Belarus 1523.5 User manual

BELARUS
1523.5
1523.5-0000010 OM
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
2013

1523.5-0000010 OM
The operator's manual was composed by an engineer of the first Department of
Constructive and Experimental Works (DCEW-1), A.V. Runov, with participation of key
specialists of DCEW-1 of RUE “Minsk Tractor Works”
Publication responsible person – Y.M. Korotky, head of engineering office of design docu-
mentation of the DCEW-1.
Executive editor – A.G. Stasilevich, design manager of tractor production of PA “MTW”.
Editor-in-chief – I.N. Uss, PA “MTW” chief designer.
Operator's manual contains brief description and specifications of tractors Belarus 1523.5
produced by Minsk Tractor Works. The main tractors operating rules are set forth, the in-
formation about their adjustments and maintenance is provided.
Operator's manual is meant for tractor study, operation rules and servicing of tractors
“BELARUS-1523.5”.
In view of P/A “MTW” policy directed to constant upgrading of produced goods, the con-
struction of some units and parts of Belarus tractor may undergo changes which are not
reflected in present edition. The detailed information may be obtained from “BELARUS”
dealer.
© RUE ”Minsk Tractor Works”, 2013
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written
permission of RUE “MTW”.

1523.5-0000010 OM
3
CONTENTS
1 TRACTOR DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ......................................................................11
1.1 Tractor assignment...................................................................................................................11
1.2 Technical specifications...........................................................................................................12
1.3 Tractor composition..................................................................................................................15
1.5 Noise level at the operator's working place of the tractor “BELARUS -1523.5» ............18
1.6 Tractor and its component marking .......................................................................................18
2 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS ..........................................................................................20
2.1 Layout of controls and instruments of the tractor ................................................................20
2.2 Switches of the instrument board...........................................................................................21
2.3 Upper shield unit of button switches......................................................................................24
2.4 Conditioner control ................................................................................................................24
2.4.1 Conditioner control in the conditioning mode....................................................................24
2.4.2 Conditioner control in the heating mode............................................................................25
2.4.3 Cab ventilation .......................................................................................................................25
2.5 Cab heater and fan control......................................................................................................26
2.6 Instrument board.......................................................................................................................27
2.7 Pilot lamps unit..........................................................................................................................29
2.7.1 General information ..............................................................................................................29
2.7.2 Functioning algorithm of pilot lamp to indicate operation of heating plugs ..................30
2.8 Integrated indicator and integrated indicator control panel................................................31
2.8.1 General information ..............................................................................................................31
2.8.3 Pilot lamps of the integrated indicator................................................................................35
2.8.4 Description of testing the integrated indicator performance...........................................36
2.8.5 The order of the integrated indicator programming .........................................................36
2.9.1 General information ..............................................................................................................39
2.9.2 Adjustment of brightness and sharpness of the information display.............................39
2.9.3 Call-up of changeable images and parameters on the screen of the information
display ...............................................................................................................................................39
2.9.4 Engine control system panel ...............................................................................................42
2.10 Steering....................................................................................................................................42
2.10.1 General information ............................................................................................................42
2.10.2 Steering wheel adjustments ..............................................................................................43
2.11 Parking brake control.............................................................................................................43
2.12 Handle for fuel supply manual control.................................................................................43
2.13 Tractor pedals .........................................................................................................................43
2.14 Switching of ranges and gears on GB 16х8.......................................................................44
2.14.1 General information ............................................................................................................44
2.14.2 Velocity diagram of tractor with GB 16х8........................................................................44
2.15 Control panel for rear axle DL, FDA and FPTO drives.....................................................45
2.15.1 General information ............................................................................................................45
2.15.2 Front power take-off shaft control.....................................................................................46
2.15.3 FDA drive control ................................................................................................................46
2.15.4 Rear axle differential lock control .....................................................................................47
2.15.5 Annunciation of oil emergency temperature in the hydraulic lift linkage ....................47
2.16 Rear PTO control....................................................................................................................48
2.17 Control of rear lift linkage (RLL) with the hydraulic lift ......................................................50
2.17.1 General information on rules of RLL control...................................................................50
2.17.2 RLL control panel ................................................................................................................50
2.17.3 Remote buttons of RLL control system ...........................................................................52
2.17.4 Troubleshooting of RLL electronic control system.........................................................53
2.17.5 Front lift linkage control ......................................................................................................54

1523.5-0000010 OM
4
2.18 HLL pump control ...................................................................................................................54
2.19 HLL valve group section control (remote cylinders)..........................................................55
2.20 Switching unit and electric cutout fuses..............................................................................56
2.20.1 General information ............................................................................................................56
2.20.2 Switching unit and fuses for electrical equipment..........................................................56
2.20.3 Fuses for electronic systems of DL, FDA, GB reduction unit, FPTO and RLL control
............................................................................................................................................................63
2.20.4 Fuses for engine electronic control system ....................................................................64
2.21 Cab locks and handles ..........................................................................................................65
2.21.1 Cab door locks.....................................................................................................................65
2.21.2 Side window opening..........................................................................................................65
2.21.3 Rear screen opening ..........................................................................................................66
2.21.4 Cab hatch opening..............................................................................................................66
2.21.5 Cab emergency exits..........................................................................................................66
2.22 Seat and its adjustments.......................................................................................................67
2.22.1 General information ............................................................................................................67
2.22.2 Adjustments of “BELARUS” seat......................................................................................67
2.22.3 Adjustments of “Grammer” seat........................................................................................68
2.23 Control of the transmission hydraulic system pump drive ...............................................69
2.24 Control of the pneumatic system compressor ...................................................................69
2.25 Connector elements of the electrical equipment ...............................................................70
2.25.1 Socket to connect coupled agricultural equipment ........................................................70
2.25.2 Connection of additional electrical equipment of coupled machines ..........................70
2.26 Creeper control .......................................................................................................................71
2.26.1 Creeper control on tractors with GB16x8 ........................................................................71
2.26.2 Creeper control on tractors with GB 24x12.....................................................................72
2.27 Gears and ranges shifting of GB 24х12..............................................................................72
3 INTENDED USE OF TRACTOR ...............................................................................................74
3.1 Safety measures while preparing tractor for operation.......................................................74
3.2 Tractor use.................................................................................................................................75
3.2.1 Boarding the tractor ..............................................................................................................75
3.2.2 Engine start and preparation for it ......................................................................................75
3.2.3 Start of tractor movement, GB shifting...............................................................................77
3.2.4 Tractor stop ............................................................................................................................78
3.2.5 Engine stop ............................................................................................................................78
3.2.6 Leaving the tractor ................................................................................................................79
3.2.7 PTO use..................................................................................................................................79
3.2.8 Selection of optimal inner pressure in tires depending on operational conditions and
load on tractor axles........................................................................................................................82
3.2.8.1 Selection of optimal inner pressure in tires depending on operational conditions
and load on tractor axles................................................................................................................82
3.2.8.2 Tire inflation ........................................................................................................................83
3.2.9 Rear wheel track formation..................................................................................................84
3.2.10 Rear wheel twinning ...........................................................................................................85
3.2.11 Front wheel track formation...............................................................................................86
3.3 Safety measures while tractor operation ..............................................................................88
3.3.1 General safety measures while tractor operation ............................................................88
3.3.2 Fire safety measures ............................................................................................................91
3.4 Tractor final assembly and run-in...........................................................................................92
3.4.1 Tractor final assembly ..........................................................................................................92
3.4.2 Technical maintenance before tractor run-in ....................................................................92
3.4.3 Tractor run-in..........................................................................................................................92
3.4.4 Technical maintenance during tractor run-in ....................................................................93

1523.5-0000010 OM
5
3.4.5 Technical maintenance after tractor run-in........................................................................93
3.5 Emergency actions...................................................................................................................94
4 COUPLING OF IMPLEMENTS..................................................................................................95
4.1 General information..................................................................................................................95
4.2 Types of implements coupled with tractor “BELARUS -1523.5» ......................................96
4.3 Lift linkage..................................................................................................................................97
4.3.1 General information ..............................................................................................................97
4.3.2 Three-point rear lift linkage ..................................................................................................97
4.3.3 RLL components adjustment rules...................................................................................101
4.3.3.1 Buckles ..............................................................................................................................101
4.3.3.2 Lifting rods.........................................................................................................................102
4.3.3.3 Upper link ..........................................................................................................................103
4.3.3.4 The rules of RLL adjustment for tractor operation with implements of category 2
(LL-2)...............................................................................................................................................103
4.3.3.5 Mounting of implements to the tractor RLL..................................................................104
4.3.4 Three-point front lift linkage ...............................................................................................105
4.3.5 The rules of agricultural implements coupling to FLL....................................................107
4.3.6 The rules of shifting FLL from operating to transport position......................................108
4.4 Drawbar hitches ......................................................................................................................109
4.4.1 General information ............................................................................................................109
4.4.2 Drawbar hitch DH-2V (short towing yoke).......................................................................110
4.4.3 Drawbar hitch DH-ЗV (long towing yoke) ........................................................................111
4.4.4 Drawbar hitch DH-2R (“python”) .......................................................................................112
4.4.5 Drawbar hitch DH-1М-01 (draw bar) ................................................................................113
4.4.6 Drawbar hitch DH -1 (crossbeam) ....................................................................................114
4.5 Usage patterns of tractor hydraulic system for drive of operating parts and other
elements of hydraulically-powered coupled machines and implements ..............................115
4.6 Front ballast weight ................................................................................................................117
4.7 Trailer brake drive...................................................................................................................118
4.7.1 General information ............................................................................................................118
4.7.2 Integrated pneumatic drive of trailer brakes ..................................................................118
4.7.3 Hydraulic drive of trailer brakes ........................................................................................119
4.8 Determination of PTO shaft and cardan shaft applicability..............................................121
4.9 Peculiarities of PTO shaft and cardan shaft applicability .................................................121
4.10 Ways of changing drawbar features and passing ability of the tractor .......................125
4.11 Features of tractor application in special conditions.......................................................126
4.11.1 Tractor operation in areas with rugged topography. Possibility of tractor application
for haylage preparation ................................................................................................................126
4.11.2 Application of substances for chemical treatment .......................................................126
4.11.3 Operation in a forest .........................................................................................................126
4.12 Determination of total weight, loads on front and rear axles, tires holding capacity and
the required minimum ballast ......................................................................................................127
4.13 Possibility of front loader installation .................................................................................129
4.13.1 General information ..........................................................................................................129
4.13.2 Safety measures while tractor “BELARUS-1523.5” operation with the loader
installed...........................................................................................................................................131
4.13.3 Information on the tractor mounting holes ...................................................................133
5 MAINTENANCE .........................................................................................................................135
5.1 General instructions ...............................................................................................................135
5.2 Providing access to the components for maintenance services .....................................137
5.3 Maintenance procedure.........................................................................................................139
5.4 Scheduled maintenance service operations ......................................................................142

1523.5-0000010 OM
6
5.4.1 Maintenance service on a shift basis (SBMS) in every 8 – 10 hours of operation or
per shift ...........................................................................................................................................142
5.4.2 Maintenance service in every 125 hours of operation (MS-1) .....................................148
5.4.3 Maintenance services in every 250 hours of operation (2MS-1), in every 500 hours of
operation (MS-2), in every 1000 hours of operation (MS-3), in every 2000 hours of
operation (special maintenance) and maintenance service that does not coincide with
intervals of MS-1, 2MS-1, MS-2, MS-3 and special MS..........................................................157
5.4.3.1 General instructions.........................................................................................................157
5.4.3.2 Operation 33. Check / adjustment of clearances in steering joints..........................157
5.4.3.3 Operation 34. Check / adjustment of wheel toe-in......................................................158
5.4.3.4 Operation 44. Check / adjustment of service brake control ......................................159
5.4.3.5 Operation 45. Check / adjustment of parking brake control......................................161
5.4.4 General maintenance services..........................................................................................162
5.4.4.1 General instructions.........................................................................................................162
5.4.4.2 Operation 80. Adjustment of GB centrifuge valves ....................................................162
5.4.4.3 Operation 81. Maintenance of the engine air cleaner ................................................163
5.5 Seasonal maintenance services ..........................................................................................164
5.6 Safety measures while maintenance service and repair operations ..............................165
5.6.1 General safety requirements .............................................................................................165
5.6.2 Safety precautions for exclusion of hazardous situations related to accumulator
batteries and a fuel tank...............................................................................................................165
5.6.3 Guidelines for safe use of leveling jacks and statement of proper places for their
installation.......................................................................................................................................166
5.7 Instruments, work tools and measuring devices while maintenance services and repair
..........................................................................................................................................................168
5.8 Filling and lubrication of the tractor with fuel and lubrication materials..........................169
6. POSSIBLE FAILURES AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THEIR TROUBLESHOOTING ....174
6.1 Possible clutch failures and instructions for their troubleshooting ..................................174
6.2 Possible failures in gearbox and instructions for their troubleshooting..........................177
6.3 Possible failures in the electronic control system for rear axle differential lock, front
driving axle drive, front power take off shaft, GB reduction gear and instructions for their
troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................................178
6.4 Possible failures in rear axle and instructions for their troubleshooting.........................180
6.5 Possible failures in rear power take-off shaft and instructions for their troubleshooting
..........................................................................................................................................................181
6.6 Possible failures in front power take-off shaft and instructions for their troubleshooting
..........................................................................................................................................................182
6.7 Possible failures of brakes and instructions for their troubleshooting ............................183
6.8 Possible failures in the pneumatic system and instructions for their troubleshooting .185
6.9 Possible failures of the transmission hydraulic system and instructions for their
troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................................187
6.10 Possible failures of FDA and instructions for their troubleshooting..............................188
6.11 Possible failures of the hydrostatic steering control and instructions for their
troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................................190
6.12 Possible failures in the electronic control system of RLL and instructions for their
troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................................193
6.13 Possible failures of the hydraulic lift linkage and guidelines for troubleshooting .......199
6.13.1 General information ..........................................................................................................199
6.13.2 Instructions for troubleshooting in HLL.........................................................................199
6.14 Possible failures in the electrical equipment and instructions for their troubleshooting
..........................................................................................................................................................202
6.15 Possible failures of air-conditioning and cab heating systems and instructions for
troubleshooting ..............................................................................................................................204

1523.5-0000010 OM
7
6.16 Possible engine failures and instructions on their troubleshooting ..............................205
7. TRACTOR STORAGE .............................................................................................................206
7.1 General instructions ...............................................................................................................206
7.2 Requirements for inter-shift storage of machines..............................................................206
7.3 Requirements for short-term tractors storage ....................................................................206
7.4 Requirements for outdoors long-term storage ...................................................................207
7.5 Preservation ............................................................................................................................208
7.6 Depreservation and represervation .....................................................................................208
7.7 Putting tractor into operation after long-term storage .......................................................208
7.8 Safety requirements for preservation ..................................................................................209
8. TRACTOR TOWING ................................................................................................................209
Service bulletins ............................................................................................................................210

1523.5-0000010 OM
8
Introduction
The present manual is designed for studying the structure, operation rules and mainte-
nance of tractors «BELARUS-1523.5».
Scrutinize this manual. It will help you to study the rules of correct operation and mainte-
nance.
Failure to follow these instructions can lead to operator's injury or a tractor breakdown.
Tractor operation, its maintenance and repair shall be carried out only by employees, fa-
miliar with all of its parameters and characteristics and informed about necessary safety
requirements to prevent casualties.
Due to constant tractor development, some changes which are not specified in the present
manual can be introduced in the structure of certain units and parts.
Any arbitrary changes made by a consumer release the manufacturer from responsibility
for possible further injuries to the operator and a tractor breakdown.
Adopted abbreviations and conventional notations:
ADL – automatic differential lock;
AB – accumulator battery;
DL – differential lock;
RADL – rear axle differential lock;
PLU – pilot lamps unit;
FB – fuse block;
FC – fast coupling;
PTO – power takeoff shaft;
PRS – power reception shaft;
HSC – hydrostatic steering control;
HLL – hydraulic lift linkage;
HS – hydraulic system;
FFVS – frequency fuel volume sensor;
STM – shift-time maintenance;
RPTO – rear power take-off shaft;
SPTA – spare parts, tools and accessories;
RA – rear axle;
RLL – rear lift linkage;
II – integrated indicator;
GB – gearbox;
MI – multifunction indicator;
MTU – machine and tractor unit;
CC – coupling clutch;
LL – lift linkage;
CL – coolant;
IAC – inlet air cooler;
FDA – front driving axle;
FPTO – front power take-off shaft;
FLL – front lift linkage;
VC – voltage converter;
FDAD – front driving axle drive;
CM – control module;
IICP – integrated indicator control module;
HPH – high pressure hoses;
HP – heating plugs;
SM – seasonal maintenance;
MS – maintenance service;
MS1 – maintenance service No1;
MS2 – maintenance service No2;
MS3 – maintenance service No3;
DH – drawbar hitch;
ECS – electronic control system;
EECS – engine electronic control system;
EE – electrical equipment.

1523.5-0000010 OM
9
The manufacturer uses standard international symbols regarding application of instru-
ments and control units.
Given below are the symbols with indication of their meanings.
see the manual;
control manipulations;
brake;
fast;
handbrake;
slowly;
audible beep;
forward;
alarm signaling;
reverse;
fuel; accumulator charging;
coolant;
cab dome light;
heating plugs; parking lights;
engine speed; tractor turn indicator;
oil pressure in the engine;
tractor trailer turn indicator;
temperature of engine coolant;
upper beam;
low beam;
off / stop; working lights;
on / start;
differential lock;
gradual adjustment;
PTO engaged;

1523.5-0000010 OM
10
front screen wiper; front driving axle drive;
rear screen wiper and washer; fan;
brake fluid level in main cylin-
der tanks;
air filter clogged;
oil pressure in HSC engine start;
beacon — road-train
oil pressure in gearbox — external cylinder – retracting
braking of gearbox
— external cylinder – protracting
air pressure in pneumatic sys-
tem — external cylinder – floating
— swivel lever – up engine stop
— swivel lever – down