GE 845 User manual

Instruction manual
Product version: GEK-
GE publication code: 1601-0651-A5 (GEK-119651D)
*1601-0450-A5*
845
Transformer Protection System
Transformer Protection, Control and Management
GE
Grid Soutions

© 2017 GE Multilin Incorporated. All rights reserved.
GE Multilin 845 Transformer Protection System instruction manual for revision 2.0x.
845 Transformer Protection System, EnerVista, EnerVista Launchpad, and EnerVista 8
Series Setup software are registered trademarks of GE Multilin Inc.
The contents of this manual are the property of GE Multilin Inc. This documentation is
furnished on license and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the permission
of GE Multilin. The content of this manual is for informational use only and is subject to
change without notice.
Part number: 1601-0651-A5 (July 2017)
Note May contain components with FCC ID: XF6-RS9110N1122
and IC ID: 8407A-RS9110N1122.

845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL I
Table of Contents
1.INTRODUCTION Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 1 - 1
Description of the 845 Transformer Protection Relay.................................................... 1 - 2
Security Overview............................................................................................................................ 1 - 7
845 Order Codes............................................................................................................................... 1 - 8
Specifications...................................................................................................................................1 - 10
Device .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 10
Protection................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 10
Control......................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 17
Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 1 - 18
Recording................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 19
User-Programmable Elements ........................................................................................................ 1 - 20
Metering...................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 21
Inputs ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 23
Outputs........................................................................................................................................................ 1 - 25
Power Supply ........................................................................................................................................... 1 - 26
Communications .................................................................................................................................... 1 - 27
Testing & Certification.......................................................................................................................... 1 - 28
Physical....................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 29
Environmental.......................................................................................................................................... 1 - 29
Cautions and Warnings ..............................................................................................................1 - 30
Safety words and definitions............................................................................................................ 1 - 30
General Cautions and Warnings..................................................................................................... 1 - 30
Must-read Information................................................................................................................1 - 33
Storage........................................................................................................................................................ 1 - 34
For Further Assistance.................................................................................................................1 - 34
Repairs......................................................................................................................................................... 1 - 34
2.INSTALLATION Mechanical Installation................................................................................................................. 2 - 1
Product Identification..............................................................................................................................2 - 1
Dimensions...................................................................................................................................................2 - 2
Mounting .......................................................................................................................................................2 - 3
Standard Panel Mount.............................................................................................................................2 - 4
Depth Reducing Collar.............................................................................................................................2 - 5
Draw-out Unit Withdrawal and Insertion ......................................................................................2 - 7
Removable Power Supply .....................................................................................................................2 - 8
Removable Magnetic Module..............................................................................................................2 - 9
Arc Flash Sensor ..................................................................................................................................... 2 - 10
Sensor Fiber Handling & Storage ....................................................................................................2 - 10
Sensor Installation..................................................................................................................................2 - 10
Electrical Installation ....................................................................................................................2 - 11
Typical Wiring Diagrams .................................................................................................................... 2 - 11
Terminal Identification......................................................................................................................... 2 - 16
Wire Size......................................................................................................................................................2 - 20
Phase Sequence and Transformer Polarity............................................................................... 2 - 21
Ground CT Inputs.................................................................................................................................... 2 - 21
Voltage Inputs.......................................................................................................................................... 2 - 22
Restricted Earth Fault Inputs ............................................................................................................ 2 - 22
Zero-Sequence CT Installation......................................................................................................... 2 - 23
Control Power........................................................................................................................................... 2 - 24
Contact Inputs ......................................................................................................................................... 2 - 24
Output Relays .......................................................................................................................................... 2 - 25

II 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Serial Communications ........................................................................................................................2 - 27
IRIG-B............................................................................................................................................................2 - 29
3.INTERFACES Front Control Panel Interface......................................................................................................3 - 2
845 Graphical Display Pages .............................................................................................................. 3 - 2
Working with Graphical Display Pages .......................................................................................... 3 - 3
Single Line Diagram................................................................................................................................. 3 - 6
Rugged and Membrane Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................... 3 - 8
Home Screen Icons................................................................................................................................3 - 10
Relay Messages.......................................................................................................................................3 - 11
Target Messages.....................................................................................................................................3 - 11
Self-Test Errors.........................................................................................................................................3 - 12
Out of Service............................................................................................................................................3 - 15
Flash Messages........................................................................................................................................3 - 15
Label Removal..........................................................................................................................................3 - 15
Software Interface ........................................................................................................................3 - 17
EnerVista 8 Series Setup Software..................................................................................................3 - 17
Hardware & Software Requirements ............................................................................................3 - 17
Installing the EnerVista 8 Series Setup Software.....................................................................3 - 18
Upgrading the Software ......................................................................................................................3 - 20
Connecting EnerVista 8 Series Setup software to the Relay..............................................3 - 21
Using the Quick Connect Feature ...................................................................................................3 - 21
Configuring Ethernet Communications........................................................................................3 - 22
Connecting to the Relay......................................................................................................................3 - 23
Working with Setpoints & Setpoints Files ....................................................................................3 - 24
Engaging a Device..................................................................................................................................3 - 25
Entering Setpoints ..................................................................................................................................3 - 25
File Support................................................................................................................................................3 - 26
Using Setpoints Files..............................................................................................................................3 - 26
Downloading & Saving Setpoints Files..........................................................................................3 - 27
Adding Setpoints Files to the Environment.................................................................................3 - 27
Creating a New Setpoints File...........................................................................................................3 - 28
Upgrading Setpoints Files to a New Revision............................................................................3 - 29
Printing Setpoints....................................................................................................................................3 - 30
Printing Values from a Connected Device...................................................................................3 - 31
Loading Setpoints from a File ...........................................................................................................3 - 31
Uninstalling Files and Clearing Data..............................................................................................3 - 32
Quick Setup................................................................................................................................................3 - 32
Upgrading Relay Firmware................................................................................................................3 - 34
Loading New Relay Firmware...........................................................................................................3 - 35
Advanced EnerVista 8 Series Setup Software Features .......................................................3 - 38
SLD Configurator.....................................................................................................................................3 - 38
FlexCurve Editor.......................................................................................................................................3 - 45
Transient Recorder (Waveform Capture).....................................................................................3 - 46
Protection Summary.............................................................................................................................3 - 50
Offline Settings File Conversion........................................................................................................3 - 51
Convert SR 745 Files..............................................................................................................................3 - 51
Conversion Summary Report............................................................................................................3 - 53
Results Window .......................................................................................................................................3 - 53
4.SETPOINTS Setpoints Main Menu ......................................................................................................................4 - 1
Protection and Trip Breaker Selection............................................................................................. 4 - 2
Setpoints Entry Methods ....................................................................................................................... 4 - 7
Common Setpoints................................................................................................................................... 4 - 7
Logic Diagrams.......................................................................................................................................... 4 - 9
Setpoints Text Abbreviations.............................................................................................................4 - 10

845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL III
Device..................................................................................................................................................4 - 11
Custom Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 4 - 11
Real-time Clock ....................................................................................................................................... 4 - 13
Clock..............................................................................................................................................................4 - 14
PTP Configuration...................................................................................................................................4 - 15
SNTP Protocol ...........................................................................................................................................4 - 16
Security ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 17
Basic Security...........................................................................................................................................4 - 18
CyberSentry ..............................................................................................................................................4 - 20
Communications .................................................................................................................................... 4 - 26
RS485............................................................................................................................................................4 - 26
WiFi................................................................................................................................................................4 - 27
USB ................................................................................................................................................................4 - 30
Ethernet Ports...........................................................................................................................................4 - 30
Modbus Protocol .....................................................................................................................................4 - 32
Routing.........................................................................................................................................................4 - 36
DNP Protocol.............................................................................................................................................4 - 38
DNP / IEC104 Point Lists ......................................................................................................................4 - 41
IEC 60870-5-104 .....................................................................................................................................4 - 43
IEC 60870-5-103 .....................................................................................................................................4 - 45
IEC 61850....................................................................................................................................................4 - 45
Remote Modbus Device.......................................................................................................................4 - 47
Transient Recorder ................................................................................................................................ 4 - 48
Data Logger .............................................................................................................................................. 4 - 50
Fault Reports ............................................................................................................................................ 4 - 53
Event Data ................................................................................................................................................. 4 - 54
Flex States.................................................................................................................................................. 4 - 54
Front Panel ................................................................................................................................................ 4 - 54
Programmable LEDs..............................................................................................................................4 - 55
Programmable Pushbuttons .............................................................................................................4 - 56
Tab Pushbuttons .....................................................................................................................................4 - 60
Annunciator...............................................................................................................................................4 - 63
Display Properties ..................................................................................................................................4 - 65
Default Screens........................................................................................................................................4 - 66
Home Screens..........................................................................................................................................4 - 67
Resetting..................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 68
Installation................................................................................................................................................. 4 - 68
System ................................................................................................................................................4 - 70
Current Sensing....................................................................................................................................... 4 - 71
Voltage Sensing ...................................................................................................................................... 4 - 71
Traditional VT............................................................................................................................................4 - 71
Power Sensing ......................................................................................................................................... 4 - 73
Power System .......................................................................................................................................... 4 - 73
Transformer .............................................................................................................................................. 4 - 74
Transformer Setup .................................................................................................................................4 - 75
Xfmer Status Detection..................................................................................................................... 4 - 100
Thermal Inputs...................................................................................................................................... 4 - 103
On-load Tap Changer ....................................................................................................................... 4 - 104
Breakers....................................................................................................................................................4 - 110
Switches....................................................................................................................................................4 - 112
FlexCurves ...............................................................................................................................................4 - 115
Inputs................................................................................................................................................4 - 117
Contact Inputs .......................................................................................................................................4 - 117
Virtual Inputs ..........................................................................................................................................4 - 120
Remote Inputs........................................................................................................................................4 - 122
Analog Inputs .........................................................................................................................................4 - 122
Outputs ............................................................................................................................................4 - 127

IV 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Output Relays........................................................................................................................................4 - 127
Auxiliary Relay selected for breaker Trip..................................................................................4 - 130
Aux Relay selected for breaker Close.........................................................................................4 - 132
Auxiliary Output Relays ....................................................................................................................4 - 134
Critical Failure Relay #8....................................................................................................................4 - 135
Virtual Outputs ......................................................................................................................................4 - 136
Analog Outputs.....................................................................................................................................4 - 136
Protection....................................................................................................................................... 4 - 138
Percent Differential .............................................................................................................................4 - 140
Transformer Overload .......................................................................................................................4 - 151
Current Elements .................................................................................................................................4 - 153
Inverse Time Overcurrent Curves.................................................................................................4- 153
Percent of Load-To-Trip....................................................................................................................4 - 160
Phase Time Overcurrent Protection (51P).................................................................................4 - 161
Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50P) ............................................................4 - 164
Phase Directional Overcurrent Protection (67P)....................................................................4 - 166
Neutral Time Overcurrent Protection (51N).............................................................................4 - 169
Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50N).........................................................4 - 172
Neutral Directional Overcurrent Protection (67N) ................................................................4 - 175
Ground Time Overcurrent Protection (51G).............................................................................4 - 180
Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50G).........................................................4 - 182
Ground Directional Overcurrent Protection (67G) ................................................................4 - 184
Restricted Ground (Earth) Fault (87G) .........................................................................................4 - 188
Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Protection (51_2)..................................................4 - 193
Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50_2)..............................4 - 195
Voltage Elements .................................................................................................................................4 - 198
Undervoltage Curves .........................................................................................................................4 - 199
Phase Undervoltage Protection (27P).........................................................................................4 - 200
Auxiliary Undervoltage (27X) ..........................................................................................................4 - 203
Phase Overvoltage Protection (59P)............................................................................................4 - 206
Auxiliary Overvoltage Protection (59X) ......................................................................................4 - 209
Neutral Overvoltage Protection (59N) ........................................................................................4 - 212
Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection (59_2).............................................................4 - 215
Volts per Hertz (24) ..............................................................................................................................4 - 217
Power Elements....................................................................................................................................4 - 223
Directional Power (32)........................................................................................................................4 - 223
Frequency Elements...........................................................................................................................4 - 229
Underfrequency (81U) .......................................................................................................................4 - 229
Overfrequency (81O) ..........................................................................................................................4 - 232
Frequency Rate of Change (81R)..................................................................................................4-235
Monitoring...................................................................................................................................... 4 - 239
Transformer............................................................................................................................................4 - 239
Harmonic Derating..............................................................................................................................4 - 239
Thermal Elements................................................................................................................................4 - 242
Tap Changer Failure ...........................................................................................................................4 - 250
Trip and Close Circuit Monitoring .................................................................................................4 - 252
Breaker Arcing Current......................................................................................................................4 - 259
Breaker Health ......................................................................................................................................4 - 262
Functions .................................................................................................................................................4 - 266
Power Factor (55) .................................................................................................................................4 - 266
Demand....................................................................................................................................................4 - 272
Pulsed Outputs......................................................................................................................................4 - 281
Digital Counters ....................................................................................................................................4 - 284
Harmonic Detection ...........................................................................................................................4 - 287
RTD Temperature.................................................................................................................................4 - 290
RTD Trouble.............................................................................................................................................4 - 295
Loss of Communications..................................................................................................................4 - 296

845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL V
Control..............................................................................................................................................4 - 298
Setpoint Group.......................................................................................................................................4 - 298
Local Control Mode (breakers and switches) ..........................................................................4 - 301
Breaker Control .....................................................................................................................................4 - 310
Switch Control (9)..................................................................................................................................4 - 313
Virtual Input Control............................................................................................................................4 - 316
Trip Bus......................................................................................................................................................4 - 317
Breaker Failure (50BF) ........................................................................................................................4 - 319
Setup.......................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 320
Initiate ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 322
Arc Flash Protection ............................................................................................................................4 - 324
Synchrocheck (25)................................................................................................................................4 - 326
VT Fuse Failure (VTFF) .........................................................................................................................4 - 331
FlexLogic .........................................................................................................................................4 - 333
Timers ........................................................................................................................................................4 - 343
Non-volatile Latches...........................................................................................................................4 - 343
FlexLogic Equation...............................................................................................................................4 - 345
Viewing FlexLogic Graphics ............................................................................................................ 4 - 347
FlexElements...........................................................................................................................................4 - 348
Testing..............................................................................................................................................4 - 354
Simulation................................................................................................................................................4 - 355
Setup.......................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 355
Pre-Fault................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 356
Fault ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 - 357
Post-Fault ................................................................................................................................................ 4 - 357
Test LEDs ..................................................................................................................................................4 - 358
Contact Inputs .......................................................................................................................................4 - 358
Output Relays ........................................................................................................................................4 - 358
Ethernet Loopback Test.....................................................................................................................4 - 359
5.STATUS Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 5 - 2
Configurable SLD.......................................................................................................................................5 - 2
Annunciator .................................................................................................................................................5 - 3
Tab Pushbuttons........................................................................................................................................5 - 3
Breakers ............................................................................................................................................... 5 - 4
Switches ............................................................................................................................................... 5 - 5
Last Trip Data..................................................................................................................................... 5 - 5
Arc Flash............................................................................................................................................... 5 - 5
Contact Inputs................................................................................................................................... 5 - 6
Output Relays.................................................................................................................................... 5 - 6
Virtual Inputs...................................................................................................................................... 5 - 7
Virtual Outputs .................................................................................................................................. 5 - 8
Flex State ............................................................................................................................................. 5 - 8
Communications.............................................................................................................................. 5 - 8
GOOSE Rx and Tx.......................................................................................................................................5 - 8
Information .......................................................................................................................................5 - 13
Main CPU.................................................................................................................................................... 5 - 13
Comms CPU .............................................................................................................................................. 5 - 13
Hardware Versions................................................................................................................................ 5 - 14
Environment ............................................................................................................................................. 5 - 14
Device Status ...................................................................................................................................5 - 15
Clock.....................................................................................................................................................5 - 16
PTP Status..........................................................................................................................................5 - 16

VI 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
6.METERING Summary..............................................................................................................................................6 - 4
Transformer.........................................................................................................................................6 - 5
Percent Differential Current................................................................................................................. 6 - 5
Windings ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 - 6
Thermal Elements..................................................................................................................................... 6 - 7
Tap Changer................................................................................................................................................ 6 - 7
Currents.................................................................................................................................................6 - 8
Voltages .............................................................................................................................................6 - 10
Frequency.........................................................................................................................................6 - 11
Volts Per Hertz.................................................................................................................................6 - 12
Harmonic Magnitude...................................................................................................................6 - 12
Harmonics 1(Harmonics 4)........................................................................................................6-13
Harmonic Detection .....................................................................................................................6 - 14
Synchrocheck..................................................................................................................................6 - 14
Power...................................................................................................................................................6 - 15
Energy.................................................................................................................................................6 - 16
Power Factor....................................................................................................................................6 - 17
Current Demand 1.........................................................................................................................6 - 17
Current Demand K1......................................................................................................................6 - 18
Current Demand K2......................................................................................................................6 - 18
Directional Power ..........................................................................................................................6 - 19
Arc Flash ............................................................................................................................................6 - 19
RTDs .....................................................................................................................................................6 - 20
RTD Maximums...............................................................................................................................6 - 20
Analog Inputs...................................................................................................................................6 - 20
FlexElements....................................................................................................................................6 - 21
7.RECORDS Events.....................................................................................................................................................7 - 1
Transient Records.............................................................................................................................7 - 1
Fault Reports.......................................................................................................................................7 - 2
Data Logger.........................................................................................................................................7 - 2
Breakers................................................................................................................................................7 - 3
Breaker Arcing Current........................................................................................................................... 7 - 3
Breaker Health ........................................................................................................................................... 7 - 3
Digital Counters.................................................................................................................................7 - 3
Remote Modbus Device.................................................................................................................7 - 4
Clear Records .....................................................................................................................................7 - 6
8.TRANSFORMER
M&D
DGA Monitoring .................................................................................................................................8 - 2
Device Data.........................................................................................................................................8 - 3
Dissolved Gas Analysis ..................................................................................................................8 - 3
Learned Data Records....................................................................................................................8 - 4
Energization Records......................................................................................................................8 - 5
Digital Fault Records .......................................................................................................................8 - 6
Models....................................................................................................................................................8 - 6
Transformer Models................................................................................................................................. 8 - 6
DGA Models ................................................................................................................................................. 8 - 7
Historical Maximum Record ........................................................................................................8 - 8
Transformer Health Report..........................................................................................................8 - 8
DGA Historical Trend.......................................................................................................................8 - 9

845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL VII
9.MAINTENANCE Environmental Health Report.....................................................................................................9-1
General Maintenance..................................................................................................................... 9 - 3
In-service Maintenance..........................................................................................................................9 - 3
Out-of-service Maintenance................................................................................................................9 - 3
Unscheduled Maintenance (System Interruption) .....................................................................9 - 3
A.APPENDIX A Warranty.............................................................................................................................................. A - 1
Revision history................................................................................................................................. A - 1
Major Updates ............................................................................................................................................A - 2

VIII 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL

845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1–1
845 Transformer Protection System
Chapter 1: Introduction
GE
Grid Solutions
Introduction
The Multilin 845 relay is a microprocessor-based unit intended for the management and
primary protection of the medium to large size medium voltage (MV) and high voltage (HV)
power transformers. Both 2-winding and 3-winding transformers are supported. The 845
relay provides a number of primary and backup current and voltage based protection
functions. This system allows for control of the circuit breakers at each winding plus a
number of monitoring and control functions are also provided.
Overview
Each relay provides protection, control, and monitoring functions with both local and
remote human interfaces. They also display the present trip/alarm conditions, and most of
the more than 35 measured system parameters. Recording of past trip, alarm or control
events, maximum demand levels, and energy consumption is also performed.
These relays contain many innovative features. To meet diverse utility standards and
industry requirements, these features have the flexibility to be programmed to meet
specific user needs. This flexibility will naturally make a piece of equipment difficult to
learn. To aid new users in getting basic protection operating quickly, setpoints are set to
typical default values and advanced features are disabled. These settings can be
reprogrammed at any time.
Programming can be accomplished with the front panel keys and display. Due to the
numerous settings, this manual method can be somewhat laborious. To simplify
programming and provide a more intuitive interface, setpoints can be entered with a PC
running the EnerVista 8 Setup software provided with the relay. Even with minimal
computer knowledge, this menu-driven software provides easy access to all front panel
functions. Actual values and setpoints can be displayed, altered, stored, and printed. If
settings are stored in a setpoint file, they can be downloaded at any time to the front panel
program port of the relay via a computer cable connected to the USB port of any personal
computer.
A summary of the available functions and a single-line diagram of protection and control
features is shown below. For a complete understanding of each feature operation, refer to
Chapter 4: Setpoints. The logic diagrams include a reference to every setpoint related to a
feature and show all logic signals passed between individual features. Information related
to the selection of settings for each setpoint is also provided.

1–2 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION RELAY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Description of the 845 Transformer Protection Relay
CPU
Relay functions are controlled by two processors: a Freescale MPC5125 32-bit
microprocessor that measures all analog signals and digital inputs and controls all output
relays, and a Freescale MPC8358 32-bit microprocessor that controls all the advanced
Ethernet communication protocols.
Analog Input and Waveform Capture
Magnetic transformers are used to scale-down the incoming analog signals from the
source instrument transformers. The analog signals are then passed through a 11.5 kHz
low pass analog anti-aliasing filter. All signals are then simultaneously captured by sample
and hold buffers to ensure there are no phase shifts. The signals are converted to digital
values by a 16-bit A/D converter before finally being passed on to the CPU for analysis.
The 'raw' samples are scaled in software, then placed into the waveform capture buffer,
thus emulating a fault recorder. The waveforms can be retrieved from the relay via the
EnerVista 8 Series Setup software for display and diagnostics.
Frequency
Frequency measurement is accomplished by measuring the time between zero crossings
of the composite signal of three-phase bus voltages, line voltage or three-phase currents.
The signals are passed through a low pass filter to prevent false zero crossings. Frequency
tracking utilizes the measured frequency to set the sampling rate for current and voltage
which results in better accuracy for the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) algorithm for off-
nominal frequencies.
The main frequency tracking source uses three-phase bus voltages. The frequency
tracking is switched automatically by an algorithm to the alternative reference source, i.e.,
three-phase currents signal or line voltage for the configuration of tie-breaker, if the
frequency detected from the three-phase voltage inputs is declared invalid. The switching
will not be performed if the frequency from the alternative reference signal is detected
invalid. Upon detecting valid frequency on the main source, the tracking will be switched
back to the main source. If a stable frequency signal is not available from all sources, then
the tracking frequency defaults to the nominal system frequency.
Phasors, Transients, and Harmonics
All waveforms are processed eight times every cycle with a DC decaying removal filter and
a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The resulting phasors have fault current transients and
all harmonics removed. This results in an overcurrent relay that is extremely secure and
reliable and one that will not overreach.
Processing of AC Current Inputs
The DC Decaying Removal Filter is a short window digital filter, which removes the DC
decaying component from the asymmetrical current present at the moment a fault
occurs. This is done for all current signals used for overcurrent protection; voltage signals
use the same DC Decaying Removal Filter. This filter ensures no overreach of the
overcurrent protection.
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) uses exactly one cycle of samples to calculate a
phasor quantity which represents the signal at the fundamental frequency; all harmonic
components are removed. All subsequent calculations (e.g. power, etc.) are based upon the
current and voltage phasors, such that the resulting values have no harmonic
components. RMS (root mean square) values are calculated from one cycle of samples
prior to filtering.
Protection Elements
All voltage, current and frequency protection elements are processed eight times every
cycle to determine if a pickup has occurred or a timer has expired. The voltage and current
protection elements use RMS current/voltage, or the magnitude of the phasor.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION RELAY
845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1–3
Figure 1-1: Single Line Diagram
894014A3.CDR
Winding 3
Amps Amps
50/87
87T
Block
33
Calculate
Restraint
Amps
Calculate
Operate
Amps
Metering
Transient Recorder
Event Recorder
Fault Report
Data Logger
Calculate
2nd and 5th
Harmonics
Harmonic
Restraint
59N 24
Winding 1
Harmonics
Amps Amps
51N-1
50N-1
51N-2
50N-2
Calculate
3I_0
Calculate
3I_0
Amps
50P-2
51P-2
50P-1
55
51P-1
50BF-1
50G-1
51G-1
87G-1
50G-2
51G-2
87G-2
81R81U 81O
RTD input
67P
67N
3V_0
Amps
Harmonics
50BF-2
AFP
59P 27P 27X
845
Тransformer Protection System
67G-1 67G-2
59X
Winding 2
3
33
T.C.
Tap
Position
OLTC
Failure
3VTs
49
Harmonics
Amps
50P-3
51P-3
50BF-3
VTFF
32
59_2 25
51_2
50_2
LIGHT

1–4 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION RELAY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Table 1-1: ANSI Device Numbers and Functions
Table 1-2: Other Device Functions
ANSI Device Description
24 Volts per Hertz
25 Synchrocheck
27P Phase Undervoltage
27X Auxiliary Undervoltage
32 Directional Power
49 Hottest Spot Temperature
Aging Factor
Loss of Life
50/87 Instantaneous Differential Overcurrent
50BF Breaker Failure
50G Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent
50N Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent
50P Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent
50_2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent
51G Ground Time Overcurrent
51N Neutral Time Overcurrent
51P Phase Time Overcurrent
51_2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent
55 Power Factor
59N Neutral Overvoltage
59P Phase Overvoltage
59X Auxiliary Overvoltage
59_2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage
67G Ground Directional Element
67N Neutral Directional Element
67P Phase Directional Element
81O Overfrequency
81U Underfrequency
81R Frequency Rate of Change
87G Restricted Ground Fault (RGF)
87T Transformer Differential
AFP Arc Flash Protection
VTFF Voltage Transformer Fuse Failure
Description
Analog Input
Analog Output
Breaker Arcing Current (I2t)
Breaker Control
Breaker Health
Data Logger
Demand
Digital Counters
Event Recorder
Fault Report

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION RELAY
845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1–5
Flexelements
FlexLogic Equations
Flexstates
IEC 61850 Communications
Metering: current, voltage, power, PF, energy, frequency, harmonics, THD
Modbus User Map
Non-volatile Latches
OPC-UA Communications
Output Relays
Setpoint Groups (6)
Transformer Dissolved Gas Analysis
Transformer Energization Reports
Transformer Integrated Fault Report
Transformer Overload
Transformer Loss of Life
Trip Bus (6)
Transient Recorder (Oscillography)
Trip and Close Coil Monitoring
User-programmable LEDs
User-programmable Pushbuttons
Virtual Inputs (32)
Virtual Outputs (32)
Description

1–6 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION RELAY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Figure 1-2: Main Menu Hierarchy
Setpoints
Device
System
Inputs
Outputs
Protection
Monitoring
Control
FlexLogic
Status
Switches
Contact Inputs
Metering
Summary
Currents
Voltages
Frequency
Harmonics
Power
Energy
Current Demand
Records
Events
Fault Reports
Breakers
Remote Modbus Device
Targets
Directional Power
Data Logger
Volts per Hertz
Digital Counters
RTDs
RTD Maximums
FlexElements
Arc Flash
Syncrocheck
Testing
Output Relays
Virtual Inputs
Information
Device Status
Clock
Arc Flash
Virtual Outputs
Communications
PTP Status
Flex States
Last Trip Data
Breakers
Summary
Transformer
Harmonic Magnitude
Transients
Clear Records
Power Factor
Analog Inputs

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION SECURITY OVERVIEW
845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1–7
Security Overview
The following security features are available:
BASIC SECURITY
The basic security feature is present in the default offering of the 845 relay. The
845 introduces the notion of roles for different levels of authority. Roles are used as login
names with associated passwords stored on the device. The following roles are available
at present: Administrator, Operator, Factory and Observer, with a fixed permission
structure for each one. Note that the Factory role is not available for users, but strictly
used in the manufacturing process.
The 845 can still use the Setpoint access switch feature, but enabling the feature can be
done only by an Administrator. Setpoint access is controlled by a keyed switch to offer
some minimal notion of security.
CYBERSENTRY
The CyberSentry Embedded Security feature is a software option that provides advanced
security services. When the software option is purchased, the Basic Security is
automatically disabled.
CyberSentry provides security through the following features:
• An Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA) Remote Authentication Dial-In
User Service (RADIUS) client that is centrally managed, enables user attribution, and
uses secure standards based strong cryptography for authentication and credential
protection.
• A Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) system that provides a permission model that
allows access to 845 device operations and configurations based on specific roles
and individual user accounts configured on the AAA server. At present the defined
roles are: Administrator, Operator and Observer.
• Strong encryption of all access and configuration network messages between the
EnerVista software and 845 devices using the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, the
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and 128-bit keys in Galois Counter Mode (GCM)
as specified in the U.S. National Security Agency Suite B extension for SSH and
approved by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) FIPS-140-2
standards for cryptographic systems.
• Security event reporting through the Syslog protocol for supporting Security
Information Event Management (SIEM) systems for centralized cyber security
monitoring.
There are two types of authentication supported by CyberSentry that can be used to
access the 845 device:
• Device Authentication – in which case the authentication is performed on the
845 device itself, using the predefined roles as users (No RADIUS involvement).
– 845 authentication using local roles may be done either from the front panel or
through EnerVista.
• Server Authentication - in which case the authentication is done on a RADIUS server,
using individual user accounts defined on the server. When the user accounts are
created, they are assigned to one of the predefined roles recognized by the 845
– 845 authentication using RADIUS server may be done only through EnerVista.
FASTPATH: WiFi and USB do not currently support CyberSentry security. For this reason WiFi is
disabled by default if the CyberSentry option is purchased. The user can enable WiFi, but
be aware that doing so violates the security and compliance model that CyberSentry is
supposed to provide.

1–8 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
845 ORDER CODES CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
When both 845 device and server authentication are enabled, the 845 automatically
directs authentication requests to the 845 device or the respective RADIUS server, based
on user names. If the user ID credential does not match one of the device local accounts,
the 845 automatically forwards the request to a RADIUS server when one is provided. If a
RADIUS server is provided, but is unreachable over the network, server authentication
requests are denied. In this situation, use local 845 device accounts to gain access to the
845 system.
USER ROLES
User Access Levels are used to grant varying permissions to specific user roles. User roles
are used by both Basic Security and CyberSentry.
The following user roles are supported:
•Administrator: The Administrator role has complete read and write access to all
settings and commands. The role does not allow concurrent access. The Administrator
role also has an operand to indicate when it is logged on.
•Operator: The Operator role is present to facilitate operational actions that may be
programmed and assigned to buttons on the front panel. The Operator has read/write
access to all settings under the command menu/section. The Operator can view
settings from EnerVista or the front panel but does not have the ability to change any
settings. This role is not a concurrent role.
•Observer: The Observer role has read-only access to all 845 settings. This role allows
concurrent access. The Observer is the default role if no authentication has been done
to the device. This role can download settings files and records from the device.
•Factory: This is an internal non-user accessible role used for manufacturing
diagnostics. The ability to enable or disable this role is a security setting that the
Administrator controls.
GENERAL RULES FOR USER ROLES WITH CYBERSENTRY
1. The only concurrent role is Observer. If the user is logged in through serial, front panel,
or over the network, that counts as the role being logged in for concurrency reasons.
2. Both EnerVista and the front panel provide a one-step logoff. For the front panel, the
root menu has a logoff command. From EnerVista right-clicking on a device and
providing a logoff function from the context menu is sufficient.
3. The EnerVista Login Screen has “User Name:” and “Password:” fields for the default
remote (Radius) authentication, but when a “Local Authentication” checkbox is
selected the “User Name:” field changes to a drop down menu where the user can
select one of the predefined roles on the 845.
845 Order Codes
NOTE
NOTE: Support of some of the features described in the "Setpoints" section are order code
dependent. Each 8 Series unit is ordered with a number of required and optional modules.
Each of these modules can be supplied in a number of configurations specified at the time
of ordering.
NOTE
NOTE: Refer to https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/catalog/845.htm for available order
code combinations.
The information to specify an 845 relay is provided in the following Order Code figure:

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 845 ORDER CODES
845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1–9
Figure 1-3: 845 Order Codes
845  E ** ** ** * * * A * * * * * * * * * * * * N
Interface 845 | | | | | |||||||||||||||| 845 Transformer Protection System
Application E | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Standard
Phase Currents ³
Slot J Bank 1/2
NN||||||||||||||||||| Two windings, no voltage
P1||||||||||||||||||| 1A three-phase current inputs (J1) with voltage (J2)
P5||||||||||||||||||| 5A three-phase current inputs (J1) with voltage (J2)
Phase Currents ³
Slot K Bank 1/2
M1|||||||||||||||||| 1A three-phase inputs (K1), 1A three-phase inputs (K2)
M5|||||||||||||||||| 5A three-phase inputs (K1), 5A three-phase inputs (K2)
MX|||||||||||||||||| 5A three-phase inputs (K1), 1A three-phase inputs (K2)
H1|||||||||||||||||| 1A three-phase inputs (K1) - two windings with voltage
H5|||||||||||||||||| 5A three-phase inputs (K1) - two windings with voltage
R1|||||||||||||||||| 1A three-phase inputs (K1), 1A three-phase inputs (K2) - three windings
with voltage
R5|||||||||||||||||| 5A three-phase inputs (K1), 5A three-phase inputs (K2) - three windings
with voltage
Ground Currents G1 | |||||||||||||||| 1A ground inputs
G5||||||||||||||||| 5A ground inputs
Q1||||||||||||||||| 5A, 1A - (NN+MX) or (P5+H1) - In line with Phase Current
Q2||||||||||||||||| 5A (J1) + 1A (K1) + 1A (K2)
Q3||||||||||||||||| 1A (J1) + 5A (K1) + 5A (K2)
Power Supply L | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 24 to 48 V DC
H|||||||||||||||| 110 to 250 V DC/110 to 230 V AC
Slot B - LV I/O N||||||||||||||| None
R||||||||||||||| 6 X RTDS (Pt100, Ni100, Ni120)
S||||||||||||||| 6 X RTDS (Pt100, Ni100, Ni120, Cu10)
Slot C- LV I/O
N|||||||||||||| None
R|||||||||||||| 6 X RTDS (Pt100, Ni100, Ni120)
S|||||||||||||| 6 X RTDS (Pt100, Ni100, Ni120, Cu10)
Slot F - HV I/O A ||||||||||||| 2 Form A (Vmon), 3 Form C, 7 Digital Inputs (Low/High Voltage, Int/Ext
Supply)
Slot G - HV I/O
N|||||||||||| None
A|
|| || || || || || || || || || || |2 Form A (Vmon), 3 Form C, 7 Digital Inputs (Low/High Voltage, Int/Ext Supply)
L|||||||||||| 7 DcmA O/P + 4 DcmA I/P + 1 RTD
Slot H - HV I/O N||||||||||| None (High Voltage I/O)
F||||||||||| 10 Digital Inputs + 4 Arc Flash Inputs
A|
|| || || || || || || || || || |2 Form A (Vmon), 3 Form C, 7 Digital Inputs (Low/High voltage, Int/Ext supply)
Faceplate M | | | | | | | | | | Basic = Membrane Keypad
G|||||||||| Standard = Rugged Keypad
Current Protection S||||||||| Basic: 87T, 50/87, 50P, 50N, 50G, 51P, 51N, 51G, Transformer Overload
M||||||||| Standard: Basic + 50_2, 51_2, RGF
A||||||||| Advanced: Standard + 67P, 67G, 67N (requires voltage selection)
Voltage Monitoring and Protection N | | | | | | | | None
S|||||||| Standard Protection: 27P, 27X, 59P, 59N, 59X, 81O/U
P|||||||| Advanced Protection: Standard Protection + 24, 25, 32, 55, 59_2, 81R
Control B ||||||| Basic: Setpoint Group Control, Virtual Inputs, Trip Bus, Breaker Control
F||||||| Standard: Basic + FlexLogic, 50BF, VTFF
T|
|| || || || || || |Advanced HMI = Standard + Tab PBs, Annunciator Panel, Configurable SLDs with Bay Control
Monitoring B |
|| || || || || |Basic: Breakers Coil Monitoring, Breaker Arcing, Harmonics, THD, Demand, Trip Counters, Harmonic Derating Factor
C|
|| || || || || |Standard: Basic + Breaker Health, Health Report, Thermal Elements, Tap Changer, Learned Data, Energization and Historical Max Record
A|||||| Advanced = Standard + Harmonic Detection
M | | | | | | M&D = Standard + Dissolved Gas Analysis, Integrated Fault Report
Communications S E |
|| || || |Standard: Front USB, 1 x Rear RS485: Modbus RTU, DNP3.0, IEC60870- 5-103 + 1 x Ethernet (Modbus TCP, DNP)
1E |
|| || || |Advanced: Front USB, 1 x Rear RS485 + 2 x Ethernet Fiber, MODBUS RTU/TCP, DNP3.0, IEC 60870-5-103/104, 1588, SNTP, OPC UA
1P|||| Advanced + PRP
2A|||| Advanced + IEC 61850
2E|||| Advanced + PRP + IEC 61850
3A|||| Advanced + Extended IEC 61850
3E|||| Advanced + PRP + Extended IEC 61850

1–10 845 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
FASTPATH: Harsh Environment Coating is a standard feature on all 8 Series units.
Advanced security is only available with advanced communications (1E, 1P, 2A, 2E, 3A, 3E).
When the advanced communications option is selected, the Ethernet port on the main CPU
is disabled.
FASTPATH: Accessories
• 18J0-0030 8 Series Depth Reducing Collar - 1 3/8"
• 18J0-0029 8 Series Depth Reducing Collar - 3"
Specifications
To obtain the total operating time, i.e. from the presence of a trip condition to initiation of a
trip, add 8 ms output relay time to the operate times listed below.
Device
ANNUNCIATOR PANEL
Number of Elements: ........................................1 (36 indicators)
Layout:.....................................................................Grid of 2x2 or 3x3
Data Storage:........................................................Non-volatile memory
Mode:........................................................................ Self-reset, latched, acknowledgeable
Display Text:..........................................................3 lines of 15 characters maximum
Visual Indication: ................................................ Flashing: 2Hz @ 50% duty cycle
CUSTOM CONFIGURATIONS
Config Mode: ........................................................Simplified, Regular
Protection
ARC FLASH HS PHASE/GROUND INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT HS 50P/50G
Current:.................................................................... Phasor Magnitude (special high speed algorithm)
Pickup Level: .........................................................0.050 to 30.000 x CT in steps of 0.001 x CT
Dropout Level:......................................................97 to 98% of Pickup
Level Accuracy: ...................................................For 0.1 to 0.2 x CT: ± 0.2% of reading or 1.5% of rated,
whichever is greater
For > 0.2 x CT: ± 1.5% of reading
Operate Time: ......................................................4 ms at >6 x Pickup at 60 Hz
5 ms at >6 x Pickup at 50 Hz
4-8 ms at > (3-6) x Pickup at 60 Hz
4-10 ms at > (3-6) x Pickup at 50 Hz
892800C5.PDF
Advanced Communications Connector N | | | None
S | | | ST, Multi-mode 1310 nm
C | | | RJ45, Copper 10/100M
Wireless Communication N | | None
W| | WiFi 802.11
Security B | Basic
A | Advanced: CyberSentry Level 1
Future Option N Not Available