Geokon 4400 User manual

Instruction Manual
Model 4400
V W Embedment Jointmeter
No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of
Geokon, Inc.
The information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Geokon, Inc. assumes
no responsibility for errors, omissions or misinterpretation. The information herein is subject to change
without notification.
Copyright © 1985-2016 by Geokon, Inc.
(Doc Rev J, 11/10/16)

Warranty Statement
Geokon, Inc. warrants its products to be free of defects in materials and workmanship, under
normal use and service for a period of 13 months from date of purchase. If the unit should
malfunction, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation, freight prepaid. Upon examination
by Geokon, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no charge.
However, the WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or
shows evidence of being damaged as a result of excessive corrosion or current, heat, moisture or
vibration, improper specification, misapplication, misuse or other operating conditions outside of
Geokon's control. Components which wear or which are damaged by misuse are not warranted.
This includes fuses and batteries.
Geokon manufactures scientific instruments whose misuse is potentially dangerous. The
instruments are intended to be installed and used only by qualified personnel. There are no
warranties except as stated herein. There are no other warranties, expressed or implied, including
but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and of fitness for a particular purpose.
Geokon, Inc. is not responsible for any damages or losses caused to other equipment, whether
direct, indirect, incidental, special or consequential which the purchaser may experience as a
result of the installation or use of the product. The buyer's sole remedy for any breach of this
agreement by Geokon, Inc. or any breach of any warranty by Geokon, Inc. shall not exceed the
purchase price paid by the purchaser to Geokon, Inc. for the unit or units, or equipment directly
affected by such breach. Under no circumstances will Geokon reimburse the claimant for loss
incurred in removing and/or reinstalling equipment.
Every precaution for accuracy has been taken in the preparation of manuals and/or software,
however, Geokon, Inc. neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors that may appear
nor assumes liability for any damages or losses that result from the use of the products in
accordance with the information contained in the manual or software.

CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................1
2. INSTALLATION.............................................................................................................................................2
2.1. PRELIMINARY TESTS ...................................................................................................................................2
2.2. EMBEDMENT JOINTMETER INSTALLATION...................................................................................................2
2.2.1. Installing the Socket............................................................................................................................2
2.2.2. Installing the Jointmeter.....................................................................................................................3
2.2.3 Setting the Initial Rreading.................................................................................................................4
2.3. CABLE INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................................5
2.4. ELECTRICAL NOISE.....................................................................................................................................5
2.5. INITIAL READINGS.......................................................................................................................................5
3. TAKING READINGS.....................................................................................................................................6
3.1. OPERATION OF THE GK-403 READOUT BOX...............................................................................................6
3.2 OPERATION OF THE GK-404 READOUT BOX ................................................................................................6
3.3. MEASURING TEMPERATURES......................................................................................................................7
4. DATA REDUCTION......................................................................................................................................8
4.1. DEFORMATION CALCULATION....................................................................................................................8
4.2. TEMPERATURE CORRECTION ......................................................................................................................9
4.3. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS......................................................................................................................10
5. TROUBLESHOOTING................................................................................................................................11
APPENDIX A - SPECIFICATIONS...............................................................................................................12
A.1 MODEL 4400 EMBEDMENT JOINTMETER...................................................................................................12
A.2 THERMISTOR (SEE APPENDIX BALSO).......................................................................................................12
APPENDIX B - THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION............................................................13

LIST of FIGURES, TABLES and EQUATIONS
FIGURE 1-MODEL 4400 VIBRATING WIRE EMBEDMENT JOINTMETER .................................................................. 1
FIGURE 2-SOCKET INSTALLATION......................................................................................................................... 2
FIGURE 3SHOWING PIN ENGAGED IN SLOT............................................................................................................ 3
FIGURE 4–COMPLETED EMBEDMENT JOINTMETER INSTALLATION....................................................................... 4
EQUATION 1-DIGITS CALCULATION...................................................................................................................... 8
EQUATION 2-DEFORMATION CALCULATION......................................................................................................... 8
TABLE 1-ENGINEERING UNITS CONVERSION MULTIPLIERS .................................................................................. 8
EQUATION 3-THERMALLY CORRECTED DEFORMATION CALCULATION................................................................ 9
EQUATION 4-THERMAL COEFFICIENT CALCULATION ........................................................................................... 9
TABLE 2-THERMAL COEFFICIENT CALCULATION CONSTANTS ............................................................................. 9
EQUATION 5-GAGE LENGTH CORRECTION............................................................................................................ 9
TABLE A-1 EMBEDMENT JOINTMETER SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................... 12
EQUATION B-1 CONVERT THERMISTOR RESISTANCE TO TEMPERATURE............................................................. 13
TABLE B-1 THERMISTOR RESISTANCE VERSUS TEMPERATURE ........................................................................... 13

1
1. INTRODUCTION
Geokon Model 4400 Vibrating Wire Embedment Jointmeters are intended primarily for the
measurement of joint openings between lifts or sections in mass concrete or across fracture
zones in fully grouted boreholes.
The instrument consists of a vibrating wire sensing element in series with a heat treated,
stress relieved spring which is connected to the wire at one end and a connecting rod at the
other. As the connecting rod is pulled out from the gage body, the spring is elongated
causing an increase in tension and a resulting change in frequency of the vibrating wire
sensing element The tension in the wire is directly proportional to the extension, hence, the
opening of the joint can be determined very accurately by measuring the frequency change
with the vibrating wire readout box. The unit is fully sealed and operates at pressures of up
to 250 psi.
Alignment Slot
Alignment Pin
Socket Socket Thread
Transducer Shaft Transducer Housing Tripolar Surge Arrestor Seal Screw
Coil Assembly Instrument Cable
16.093"
Gage Connector
Universal Joint
Universal Joint
Gage End Flange
Connector Alignment Pin Swagelok Fitting
Transducer Wires
(2 places)
Protective PVC Gage Housing
408.8mm
Figure 1 - Model 4400 Vibrating Wire Embedment Jointmeter
In use, a socket is placed in the first lift of concrete and, when the forms are removed, a
protective plug is pulled from the socket. The gage is then screwed into the socket, extended
slightly and then concreted into the next lift. Any opening of the joint is then measured by
the gage which is firmly anchored in each lift. The sensing gage itself, is smaller than the
protective housing, and a degree of shearing motion is allowed for by the use of universal
ball-joint connections on the gage.
A thermistor is also located inside the vibrating wire transducer housing for the measurement
of temperature at the jointmeter location. In addition, a tripolar plasma surge arrestor inside
the housing provides protection for the sensor coils from electrical transients such as may be
induced by direct or indirect lightning strikes.
17.37 “
441m
m

2
2. INSTALLATION
2.1. Preliminary Tests
Upon receipt of the instrument, the gage should be checked for proper operation (including
the thermistor). See Section 3 for readout instructions. In position "B" the gage will read
around 2000 when the threaded connector is pulled out approximately 3 mm (0.125"). Do
not extend the connector more than the range of the gage. The threaded connector on the
end of the gage should not be turned independently of the gage body.
Checks of electrical continuity can also be made using an ohmmeter. Resistance between the
gage leads should be approximately 180 , ±10 . Remember to add cable resistance when
checking (22 AWG stranded copper leads are approximately 14.7/1000' or 48.5/km,
multiply by 2 for both directions). Between the green and white should be approximately
3000 ohms at 25° (see Table B-1), and between any conductor and the shield should exceed 2
megohms.
2.2. Embedment Jointmeter Installation
The installation of the Vibrating Wire Embedment Jointmeter consists of two stages; first,
installing the socket and, second, installing the gage.
2.2.1. Installing the Socket
The socket of the gage is meant to be installed in the first lift of concrete. The socket comes
with a PVC plug held in place by two O’rings. This plug is designed to keep concrete from
entering the inside of the socket and to hold the socket in place while the concrete is poured.
After installation the face of the socket must coincide with the finished face of the concrete if
it is to be accessible. If the socket plug is removed and needs to be replaced it will be
necessary to temporarily remove the socket plug bolt so that the air inside the socket can
escape when the plug is forced back into the socket..
Figure 2 - Socket Installation

3
The protective socket plug is supplied with a ¼-20 x 1 inch bolt which can be used to bolt the
socket to the forms. See Figure 2.
2.2.2. Installing the Jointmeter.
1. After the forms have been stripped and socket exposed, the socket plug should be
removed using the socket plug bolt or, if necessary, one of the eyebolt supplied. The
bore of the socket is supplied covered with O’lube to facilitate the assembly. Make sure
that the inside of the socket is clean and greased before proceeding.
2. Before pushing the jointmeter into the socket, make sure that the pins in the
connector engage the slots in the plastic housing. (See Figure 3). This is very
important.
Figure 3 Showing Pin Engaged in Slot
3. Remove the seal screw from the cable end flange. See Figure 1. This allows air to enter
the inside of the jointmeter while it is being adjusted.
4. Push the gage into the socket until it stops. While applying an inward pressure, rotate
the gage in a clockwise direction, for approximately 4 revolutions until the connection is
snug in the socket thread. Note: If the stiff direct burial cable is being used, the cable
bundle or reel should also be rotated to avoid crimping the cable. Again, it is very
important that the pins in the connector are inside the slots of the PVC housing. If
the pins are not in the slots and the jointmeter is twisted the jointmeter will be
broken.
5. The next step is to secure the gage body and cable in position for placing concrete.
Readings should be taken on the gage (and thermistor) at this time (see Section 3).

4
2.2.3 Setting the Initial Rreading
2.2.3.1 Models 4400 –25, 4400-50, 4400-100, 4400-150
To allow for slight compression of the gage, it is recommended that the gage be pulled out
until a reading of 3000-3500 in position 'B' is obtained. This will set the gage at
approximately 25% of its range in tension. It should be remembered that the gage should not
be rotated after pulling it from the socket. After extending the gage, wrap 2-3 layers of
electrical tape around the gage tube immediately adjacent to the socket to hold the gage at
this reading while the concrete is being placed. If the gage has to be removed from the
socket, it MUST be pushed back in until the pins catch and then rotated counter-clockwise
until it comes loose.
2.2.3.2 Model 4400-12
The above procedure for the longer range models is not recommended for the 4400-12
model. Here the danger of over-ranging the sensor due to the sudden release, when pulling
the gage out, is too great. So leave the transducer as is. The natural compression of the gage a
will be enough to allow for any small amount of joint closure.
6. Don’t forget to re-install the 10-32 3/8" seal screw into the gage end flange.
Figure 4 – Completed Embedment Jointmeter Installation

5
2.3. Cable Installation
The cable should be routed in such a way so as to minimize the possibility of damage due to
moving equipment, debris or other causes.
Cables may be spliced to lengthen them, without affecting gage readings. Always
waterproof the splice completely, preferably using an epoxy based splice kit such the 3M
Scotchcast, model 82-A1. These kits are available from the factory.
2.4. Electrical Noise
Care should be exercised when installing instrument cables to keep them as far away as
possible from sources of electrical interference such as power lines, generators, motors,
transformers, arc welders, etc. Cables should never be buried or run with AC power
lines! The instrument cables will pick up the 50 or 60 Hz (or other frequency) noise from the
power cable and this will likely cause a problem obtaining a stable reading. Contact the
factory concerning filtering options available for use with the Geokon dataloggers and
readouts should difficulties arise.
2.5. Initial Readings
Initial readings must be taken and carefully recorded along with the temperature at the time
of installation. Take the initial readings while the gage is in position, just prior to placing the
second lift of concrete. Take readings again after the second lift of concrete has cured.

6
3. TAKING READINGS
3.1. Operation of the GK-403 Readout Box
The GK-403 can store gage readings and also apply calibration factors to convert readings to
engineering units, ie. inches or millimeters. Consult the GK-403 Instruction Manual for
additional information on Mode "G" of the Readout. The following instructions will explain
taking gage measurements using Mode "B".
Connect the Readout using the flying leads or in the case of a terminal station, with a
connector. The red and black clips are for the vibrating wire transducer, the white and green
clips are for the thermistor and the blue for the shield drain wire.
1. Turn on the Readout. Turn the display selector to position "B". Readout is in digits (see
Equation 1).
2. Turn the unit on and a reading will appear in the front display window. The last digit
may change one or two digits while reading. Press the "Store" button to record the value
displayed. If the no reading displays or the reading is unstable see section 5 for
troubleshooting suggestions. The thermistor will be read and output directly in degrees
centigrade.
3. The unit will automatically turn itself off after approximately 2 minutes to conserve
power.
3.2 Operation of the GK-404 Readout Box
The GK404 is a palm sized readout box which displays the Vibrating wire value and the
temperature in degrees centigrade.
The GK-404 Vibrating Wire Readout arrives with a patch cord for connecting to the
vibrating wire gages. One end will consist of a 5-pin plug for connecting to the respective
socket on the bottom of the GK-404 enclosure. The other end will consist of 5 leads
terminated with alligator clips. Note the colors of the alligator clips are red, black, green,
white and blue. The colors represent the positive vibrating wire gage lead (red), negative
vibrating wire gage lead (black), positive thermistor lead (green), negative thermistor lead
(white) and transducer cable drain wire (blue). The clips should be connected to their
respectively colored leads from the vibrating wire gage cable.
Use the POS (Position) button to select position Band the MODE button to select Dg
(digits).
Other functions can be selected as described in the GK404 Manual.
The GK-404 will continue to take measurements and display the readings until the OFF
button is pushed, or if enabled, when the automatic Power-Off timer shuts the GK-404 off.
The GK-404 continuously monitors the status of the (2) 1.5V AA cells, and when their
combined voltage drops to 2V, the message Batteries Low is displayed on the screen. A
fresh set of 1.5V AA batteries should be installed at this point.

7
3.3. Measuring Temperatures
Each Vibrating Wire Embedment Jointmeter is equipped with a thermistor for reading
temperature. The thermistor gives a varying resistance output as the temperature changes.
Usually the white and green leads are connected to the internal thermistor.
1. Connect an ohmmeter to the two thermistor leads coming from the jointmeter. (Since the
resistance changes with temperature are so large, the effect of cable resistance is usually
insignificant.)
2. Look up the temperature for the measured resistance in Table B-1 (Appendix B).
Alternately the temperature could be calculated using Equation B-1 (Appendix B). For
example, a resistance of 3400 ohms equivalent to 22° C. When long cables are used the
cable resistance may need to be taken into account. Standard 22 AWG stranded copper
lead cable is approximately 14.7/1000' or 48.5/km, multiply by 2 for both directions.
Note: The GK-403 and GK 404 readout boxes will read the thermistor and display
temperature in C automatically.

8
4. DATA REDUCTION
4.1. Deformation Calculation
The basic units utilized by Geokon for measurement and reduction of data from Vibrating
Wire Jointmeters are "digits". The units displayed by the GK-401, GK-402, and GK-403 in
position "B" are digits. Calculation of digits is based on the following equation;
Digits Period 




23
110 or Digits Hz

23
10
Equation 1 - Digits Calculation
To convert digits to deformation the following equation applies;
Deformation (Current Reading - Initial Reading) Calibration Factor Conversion Factor
or
D = (R1- R0) G F
Equation 2 - Deformation Calculation
Where; R1is the Current Reading.
R
0is the Initial Reading usually obtained at installation (see section 2.4).
G is the Calibration Factor, usually in terms of millimeters or inches per digit.
F is an engineering units conversion factor (optional), see Table 1.
From
To
Inches Feet Millimeters Centimeters Meters
Inches 1 12 0.03937 0.3937 39.37
Feet 0.0833 1 0.003281 0.03281 3.281
Millimeters 25.4 304.8 1 10 1000
Centimeters 2.54 30.48 0.10 1 100
Meters 0.0254 0.3048 0.001 0.01 1
Table 1 - Engineering Units Conversion Multipliers
For example, the Initial Reading (R0) at installation of a jointmeter with a 12 mm transducer
range is 3150 digits. The Current Reading (R1) is 6000. The Calibration Factor is 0.00356
mm/digit. The deformation change is;
D = (6000
 3150)  0.00356 = +10.146 mm
Note that increasing readings (digits) indicate increasing extension.

9
4.2. Temperature Correction
The Model 4400 Vibrating Wire Jointmeter has a very small coefficient of thermal expansion
so in most cases correction is not necessary. However, if maximum accuracy is desired or
the temperature changes are extreme (>10° C) corrections may be applied. The temperature
coefficient of the mass in which the Jointmeter is embedded should also be taken into
account. By correcting the transducer for temperature changes the deformation of the mass
may be distinguished. The following equation applies;
Dcorrected = ((R1- R0) G) + ((T1- T0) K) + LC
Equation 3 - Thermally Corrected Deformation Calculation
Where; R1is the Current Reading.
R
0is the Initial Reading.
G is the Calibration Factor.
T
1is the Current Temperature.
T
0is the Initial Temperature.
K is the Thermal Coefficient.
L
Cis the correction for the expansion/contraction of the universal joints and
flanges, (see figure1).
.
Tests have determined that the Thermal Ceofficient, K, changes with the position of the
transducer shaft. Hence, the first step in the temperature correction process is determination
of the proper Thermal Coefficient based on the following equation;
Thermal Coefficient = ((Reading in Digits Multiplier) Constant) Calibration Factor
K = ((R1M) B) G
Equation 4 - Thermal Coefficient Calculation
See Table 2 for the Multiplier and Constant values used in Equation 4. The Multiplier (M)
and Constant (B) values vary for the stroke of the transducer used in the Jointmeter.
Model: 4400-12 mm
4400-0.5" 4400-25 mm 4400-1" 4400-50 mm 4400-2" 4400-100mm 4400-4”
Multiplier (M): 0.000375 0.000369 0.000376 0.000398
Constant (B): 1.08 0.572 0.328 0.0864
Length of joints, stand-
offs and flanges, (L): 267 mm 10.5” 259 mm 10.2” 162 mm 6.38” 162mm 6.38”
Table 2 - Thermal Coefficient Calculation Constants
The correction for expansion/contraction of the universal joints,stand-offs and flanges, (LC),
is calculated using Equation 5.
LC= 17.3 10-6 L (T1- T0)
Equation 5 - Gage Length Correction
Where L is from Table 2 in millimeters or inches, to match the Calibration Factor units.

10
Consider the following example using a Jointmeter with a 25 mm range transducer.
R0= 3150 digits
R1= 6000 digits
T0= 15.3° C
T1= 20.8° C
G = 0.00356 mm/digit
K = ((6000  0.000369) + 0.572)  0.00356 = 0.0099
LC= 17.3  10-6  259  (20.8 - 15.3) = 0.024
D =(6000 – 3150) x 0.00356 = 10.146 mm
Dcorrected = ((R1- R0)  C) + ((T1- T0)  K) + LC
Dcorrected = ((6000 - 3150)  0.00356) + (20.8 - 15.3)  0.0099) + 0.024
Dcorrected = (2850  0.00356) + (5.5  0.0099) + 0.024
Dcorrected = 10.146 + 0.054 + 0.024
Dcorrected = +10.224 mm
As can be seen from the above example, the corrections for temperature change are very
small and can usually be ignored.
4.3. Environmental Factors
Since the purpose of the jointmeter installation is to monitor site conditions, factors which
may affect these conditions should always be observed and recorded. Seemingly minor
effects may have a real influence on the behavior of the structure being monitored and may
give an early indication of potential problems. Some of these factors include, but are not
limited to: blasting, rainfall, tidal levels, excavation and fill levels and sequences, traffic,
temperature and barometric changes, changes in personnel, nearby construction activities,
seasonal changes, etc.

11
5. TROUBLESHOOTING
Maintenance and troubleshooting of Geokon Vibrating Wire Embedment Jointmeters is
confined to periodic checks of cable connections and maintenance of terminals. Once
installed, the Jointmeters are usually inaccessible and remedial action is limited. Consult the
following list of problems and possible solutions should difficulties arise. Consult the
factory for additional troubleshooting help.
Symptom: Jointmeter Readings are Unstable
Is the readout box position set correctly? If using a datalogger to record readings
automatically are the swept frequency excitation settings correct?
Is the transducer shaft of the Jointmeter positioned outside the specified range of the
instrument? Note that when the transducer shaft is fully retracted with the alignment pin
inside the alignment slot (Figure 1) the readings will likely be unstable because the
vibrating wire is now out of range.
Is there a source of electrical noise nearby? Most probable sources of electrical noise are
motors, generators, transformers, arc welders and antennas. Make sure the shield drain
wire is connected to ground whether using a portable readout or datalogger. If using the
GK-401 Readout connect the clip with the green boot to the bare shield drain wire of the
pressure cell cable. If using the GK-403 connect the clip with the blue boot to the shield
drain wire.
Symptom: Jointmeter Fails to Read
Is the cable cut or crushed? This can be checked with an ohmmeter. Nominal resistance
between the two transducer leads (usually red and black leads) is 180, 10.
Remember to add cable resistance when checking (22 AWG stranded copper leads are
approximately 14.7/1000' or 48.5/km). If the resistance reads infinite, or very high
(>1 megohm), a cut wire must be suspected. If the resistance reads very low (100) a
short in the cable is likely. Splicing kits and instructions are available from the factory to
repair broken or shorted cables. Consult the factory for additional information.
Does the readout or datalogger work with another Jointmeter? If not the readout or
datalogger may be malfunctioning.

12
APPENDIX A - SPECIFICATIONS
A.1 Model 4400 Embedment Jointmeter
Range:¹ 12 mm
0.50 inches 25 mm 1 inch 50 mm 2 inches
Resolution: 0.025% FSR
Linearity: 0.25% FSR
Accuracy: 0.5% FSR
(0.1% FSR with a polynomial expression)
Thermal Zero Shift: < 0.05% FSR/°C
Stability: < 0.2%/yr (under static conditions)
Overrange: 115%
Temperature Range: -40 to +60°C
-40 to 120° F
Frequency Range: 1200 - 2800 Hz
Coil Resistance: 180

,

10

Cable Type:² 2 twisted pair (4 conductor) 22 AWG
Foil shield, PVC jacket, nominal OD=6.3 mm (0.250")
Length:
(compressed) 441 mm
17.37"
Maximum Diameter:
(flange) 63.5 mm
2.5"
Tube Diameter: 50.8 mm
2.0"
Weight:
1.5 kg
3.3 lb.
Table A-1 Embedment Jointmeter Specifications
Notes:
¹ Consult the factory for other ranges available.
² Consult the factory for alternate cable types.
A.2 Thermistor (see Appendix B also)
Range: -80 to +150° C
Accuracy: ±0.5° C

13
APPENDIX B - THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION
Thermistor Type: YSI 44005, Dale #1C3001-B3, Alpha #13A3001-B3
Resistance to Temperature Equation:
TA B LnR C LnR  
12732
3
()() .
Equation B-1 Convert Thermistor Resistance to Temperature
Where; T Temperature in C.
LnR Natural Log of Thermistor Resistance
A 1.4051 10-3 (coefficients calculated over the 50 to +150C. span)
B 2.369 10-4
C 1.019 10-7
Ohms Temp Ohms Temp Ohms Temp Ohms Temp Ohms Temp
201.1K -50 16.60K -10 2417

30 525.4

70 153.2

110
187.3K -49 15.72K -9 2317 31 507.8 71 149.0 111
174.5K -48 14.90K -8 2221 32 490.9 72 145.0 112
162.7K -47 14.12K -7 2130 33 474.7 73 141.1 113
151.7K -46 13.39K -6 2042 34 459.0 74 137.2 114
141.6K -45 12.70K -5 1959 35 444.0 75 133.6 115
132.2K -44 12.05K -4 1880 36 429.5 76 130.0 116
123.5K -43 11.44K -3 1805 37 415.6 77 126.5 117
115.4K -42 10.86K -2 1733 38 402.2 78 123.2 118
107.9K -41 10.31K -1 1664 39 389.3 79 119.9 119
101.0K -40 9796 0 1598 40 376.9 80 116.8 120
94.48K -39 9310

1 1535 41 364.9 81 113.8 121
88.46K -38 8851 2 1475 42 353.4 82 110.8 122
82.87K -37 8417 3 1418 43 342.2 83 107.9 123
77.66K -36 8006 4 1363 44 331.5 84 105.2 124
72.81K -35 7618 5 1310 45 321.2 85 102.5 125
68.30K -34 7252 6 1260 46 311.3 86 99.9 126
64.09K -33 6905 7 1212 47 301.7 87 97.3 127
60.17K -32 6576 8 1167 48 292.4 88 94.9 128
56.51K -31 6265 9 1123 49 283.5 89 92.5 129
53.10K -30 5971 10 1081 50 274.9 90 90.2 130
49.91K -29 5692 11 1040 51 266.6 91 87.9 131
46.94K -28 5427 12 1002 52 258.6 92 85.7 132
44.16K -27 5177 13 965.0 53 250.9 93 83.6 133
41.56K -26 4939 14 929.6 54 243.4 94 81.6 134
39.13K -25 4714 15 895.8 55 236.2 95 79.6 135
36.86K -24 4500 16 863.3 56 229.3 96 77.6 136
34.73K -23 4297 17 832.2 57 222.6 97 75.8 137
32.74K -22 4105 18 802.3 58 216.1 98 73.9 138
30.87K -21 3922 19 773.7 59 209.8 99 72.2 139
29.13K -20 3748 20 746.3 60 203.8 100 70.4 140
27.49K -19 3583 21 719.9 61 197.9 101 68.8 141
25.95K -18 3426 22 694.7 62 192.2 102 67.1 142
24.51K -17 3277 23 670.4 63 186.8 103 65.5 143
23.16K -16 3135 24 647.1 64 181.5 104 64.0 144
21.89K -15 3000 25 624.7 65 176.4 105 62.5 145
20.70K -14 2872 26 603.3 66 171.4 106 61.1 146
19.58K -13 2750 27 582.6 67 166.7 107 59.6 147
18.52K -12 2633 28 562.8 68 162.0 108 58.3 148
17.53K -11 2523 29 543.7 69 157.6 109 56.8 149
55.6 150
Table B-1 Thermistor Resistance versus Temperature