Emerson Leroy Somer R450 Instruction Manual

R450
VOIR NOTICE SEE NOTICE
VOLT. STAB. I EXC
STAT.
FUSIBLES / FUSES
1k
3PH. S1 S2
50 Hz
60 Hz
EXT FREQ
SETTING
LEDS
USC
Installation & maintenance manual :
www.leroy-somer.com
380V 220 110 0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0 5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
3 PAHASES SENSING
2
30
1
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
SHUNT / AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
LSA
49 / 50
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
49 / 50
A.V.R.
R450
Installation and maintenance
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2
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
SAFETY MEASURES
Before using your machine for the rst time,
it is important to read the whole of this
installation and maintenance manual.
All necessary operations and interventions
on this machine must be performed by a
qualied technician.
Our technical support service will be pleased
to provide any additional information you
may require.
The various operations described in this
manual are accompanied by recommen-
dations or symbols to alert the user to
potential risks of accidents. It is vital that you
understand and take notice of the following
warning symbols.
Warning symbol for an operation capable
of damaging or destroying the machine
or surrounding equipment.
Warning symbol for general danger to
personnel.
Warning symbol for electrical danger to
personnel.
All servicing or repair operations
performed on the AVR should be
undertaken by personnel trained in the
commissioning, servicing and main-
tenance of electrical and mechanical
components.
When the generator is driven at a
frequency less than 28 Hz for more than
30 seconds with an analogic regulator,
the AC power must be disconnected.
WARNING
This A.V.R. can be incorporated in a
machine marked C.E.
This manual is be given to the end user.
© - We reserve the right to modify the
characteristics of its products at any time in
order to incorporate the latest technological
developments. The informa-tion contained
in this document may therefore be changed
without notice.
This document may not be reproduced in
any form without prior authorization.
All brands and models have been registered
and patents applied for.
WARNING
This manual concerns the alternator A.V.R. which you have just purchased.
We wish to draw your attention to the contents of this maintenance manual.
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3
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
CONTENTS
1 - GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................................4
1.1 - Description...................................................................................................................4
1.2 - Characteristic...............................................................................................................4
2 - POWER SUPPLY ...............................................................................................................5
2.1 - AREP excitation system ...............................................................................................5
2.2 - PMG excitation system.................................................................................................6
2.3 - SHUNT or separate excitation system..........................................................................7
3 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS....................................................................................8
3.1 - Electrical characteristics...............................................................................................8
3.2 - Congurations..............................................................................................................8
3.3 - U/F and LAM functions...............................................................................................12
3.4 - Typical effects of the LAM with a diesel engine with or without a LAM (U/F only) ........12
3.5 - AVR options ...............................................................................................................13
4 - INSTALLATION - COMMISSIONING ............................................................................... 14
4.1 - Electrical checks on the AVR ......................................................................................14
4.2 - Setting up...................................................................................................................14
4.3 - Electrical faults...........................................................................................................17
5 - SPARE PARTS.................................................................................................................18
5.1 - Designation................................................................................................................18
5.2 - Technical support service ...........................................................................................18
Disposal and recycling instructions
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4
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
1 - GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 - Description
The R450 AVR is supplied in a casing
designed to be mounted on a panel with
dampers.
- Operating temperature: - 30°C to + 65° C.
- Storage temperature: - 55°C to + 85°C.
- Shocks on the base: 9 g depending on the
3 axes.
- Vibrations: less than 10 Hz, 2 mm
half-peak amplitude 10 Hz to 100 Hz: 100
mm/s, above 100 Hz: 8 g.
WARNING
The AVR is IP00, it must be incorporated
in an environment which ensures it a
IP20 protection.
1.2 - Characteristic
The connection is realised by “Faston”
connectors and the voltage sensing is
single - phase.
R450
VOIR NOTICE SEE NOTICE
VOLT. STAB. I EXC
STAT.
FUSIBLES / FUSES
1k
3PH. S1 S2
50 Hz
60 Hz
EXT FREQ
SETTING
140 mm
LEDS
P1 Voltage
P2 Stability
P3 Excitation
Overrun
indications
Fuses 10A
USC
Installation & maintenance manual :
www.leroy-somer.com
115 mm
380V 220 110 0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
200 mm
Rotating switch
- Lam and U/F
- Voltage
- Excitation
4 holes Ø 6.5 mm
175 mm
50 Hz
60 Hz
P4
Quad
droop
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0 5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
3 PAHASES SENSING
2
30
1
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
SHUNT / AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
LSA
49 / 50
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
49 / 50
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5
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
2 - POWER SUPPLY
Both the SHUNT/AREP & PMG excitation
systems are controlled by the AVR.
2.1 - AREP excitation system
With AREP excitation, the electronic AVR is
powered by two auxiliary windings which
are independent of the voltage sensing
circuit.
The rst winding has a voltage proportional
to the alternator main voltage (Shunt
characteristic), the second one has a
voltage proportional to the stator current
(compound characteristic : Booster effect).
The power supply voltage is rectied and
ltered before being used by the AVR
monitoring transistor.
This system provides the machine with a
short-circuit current capacity of 3 IN for 10 s.
The rotating switch should be in the AREP
position (see 3.2.3).
AREP SYSTEM
Field
Armature
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
according to voltage
Aux. windings
10 Yellow 11 Red
9 Green
12 Black
10 Yellow
11 Red
9 Green
12 Black
STATOR : 6 wires ( T1 to T6)
STATOR : 12 wires ( T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
R450
VOIR NOTICE SEE NOTICE
VOLT. STAB. I EXC
STAT.
FUSIBLES / FUSES
1k
3PH. S1 S2
50 Hz
60 Hz
EXT FREQ
SETTING
LEDS
USC
Installation & maintenance manual :
www.leroy-somer.com
380V 220 110 0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0 5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
3 PAHASES SENSING
2
30
1
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
SHUNT / AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
LSA
49 / 50
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
49 / 50
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6
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
2.2 - PMG excitation system
With PMG excitation, a permanent magnet
generator (PMG) added to the alternator
supplies the AVR with voltage which is
independent of the main alternator winding.
This system provides the machine with a
short-circuit current capacity of 3 IN for 10 s.
The AVR monitors the alternator output
voltage by adjusting the excitation current.
The rotating switch should be in the PMG
position (see 3.2.3).
PMG SYSTEM
PMG
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
14
14
15
15
16
16
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
according to voltage
Field
Armature
STATOR : 6 wires ( T1 to T6)
STATOR : 12 wires ( T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
R450
VOIR NOTICE SEE NOTICE
VOLT. STAB. I EXC
STAT.
FUSIBLES / FUSES
1k
3PH. S1 S2
50 Hz
60 Hz
EXT FREQ
SETTING
LEDS
USC
Installation & maintenance manual :
www.leroy-somer.com
380V 220 110 0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0 5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
3 PAHASES SENSING
2
30
1
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
SHUNT / AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
LSA
49 / 50
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
49 / 50
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7
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
2.3 - SHUNT or separate excitation
system
With SHUNT excitation, the AVR is powered
by the main winding (100V to 140V -
50/60 Hz ) by using X1, X2 on the AVR.
The rotating switch should be in the SHUNT/
AREP position (see 3.2.3).
SHUNT SYSTEM
T1 T2 T3
T4 T5 T6
Varistor
5+ 6-
T7 T8 T9
T10 T11 T12
X2
X1
Field
Armature
STATOR : 6 wires ( T1 to T6)
STATOR : 12 wires ( T1 to T12)
MAIN FIELD
R450
VOIR NOTICE SEE NOTICE
VOLT. STAB. I EXC
STAT.
FUSIBLES / FUSES
1k
3PH. S1 S2
50 Hz
60 Hz
EXT FREQ
SETTING
LEDS
USC
Installation & maintenance manual :
www.leroy-somer.com
380V 220 110 0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
according to voltage
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0 5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
3 PAHASES SENSING
2
30
1
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
SHUNT / AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
LSA
49 / 50
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
46 / 47
LSA
49 / 50
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8
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
3 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
3.1 - Electrical characteristics
- maximum power supply: 150V - 50/60 Hz
- Rated overload current: 10 A - 10 s
- Electronic protection:
- In the case of a short-circuit, the excitation
current is reduced to a value less than 1A
after 10 s
- In the event of loss of voltage reference,
the excitation current is reduced to a value
less than 1A after 1s for AREP/SHUNT, 10 s
for PMG.
- In the event of overexcitation, the current
is reduced as indicated in the next diagram
(see 3.2.1.4).
- Fuses: F1 on X1 and F2 on Z2 10A, 250V.
- Voltage sensing
• 0-110 V terminals = 95 to 140 V
• 0-220 V terminals = 170 to 260 V
• 0-380 V terminals = 340 to 528 V
For other voltages, a transformer should be
used.
- Voltage regulation:± 0.5%.
- Current sensing: (parallel operation): input
S1, S2 intended for 1 C.T. < 2.5 VA cl1,
secondary 1 A or 5 A.
3.2 - Congurations
3.2.1 - Settings
3.2.1.1 - Voltage
Voltage adjustment via potentiometer P1 in
the ranges described in the table below:
For 50 and 60 Hz Max.
High range 320V < Un ≤ 530 V
Low range 80 V ≤ Un ≤ 320 V
WARNING
The allowed adjustment range is ±5%;
when the setting exceeds these limits,
please check that it is conform with the
power table.
3.2.1.2 - Quadrature droop
Quadrature droop adjustment via
potentiometer P4 within a range :
- from 0 to 8% with a PF=0.8 for 400V
applications.
- From 0 to 14% with a PF=0.8 for 240V
applications.
- From 0 to 8% for 110V applications with a
step-up transformer (ratio of 4) placed on
the voltage reference.
The potentiometer P4 has a non linear
response. Then, when a 1A secondary CT is
connected the effective range starts from
the the second 1/3 of P4 range and in the
case of a 5A secondary CT the effective
range starts from the rst 1/3.
When a 5A CT is used, the adjustment range
is higher, so P4 must be set to the rst 1/4
(anti-clockwise) and then progressively
increase it.
WARNING
The CT must be connected.
3.2.1.3 - Stability
Stability adjustment via potentiometer P2.
Selection of rotating switch according to the
machine type and the response time as
indicated in paragraph 3.2.3.
3.2.1.4 - Excitation limitation
Excitation limitation adjustment via
potentiometer P3 as described below.
The excitation current limitation threshold in
steady state is set by a potentiometer at
110% of the rated value. The adjustment is
made by the operator during the on-load test
at rated power by tuning the potentiometer.
When the excitation current exceeds this
value, a counter is activated at the speed of
one record per second for 90 s. When this
time is elapsed, the current is reduced to the
value of the rated excitation current. If in the
meantime the excitation current drops
below the threshold value, the counter
counts down at the same speed.
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9
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
WARNING
The limitation threshold must be
adjustable between 1 and 5.5 A. The
genset breaker must be open during the
short circuit. If the genset is restarted in
short circuit, there is a excitation build
up during 10s again at the maximum
value.
Operation between 3 and 6 In when
short-circuited:
The excitation current ceiling during a
short-circuit equals 2.9 times the xed
threshold when setting the permitted
excitation ceiling in continuous operation.
When the threshold is exceeded for a period
= 10 s the current is reduced to a value
between 0.5 and 0.7 A (shutdown).
In all operating conditions the maximum
excitation current must be limited to
9 A ± 0.5 A.
Overrun indications:
One green LED:
- Lights up when the excitation current is
below the continuous operation threshold
It signals the AVR normal operation.
- Turns off when the excitation current ceiling
used to obtain short-circuit operation is
reached and when the excitation current is
reduced to the shutdown value.
- Flashes when the over excitation counter
is decrementing.
NB: After an obvious short-circuit, the
voltage is limited to 70% of the rated voltage.
This avoids overvoltages on machines
whose no-load excitation current is below
the “lower current” threshold (only inAREP).
P3
Diagram 1
9.5
I exc(A)
(Maximum current I exc)
Decrease of
90 s tempo. Activation of
90 s tempo.
Activation of
90 s tempo.
Red led
Green led
Activation of
10 s tempo. 10s tempo. elapsed :
shutdown apllication
t(s)
2.9x I threshold
(max. 9.5 A)
I threshold
(1...5.5A)
Shutdown
0.5 ~ 0.7
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10
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
One red LED:
- Lights up simultaneously with the green led
when the continuous operation threshold is
reached for more than 90 s and the excitation
current is reduced to the continuous
operation threshold. It is used to set the
excitation current ceiling
- Turns off when the excitation current is less
than the setting value (< 110% In)
- Flashes when the excitation current is
above the continuous operation threshold
during less than 90 s.
Green LED stays on,
- ashes when the excitation current has
reached the ceiling in < 10s with PMG
excitation.
- ftays on if Iexc = I Shutdown.
WARNING
If the overload protection is activated, a
voltage drop possibly exceeding 10% of
the reference voltage will be observed.
The AVR does not provide undervoltage
protection. The customer will need to
make sure that their installation is
correctly protected against under-
voltages.
During load shedding, an overvoltage is
observed, which will disappear in a few
seconds.
P3
Diagram 2
9.5
I exc(A)
t(s)
(Maximum current I exc)
Activation of
90 s. tempo
Red led
Green led
90 s. tempo elapsed : application
of permanent limitation
2.9x I threshold
(max. 9.5 A)
I threshold
(1...5.5A)
Shutdown
0.5 ~ 0.7
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11
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
3.2.2 - Rotating switch selection: LAM
and U/F
7
LAM
OFF
LAM
ON
ONLY FOR
SPECIAL
CONFIG.
KNEE
LAM OFF
65Hz
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
LAM
OFF
LAM
MODE 2
LAM
MODE 1
50Hz
EXT.FREQ.
SET.
60Hz
0
5
6
9
8
1
2
3
4
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
- Pos 0: Change in the voltage according to
the U/F ratio, knee-point position at 48 Hz.
- Pos 1: Change in the voltage according to
the 2U/F, knee-point position at 48 Hz.
- Pos 2: Change in the voltage according to
the self auto-adaptating LAM combined with
2U/F, knee-point position at 48 Hz.
- Pos 3: Change in the voltage according to
the U/F ratio, knee-point position at 58 Hz
- Pos 4: Change in the voltage according to
the 2U/F, knee-point position at 58 Hz.
- Pos 5: Change in the voltage according to
the self auto-adaptating LAM combined with
2U/F, knee-point position at 58 Hz.
- Pos 6: Change in the voltage according to
the U/F ratio, knee-point position at 65 Hz
(Tractelec application and variable speed
above 1800 rpm).
- Pos 7: Special (not used).
- Pos 8: Change in the voltage according to
the U/F ratio, knee-point position at 48 Hz or
58 Hz according to selection of the frequency
by an external contact.
- Pos 9: Change in the voltage according to
LAM 1, knee-point position at 48 Hz or 58 Hz
according to selection of the frequency by
an external contact
WARNING
For Pavers and hydraulic applications,
select positions 0 (50 Hz) or 3 (60 Hz).
3.2.3 - Rotating switch: excitation type
and time response
RAPIDE
FAST
RAPIDE
FAST
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
NORMAL
AREP
PMG
2
30
1
0
3
2
1
0: AREP excitation and normal time
response.
3: AREP excitation and fast time response.
1:PMGexcitationandnormaltime response.
2: PMG excitation and fast time response.
ForSHUNTapplications,AREPexcitation
must be selected.
3.2.4 - Rotating switch: voltage sensing
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
7000 / 8000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
SERIES
5000 / 6000
1 PHASE SENSING
ONLY WITH
EXTERNAL R731 MODULE
3 PHASES SENSING
2
30
1
0
3
2
1
LSA 49 / 50
LSA 49 / 50
LSA 46 / 47
LSA 46 / 47
0: Single phase sensing
- LSA46 / 47 series.
3: Single phase sensing
- LSA49 / 50 series.
1: Three-phase sensing with optional
module R731
- LSA46 / 47 series.
2: Three-phase sensing with optional
module R731
- LSA49 / 50 series.
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12
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
3.3 - U/F and LAM function
3.3.1 - Frequency variation compared
with voltage (without LAM)
100 %
50 Hz 60 Hz
Hz
50 Hz
48 Hz
57.5 Hz
60 Hz
Voltage
Bend
U/UN
Frequency
3.3.2 - LAM (Load Acceptance Module)
characteristics
3.3.2.1 - Voltage drop
The LAM system is integrated in theAVR.As
standard it is active.
Role of the LAM:
On application of a load, the genset rotation
speed decreases. When it falls below the
preset frequency threshold, the LAM causes
the voltage to drop proportionately to the
frequency (LAM1) or to the active power
(LAM2) depending the the rotating switch
position. This reduces the active load scale
applied until the speed returns to its rated
value.
Hence the LAM can be used either to reduce
the speed variation (frequency) and its
duration for a given applied load, or to
increase the applied load possible for one
speed variation (turbo-charged engine).
To avoid voltage oscillations, the trip
threshold for the LAM function should be set
approximately 2 Hz below the rated
frequency.
LAM
UN
0
48 or 58 Hz
0,85 UN
Voltage
Voltage
U/f
50 or 60 Hz
fC fN
ST3
3.3.2.2 - Soft voltage recovery function
During load impacts, the function helps the
genset to return to its rated speed faster with
a gradual increase in voltage according to
the principle:
- If the speed drops between 46 and 50 Hz
(in 50Hz operation), the rated voltage is
recovered by following a fast gradient.
- If the speed drops below 46 Hz, since the
engine needs more help, the voltage follows
a slow gradient as it returns to the reference
value.
0
Time
Drop N 46 Hz
U
Drop N > 46 Hz
3.4 - Typical effects of the LAM with a
diesel engine with or without a LAM
(U/F only)
3.4.1 - Voltage
3.4.2 - Frequency
U N
0
0,9
0,8
(U/f)
with
LAM Time
without LAM
1 s 2 s 3 s
Transient voltage drop
0,9
0,8
f N
Max. speed drop
0
with
LAM
Time
without
LAM
1 s 2 s 3 s
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13
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
3.4.3 - Power
3.5 - AVR options
- Current transformer for parallel opera-
tion of....../1 A or 5 A according to the po-
tentiometer P4 position.
- Voltage transformer (adaptation)
- Remote voltage adjustment potentio-
meter.
For a range of variation:
± 5% : 470 Ω
± 10% : 1 kΩ
the power of the potentiometer can be
0.5 W, 2 W or 3 W.
The potentiometer input must be
isolated. Do not connect it to the ground.
- R731 module: 3-phase voltage sensing
200 to 500 V, compatible with parallel
operation in balanced installations.
- R734 module: 3-phase current and
voltage sensing for parallel operation on
unbalanced installations (unbalance >
15%).
- R726 module: regulation system changed
to “4 - function” (see the maintenance
manual and connection diagram).
• PF regulation (2F) .
• Equalization of voltages before
paralleling (3 F).
• Possibility of coupling to the mains of
alternators already running in parallel (4F).
- R729 module: same as R726 with
additional functions.
• Detection of a diode fault.
• 4-20 mA input.
• Possibility of kVAR regulation.
-Voltage control: with an isolated
D.C. current source applied to the terminals
used for the external potentiometer:
• Internal impedance 1.5 kΩ.
• A variation of ± 0.5 V corresponds to a
voltage adjustment of ± 10%.
01 s 2 s 3 s
Time
LAM
Variation in the load
Load on the shaft (kW)
Load shedding due to LAM
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14
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
4-INSTALLATION-COMMISSIONING
4.1 - Electrical checks on the AVR
- Check that all connections have been
made properly as shown in the attached
wiring diagram.
- Check the rotating switches selections
- frequency,
- type of alternator,
- normal position (response time),
- external potentiometer,
- rated voltage,
- secondar y current of the CT used,
- type of excitation.
- R450 optional operating modes
4.2 - Setting up
The various adjustments during tests
must be made by a qualied engineer. It
is essential that the drive speed
specied on the nameplate is reached
before commencing adjustment. After
operational testing, replace all access
panels or covers.
The AVR is used to make any
adjustments to the machine.
4.2.1 - Setting up the R450
Before using the AVR, make sure that
the rotating switches have been
correctly congured with AREP/SHUNT
or PMG excitation
a) Initial potentiometer settings (see table
below)
Action Factory setting Pot.
P1
P2
P3
P4
10 A
maximum
400 V - 50 Hz
Not set
(centre position)
Not set
(fully
anti-clockwise)
Excitation ceiling
- Factory-sealed
Voltage quadrature droop
(// operation with C.T.)
- 0 quadrature droop fully
anti-clockwise
Voltage
minimum fully
anti-clockwise
Stability
Stability adjustments in standalone
operation
b) Install a D.C. analogue voltmeter (needle
dial) cal. 100 V on terminals F+, F- and an
A.C. voltmeter cal. 300 - 500 or 1000 V on
the alternator output terminals.
c)Check the rotating switch selection.
d) Voltage potentiometer P1 at minimum,
fully anti-clockwise.
e) Stability potentiometer P2 around 1/3 in
from the anti-clockwise stop.
f) Start the engine and set its speed to a
frequency of 48 Hz for 50 Hz, or 58 for
60 Hz.
g) Set the output voltage to the desired
value using P1.
- Rated voltage UNfor solo operation
(eg. 400 V)
- Or UN+ 2 to 4% for parallel operation with
C.T. (eg. 410 V -)
If the voltage oscillates, use P2 to make
adjustments (try both directions), observing
the voltage between F+ and F- (approx.
10 V D.C.). The best response time is
obtained at the limit of the instability. If no
stable position can be obtained, try selecting
the fast position.
h) Check LAM operation: depending on the
rotating switch selection.
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15
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
i) Vary the frequency (speed) around 48 or
58 Hz according to the operating frequency,
and check the change in voltage from that
observed previously (~ 15%).
j) Readjust the speed of the genset to its
rated no-load value.
Adjustments in parallel operation
Before starting work on the alternator, make
sure that the speed droop is identical for all
engines.
k) Preset for parallel operation (with C.T.
connected to S1, S2)
- Potentiometer P4 (quadrature droop) in
1/4 position in the case of 5A CT and at 1/2
position in the case of 1A CT.
Apply the rated load (PF = 0.8 inductive).
The voltage should drop by 2 to 3% (400 V).
If it increases, check that neither V and W
nor S1 and S2 have been reversed.
l) The no-load voltages should be identical
for all the alternators intended to run in
parallel.
- Couple the machines in parallel.
- By adjusting the speed, try to obtain 0 kW
power exchange.
- By altering the voltage setting P1 on one of
the machines, try to cancel (or minimise) the
current circulating between the machines.
- From now on, do not touch the voltage
settings.
m) Apply the available load (the setting is
only correct if a reactive load is available)
- By altering the speed, match the kW (or
divide the rated power of the units
proportionally)
- By altering the quadrature droop
potentiometer P4, match or divide the
currents.
4.2.2 - Max. excitation adjustment
(excitation ceiling)
In standard setting, the potentiometer P3 is
in maximum position.
However, for applications requiring an
overload protection (see 3.2.1.4), the
excitation ceiling must be adjusted by using
the following procedures in AREP and PMG.
Method 1 :
-Connect the AVR to the alternator
-apply load to 110% of rated machine rated
at PF=0.8, the green led is on and the red
one is off.
-record the excitation current value
-adjust P3 until obtaining the red led ashing,
the green one is always on.
-decrease the load to 100% and make sure
that the red led is off.
- Increase the load at 115%, check that the
red LED ashes during 90 seconds and that
the excitation current is brought back to the
above adjusted value (Iex adjusted).
Method 2 :
The rated excitation current (see machine
plate) must be multiplied by 1.1 and the
obtained value is used to set the
potentiometer P3 at the right position.
The following table must be used.
Position of P3 I exc (A)
8h 1
9h 1.55
10h 1.95
11h 2.5
12h 3.15
13h 3.65
14h 4.25
15h 4.7
16h 5.15
P3
8H
12H
16H
NB: In the case of a permanent short-circuit,
the excitation current must reach 2.9 x Iex
adjusted (limited to 9.5A), during 1 second
in AREP or 10 seconds in PMG and shuts
down to a value less than 1A.
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16
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
When the excitation current is set to the
rated value, a voltage dip is observed in
excitation current limit when the
limitation is activated and the current
limit is reached.
4.2.3 - Special type of use
WARNING
The excitation circuit F+, F- must not be
left open when the machine is running:
this will irreparably damage the AVR.
4.2.3.1 - R450 (SHUNT) eld weakening
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
E-
The exciter is switched off by disconnecting
the AVR power supply (1 wire - X1 or X2)
Contact rating: 16 A - 250 V A.C.
4.2.3.2 - R450 (AREP/PMG) eld
weakening
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
E-
The exciter is switched off by disconnecting
the AVR power supply (1 wire on each
auxiliary winding) - contact rating 16 A -
250 V A.C.
Connection is identical for resetting the AVR
internal protection.
If eld weakening is used, provide eld
forcing.
4.2.3.3 - R450 eld forcing
Applications B Volt Time t
Guaranteed voltage build-up 12 (1A) 1 - 2 s
Parallel operation, de-energized 12 (1A) 1 - 2 s
Parallel operation, at standstill 12 (1A) 5 - 10 s
Frequency starting 12 (1A) 5 - 10 s
Sustained voltage on overload 12 (1A) 5 - 10 s
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
E-
Battery (B Volt)
+
-
t
(400V - 10A)
Exciter field winding
Diode
t
B Volt
Field forcing
Time
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17
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
4.3 - Electrical faults
Fault Action Measurements Check/Cause
No voltage at
no load on
start-up
Connect a new battery
of 4 to 12 V to terminals
F- and F+, respecting
the polarity, for 2 to 3
seconds
The alternator builds up and its
voltage is still correct when the
battery is removed
- Lack of residual magnetism
The alternator builds up but its
voltage does not reach the rated
value when the battery is removed
- Check the connection of the voltage
reference to the AVR
- Faulty diodes
- Armature short-circuit
The alternator builds up but its
voltage disappears when the
battery is removed
- Faulty AVR
- Field windings disconnected
- Revolving eld coil open circuit. Check the
resistance
Voltage too
low
Check the drive speed
Correct speed
- Check the AVR connections and settings
(AVR faulty)
- Field windings short-circuited
- Rotating diodes burnt out
- Revolving eld coil short-circuited
- Check the resistance
Speed too low
Increase the drive speed
(Do not touch the AVR voltage pot. (P1)
before running at the correct speed)
Voltage too
high
Adjust AVR voltage
potentiometer
Adjustment ineffective - Faulty AVR
- 1 faulty diode
Voltage
oscillations
Adjust AVR stability
potentiometer
If no effect: try normal/fast
recovery modes
- Check the speed: possibility of cyclic
irregularity
- Loose connections
- Faulty AVR
- Speed too low when on load
(or U/F knee-point set too high)
Voltage
correct at no
load and too
low when on
load (*)
Run at no load and
check the voltage
between F+ and F- on
the AVR
Voltage between F+ and F-
AREP/PMG < 10 V
- Check the speed
(or U/F knee-point set too high)
Voltage between F+ and F-
AREP/PMG > 15 V
- Faulty rotating diodes
- Short-circuit in the revolving eld coil.
Check the resistance
- Faulty exciter armature
(*) Caution: For single-phase operation, check that the sensing wires coming from the AVR are correctly connected to
the operating terminals.
Voltage
disappears
during
operation (**)
Check the AVR, the
surge suppressor, the
rotating diodes, and
replace any defective
components
The voltage does not return to the
rated value
- Exciter winding open circuit
- Faulty exciter armature
- Faulty AVR
- Revolving eld coil open circuit or
short-circuited
- Overload (see LED)
(**) Caution: Internal protection may be activated (overload, open circuit, short-circuit)
Caution: After operational testing or
troubleshooting, replace all access
panels or covers.
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18
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
5 - SPARE PARTS
5.1 - Designation
Description Type Code
Voltage regulator
(AVR)
R450 AEM 110 RE 031
5.2 - Technical support service
Our technical support service will be pleased to
provide any additional information you may
require.
When ordering spare parts, you should indicate
the AVR type and code number.
Address your enquiry to your usual contact.
Our extensive network of service centres can
dispatch the necessary parts without delay.
To ensure correct operation and the safety of our
machines, we recommend the use of original
manufacturer spare parts.
In the event of failure to comply with this advice,
the manufacturer cannot be held responsible for
any damage.
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2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
Disposal and recycling instructions
We are committed to limit the environmental
impact of our activity. We continuously
survey our production processes, material
sourcing and products design to improve
recyclability and diminish our footprint.
These instructions are for information
purposes only. It is the user responsibility to
comply with local legislation regarding
product disposal and recycling.
Recyclable materials
Our alternators are mainly built out of iron,
steel and copper materials, which can be
reclaimed for recycling purposes.
These materials can be reclaimed through a
combination of manual dismantling,
mechanical separation and melting
processes. Our technical support depar-
tment can provide detailed directions on
products dismounting upon request.
Waste & hazardous materials
The following components and materials
need a special treatment and need to be
separated from the alternator before the
recycling process:
- electronic materials found in the terminal
box, including the Automatic Voltage
Regulator (198), Current Transformers
(176), interference suppression module
(199) and other semi-conductors.
- diode Bridge (343) and Surge suppressor
(347), found on the alternator rotor.
- major plastic components, such as the
terminal box structure on some products.
These components are usually marked with
plastic type information.
All materials listed above need special
treatment to separate waste from
reclaimable material and should be handed
to specialized disposal companies.
The oil and grease from the lubrication
systemshouldbeconsideredasahazardous
waste and has to be handled according to
local legislation.
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20
2016.06 / h
Electric Power Generation Installation and maintenance
R450
A.V.R.
4531 en -
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