Hioki HITESTER 3184 User manual

XXXX･XXXX Instruction Manual
XXXXXXX(形名末尾にあわせて位置移動）
EN
3184
DIGITAL POWER HiTESTER
Instruction Manual
Oct. 1996 Revised edition 2
3184A981-02 96-10H

Contents
Introduction i
Inspection i
Safety Notes ii
Notes on Use iv
Chapter 1 Overview 1
1.1 Features 1
1.2 Names and Functions of Parts 2
Chapter 2 Specifications 7
2.1 General Specifications 7
Chapter 3 Basic Operating Principle 9
3.1 Active Power Measurements 9
3.2 Voltage and Current Measurements 10
3.3 Crest-Factor 11
Chapter 4 Operating Instructions 13
4.1 Operating Procedure 13
Chapter 5 3184-02 GP-IB Specifications 17
5.1 Outline 17
5.2 Interface Specifications 18
5.3 Panel Description 19
5.4 Talker Function 20
5.5 Listener Functions 21
5.6 Service Requests 23
5.7 Usage Precautions 24
5.8 Sample Programs 25
Chapter 6 Maintenance and Service 29
6.1 Fuse Replacement 29
6.2 Service 30

i
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Inspection
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
I
ntroduction
I
nspection
Thank you for purchasing this HIOKI "3184 DIGITAL
POWER HiTESTER." To get the maximum performance
from the unit, please read this manual first, and keep
this at hand.
When the unit is delivered, check and make sure that it
has not been damaged in transit. In particular, check the
accessories, panel switches, and connectors.
If the unit is damaged, or fails to operate according to the
specifications, contact your dealer or HIOKI
representative.
Accessories
Fuse M0.5 A/250 V 1
(20×5.2 dia. mm arc-quencing midget)
Power cord 1
Instruction Manual 1

ii
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Safety Notes
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
WARNIN
G
Incorrect measurement procedures could result in
injury or death, as well as damage to the equipment.
Please read this manual carefully and be sure that
you understand its contents before using the
equipment. The manufacturer disclaims all
responsibility for any accident or injury except that
resulting due to defect in its product.
In the manual, this mark indicates explanations
which it is particularly important that the user read
before using the equipment.
S
afety Notes
This Instruction Manual provides information and
warnings essential for operating this equipment in a safe
manner and for maintaining it in safe operating
condition. Before using this equipment, be sure to
carefully read the following safety notes.
Safety symbols

iii
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Safety Notes
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
DANGE
R
Indicates that incorrect operation presents extreme
danger of accident resulting in death or serious
injury to the user.
WARNIN
G
Indicates that incorrect operation presents
significant danger of accident resulting in death or
serious injury to the user.
CAUTIO
N
Indicates that incorrect operation presents
possibility of injury to the user or damage to the
equipment.
NOTE Denotes items of advice related to performance of
the equipment or to its correct operation.
The following symbols are used in this Instruction
Manual to indicate the relative importance of cautions
and warnings.

iv
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Notes on Use
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
DANGE
R
Always connect the voltage cable to the secondary
side of a breaker. On the secondary side of a
breaker, even if the lines are shorted the breaker
can trip and prevent an accident. On the primary
side, however, the current capacity may be large,
and in the event of a short-circuit there may be a
serious accident.
This unit cannot be used on voltage lines of 500
Vrms. If the voltage exceeds 500 VAC, there will be
a short-circuit accident or an electrocution accident
.
WARNIN
G
Be sure to connect the voltage input terminals and
current input terminals correctly. Measurement
which is attempted with the wiring connected
incorrectly may cause damage to the unit or a
short-circuit.
To prevent an electric shock and a short-circuit
accidents, shut off the power to the line to be
measured before connecting the load to the
terminals.
To avoid electric shock when replacing the fuse,
turn the power switch off, disconnect the power
code from the connector, and remove the input
cable from the object to be measured.
M0.5 A/250 V 20 mm×5.2 mm dia.
N
otes on Use
In order to ensure safe operation and to obtain maximum
performance from the unit, observe the cautions listed
below.

v
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Notes on Use
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
WARNIN
G
Only use fuses of the specified type that is rated for
the specified current and voltage. Using a fuse that
does not meet the specifications or shorting the fuse
holder may cause an accident that might result in
injury or death.
CAUTIO
N
･Do not store or use the unit where it will be exposed to
direct sunlight, high temperatures, high humidity, or
condensation. If exposed to such conditions, the unit
may be damaged, the insulation may deteriorate, and
the unit may no longer satisfy its specifications.
･To avoid electric shock, the wiring which is used for
making the connections to the current input terminals
should have sufficient current carrying capacity and
insulation.
･To avoid damage to the unit, do not short the analog
output terminal and the GP-IB connector terminal and
do not input voltage to them.
･To avoid damage to the unit, do not subject the
equipment to vibrations or shocks during transport or
handling. Be especially careful to avoid dropping the
equipment.
･Before using the unit, make sure that the sheathing on
the leads is not damaged and that no bare wire is
exposed. If there is damage, using the unit could
cause electric shock.

vi
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Notes on Use
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
NOTE ･Accurate measurement may be impossible in locations
subject to strong external magnetic fields, such as
transformers and high-current conductors, or in locations
subject to strong external electric fields, such as radio
transmission equipment.
･When a measuring device such as a recorder or voltmeter
is connected to the analog output terminals, there is a
possibility of oscillatioin due to the input capacitance of
the measuring device.
If such oscillation occurs, insert a resistor (100 ohms or
thereabouts) in series between the analog output
terminals and the measuring device.

1
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Chapter
1
Overvie
w
1
.1 Features
The 3184 is a 3-phase power meter designed to measure
voltage, current, and power in single-or-3-phase circuits.
The meter’s internal circuit converts voltage and current
measurements to true rms value, giving it the capability
to accurately measure the special waveforms produced by
thyristors and other semiconductor switching devices.
The basic instrument is provided with an analog output
terminal, and models are available equipped with and
GP-IB interface (3184-02).
(1) Voltage, current, single-and 3-phase power measurement
capability
(2) Voltage and current quantified as true rms values
(3) Good frequency response characteristics
(4) Minimum metering losses
(5) Overvoltage, overcurrent warning indicators provided
(6) Analog outputs provided for power and selected function
(7) Optional models with GP-IB interface capability available
(8) Lightweight, compact

2
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Front Panel
Rear Panel
1
.2 Names and Functions of Parts

3
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
V rang
e
A range Lo (200 V) Hi (500 V)
Lo (2 A) 0.2 kW 2kW
Hi (20 A) 2kW 20 kW
POWER switch
Always turn the power switch ON before a measurement.
Allow the instrument approximately 5 minutes of warm-
up.
Display panel
3-1/2 digits LED display with a maximum display
capability of 1999. Measurement unit annunciators are
coupled to function switch operation, with the
measurement value of V 12 to W, and the unit displayed.
At power ON, the display reading is 0000, and an
overrange input is indicated by "1" in the MSD column,
with all other digits blanked. OVER V and OVER A are
the overvoltage and overcurrent warning indicators.
These light when peak-value of the input exceeds the
crest-factor of the meter circuit. The REMOTE lamp is
functional only when the instrument is used in a optional
automatic measurement system, and lights to indicate
that function and range settings are under remote-control.
Function switches (V12,V
32,A
1,A
3,W)
Used to select the display function. At power ON, the
non-select state is entered automatically. When selection
is made, the selected function switch LED lights.
Range switches (500V/200V, 20A/2A)
Selects the range for voltage and current measurements.
At power ON, both ranges are set to Lo (indicator OFF).
Range switch Hi Lo changes each time the button is
pressed. The range for power measurements is a
combination of voltage and current range settings,
determined as follows.

4
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
CAUTIO
N
To avoid damage to the unit, do not short the output
terminal and do not input voltage to the output terminal.
Output stabilit
y
Tim
e
Output
voltage
Input applie
d
Output Terminals
Output is a DC voltage value equivalent to the
measurement value (2 VDC/f.s.).
CH1: Power only (continually outputs regardless of
selected function).
CH2: Outputs the value for the displayed function.
The response waveform for analog output appears as
follows.
Voltage, current: T ≒1.2 s (when input is 95 % of full-
scale)
Power: T ≒1.4 s (when input is 95 % of full-scale)
These figures are also applicable when function or range
changes are made.

5
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
CAUTIO
N
The handle can be used as a stand to incline the
instrument. Force should not be applied to the
instrument from above when using it in this manner.
Measurement Terminal Board
The rear panel terminal board is used to connect the
device under test with the power source. Connection
cables should have sufficient capacity ratings, and be
connected securely (and neatly) to avoid accidental short-
circuits.
Fuse Holder
The instrument takes a 0.5 A/250 V arc-quencing, midget
type fuse. Unplug the power cord when changing the
fuse.
AC Inlet
This receptacle is used to connect the instrument to the
AC power supply (AC mains). Use the power cord
provided with the instrument. The power source rating
for your particular instrument is marked in the table
above the fuse holder. Make sure that this rating agrees
with the power source being used.
Handle
As shown in figure on the next page, the handle may be
rotate by sliding the grip at the sides of the handle in the
direction of the SLIDE TO ROTATE arrow. When the
proper position has been attained, push the slide in the
LOCK arrow direction. The handle may be set at 30。
detents to fix it in position.

6
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Chapter 1 Overview
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
S
L
I
D
E
T
O
R
O
T
A
T
E
Handle

7
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Chapter 2 Specifications
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Measurement
functions AC voltage, AC current (true rms), single-and
3-phase active (real) power
Measurement range V12,V32 200 V/500 V
A1,A3 2 A/20 A
W 0.2 kW/2 kW/20 kW
Maximum display
value V12,V32 199.9 V/500 V
A1,A3 1.999 A/19.99 A
W .1999 kW/1.999 kW/19.99 kW
Crest factor V12,V32 2 or less at full-scale
A1,A3 2 or less at full-scale
W Same as voltage and current
Meter losses (typical
values, at 55 Hz) V12,V32 0.017 VA at 200 V, 0.12 VA at 500 V
A1,A3 0.012 VA at 2 A, 1.3 VA at 20 A
Maximum allowable
input (continuous) V12,V32 600V
A1,A3 30 A
Display 3-1/2 digit LED display (1999 max)
Sampling rate Approximately 2.5 samples-per-second
Accuracy
(23。 ±5。 , 50/60 Hz) V12,V32 ±0.5% rdg. ±6 dgt.
A1,A3 ±0.5% rdg. ±6 dgt.
W ±0.5% rdg. ±6 dgt. (power-factor=1.0
)
Frequency response V12,V32 within ±0.5% rdg., 40 Hz to 1 kHz
A1,A3 within ±0.5% rdg., 40 Hz to 1 kHz
(≦18 A)
within ±0.5% rdg., 45 Hz to 1 kHz
(＞18 A)
Chapter
2
Specification
s
2
.1 General Specifications

8
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Chapter 2 Specifications
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Frequency response W within ±1.0% rdg., 40 Hz to 1 kHz
(When current input ≦18 A, and
power-factor = 1.0)
within ±1.0% rdg., 45 Hz to 1 kHz
(When current input ＞18 A, and
power-factor = 1.0)
Affect of power facto
r
on accuracy
(50/60 Hz)
0.2 kW range within ±1.0% rdg.,
power factor=0.5
2 kW range within ±0.8% rdg.,
power factor=0.5
20 kW range within ±0.8% rdg.,
power factor=0.5
Temperature
characteristics Within ±2.0% rdg. at 0 to 40°
Analog output CH1 power only (continual output), 2 VDC/f.s
.
CH2 selected function, 2 VDC/f.s.
Dielectric strength 2.2 kVAC/1 min (between input terminals and
case), 1.5 kVAC/1 min (between power
terminals and case)
Rated supply voltage 100/120/220/240 VAC (specify one) 50/60 Hz
(voltage fluctuations of ±15% from the rated
supply voltage are taken into account)
Affect of power
source voltage Accuracy of above specifications assured within
specified power source range.
Rated power Approximately 5.5 W at 100 V, 60 Hz (7 VA
approximately) (3184-02: approximately 9.5 W
(11 VA approx.))
Dimensions 250 (W) ×85 (H) ×220 (D) mm
Mass 2.9 kg (3184-02: 3.0 kg)
Accessories Fuse (M0.5 A/250 V arc-quencing midget 20 mm
×5.2 mm dia.) ×1
Power cord ×1
Instruction manual ×1
Options 9084 CARRYING CASE
9149 CARRYING CASE

9
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Chapter 3 Basic Operating Principle
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Multiplie
r
Selector
s
Rms
converte
r
A/D
converte
r
Displa
y
Auto-zer
o
Control
Panel switch contro
l
Analog output (CH1
)
Low
-
pass
filte
r
Amplifie
r
Amplifie
r
Amplifie
r
Multiplie
r
Auto-zer
o
Analog output (CH2
)
PT
P
T
C
T
CT
V
12
V
32
A
1
A
3
Figure 3.1-1 Circuit Block Diagram
Chapter
3
Basic Operatin
g
Princip
le
3
.1 Active Power Measurements
A block diagram of the various circuits contained in the
3184 is shown in Figure 3.1-1. As shown in the figure,
supply voltage and current of the device under test is
sensed by the PT and CT respectively. These values are
converted to a 2 V/f.s. signal for application to the
multipliers where power is calculated.

10
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Chapter 3 Basic Operating Principle
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Figure 3.1-2
Voltage-Current Waveforms
Figure 3.1-3
Power Conversion Waveform
3
.2 Voltage and Current Measurements
The DC component of the calculated waveform is
proportional to active power. Output is obtained by
extracting this DC component and adjusting it to a 2
VDC/f.s. level.
In conventional measuring instruments, the method of
measuring an AC signal is to sense its average value,
then make the necessary calculations to convert it to an
rms value. However, using this method does not account
for waveform distortion, or non-true sine waves, normally
resulting in an inaccurate measurement. These
instruments use special rms converters that work by
sampling the instantaneous value of the signal, and thus
produce a true rms reading of the signal.