HEIDENHAIN ND 280 - 8-2010 User manual

Operating Instructions
ND 280
English (en)
8/2010

ND 280 Screen
1
2
3
4
5
ND 280 Front Panel
7
6

Controls and Displays
1Status bar
Current operating mode: Actual Value, Distance-To-Go.
Current display mode for input X1
SCL shown in black: Scaling factor is active.
COMP shown in black: Error compensation or axis-error compensation is active for the currently displayed axis
Elapsed time of running stopwatch: If the stopwatch is stopped, the box appears dimmed.
mm, inch, DEG, DMS or rad: Currently active unit of measure
Currently active datum: The ND 280 allows you to work with two different datums.
Indicates the soft-key page (soft-key row) you are currently on.
2Position display: Current position value (length or angle)
3Message line for displaying information, errors or warnings.
4Status display:
SET: If you enter a new value during datum setting, the SET symbol will start flashing.
REF: The REF symbol is flashing until the reference mark evaluation for the displayed axis has been
completed (if an incremental encoder is connected).
5 and 6 Soft keys and soft-key buttons for executing functions.
1,2,3,4... Numeric input keys.
ENTER Use the ENTER key to confirm your entry or to return to the previous screen.
C Use the C key to clear an entry, acknowledge an error message or return to the previous screen.
The NAVIGATION key moves through the soft-key pages (soft-key rows).
7Use the UP or DOWN arrow key to move between fields within a form or menu items (parameters) within a
menu.

ND 280 Rear Panel
X1
X32/X31
1
2
3
Connections
1Power switch
2Power connection with fuse
3Ground (protective earthing)
X1 for a HEIDENHAIN encoder with 11 µApp, 1 Vpp or EnDat 2.1/2.2 interface
X32/X31 Two serial ports for data transfer: RS-232-C/V.24 (X31) and USB Type B (UART, X32)

ND 280 5
Introduction
Introduction
Software version
The software version is shown on the power-up screen of the ND 280.
Symbols within notes
Every note is marked with a symbol on the left indicating to the
operator the type and/or potential severity of the note.
Fonts
The chart below shows how the different variables (soft keys, hard
keys, forms and form fields) are represented within the text of this
manual:
Soft keys – SETUP soft key
Hard keys – ENTER hard key
Menus and forms – UNITS OF MEASURE form
Parameters and input fields – ANGULAR field
Data in fields - ON, OFF
This manual describes the functions that are available in
the ND 280 and the installation of the units.
General information
e. g. on the behavior of the ND 280.
Refer to accompanying documents
e.g. when a special tool is required for a function.
Danger to the operator, workpiece or internal
components
e.g. danger of collision
Electrical hazard
e. g. danger of electrical shock when opening a housing.
The ND 280 must be prepared by a qualified and
authorized technician to perform this function.

ND 280 7
I – 1 ND 280 Position Display Unit ..... 14
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning ..... 15
Datums ..... 15
Actual position, nominal position and distance-to-go ..... 16
Absolute workpiece positions ..... 17
Incremental workpiece positions ..... 17
Incremental position encoders ..... 18
Absolute position encoders ..... 18
Reference marks ..... 19
I – 3 Basic Functions of the ND 280 ..... 20
Switching on the ND 280 ..... 20
Reference mark evaluation ..... 21
Working without reference mark evaluation ..... 21
Switching off the ND 280 ..... 21
Standard screen layout ..... 22
Soft-key functions on the standard screen ..... 23
Data input ..... 24
Integrated help system ..... 25
Data input forms ..... 26
Instruction box messages ..... 26
Error messages ..... 26
I Working with the ND 280 Position Display Unit ..... 13

8
I – 4 Job Setup ..... 27
Operating modes ..... 27
Datum setting ..... 28
Setting the display value for one axis ..... 28
Calling the JOB SETUP menu ..... 29
Unit of measure ..... 30
Scaling factor ..... 31
Value for datum point ..... 32
Stopwatch ..... 32
Console adjustment ..... 33
Language ..... 33
I – 5 Error messages ..... 34
Overview ..... 34

ND 280 9
II – 1 Installation and Electrical Connection ..... 36
Items supplied ..... 36
Optional accessories ..... 36
Mounting ..... 37
Environmental conditions ..... 37
Mounting location ..... 37
ND 280 – Mounting and installation ..... 37
Electromagnetic compatibility/
CE compliance ..... 38
Electrical connection ..... 39
Electrical requirements ..... 39
Wiring the power connector ..... 39
Grounding ..... 39
Preventative maintenance or repair ..... 40
Connecting the encoders ..... 40
D-sub connection X1 (15-pin, female) for the following input signals ..... 40
II – 2 Installation Setup ..... 42
INSTALLATION SETUP menu ..... 42
Setting up the encoder ..... 44
Incremental linear encoder ..... 45
Incremental angle encoder ..... 46
Absolute encoder ..... 47
Configuring the display ..... 47
Linear encoder ..... 47
Angle encoder ..... 47
Counter settings ..... 48
Error compensation ..... 49
Linear error compensation (not for rotary encoders) ..... 50
Non-linear error compensation ..... 51
Setting up the serial port ..... 55
Setting up the data interface ..... 55
Diagnostics ..... 57
Keypad test ..... 57
Display test ..... 57
Encoder test ..... 58
Power supply ..... 60
II Inbetriebnahme, Technische Daten ..... 63

10
II – 3 Encoder Parameters ..... 61
Table values ..... 61
HEIDENHAIN linear encoders ..... 61
HEIDENHAIN angle encoders ..... 62
II – 4 Data Interface ..... 63
Data communication ..... 63
Serial data transfer with the Import or Export function ..... 64
Data transfer from the ND 280 to a printer ..... 64
Data transfer from the ND 280 to a PC ..... 64
Importing data into the ND 280 from a PC ..... 65
Data format ..... 65
Control characters ..... 65
Software update (firmware update) installation ..... 66
Wiring the connecting cable ..... 67
USB Type B (UART), socket as per IEC 61076-3-108 ..... 68
External operation via RS-232-C/V. 24 or USB interface ..... 69
Key commands ..... 69
Description of key commands ..... 70
Key is pressed (TXXXX commands) ..... 71
Output of screen contents (AXXXX commands) ..... 71
Execute function (FXXXX commands) ..... 75
Execute special function (SXXXX commands) ..... 75
II – 5 Measured Value Output ..... 76
Alternatives for starting measured value output ..... 76
Measured-value output via the serial data interface X31 or X32 ..... 76
Propagation times ..... 77
Duration of measured value transfer ..... 78
Example: Data sequence during measured-value output ..... 78

ND 280 11
II – 6 Input and Output of Parameter List and Error Compensation Table ..... 79
Text file ..... 79
Output format of the parameter list ..... 80
First line ..... 80
Second line ..... 80
Subsequent lines for the individual parameters ..... 80
Last line ..... 80
Example for a parameter list ..... 81
ND 280 with rotary encoder connected to input X1 ..... 81
Output format of the error compensation table ..... 83
First line ..... 83
Second line ..... 83
Third line ..... 83
Fourth line ..... 84
Fifth line ..... 84
Sixth line ..... 85
Subsequent lines for further compensation values ..... 85
Last line ..... 85
Examples of error compensation tables ..... 86
ND 280 with linear encoder connected to input X1 ..... 86
II – 7 Specifications ..... 88
ND 280 ..... 88
II – 8 Dimensions ..... 90
ND 280 ..... 90
II – 9 Accessories ..... 91
ID numbers for accessories ..... 91
Mounting base for installation in 19-inch electrical cabinet ..... 92

12

13
Working with
the ND 280 Position
Display Unit

14 I Working with the ND 280 Position Display Unit
I – 1 ND 280 Position Display Unit
I – 1 ND 280 Position Display Unit
The ND 280 position display unit from HEIDENHAIN is designed for
measuring devices, adjustment and testing equipment, automated
tasks, as well as infeed and positioning tasks with one axis that can
be moved manually.
A HEIDENHAIN linear/angular/rotary encoder or a length gauge with
11 µApp, 1 Vpp or EnDat 2.1/2.2 interface can be connected to the
ND 280.
The following functions are available on the ND 280:
Multilingual user guidance: Language can be selected by the user
REF reference-mark evaluation for distance-coded or single
reference marks
Length and angle display
Distance-To-Go or Actual Value operating mode
Two datums
Scale factor
Stopwatch
Reset or Preset function
Linear or non-linear error compensation for axis-error
compensation
There are two serial ports for transmitting measured values,
compensation values or configuration parameters to a PC or printer:
The data can be transferred via the RS 232-C/V.24 or the USB Type
B (UART) interface. It is also possible to download software via the
serial interface.
Diagnostic functions for testing the encoder, the keyboard, the
screen and the supply voltage
The integrated help system provides information and assistance in
any situation.
Fig. I.1 ND 280

15
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
Datums
The workpiece drawing identifies a certain point on the workpiece
(usually a corner) as the absolute datum and perhaps one or more
other points as relative datums.
The datum setting procedure establishes these points as the origin of
the absolute or relative coordinate systems. The workpiece, which is
aligned with the machine axes, is moved to a certain position relative
to the length gauge and the display is set either to zero or to another
appropriate value.
Fig. I.2 Length gauge without datum setting:
Unknown assignment of measured values
to positions
Fig. I.3 Length gauge with datum setting: Known
assignment of measured values to positions
?
Z
?
?
?
?
0
Z
10
20
30
40

16 I Working with the ND 280 Position Display Unit
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
Actual position, nominal position and
distance-to-go
The position of the length gauge at any given moment is called the
actual position, while the position that the length gauge is to move
to is called the nominal position. The distance from the nominal
position to the actual position is called the distance-to-go (see Fig.
I.4).
Fig. I.4 Nominal position S, actual position Iand
distance-to-go R
R
I
S

17
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
Absolute workpiece positions
Each position on the workpiece is uniquely identified by its absolute
coordinates (see Fig. I.5).
Example: Absolute coordinates of position 1: Z = 20 mm
If you are drilling or milling a workpiece according to a workpiece
drawing with absolute coordinates, you are moving the tool or length
gauge to the value of the coordinates.
Incremental workpiece positions
A position can also be referenced to the preceding nominal position.
For this, the relative datum must be set to the preceding nominal
position. Such coordinates are referred to as incremental
coordinates (increment = increase). They are also called incremental
or chain dimensions (since the positions are defined as a chain of
dimensions). Incremental coordinates are identified by a preceding I.
Example: Incremental coordinate of position 3referenced to position
2 see Fig. I.6.
Absolute coordinate of position 2: Z = 10 mm
Incremental coordinates of position 3: IZ = 10 mm
If you are drilling or milling a workpiece according to a workpiece
drawing with incremental coordinates, you are moving the tool or
length gauge by the value of the coordinates.
Fig. I.5 Position 1: definition through absolute
coordinates
0
20 1
Fig. I.6 Position 3: definition through incremental
coordinates
0
10
10
2
3

18 I Working with the ND 280 Position Display Unit
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
Incremental position encoders
Incremental linear and rotary encoders from HEIDENHAIN convert the
movements of, for example, a length gauge into electrical signals. A
position display unit, such as the ND 280, constantly evaluates these
signals and calculates the actual positions of the length gauge, which
it displays as a numerical value on the screen.
If there is a power interruption, the calculated position will no longer
correspond to the actual position of the length gauge. When power is
restored, you can re-establish this relationship with the aid of the
reference marks on the position encoders and the ND 280's reference
mark evaluation feature.
Absolute position encoders
Absolute linear and rotary encoders from HEIDENHAIN transmit the
absolute position value to the position display unit immediately after
switch-on. This way the assignment of the actual position to the
position of, for example, a length gauge is re-established directly after
switch-on.
The encoder reads the absolute position information directly from the
scale graduation (see Fig. I.8), and transmits it serially to the position
display unit via the bidirectional EnDat 2.1/2.2 interface.
Fig. I.7 Linear position encoder, here for the X axis
Y
X
Z
Fig. I.8 Scale grating for absolute position encoders

19
I – 2 Fundamentals of Positioning
Reference marks
Encoders normally contain one or more reference marks (see Fig. I.9)
which the ND 280's reference mark evaluation feature uses to re-
establish datum positions after a power interruption. There are two
main options available for reference marks: fixed and distance-coded.
Encoders with distance-coded reference marks have marks
separated by a specific encryption pattern that allows the ND 280 to
use any two pair of marks along the length of the encoder to re-
establish the prior datums. This configuration means that the operator
only has to travel a very short distance, anywhere along the encoder,
to re-establish the datums when the ND 280 is turned back on.
Encoders with fixed reference marks have one or more marks on
fixed intervals. To re-establish the datums correctly, it is necessary to
use the same exact reference mark, during the reference mark
evaluation routine, that was used when the datum was first
established.
Fig. I.9 Linear scales – with distance-coded
reference marks (upper illustration) and one
reference mark (lower illustration)
Danger to workpiece!
The established datums cannot be restored from one
power cycle to the next if the reference marks were not
crossed before the datums were set.

20 I Working with the ND 280 Position Display Unit
I – 3 Basic Functions of the ND 280
I – 3 Basic Functions of the ND 280
Switching on the ND 280
Switch on the ND 280. The power switch is located
on the back of the ND. After switching the ND 280 on,
or after a power failure, the power-up screen will
appear (see Fig. I.10). The green LED on the front
panel lights up. The power-up screen shows the
position display unit model as well as the ID and
version number of the currently installed software.
Press the LANGUAGE soft key if you want to change the
conversational language (see Fig. I.11). Press ENTER to confirm your
selection.
Press the HELP soft key to call the integrated help system.
Press any key to call the standard screen.
Your ND 280 is now ready for operation in the Actual Value operating
mode. If an incremental encoder is connected to the ND, the REF
symbol is flashing. At this point the reference mark evaluation should
be completed (see "Reference mark evaluation" on page 21).
If an absolute encoder is connected to the ND, the encoder
automatically transmits the absolute position value to the position
display unit.
Fig. I.10 Power-up screen
Fig. I.11 Selecting the language
If necessary, you can change the language later, see
"Language" on page 33.
To update your software version (firmware version), see
"Software update (firmware update) installation" on page
66.
The idle time after which the ND activates the screen
saver can be defined (factory default setting: 120 min,
see "Console adjustment" on page 33). The red LED on
the front panel lights up. To reactivate the screen, press
any key or move the encoder.
You can deactivate the power-up screen in order to
display the standard screen immediately after power up
(see "Counter settings" on page 48).