Furuno CSH-5 MARK-2 User manual

COLOR SCANNING SONAR
CSH-5 MARK-2

C
9-52, Ashihara-cho,
Nishinomiya, Japan
Telephone: [phone]
Telefax: 0798-65-4200
Your Local Agent/Dealer
All rights reserved.
PUB. No. OME-12990
CSH-5 MARK2
(
DAMI
)
FIRST EDITION : NOV. 1995
E : DEC. 6, 2000
Printed in Japan

iiiiiiiiiiiii
i
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING
WARNING
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Do not open the equipment.
Only qualified personnel
should work inside the
equipment.
Immediately turn off the power at the
switchboard if water leaks into the
equipment or something is dropped in
the equipment.
Continued use of the equipment can cause
fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO
agent for service.
Do not disassemble or modify the
equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can
result.
Do not place liquid-filled containers on
the top of the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid
spills into the equipment.
Immediately turn off the power at the
switchboard if the equipment is emitting
smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause
fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO
agent for service.
Make sure no rain or water splash leaks
into the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if water
leaks in the equipment.
WARNING
WARNING
Keep heater away from equipment.
A heater can melt the equipment’s power
cord, which can cause fire or electrical
shock.
Use the proper fuse.
Fuse rating is shown on the equipment.
Use of a wrong fuse can result in equipment
damage.
Do not operate the equipment with wet
hands.
Electrical shock can result.

ii
CAUTION
CAUTION
Do not exceed 18 knots when operating
the equipment and do not exceed 16
knots when lowering or raising the
transducer.
The transducer may become damaged.
The zinc block attached near the
transducer must be replaced yearly.
The junction between the transducer and
main shaft may corrode, which can result
in loss of the transducer or water leakage
inside the ship.
Do not use the equipment for other
than its intended purpose.
Use of the equipment as a stepping stool,
for example, may result in personal injury
or equipment damage.
A warning label is attached to the equip-
ment. Do not remove the label. If the
label is missing or damaged, contact
a FURUNO agent or dealer.
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock, do not
remove cover. No user-serviceable
parts inside.
Name: Warning Label (1)
Type: 86-003-1011-0
Code No.: 100-236-230

iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD _________________________________________ 1
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION_____________________________ 2
3. CONTROLS _________________________________________ 3
Operating Controls .......................................................................................................... 3
Main Panel ....................................................................................................................... 4
Control Box Panel ...........................................................................................................5
Menu Screen .................................................................................................................... 7
4. BASIC OPERATION __________________________________ 10
General .......................................................................................................................... 10
Turning the Power On/Off.............................................................................................10
Lowering the Transducer ............................................................................................... 11
Selecting a Display Range ............................................................................................. 11
Setting the TiltAngle ..................................................................................................... 11
Adjusting the Gain.........................................................................................................15
5. FINE TUNING THE PICTURE___________________________ 16
General .......................................................................................................................... 16
Eliminating Unwanted Feeble Echoes...........................................................................16
Displaying Surface Fish Clearly....................................................................................17
Suppressing Seabed Tail ................................................................................................17
Suppressing Seabed and Sea Surface Reflections in Shallow Fishing Grounds ...........18
Rejecting Sonar Interference and Noise ........................................................................18
Selecting Horizontal Beamwidth................................................................................... 19
Selecting Vertical Beamwidth........................................................................................19
6. ADVANCED OPERATION______________________________ 20
General .......................................................................................................................... 20
Measuring Range and Bearing to a Target.....................................................................20
Detecting Fish Schools Aurally .....................................................................................20
Relocating Fish School for Easy Observation ...............................................................21
Finding Fish School Center ...........................................................................................22
Registering F1/F2 (function) key and Recalling ........................................................... 22
7. MARK AND DATA____________________________________ 24
Marks .............................................................................................................................24
Data................................................................................................................................25
8. INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY _________________________ 26
General .......................................................................................................................... 26
Interpreting the Display .................................................................................................26

iv
9. WARNING __________________________________________ 30
Overvoltage Warning.....................................................................................................30
Unretracted Transducer Warning...................................................................................30
10. MENU ____________________________________________ 32
General .......................................................................................................................... 32
Changing Menu Settings ............................................................................................... 32
11. INTERFACE MODULE CSH-5060 ______________________ 35
Specifications.................................................................................................................35
Operation .......................................................................................................................36
Indications .....................................................................................................................47
Marks and Data..............................................................................................................51
Event Mark Position Output .......................................................................................... 52
12. MAINTENANCE ____________________________________ 53
General .......................................................................................................................... 53
13. UNIT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ___________________________ 54
Description of Unit-diagnostic Tests .............................................................................54
14. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ULTRASONIC WAVE IN
WATER___________________________________________ 58
Sound Velocity...............................................................................................................58
Absorption and Attenuation...........................................................................................59
Refraction ......................................................................................................................60
Adverse Effect of Air Bubbles....................................................................................... 61
Reflection at Seabed and Fish School ...........................................................................62
SPECIFICATIONS____________________________________ SP-1
INDEX

1
1. FOREWORD
The FURUNO CSH-5 MARK-2 Color Scanning Sonar is a full-
circle,multibeam electronic scanning sonar which detects and instan-
taneouslydisplays fish schools and underwater conditions in 16colors
on a 14" non-glare, high resolution CRTscreen. Its ease of operation,
versatility and compact size make it the perfect match for any class
of fishing vessel.
Some of the prominent features of the CSH-5 MARK-2 are as fol-
lows;
• Compact 8" tube retraction tank
• Vivid 16-color display greatly improves recognition of seabed, and
concentration, distribution and volume of fish schools.
• Various on-screen indications keep operator abreast of fishing con-
ditions.
• Change of control setting is indicated by displaying the new set-
ting in larger characters for five seconds.
• High power MOS FET transmitter ensures reliable operation un-
der any condition.
• Control box, for operation from a distance.
The CSH-5 MARK-2 is a highly sophisticated instrument which per-
formsits intended functions only when operated properly.Please care-
fully read and follow the recommended procedures for operation and
maintenance to take full advantage of the many features this unit has
to offer.

2
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
System Configuration

3
3. CONTROLS
Operating Controls
The CSH-5 MARK-2 provides intuitive operation. If you change a
control setting you will see the associated reaction on the screen al-
most immediately.All operations are carried out from the main panel
and the control box. The front panel incorporates mainly controls
which do not require frequent adjustment, such as brilliance, interfer-
ence rejector, and audio volume. The control box, which is connected
to the display unit via a 7 m-long connection cable, houses the most-
often used functions, including transducer operation controls, and
range and gain controls.
Main Panel
Control Panel
DISPLAY UNIT
CONTROL BOX
DEMAG Button
demagnetizes the
display for cleaning
irregular picture color.

4
Main Panel
46
8
2
010
46
8
2
010
46
8
2
010
46
8
2
010
46
8
2
010
46
8
2
010
NOISE LIM
AGC
2
13
OFF
VP
2
13
OFF
IR
CONTRAST
BRILL
DIMMER AUDIO
POWER
ON
OFF
AGC suppresses the echo tail of strong targets, e.g., the
seabed, for easy recognition of fish schools adjacent to the sea
bottom. Position "1" or "2" is the normal setting.
NOISE LIM is used to reject noise which is displayed over the
screen in light blue. Position "3" is the normal setting.
VP (Video Processor) adjusts the after-image of the echoes for
proper period; echoes are stretched in the radial direction. Set
at "1" for ordinary use.
IR (Interference Rejector) rejects random noise and
interference caused by other echo sounders or sonars.
BRILL adjusts brightness of the screen in eleven steps.
CONTRAST adjusts the range of brightness between
highlights and shadows on the produced image.
DIMMER adjusts panel (main panel and control box panel)
illumination.
AUDIO controls the volume of the built-in loudspeaker for
monitoring a target echo appearing the bearing mark.
POWER switches on and off the entire system.
COLOR SCANNING SONAR
Note: When the power is turned off before retracting the transducer,
the transducer is automatically retracted. However, for safety
purposes, do not forget to retract the transducer before turn-
ing the power off.

5
Control Box Panel
GAIN
RANGE
TRANSDUCER
AUTO
TILT
SECTOR
SCAN
F1
EVENT
R/B
OFF-
CENTER
F2
EVENT
DELETE
MENUTX
TILT
-+-+
TRANSDUCER retracts and lower the transducer. The lamp above the switch flickers while
the transducer is moving and lights when stopped.
TX turns on the transmitter, freeze the display and turns off the
transmitter. The light above the switch is on when the transmitter is turned on
and flickers when off.
Note: The transmitter is turned off when the transducer is retracted even if
the light above the TX switch is on.
MENU turns the menu display on and off.
GAIN adjusts the receiver sensitivity.
Adjust it for clear presentation of fish
school echoes. This control is also
used to change settings on menu
screens.
RANGE selects a picture display range. This control is
also used to select items on menu screens. Note that
this control endlessly turns in both directions.
TILT continuously varies the tilt
angle of the sounding beam
between 0°and - 55°. The operating
angle is always indicated on the
screen.
TRACKBALL moves the trackball mark ( ) to a desired position. The trackball
mark data, i.e., slant range, horizontal range, depth and bearing to the mark, are
always indicated on the screen. Additionally, this control is used to position the
own ship’s mark, enter event marks and set the alarm.

6
EVENTdisplays the latest event mark “ + ” and its position data; i.e.,
horizontal range, depth and bearing measured from own ship’s posi-
tion. (optional interface board is required to use this function.)
To delete event mark, locate the cursor on a event mark you want to
delete and press EVENT DELETE key.
R/B draws a straight line, called Bearing Mark, from own ship posi-
tion mark “ ” toward the trackball mark “ ” and simultaneously
draws a circle called Range Mark with a radius of to . Range
and bearing data of the intersection of the two marks are displayed on
thelower center of the screen.To turn offtherangeand bearing marks,
move the trackball mark near the own ship position mark and press
the R/B key.
OFF-CENTER moves the own ship’s mark to a desired location on
the screen in steps of 1/6 of screen radius. To off center the screen,
placetrackball mark on location to offcenterandpresstheOFF-CEN-
TER key. To reset the off-centered own ship’s mark, press the OFF-
CENTER key again.
AUTOTILTautomaticallytiltsthesoundingbeamupanddownwithin
the tilt angle set on the menu screen.
SECTOR SCAN scans the bearing mark in 2°steps within the area
selected on the menu screen. The echoes along the marker can be
monitored thru the built-in speaker. The lamp at the left of the switch
lights during sector scanning.
These keys provide user-defined sonar setting by one key operation.
These keys have factory settings. See page 22.
EVENT
EVENT
DELETE
R/B
OFF-
CENTER
AUTO
TILT
SECTOR
SCAN
F1 F2

7
Menu Screen
The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs four menu screens; menu-l, menu-2
and system menu. Of the four menus, the menu-2 and system menu
contain preset items which do not require setting alteration if they are
once set at installation. See page 32 for further details. The menu-l
contains items to be set by the operator while using the sonar, taking
the fishing ground and fishing method into account. This menu can
be recalled on the lower part of the screen as “scan menu” during
normal operation. This let you adjust setting while observing the so-
nar picture.
noitacilppAesuotwoH
1-UNEM
metsysroF gnittes
hcaetceles,noitallatsniretfA metsysruoyotgnidroccameti smetitceleS.noitarugifnoc rorecudsnartehtgnisiarretfa .rettimsnartehtffogninrut
2-UNEM
METSYS UNEM
UNEMNACSgnittesresuroF
ybneercsunemehtllaceR ehttsujdadnayekUNEM ranosytilauqtsebehtrofmeti .erutcip
Recalling Scan Menu
Press the MENU key, and 5 lines of the menu items are displayed on
the lower part of the screen. Note that the scan menu can be recalled
only when the transmitter is on.
** SCAN MENU ** ( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R )
HUE : 1234
TX OUTPUT :8
PULSELENGTH : 7
TX CYCLE : 10
TVG NEAR : 6
Changing Setting
To change a setting, select item with the RANGE control and setting
with the GAIN control. The selected item is highlighted in green and
the selected settingis circumscribed inwhite. To scroll themenuitems,
turn the RANGE control counterclockwise.
Note: The gain and range of the sonar picture can not be changed
while the scan menu is displayed.

8
Turning Off Scan Menu
To turn off the scan menu, press the MENU key.
Note: Settings for the items shown in red are locked. To unlock the
settings, call up the system menu. See page 33.
List of Scan Menu Items
HUE : 1234
TX OUTPUT :8
PLUSELENGTH : 7
TX CYCLE : 10
TVG NEAR : 6
TVG FAR : 7
AUTO SCN WDTH : ±10°±20°±40°±60°
AUTO TLT WDTH : ±2°~10°±4°~14°±6°~20°±10°~26°
HOR BEAM ANGL : WIDE NARROW
VER BEAM ANGL : WIDE NARROW
RES COL CURVE : LINER 1 23
COL EMPHASIS : 1 (LOW) 2 34 (HIGH)
FUNC KEY PROG : FUNC1 FUNC2 FACTORY
** SCAN MENU ** ( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R )
Contents of Scan Menu
METIUNEMGNINAEM
EUH otyalpsidehtfosrolocdnuorgerofdnadnuorgkcabehtsegnahC .snoitidnocgnithgilrofetasnepmoc
TUPTUOXT rewopmuminimrofsi"0";spetsnevelenirewoptuptuostsujdA wolaesudna,esulamronrof"01"otteS.mumixam,"01"dna hsifserucsboohcedebaesronoitcelferecafrusaesnehwrewop ehttahtetoN.snoitareporetawwollahsdnaegnartrohsnisloohcs .degnahcsignittesehtretfasdnoces01segnahcrewoptuptuo
HTGNELESLUP ehtrofsi"0";spetsnevelenihtgneleslupnoissimsnartasteS .tsegnoleht"01"dnahtgneltsetrohs
ELCYCXT ehtrofsi"0";spetsnevelenietarnoititepernoissimsnartstceleS .tsetrohsehtrof"01"dnadoireptsegnol
RAENGVT RAFGVT ,segnargnoldnatrohstaytivitisnesreviecerehtlortnoC .ylevitcepser .gnitteslamronehtsi"5"noitisop,m004revO:RAF .gnitteslamronehtsi"5"noitisop,m004nihtiW:RAEN

9
NACSOTUA HTDIW ;htdiwnacsehtsteS ±,01 ±,02 ±ro04 ±ediwaesU.)seergedni(06 ecnotigniworran,aeranacsafohcraeslarenegatcudnocothtdiw .detcetedsiloohcshsifa
HTDIWTLITOTUA ;)seergedni(htdiwtlitcitamotuaehttesotdesusiunemsihT
±-2 ±,01 ±-4 ±,41 ±-6 ±ro,02 ±-01 ±nisrebmunowtehT.62 esuniegnarehtsasegnahchtdiwehttahtswohsgnitteshcae ehtrofenothgirdnaegnartsegnolehtrofrebmuntfel;segnahc .egnartsetrohs
LGNAMAEBROH ediwtceleS.elgnamaeblatnozirohehttcelesotdesusiunemsihT .noitanimircsidgniraebrettebrofworran;esularenegrof
LGNAMAEBREV rofediw;esularenegrofworrantceleS.elgnamaeblacitrevehtsteS ediwehttahtetoN.deepshgihatanwoddnapusmiwshcihwhsif noitcetedhsiftubyllacitrevaeraediwahcraesotswollaelgnamaeb oslaetoN.sdaerpsrewopdettimsnartehtecnisdenetrohssiegnar deyalpsidsiohcemottobeht,retawwollahsanidesunehw,taht .ylediw
EVRUCLOCSER roloCesnopseR( )evruC ehtnI.seohcegnortsdnakaewneewtebecnalabehtstesunemsihT seirav)deyalpsidhtgnertsohce(tuptuo,noitisopRAENIL rehgihatceleS.)htgnertsohcelautca(tupnihtiwyllanoitroporp deyalpsideraseohcekaew:seohcekaewezisahpmerettebotgnittes dradnatsehT.rehgihseogrebmunehtsasrolocohceregnortsni .noitisopRAENILsignittes
SISAHPMEROLOC ;yalpsidrolocehtniderfonoitroporpehttesotdesusiunemsihT deyalpsideraseohcenoitroporpretaerg,rehgihseogrebmunehtsa .derni
GORPYEKCNUF 2Fdna1Frofgnittesdenifed-resuretsigerotdesusiunemsihT .gnittestluafedtesotsiYROTCAF.syek

10
4. BASIC OPERATION
General
This section provides information necessary for basic operation of
the CSH-5 MARK-2, from turning the power on and off to detecting
and tracking fish schools. The basic operating procedure is shown
below.
Basic Operating Procedure
2/7Lower/raise transducer.
Location for
magnetic function
card
4Turn transmitter on.
1/8Turn power ON (OFF).
6Adjust gain.
3Select display range.
OUTPUT 10
PL 10
TVG, (Far, Near) 5, 5
AGC 0
NOISE LIM 3
VP 1
IR OFF
5Set tilt angle.
CONTROL SETTINGS
Turning the Power On/Off
Power On
Press the POWER switch on the main panel. The lamp at the left of
the switch lights.
Note: The Display and the Transceiver are checked for proper op-
eration each time the power is applied. The check is explained
in greater detail in a later chapter.

11
Power Off
Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch on the control box. Wait until
the lamp above the switch lights, and then press the POWER“OFF”
switch. Note that the transducer automatically retracts into the tank
even if the POWER “OFF” switch is pressed without raising the
transducer (by pressing the TRANSDUCER“ ” switch). However,
for safety purposes, it is recommended that you make a habit of press-
ing the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch first to ensure that the trans-
ducer is retracted.
Lowering the Transducer
Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch. The lamp above the switch
flickers, and then lights when the transducer is fully lowered.
CAUTION
CAUTION
Observe maximum allowable ship’s
speed of 18 knots during operation and
16 knots while raising/lowering
transducer.
Selecting a Display Range
The RANGE switch on the control box is used to select a display
range. The range selected is displayed at the top center of the screen.
Setting the Tilt Angle
The tilt angle shows the direction to which the sound wave is emit-
ted. When the sound wave is emitted horizontally, it is said to be zero
(0) degrees and when emitted vertically, 90 degrees. To set a tilt angle,
operate the TILT lever for the desired angle while watching the tilt
angle indication at the top right-hand side of the screen. The tilt angle
can be set in one-degree steps within the range of 0 to 55 degrees.
Finding the proper tilt angle is of utmost importance when searching
for fish. This unit, because of its compact size, is highly suited to
coastal water fishing where the depth of the main fishing ground is
from 50-l00 m. In this type of fishing ground it is imperative that the
seabed echo be always displayed to properly distinguish between fish
and the seabed.When selecting a tilt angle, keep the following points
in mind.

12
Seabed Echo vs Tilt Angle
Case 1: Tilt Angle 30 to 40 degrees
A wide tilt angle will display the entire seabed since it is captured by
the full width of the beam.
Case 2: Tilt Angle 10 to 20 degrees
A narrow tilt angle will display only half the seabed since it is cap-
tured by only the lower half of the beam.
Case 3: Tilt Angle 0 to 10 degrees
An exceptionally narrow tilt angle may or may not capture the sea-
bed since the returning echo is weak.
Example of How to Discriminate Fish Echoes
from the Seabed
The following figure illustrates how two fish schools aand bare
displayed on screen using three different tilt angles.
Case 1: Tilt angle 30 to 40 degrees
Fish school is obscured by the seabed.
Case 2: Tilt angle 10 to 20 degrees
Fish school is located above the seabed (midwater).
Case 3: Tilt angle 0 to 10 degrees
Fish school is located close to the seabed.
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
aaa
b
Fish School aFish School aFish School a
Seabed
Seabed
Seabed
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
b

13
Points to Consider
• As a general rule of thumb, a vertically distributed fish school is a
better sonar target than the seabed, since it reflects the transmitted
pulse back toward to the source.
• In case 3, both fish schools aand bare presented. Generally
speaking, however, midwater fish schools tend to be larger than
bottom fish schools and they are often displayed near the seabed
on the sonar screen.
• Detection of bottom fish is difficult if they are not distributed ver-
tically.
Tilt Angle for Surface Fish
Sound emitted from the sonar transducer forms a circle-shaped beam
with a width of approximately 13 degrees in the vertical direction
(vertical beam width). The tilt angle is indicated by the angle be-
tween the center line of the beam and the horizontal plane. Then, if
the tilt angle is set to 0 degrees, the center line is parallel with the sea
surface and one half of the emitted sound goes upward toward the sea
surface.
This causes a half of the emitted sound to be reflected back toward
the transducer and displayed on the screen as sea surface reflections.
When the sea is calm, since the sound is reflected just like a light
hitting a mirror at a narrow incident angle, it propagates away and the
sea surface reflections become negligible.
However if the sea is not calm enough, they will become dominant
and will interfere with observation of wanted echoes. To minimize
these sea surface reflections and to search surface fish schools effec-
tively, the tilt angle is usually set to 5-6 degrees so that the upper
portion of the beam becomes almost parallel with the sea surface.
When the sea is rough, it is often set to a little larger angle.
TILT 0°13°TILT 7°13°
SEA SURFACE SEA SURFACE
Suitable Tilt Angle
The figure on the next page illustrates the relationship among tilt
angle, depth and detection range. Refer to it to find out the suitable
tilt angle for a given depth/detection range.

14
TILT ANGLE Tilt angle vs. Beam Coverage
20 (40) 40 (80)
60 (120) 80 (160)
100 (200)
200 (400)
Depth
m
100 (200) 200 (400) 300 (600) 400 (800)
Range m
0°
5°
10° 15°
13°23m
100m
46m
200m
68m
300m
Vertical Width of Sonar Beam