAXIMUM HOLD
FILTER SWITCH
DOLBY NR SELECTOR with INDICATORS
LEFT -*)-RIGHT RECORDING LEVEL CONTROLS
(REC LEVEL L—*}-R)
MICROPHONE (MIC-L: Left, MIC-R: Right) JACKS
OUTPUT CONTROL
HEADPHONE (PHONES) JACK
BLANK SEARCH BUTTON with INDICATOR
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Fig. 1 Controls
OPERATING BUTTONS
INTRO SCAN BUTTON with INDICATOR
MEMORY SWITCH
RECORDING (REC) CANCEL BUTTON
DIRECTION INDICATORS
POWER SWITCH
LINE/DIN SELECTOR
(Some models do not have this facility.)
LINE IN JACKS (RIGHT and LEFT)
DIN JACK (Some models do not have this facility.)
LINE OUT JACKS (RIGHT and LEFT}
REMOTE CONTROL JACK
POWER CORD (Some models are equipped with an AC
inlet instead. Connect with the connection cord supplied.)
EE Pt ps?
6

IV. PRINCIPAL PARTS LOCATION
TIMER START REV SELECTOR FILTER SWITCH
SWITCH Sw sw2
SLIDE PCB LED LEVEL METER DOLBY SWITCH
INSOI Swi
See)
POWER SWITCH PCB PHONES JACK} MIC JACKS
SWITCH SWI J Ji
ERASE OUTPUT LEVEL
H902 HF21 CONTROL VR7
Fig.2 Front View
PRE AMP PCB
LD PCB
DRIVE PCB
FWD PLUNGER BRAKE PLUNGER
S503
SLOG
DOLBY(C)
PCB
CAPSTAN MOTOR REEL MOTOR REV PLUNGER
M9OI M902 SL902
Fig.3 Top View

V. VOLTAGE AND CYCLE CONVERSION
POWER SUPPLY PCB REAR PANEL
SHORT PIN
Fig.4 Voltage Conversion (U/T Model only)
1. VOLTAGE CONVERSION
Models for Canada, Europe, USA, UK, Australia and
Japan are not equipped with this facility.
Each machine is preset at the factory according to
destination, but some machines can be set to 110V,
120V, 220V or 240V as required.
If voltage change is necessary, this can be accom-
plished as follows:
1) Disconnect power cord.
2) Loosen holding screws and remove upper cover.
3) Remove short pin plug from present holes and
replace in correct holes. Follow the markings
explicitly.
2. CYCLE CONVERSION
With DC motor, cycle conversion is not necessary.

VI. SYSCON BLOCK DIAGRAM
r
©) O ©
TRI3 /A\TRI7 ATRIGA TRISATRIGA,
r--@--@--O--©--O----5
TAB DET. BLANK | 5 |
CO, se 2 rush | Teh ba ye iE cy RB NE
ab (SW902) ty (TR24) (TR2B) ep (SW Heh 68) ko 50 (3) an an
I |
|
> mel ml ! Asal sy ha
as (SW903) hy (TR23) eh (TR27) gh (SW 2) eh 68): 5: (i) ah C4) py
NY | I ”
> | I INTRO
TIMER MEMORY STOP FWD i SCAN LED REC LAMP ‘~~ Se
= (TR6,4 (TRIO,IC4)
REC Oo (Sw908) © (FR22 (TR26) hy 9) Ke a aan ; ch
| |
DIRECTION AUTO REC | BLANK
TIMER
JUDGE
MUTE
REV
CANCEL
|
|
Seer,
PAUSE
LAMP,
PLAY ch (TRIB) ch (TR21 gh (TR25) chy (SWI) hy Qiks 33(i6) an aby
| |
HIGH VOLTAGE —>— eee | 1
TRU (6)o reser(3) POWER ON
c
REEL
MOTOR
sf
RESET
TRI
LOW VOLTAGE - DRIVE,
REVERSE
to
(FF)
-
PLUNGER
(17)
04
SL902 Ic 2 '
npreae 24)Re MB8841-564M Vee Vec
1
Ri Ri
HIGH VOLTAGE I
TR7,8 |
<—_t Ro R7
LOW VOLTAGE ao pee ee |
PLUNGER
|
|
|
;
$L903 | REC/PB SWITCH Xtal OSC
PRE AMP SWI,RLI ,IC2 @5)R3 XTAL oie
ae | DOLBY(C) SW3 :
, | COUNTER SWITCH
7 | TAPE COUNTER
| "000" TR2
HIGH VOLTAGE TR2,3 |
<r l
|
LOW VOLTAGE I
BRAKE |
PLUNGER |
SL901 |
TR4,5
|
“a I
i
ewes Sip eta te tS eee ee ee |
DRIVE PCB
TAPE SENSOR DETECTOR
DRIVE PCB TR28 to 31
LD PCB TRI to 3
TAPE TURNING
PULSE GENERATOR
PHI,DRIVE PCB
TR20, 21
PB SIGNAL
CUE SIGNAL
FROM DOLBY (C) PCB
BLANK DET
DRIVE PCB
IC2,TR22,TR24 to 26
Fig. 5

FUNCTION OF MICROCOMPUTER (MB8841-564M)
OPERATION KEY MATRIX STROBE,
LAMP, LED DRIVE
©)
Function
.
OPERATION KEY MATRIX STROBE
©6E8\/989
OPERATION KEY MATRIX IN
Terminal No.
TAPE SENSOR INPUT
Function
TAPE SENSOR OUT ee ee ee
@2@
@|®
© |
LAMP, LED DRIVE
REEL MOTOR DRIVE FF, FWD CUE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
REEL MOTOR DRIVE REV, REV CUE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
BRAKE PLUNGER DRIVE “L” except in STOP, PAUSE and CUE modes
FWD PLUNGER DRIVE FWD, REC/FWD, FWD/PAUSE, REC/FWD/PAUSE,
FWD CUE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
REV PLUNGER DRIVE REV, REC/REV, REV/PAUSE, REC/REV/PAUSE,
3) REV CUE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
® PRE AMP REC/PB CHANGE SWITCH DRIVE
REC/FWD, REC/REV, REC/PAUSE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
PRE AMP FWD/REV CHANGE SWITCH DRIVE
® FWD, REC/FWD, FWD/PAUSE, REC/FWD/PAUSE : “H”
REV, REC/REV, REV/PAUSE, REC/REV/PAUSE : “L”
In other modes, the previous status is retained.
|
®
PRE
AMP
PB
MUTE
FWD,
REV,
REC/FWD,
REC/REV,
REC/PAUSE
:
“‘L”
OTHER MODE : “H”
PRE AMP REC BIAS OSC ON/OFF
REC/FWD, REC/REV, REC/PAUSE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
But “H” at the time of STOP > REC/PAUSE mode and “‘L” when REC/PAUSE is changed
to REC/FWD or REV.
@® Tape Counter UP/DOWN indication (NO USE)
8) PROGRAM MANUAL CHANGE SIGNAL (NO USE)
REC MUTE AUTO MUTE MODE : “L” OTHER MODE : “H”
F
aD Input terminal for the TAPE COUNTER “000”.
7)
a dL
|
OPERATION
OF
e@§
$$
LO
}
|
REVERSE
OR
STOP
30m
sec
Fig.
6
Tape
turning
pulse
input
(from
tape
turning
pulse
generator)
Me
ti
ee
TAPE
PULSE
65)
'3t0
3.5
sec
OPERATION
OF
(a
SCS
|
I
TURNING
STOPPED
PLAY
OR
STOP
[Audio signal input terminal (from BLANK DET.) “H” input in music and “L” input in blank.
—_—_-___|
Fig. 7

Vil. DOLBY C-TYPE
TAPE NOISE LEVEL
NOISE REDUCTION
TAPE NOISE LEVEL
~=— AUDITORY SENSE CURVE
AUDITORY SENSE CURVE
Fig. 8
High-Level Stage
Variable
filter
Side
chain
Control
circuit
Spectral
skewing
Input
1. OUTLINE
Doiby C-type is to improve the noise reducing effect
of the usual Dolby B-type. The B-type has the NR
effect of 10 dB at 5 kHz or more but C-type has the
NR effect of 20 dB at 1 kHz or more. Fig. 8 shows
the audible curve of man at low level and the noise
level of the cassette tape.
In the bands of about 200 Hz or lower and of 10 kHz
or higher the hiss noise of the tape is not heard. On
the contrary, in the range of 200 Hz to 10 kHz the
noise is apt to be heard. For this reason, the hiss noise
of the tape is reduced by getting the encode charac-
teristic closer to the audible curve as shown in Fig. 9.
Since the difference at this time between the noise
level and the audible curve is about 20 dB, C-type sets
the noise reduction amount at 20 dB. For the high
band (more than 10 kHz) the NR amount is reduced
to improve the characteristic.
Fig. 9
Low-Level Stage
Variable
filter
Control
circuit
Anti~saturation
network
Output
Fig. 10 Block Diagram of Encoder
2. CIRCUIT COMPOSITION
Fig. 10 shows a simple block diagram at the time of
encoding.
In Dolby system, the NR amount per one processor
is specified at 10 dB maximum. This is because as the
compression amount increases, the possibility of side
effect (dynamic error, etc.) increases. Therefore, the
C-type uses two processors with the NR amount of
10 dB each, one as high level stage and another as
low level stage. By providing these two processors
with different operational regions, the overlapping of
dynamic operation is prevented, one operating the
linear operation, and therefore, as a whole, it is the
compression operation of one 10 dB processor, but
20 dB effect is obtained.
Each processor uses the sliding band system and dual
pass system as in the case of B-type. The input signal
is separated into the Main Pass and Side Chain, and
11

12
INPUT
OdB
-60
High level signals
(no dynamic action)
Dynamic action
of high-level stage
Dynamic action
of low-level stage
Low level signals
(no dynamic action;
amplifier action only)
Fig. 11 Operational Region of each Processor
one signal is just outputted via the Main Pass and
another signal going through the Side Chain is
produced separately as the noise reduction signal and
added to the output. For this reason, the NR signal
component included in the output signal can be kept
to minimum.. Fig. 11 shows the operational region of
each processor. As one major feature, the C-type can
improve the high frequency characteristic. Man’s
audio sensitivity decreases a lot at 10 kHz or higher,
and this means that NR amount in this band can be
relatively small.
For this reason, the C-type has two additional
circuits, spectral-skewing circuit and antisaturation
network. In the spectral-skewing, the NR operation
of more than 10 kHz is weighted by the LC circuit of
12 dB/oct. and reverse compensation is made at the
time of decoding, and the high frequency linearity is
improved to the extent that the compression amount
is reduced. The anti-saturation network has a func-
tion to reduce the Rec level by about 3 dB for the
high level high frequency signal only, and the distor-
tion rate in high band is improved.
3. CIRCUIT OPERATION
Fig. 12 (a) shows the basic NR circuit structure of
Dolby C-type.
The encoder and decoder of C-type respectively
consist of two stages (two Dolby B-type processors
with the external constant changed) called high level
stage and low level stage. In recording, the input
signal enters the high level stage via amplifier (A1),
spectral skewing circuit, MPX filter and amplifier
(B1). Then, like B-type, the signal is separated into
the main pass route and side chain route. In the main
pass route, the signal just goes to the adder (EK), and
in the side chain route, only middle and high fre-
quency signals of low level are passed by the variable
filter. Then, the output from the side chain route is
combined by the adder (EK) with the signal of the
main pass route to obtain the 1st encode (compres-
sion) characteristic, and in the low level stage, too,
the stressed signal from middle to high frequency
(10 dB in the vicinity of 1.5 kHz) is sent to the next
low level stage. The operation in the high level stage
is similar to that of B-type except when the turnover
frequency of the encode characteristic is on a lower
side (below 2 octave).

Spectral MPX
skewing filter
R
ncode Input O a> UJ Q
5 . na O
pP®
1
|
|
|
S2
© O
NR IN
Anti- saturation
network
p
Decode Input oO a> }
|
rd S3
0 O ©
PO NR IN
|
|
Si
MPX filter
Input O
Side chain
route (REC)
Variable
filter
REC
REC/PB
change
PB
Sie want Smoothing
ide chain circuit
route(P8)
Fig. 12 (b)
Main pass route
Be
Variable
filter
v8
Side chain route Limiter
ap |
<a
fi
Smoothing Rectification
circuit circuit
Spectral
de-skewing
ee
©
Decode
Output
Anti-saturation
network
Main pass route
O Encode Output
>
ee
Limiter
Variable
filter
> Side chain route
<]
Smoothing Rectification
circuit circuit
Fig. 12 (a) Basic NR circuit structure of Dolby C-type
Recording
monitor
Main pass
route
© Output
Side chain
route
Limiter
Rectification
circuit
Basic NR circuit structure of Dolby B-type
13

14
Output level (dB)
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10
Input level (dB)
Fig. 13 Input Characteristic of Dolby C-type NR
g 1d
2
2 20
c
: St Le
210
SL
Ui
4
x () pee
20 4 68100 2
SUM EE epee
LL
a IN
bilan
LUM TUT TTT
4 Ct
ann Be sllimeastl IN
aol eS
eet rth | TTI
HT EA
20 4 6 100 2 4 681K 2 4 6 BIOK 20K
Frequency(Hz)
Response (dB)
© to}
Fig. 14 Encode Characteristic of Dolby C-type NR
4 6 810K 20K
Epaduency (5)
Fig. 15 Encode Characteristics of Dolby B-type and C-type in low level
The signal inputted into the next low level stage is
again separated into the main pass route and the side
chain route, and the 2nd encoding is carried out.
The encode characteristic in the low level stage is
same as the characteristic of the high level stage
except that its compression starting level (threshold
level) is lower, and as a result, the signal stressed by
about 20 dB from middle to high frequency of the
low level appears at the output terminal.
Figs. 13, 14 and 15 show the input/output character-
istic, encode characteristic and encode characteristics
of B-type and C-type in low level, respectively. As
shown in Figs. 13 to 15, C-type is limiting the high
frequency when recording. This is done by the
spectral skewing circuit provided in the encoder input
and by the antisaturation circuit. The skewing circuit
prevents the processing error by deemphasizing the
frequency of 10 kHz or more which is unstable for
the cassette deck and by reducing the noise reducing
operation. As a result, the signal modulation due to
the high frequency component can be prevented.
The antisaturation network operates only on the large
amplitude signals of more than 2 kHz and reduces
the high frequency saturation of the tape.
These are completely complementary in the encoder
and decoder and make possible the MOL improve-
ment of about 8 dB at 15 kHz. In decoding, the side
chain route is combined in opposite phase with the
main pass route and the characteristic opposite to
that of the recording is obtained. The high frequency
signal limitation by the skewing circuit and anti-
saturation circuit is released in decoding. C-type can
be easily switched to B-type, and to use it as B-type,
switch off the encode (or decode) of the low level
stage and change the constant of the high level stage
(to make encode or decode characteristic).
At that time, switch off the skewing circuit and
antisaturation circuit.

4. ACTUAL CIRCUIT OPERATION
Schematic - 1 REC Mode Schematic Diagram (C-Type)
es
MAIN PASS ROUTE SIGNAL
SIDE CHAIN ROUTE SIGNAL
TRI TR2 TRS TR TR4,5 TRI to 4
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