HEIDENHAIN TNC 640 User manual

TNC 640
User’s Manual
ISO programming
NC Software
340590-08
340591-08
340595-08
English (en)
10/2017

Controls and displays
2HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Controls and displays
Keys
If you are using a TNC 640 with touch control, you can
replace some keystrokes with hand-to-screen contact.
Further information: "Operating the Touchscreen",
page 127
Keys on visual display unit
Key Function
Selecting the screen layout
Toggle the display between
machine operating mode, program-
ming mode, and a third desktop
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Shifting between soft-key rows
Alphanumeric keyboard
Key Function
File names, comments
DIN/ISO programming
Machine operating modes
Key Function
Manual operation
Electronic handwheel
Positioning with manual data input
Program run, single block
Program run, full sequence
Programming modes
Key Function
Programming
Test run
Entering and editing coordinate
axes and numbers
Key Function
. . . Select coordinate axes or enter them in a program
. . . Numbers
Decimal separator / Reverse
algebraic sign
Polar coordinate entry /
Incremental values
Q parameter programming /
Q parameter status
Capture actual position
NO
ENT
Skip dialog questions, delete words
Confirm entry and resume dialog
Conclude block and exit entry
Clear entries or error message
Abort dialog, delete program
section
Tool functions
Key Function
Define tool data in the program
Call tool data

HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017 3
Managing programs and files,
control functions
Key Function
Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Define program call, select datum
and point tables
Select MOD functions
Display help text for NC error
messages, call TNCguide
Display all current error messages
Show calculator
Show special functions
Open the batch process manager
Navigation keys
Key Function
Position the cursor
Go directly to blocks, cycles and
parameter functions
Navigate to the program start or
table start
Navigate to the program end or end
of a table line
Navigate up one page
Navigate down one page
Select the next tab in forms
Up/down one dialog box or button
Cycles, subprograms and
program section repeats
Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Define and call cycles
Enter and call labels for subpro-
gramming and program section
repeats
Enter program stop in a program
Programming path movements
Key Function
Approach/depart contour
FK free contour programming
Straight line
Circle center/pole for polar coordi-
nates
Circular arc with center
Circle with radius
Circular arc with tangential connec-
tion
Chamfer/rounding arc
Potentiometer for feed rate
and spindle speed
Feed rate Spindle speed

Fundamentals

Fundamentals | About this manual
6HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
About this manual
Safety precautions
Comply with all safety precautions indicated in this document and
in your machine tool builder's documentation!
Precautionary statements warn of hazards in handling software
and devices and provide information on their prevention. They are
classified by hazard severity and divided into the following groups:
DANGER
Danger indicates hazards for persons. If you do not follow the
avoidance instructions, the hazard will result in death or severe
injury.
WARNING
Warning indicates hazards for persons. If you do not follow the
avoidance instructions, the hazard could result in death or
serious injury.
CAUTION
Caution indicates hazards for persons. If you do not follow the
avoidance instructions, the hazard could result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE
Notice indicates danger to material or data. If you do not follow
the avoidance instructions, the hazard could result in things
other than personal injury, like property damage.
Sequence of information in precautionary statements
All precautionary statements comprise the following four sections:
Signal word indicating the hazard severity
Type and source of hazard
Consequences of ignoring the hazard, e.g.: "There is danger of
collision during subsequent machining operations"
Escape – Hazard prevention measures

Fundamentals | About this manual
HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017 7
Informational notes
Observe the informational notes provided in these instructions to
ensure reliable and efficient operation of the software.
In these instructions, you will find the following informational
notes:
The information symbol indicates a tip.
A tip provides important additional or supplementary
information.
This symbol prompts you to follow the safety
precautions of your machine tool builder. This symbol
also indicates machine-dependent functions. Possible
hazards for the operator and the machine are described
in the machine manual.
The book symbol represents a cross reference to
external documentation, e.g. the documentation of your
machine tool builder or other supplier.
Would you like any changes, or have you found any errors?
We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address:
[email protected]

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
8HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Control model, software and features
This manual describes functions and features provided by controls
as of the following NC software numbers.
Control model NC software number
TNC 640 340590-08
TNC 640 E 340591-08
TNC 640 Programming Station 340595-08
The suffix E indicates the export version of the control. The
following software options are unavailable or only available to a
limited extent in the export version:
Advanced Function Set 2 (option 9) limited to four-axis
interpolation
KinematicsComp (option 52)
The machine manufacturer adapts the usable features of the
control to his machine by the setting machine parameters. Some of
the functions described in this manual may therefore not be among
the features provided by the control on your machine tool.
Control functions that may not be available on your machine
include:
Tool measurement with the TT
In order to find out about the actual features of your machine,
please contact the machine manufacturer.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the HEIDENHAIN controls. Participation
in one of these courses is recommended to familiarize yourself
thoroughly with the control's functions.
Cycle Programming User's Manual:
All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and fixed
cycles) are described in the Cycle Programming User's
Manual. If you need this user's manual, please contact
HEIDENHAIN if required. ID: 892905-xx

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
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Software options
The TNC 640 features various software options that can be enabled by your machine tool builder. Each option is to
be enabled separately and contains the following respective functions:
Additional Axis (options 0 to 7)
Additional axis Additional control loops 1 to 8
Advanced Function Set 1 (option 8)
Expanded functions Group 1 Machining with rotary tables
Cylindrical contours as if in two axes
Feed rate in distance per minute
Coordinate conversions:
Tilting the working plane
Advanced Function Set 2 (option 9)
Expanded functions Group 2
Export license required
3-D machining:
Motion control with minimum jerk
3-D tool compensation through surface-normal vectors
Using the electronic handwheel to change the angle of
the swivel head during program run without affecting the
position of the tool center point (tool tip or center of sphere)
(TCPM = Tool Center Point Management)
Keeping the tool normal to the contour
Tool radius compensation perpendicular to traversing direction and
tool direction
Interpolation:
Linear in 6 axes
HEIDENHAIN DNC (option 18)
Communication with external PC applications over COM component
Display Step (option 23)
Display step Input resolution:
Linear axes down to 0.01 µm
Rotary axes to 0.00001°
Dynamic Collision Monitoring – DCM (option 40)
Dynamic Collision Monitoring The machine manufacturer defines objects to be monitored
Warning in Manual operation
Collision monitoring in the Test Run mode
Program interrupt in Automatic operation
Includes monitoring of 5-axis movements

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
10 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
CAD Import (option 42)
CAD import Support for DXF, STEP and IGES
Adoption of contours and point patterns
Simple and convenient specification of presets
Selecting graphical features of contour sections from conversational
programs
Adaptive Feed Control – AFC (option 45)
Adaptive Feed Control Milling:
Recording the actual spindle power by means of a teach-in cut
Defining the limits of automatic feed rate control
Fully automatic feed control during program run
Turning (option 50):
Cutting force monitoring during machining
KinematicsOpt (option 48)
Optimizing the machine kinematics Backup/restore active kinematics
Test active kinematics
Optimize active kinematics
Mill-Turning (option 50)
Milling and turning modes Functions:
Switching between Milling/Turning mode of operation
Constant surface speed
Tool-tip radius compensation
Turning cycles
Cycle 880: Gear hobbing (option 50 and option 131)
KinematicsComp (option 52)
Three-dimensional compensation
Export license required
Compensation of position and component errors
3D-ToolComp (option 92)
3-D tool radius compensation
depending on the tool’s contact
angle
Export license required
Compensate the deviation of the tool radius depending on the tool’s
contact angle
Compensation values in a separate compensation value table
Prerequisite: Working with surface normal vectors (LN blocks)
Extended Tool Management (option 93)
Extended tool management Python-based
Advanced Spindle Interpolation (option 96)
Interpolating spindle Interpolation turning:
Cycle 291: Interpolation turning, coupling
Cycle 292: Interpolation turning, contour finishing

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
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Spindle Synchronism (option 131)
Spindle synchronization Synchronization of milling spindle and turning spindle
Cycle 880: Gear hobbing (option 50 and option 131)
Remote Desktop Manager (option 133)
Remote operation of external
computer units
Windows on a separate computer unit
Incorporated in the control's interface
Synchronizing Functions (option 135)
Synchronization functions Real Time Coupling – RTC:
Coupling of axes
Visual Setup Control – VSC (option 136)
Camera-based monitoring of the
setup situation
Record the setup situation with a HEIDENHAIN camera system
Visual comparison of planned and actual status in the workspace
Cross Talk Compensation – CTC (option 141)
Compensation of axis couplings Determination of dynamically caused position deviation through axis
acceleration
Compensation of the TCP (Tool Center Point)
Position Adaptive Control – PAC (option 142)
Adaptive position control Changing of the control parameters depending on the position of the
axes in the working space
Changing of the control parameters depending on the speed or
acceleration of an axis
Load Adaptive Control – LAC (option 143)
Adaptive load control Automatic determination of workpiece weight and frictional forces
Changing of control parameters depending on the actual mass of the
workpiece
Active Chatter Control – ACC (option 145)
Active chatter control Fully automatic function for chatter control during machining
Active Vibration Damping – AVD (option 46)
Active vibration damping Damping of machine oscillations to improve the workpiece surface
Batch Process Manager (option 154)
Batch process manager Planning of production orders

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
12 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Feature Content Level (upgrade functions)
Along with software options, significant further improvements of
the control software are managed via the Feature Content Level
upgrade functions. If you install a software update on your control
you do not automatically have the functions available as covered by
the FCL.
All upgrade functions are available to you without
surcharge when you receive a new machine.
Upgrade functions are identified in the manual as FCL n. The n
signifies the serial number of the development status.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable
the FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.
Intended place of operation
The control complies with the limits for a Class A device in
accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for
use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.
Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under:
Programming operating mode
MOD function
LICENSE INFO soft key

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017 13
New functions
New functions 34059x-02
DXF files can now be opened directly on the control in order
to extract contours and point patterns, see "Data Transfer from
CAD Files", page 327
The active tool-axis direction can now be activated as a virtual
tool axis in the Manual Operation mode and during handwheel
superimpositioning, see "Superimposing handwheel positioning
during program run: M118 ", page 471
The machine tool builder can now define any areas on the
machine for collision monitoring, see "Dynamic Collision
Monitoring (option 40)", page 483
Writing and reading data in freely definable tables, see "Freely
definable tables", page 537
The function Adaptive Feed Control AFC has been introduced,
see "Adaptive Feed Control AFC (option 45)", page 514
New touch probe Cycle 484 for calibrating the wireless touch
probe TT 449, see Cycle Programming User's Manual
The new HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported,
see "Traverse with electronic handwheels", page 671
New operating Cycle 225 Engraving,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
New Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option, see "Active
Chatter Control ACC (option 145)", page 528
New manual probing cycle Center line as preset, see "Setting a
center line as preset", page 729
New function for rounding corners, see "Rounding corners:
M197", page 478
External access to the control can now be blocked with an MOD
function, see "External access", page 796

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
14 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Changed functions 34059x-02
The maximum number of characters for the NAME and DOC
fields in the tool table has been increased from 16 to 32, see
"Entering tool data into the table", page 238
The columns AFC and ACC were added to the tool table, see
"Entering tool data into the table", page 238
Operation and positioning behavior of the manual probing cycles
has been improved, see "Using a 3-D touch probe ", page 699
Predefined values can now be entered into a cycle
parameter with the PREDEF function in cycles,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
The status display has been expanded with the AFC tab, see
"Additional status displays", page 96
The FUNCTION TURNDATA SPIN rotation function has been
expanded with an input option for maximum speed, see
"Program spindle speed", page 629
With the KinematicsOpt cycles a new optimization algorithm is
now used, see the Cycle Programming User's Manual
With Cycle 257, CIRCULAR STUD, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the
stud, see User's Manual for Cycle Programming
With Cycle 256 RECTANGULAR STUD, a parameter is now
available with which you can determine the approach position on
the stud, see Cycle Programming User's Manual
With the manual Basic Rotation touch probe cycle, workpiece
misalignment can now be compensated for via a table rotation,
see "Compensation of workpiece misalignment by rotating the
table", page 717

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
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New functions 34059x-04
New special operating mode RETRACT, see "Retraction after a
power interruption", page 779
New graphic simulation, see "Graphics ", page 754
New Tool usage file MOD function in the machine settings
group, see "Tool usage file", page 799
New Set system time MOD function in the systems settings
group, see "Set the system time", page 801
New Graphic settings MOD group, see "Graphic settings",
page 794
With the new syntax for adaptive feed control (AFC) you can
start or end a teach-in cut, see "Recording a teach-in cut",
page 519
With the new cutting data calculator you can calculate the
spindle speed and the feed rate, see "Cutting data calculator",
page 213
In the TURNDATA function, you can now define the effect of
the tool compensation, see "Tool compensation in the program",
page 637
Now you can activate and deactivate the active chatter control
(ACC) with a soft key, see "Activating/deactivating ACC",
page 529
With the jump commands new if/then decisions have been
introduced, see "Programming if-then decisions", page 381
The character set of machining Cycle 225 Engraving has been
expanded to include more characters and the diameter sign,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
New machining Cycle 275 Trochoidal Milling,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
New Cycle 233 Face Milling,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
In the drilling cycles 200, 203 and 205 the parameter Q395
DEPTH REFERENCE has been introduced in order to evaluate
the T ANGLE, see Cycle Programming User's Manual
Probing Cycle 4 MEASURING IN 3-D has been introduced,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
16 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Modified functions 34059x-04
The column NAME has been added to the turning tool table,
see "Tool data", page 638
Up to 4 M functions are now allowed in an NC block, see
"Fundamentals", page 458
New soft keys for transferring values have been introduced in
the pocket calculator, see "Operation", page 210
The distance-to-go display can now also be displayed in the
input system, see "Select the position display", page 802
Several input parameters have been added to
Cycle 241 SINGLE-LIP DEEP HOLE DRILLING,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual
Parameter Q305 NUMBER IN TABLE has been added to Cycle
404, see Cycle Programming User's Manual
In the thread milling cycles 26x an approaching feed rate has
been introduced, see Cycle Programming User's Manual
In Cycle 205 Universal Pecking you can now use
parameter Q208 to define a feed rate for retraction,
see Cycle Programming User's Manual

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
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New functions 34059x-05
The column PITCH has been added to the tool management,
see "Entering tool data into the table", page 238
The columns YL and DYL have been added to the turning tool
table, see "Tool data", page 638
In the tool management, several lines can now be added at the
end of the table, see "Editing tool management", page 268
Any turning tool table can be selected for the program test, see
"Test run", page 767
Programs with .HU and .HC extensions can be selected and
processed in all operating modes
The functions SELECT PROGRAM and
CALL SELECTED PROGRAM have been introduced, see "Calling
any program as a subprogram", page 357
New FEED DWELL function for programming repeating dwell
times, see "Dwell time FUNCTION FEED", page 545
The control automatically writes upper case letters at the start
of a block, see "Programming path functions", page 294
The D18 functions have been expanded, see "D18 – Reading
system data", page 395
The DCM function can be activated and deactivated from
the NC program, see "Activating and deactivating collision
monitoring", page 490
USB data carriers can be locked with the SELinux security
software, see "SELinux security software", page 112
The machine parameter posAfterContPocket (no. 201007) that
influences positioning after an SL cycle has been introduced,
see "Machine-specific user parameters", page 830
Protective zones can be defined in the MOD menu, see
"Entering traverse limits", page 798
Write protection is possible for individual lines in the preset
management, see "Saving presets in the table", page 689
New manual probing function for aligning a plane, see
"Measuring 3-D basic rotation", page 719
New function for aligning the machining plane without rotary
axes, see "Tilting the working plane without rotary axes",
page 580
CAD files can be opened without option number 42, see "Data
Transfer from CAD Files", page 327
New software option 96 Advanced Spindle Interpolation, see
"Software options", page 9
New software option 131 Spindle Synchronism, see "Software
options", page 9

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
18 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
Modified functions 34059x-05
With tool selection the control displays the XL and ZL columns
from the turning tool table in the pop-up window, see "Tool call",
page 636
The input range of the DOC column in the pocket table has
been expanded to 32 characters, see "Pocket table for tool
changer", page 251
Commands D15, D31 and D32 from predecessor controls no
longer generate ERROR blocks during import. When simulating
or running an NC program with these commands, the control
interrupts the NC program with an error message that helps you
to find an alternative implementation
Miscellaneous functions M104, M105, M112, M114, M124,
M134, M142, M150, M200 - M204 from predecessor controls
no longer generate ERROR blocks during import. When
simulating or running an NC program with these miscellaneous
functions, the control interrupts the NC program with an error
message that helps you to find an alternative implementation,
see "Comparison: Miscellaneous functions", page 870
The maximum file size of files output with D16 F-Print has been
increased from 4 KB to 20 KB
The Preset.PR preset management is write-protected in
Programming operating mode, see "Saving presets in the table",
page 689
The input range of the Q parameter list for defining the QPARA
tab on the status display consists of 132 input positions, see
"Displaying Q parameters (QPARA tab)", page 101
Manual calibration of the touch probe with fewer pre-positioning
movements, see "Calibrating 3-D touch probes ", page 708
The position display takes into account the DL oversizes
programmed in the T block, selectable as an oversize of the
workpiece or tool, see "Delta values for lengths and radii",
page 237
In single block mode the control executes each point individually
with point pattern cycles and G79 PAT, see "Program run",
page 772
Rebooting the control is no longer possible with the END key
but with the RESTART soft key, see "Switch-off", page 668
The control displays the contouring feed rate in manual mode,
see "Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous function
M", page 682
Deactivate tilting in manual mode is only possible via the 3D-
ROT menu, see "Activating manual tilting:", page 736
Machine parameter maxLineGeoSearch (no. 105408) has
been increased to max. 100000, see "Machine-specific user
parameters", page 830
The names of software options number 8, 9 and 21 have
changed, see "Software options", page 9

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
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New and modified cycle functions 34059x-05
New cycle G880 GEAR HOBBING (option 50, option 131)
New cycle G292 CONTOUR.TURNG.INTRP. (option 96)
New cycle G291 COUPLG.TURNG.INTERP. (option 96)
New cycle G239 ASCERTAIN THE LOAD for LAC (Load Adapt.
Control) load-dependent adaptation of control parameters
(option 143)
Cycle G270 CONTOUR TRAIN DATA has been added
Cycle G139 CYL. SURFACE CONTOUR has been added (option
1)
The character set of machining cycle G225 ENGRAVING has
been expanded with the CE character, ß, the @ character and
system time
Cycles G252-G254 have been expanded with the optional
parameter Q439
Cycle G122 ROUGH-OUT has been expanded by the optional
parameters Q401, Q404
Cycle G484 CALIBRATE IR TT has been expanded by the
optional parameter Q536
Cycles G841 SIMPLE REC. TURNG., RADIAL DIR., G842
ENH.REC.TURNNG, RAD., G851 SIMPLE REC TURNG, AX, G852
ENH.REC.TURNING, AX. have been expanded by plunge feed
rate Q488
Eccentric turning with Cycle G800 ADJUST XZ SYSTEM is
possible with option 50
Further information: Cycle Programming User's Manual

Fundamentals | Control model, software and features
20 HEIDENHAIN | TNC 640 | ISO Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
New functions 34059x-06
Manual probe functions create a line in the preset table that
does not yet exist, see "Writing measured values from the
touch-probe cycles to the preset table", page 707
Manual probe functions can write in a password-protected line,
see "Recording measured values from the touch probe cycles",
page 705
The column AFC-LOAD was added to the tool table. In this
column you can set a tool-dependent standard reference power
for the adaptive feed control AFC, which you establish once
with a teach-in cut, see "Entering tool data into the table",
page 238
The column KINEMATIC has been added to the tool table, see
"Entering tool data into the table", page 238
When importing tool data the CSV file may contain additional
table columns not recognized by the control. During import a
message is displayed indicating the unrecognized columns and
informing that these values will not be adopted, see "Importing
and exporting tool data", page 274
New function FUNCTION S-PULSE for programming pulsing
shaft speeds, see "Pulsing spindle speed FUNCTION S-PULSE",
page 543
It is possible to search quickly for a file in file management by
entering the first letter, see "Selecting drives, directories and
files", page 177
With active structuring the structure block can be edited in the
structure window, see "Definition and applications", page 208
The D18 functions have been expanded, see "D18 – Reading
system data", page 395
The control differentiates between interrupted or stopped NC
programs. In the interrupted status, the control offers more
intervention options, see "Interrupting, stopping or aborting
machining", page 774
The machine manufacturer can also configure the turning
spindle (option number 50) as an optional axis on the
handwheel, see "Selecting the axis to be moved", page 676
Animated help can be selected with the tilt working plane
function, see "Overview", page 555
The software option number 42 DXF Converter now also
produces CR circles, see "Basic settings", page 331
New software option 136 Visual Setup Control (camera-based
monitoring of the setup situation), see "Software options",
page 9,see "Camera-based monitoring of the setup situation
VSC (option 136)", page 739.