Hioki 3157 User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
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3157
3157-01
品名を入力。
AC GROUNDING
HiTESTER
August 2012 Revised edition 16 3157A981-16 12-08H
99 Washington Street
Melrose, MA 02176
Phone [phone]
Toll Free 1-800-517-8431
Visit us at www.TestEquipmentDepot.com

Contents
Introduction i
Inspection i
Safety Notes ii
Notes on Use iv
Contents and Indications of this Manual vi
Chapter 1 Overview 1
1.1 Product Introduction 1
1.2 Features of the 3157 2
1.3 Names and Functions of Parts 3
Chapter 2 Testing Arrangements 9
2.1 Power Cord Connection 9
2.2 Powering on and off the Unit 10
2.3 Probe Connection 11
2.4 Short Bar Connection 12
2.5 Connecting the REMOTE CONTROL BOX 13
2.6 Installation Site and Position 14
2.7 Connection to the Measured Object 15
2.8 Connection to the 3155 LEAK CURRENT HiTESTER 16
2.9 Pre-operation Inspection 17
Chapter 3 Testing Method 19
3.1 Procedural Flow for Testing and Setting Parameters 20
3.2 Making Testing Arrangements (in READY State) 22
3.2.1 Setting Output Current Values 23
3.2.2 Setting the Maximum (Minimum) Test Value 23
3.2.3 Setting the Testing Time 24
3.2.4 Setting the Output Current Frequency
(in READY State) 25
3.2.5 Setting the Test Data Count (in READY State) 25
3.3 Initial Settings for Optional Functions 26
3.4 Zero Adjustment Function 27
3.5 Key-lock Function 28
3.6 Examples of Settings 29
3.7 Starting a Test 31
3.8 Testing (in TEST State) 34
3.9 Screening (in PASS State) 35
3.10 Screening (in FAIL State) 36
Chapter 4 Optional Functions 37
4.1 Switching the Output Current Frequency 40
4.2 PASS/FAIL Hold Function 41
4.3 HOLD Function 42
4.4 Setting the Minimum Test Value 44

4.5 Endless Timer Function 45
4.6 Test Data Count Function 46
4.7 Buzzer Setting 47
4.8 Changing the Current Value in TEST State 48
4.9 Momentary OUT 49
4.9.1 Trigger Operation with Switching Probe 50
4.9.2 Momentary OUT Operation with Switching Probe 52
4.10 Setting the Test Mode 55
4.10.1 Soft Start Mode 55
4.10.2 Normal Mode 57
4.10.3 Continuous Test Mode 58
4.11 Printer Output 60
4.12 Example of Optional Function Settings 62
4.13 Example of Optional Functions Use 64
Chapter 5 Saving/loading Preset Values 67
5.1 Saving Preset Values 67
5.1.1 Procedure for Saving Data 68
5.1.2 Example of Saving 69
5.2 Loading Preset Values 71
5.2.1 Procedure for Loading Data 72
5.2.2 Example of Loading 73
Chapter 6 External I/O 75
6.1 Signal Line 76
6.2 Timing Chart of External I/O Terminal 80
Chapter 7 Maintenance, Inspection and Ultimate Disposal 83
7.1 Maintenance and Inspection 83
7.2 Fuse Replacement 84
7.3 Troubleshooting 85
7.4 Displaying Errors 85
7.5 Resetting the System 86
7.6 Ultimate Disposal (Removal of the Lithium Battery) 87
7.7 External Dimensions 88
Chapter 8 Specifications 89
8.1 Basic Specifications 89
8.2 General Specifications 91
Appendix APPENDIX1
Appendix 1 Options APPENDIX1
Appendix 1.1 9442 PRINTER APPENDIX1
Appendix 1.2 Probe APPENDIX2
Appendix 1.3 9613 REMOTE CONTROL BOX (SINGLE) APPENDIX2
Appendix 1.4 9614 REMOTE CONTROL BOX (DUAL) APPENDIX3
Appendix 1.5 Interface Board APPENDIX3
Appendix 2 Table of Optional Functions APPENDIX4
Appendix 3 Standards APPENDIX5
Index INDEX 1

i
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Introduction
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NOTE
Introduction
Inspection
Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI "3157 AC GROUNDING HiTESTER". To
obtain maximum performance from the product, please read this manual first, and
keep it handy for future reference.
When you receive the product, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage
occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories,and connectors. If
damage is evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact
your dealer or Hioki representative.
Checking the main unit and accessories
Main unit
"3157 AC GROUNDING HiTESTER"
Accessories
Verify that the following standard accessories are complete.
(1) Instruction Manual
(2) Spare fuse (built into the power inlet)
(3) Grounded three-core power cord
(4) Short bar (installed between the SOURCE and SENSE terminals) ×2
The 9296 CURRENT PROBE and 9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE are not
included. Please purchase separately according to your needs.
Shipment of the unit
Use the original packing materials when reshipping the product, if possible.
Warranty
HIOKI cannot be responsible for losses caused either directly or indirectly by the
use of the 3157 with other equipment, or if ownership is transferred to a third party.

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Safety Notes
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･The symbol printed on the product indicates that the user
should refer to a corresponding topic in the manual (marked with
the symbol) before using the relevant function.
･In the manual, the symbol indicates particularly important
information that the user should read before using the product.
Indicates a fuse.
Indicates AC (Alternating Current).
Indicates both DC (Direct Current) and AC (Alternating Current).
Indicates the ON side of the power switch.
Indicates the OFF side of the power switch.
DANGER Indicates that incorrect operation presents an extreme hazard that
could result in serious injury or death to the user.
WARNING Indicates that incorrect operation presents a significant hazard that
could result in serious injury or death to the user.
CAUTION
Indicates that incorrect operation presents a possibility of injury to
the user or damage to the product.
NOTE Advisory items related to performance or correct operation of the
product.
Safety Notes
DANGER This product is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards,
and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However,
mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as
damage to the product. Using the product in a way not described in
this manual may negate the provided safety features.
Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the
manual before use. We disclaim any responsibility for accidents or
injuries not resulting directly from product defects.
This manual contains information and warnings essential for safe operation of the
product and for maintaining it in safe operating condition. Before using the product,
be sure to carefully read the following safety notes.
Safety symbols
The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative importance of cautions
and warnings.

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Safety Notes
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CAT II Primary electrical circuits in equipment connected to an AC electrical
outlet by a power cord (portable tools, household appliances, etc.)
CAT II covers directly measuring electrical outlet receptacles.
CAT III Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed installations)
connected directly to the distribution panel, and feeders from the
distribution panel to outlets.
CAT IV The circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the power
meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel).
We define measurement tolerances in terms of rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values,
with the following meanings:
rdg. (displayed or indicated value)
The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring product.
dgt. (resolution)
The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring product, i.e., the input value
that causes the digital display to show a "1".
Measurement categories
To ensure safe operation of measurement product, IEC 61010 establishes safety
standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT II to CAT IV, and
called measurement categories.
Using a measurement product in an environment designated with a higher-numbered
category than that for which the product is rated could result in a severe accident,
and must be carefully avoided.
Use of a measurement instrument that is not CAT-rated in CAT II to CAT IV
measurement applications could result in a severe accident, and must be carefully
avoided.

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Notes on Use
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WARNING Before turning the product on, make sure the source voltage
matches that indicated on the product's power connector.
Connection to an improper supply voltage may damage the product
and present an electrical hazard.
To avoid electrical accidents and to maintain the safety specifications
of this instrument, connect the power cord provided only to a 3-
contact (two-conductor + ground) outlet.
To avoid electric shock, do not remove the cover panel. The internal
components of the product carry high voltages and may become very
hot during operation.
To avoid electric shock, do not allow the product to get wet, and do
not use it when your hands are wet.
Replace the fuse only with one of the specified characteristics and
voltage and current ratings. Using a non-specified fuse or shorting
the fuse holder may cause a life-threatening hazard.
(Fuse type: 250 V T3.15 AL)
To avoid electric shock when measuring live lines, wear appropriate
protective gear, such as insulated rubber gloves, boots and a safety
helmet.
Notes on Use
Follow these precautions to ensure safe operation and to obtain the full benefits of
the various functions.

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Notes on Use
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CAUTION ･Before using the product, make sure that the insulation on the
probes(9296 or 9297) is undamaged and that no bare conductors are
improperly exposed. Using the product in such conditions could cause an
electric shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative for repair.
･For safety reasons, only use the optional 9296 or 9297 probe for
measurement.
･This product should be installed and operated indoors only, between 0
and 40 and 90%RH max.
･Do not store or use the product where it could be exposed to direct
sunlight, high temperature or humidity, or condensation. Under such
conditions, the product may be damaged and insulation may deteriorate
so that it no longer meets specifications.
･To avoid electrocution, turn off the power to all devices before plugging or
unplugging any of the interface connectors.
･To avoid damaging the output cable, grasp the connector, not the cable,
when unplugging the cable from the product.
･To avoid damaging probes (especially where the leads connect to the
probes), do not kink or pull on the leads.
･Keep in mind that, in some cases, conductors to be measured may be
hot.
･Avoid obstructing the ventilation holes on the sides of the 3157, as it could
overheat and be damaged, or cause a fire.
･To avoid damage to the product, protect it from vibration or shock during
transport and handling, and be especially careful to avoid dropping.
･Do not insert a board other than optional interface boards into the
Interface slot. The unit software or calibration data may be lost.
･In the event that the equipment malfunctions in any manner during use,
turn off the power immediately, and contact your dealer or HIOKI
representative.
NOTE ･Do not use the product near a device that generates a strong electromagnetic field
or electrostatic charge, as these may cause erroneous measurements.
･This product may cause interference if used in residential areas. Such use
must be avoided unless the user takes special measures to reduce
electromagnetic emissions to prevent interference to the reception of radio
and television broadcasts.

vi
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Contents and Indications of this Manual
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Contents and Indications of this Manual
Chapter 1: Overview
Describes an overview, features, and the names and functions of the
parts of the unit.
Chapter 2: Testing Arrangements
Describes particulars of testing arrangements.
Chapter 3: Testing Method
Describes procedures for setting, testing, and test results judgement.
Chapter 4: Optional Functions
Describes procedures for setting optional functions.
Chapter 5: Saving/loading Preset Values
Describes procedure for saving and loading test values.
Chapter 6: External I/O
Describes use of the external I/O.
Chapter 7: Maintenance, Inspection and Ultimate Disposal
Covers the maintenance and inspection, fuse replacement, and ultimate
disposal.
Chapter 8: Specifications
Contains the unit specifications such as the general specifications,
measurement accuracy, etc. of the unit.
Appendix:
Covers the options of the unit and standards.
Indications in the Instruction Manual
Indicates that settings can be made for optional functions.For more information, see
Chapter 4, "Optional Functions."
In this Instruction Manual, the flashing area of the screen is represented in reverse
mode.
In this figure, for example, the current value of 25.0 A flashes.

1
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1.1 Product Introduction
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Chapter 1
Overview
1.1 Product Introduction
The HIOKI "3157 AC GROUNDING HiTESTER" is designed for protection circuit
testing of a wide range of electrical equipment, including industrial machinery,
medical equipment, and measuring instruments.
Using a constant current system, the HIOKI 3157 provides stable output current.
The unit is capable of accurate four-terminal measurement. The comparator
function, timer function, and screening function permit simple testing, conforming
to technical standards and regulations.

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1.2 Features of the 3157
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1.2 Features of the 3157
(1) Simple testing procedures conforming to technical standards
This unit incorporates a constant current method to provide stable output current.
Voltage drop is measured with four terminals. The 3157 is also equipped with a
function timer and a screening function, using maximum and minimum values,
allowing straightforward testing in conformance with applicable technical standards.
(2) Test data counting function
This function enables test point counting for measured objects that have large
numbers of test points.
(3) Soft-start function
By constantly monitoring current fluctuations, this function checks that the probe is
connected to the measured object. The function also prevents sparking when the
probe is connected to a test point after measurement begins.
(4) Compact and lightweight
With a compact lightweight design, the unit is highly portable and well-suited to
maintenance measurement.
(5) Fluorescent indicator
The large, easy-to-read fluorescent display permits quick checking of the testing
state and result.
(6) Probe
The 3157 is equipped with an alligator-clip probe (the 9296 CURRENT
PROBE) and a switching probe (the 9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE).
To improve testing efficiency, the push switch on the switching probe
starts testing and inactivates result-checking mode.
(7) Saving testing set values
This unit is provided with a function for saving the set values used in a test,
allowing quick switching between different testing set values to meet a variety of
standards and regulations. Up to 20 values may be saved.
(8) Interface
By using the optional 9593-02 RS-232C and 9518-02 GP-IB INTERFACE boards,
the user can perform automatic testing and save the test results by means of a PC.
Test results can be printed on the optional 9442 PRINTER. Connecting with the
optional 3155 LEAK CURRENT HiTESTER enables testing and the test results can
be saved and printed together with the 3155 leakage current test results.
(9) External I/O
The external I/O terminal generates signals according to the state of the 3157.
It can be used to feed signals for the start and stop key.

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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
Front panel
Current output terminal
Providing current during a test, this terminal serves as the SOURCE terminal for
four-terminal measurement.
Voltage measurement terminal
Used to measure voltage. This terminal serves as the SENSE terminal for
four-terminal measurement.
External switch terminal
Used for the switch signal line connected to the switching probe (the 9297
CURRENT APPLY PROBE), the 9613 REMOTE CONTROL BOX(SINGLE) or
the 9614 REMOTE CONTROL BOX(DUAL).
Rubber keys
The seven rubber keys include six function keys and a SHIFT key.
The six function keys offer a variety of settings, used in combination with the
SHIFT key.
Fluorescent indicator
Displays various kinds of information, such as test state and results.
START key
Used to start a test. On starting a test with a preset value, the unit enters TEST
mode. The test starts whether or not the flashing cursor is displayed.
STOP key
･Used to perform forcible ending of a test.
･Pressing the STOP key when the flashing cursor is displayed causes it to
disappear. To display the flashing cursor again, press the or key. The
cursor appears, displaying the preset current value.
Main power switch
Powers the 3157 on or off.
Stand
The 3157 can be tilted up by using this stand.

4
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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
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1 2 3 4 5
1
2
3
4
5
Rubber keys (in READY state)
Left/Right cursor key
Moves the flashing cursor. The switching range is preset before shipment: Preset
current value Maximum Test Value Testing time Output
Frequency.
The key can be set to shift to the minimum test value and the test data count, when
these values are set with the optional functions.
To display the flashing cursor, press the or key. The cursor appears,
displaying the preset current value.
Up/Down cursor key
Changes the position at which the flashing cursor appears.
ON/OFF (Ω/V) key
Switches on/off the set value for the position of the flashing cursor.
However, this key can't perform the switching on/off of the preset current value. If
turned off, the set value is not used in testing.
Zero Adjustment key
Use this key to perform zero adjustment within the effective range of adjustment.
The zero adjustment function is active when the 0ADJ lamp is lit.
For zero adjustment procedure, see Section 3.4, "Zero Adjustment Function."
SHIFT key
Used in combination with other keys.
(1) Switching between voltage and resistance indicators
Press ON/OFF (Ω/V)while holding down the SHIFT key ( SHIFT +ON/OFF
(Ω/V)) to switch between voltage and resistance indicators.
(2) Setting the key lock
Press SHIFT +0ADJ (LOCK) key to activate key-lock mode.
For more information, see Section 3.5, "Key-lock Function."
(3) Displaying the Preset-data loading screen
Press SHIFT +to display the Preset-data loading screen.
For more information, see Chapter 5, "Saving/loading Preset Values."
(4) Displaying the Preset-data saving screen
Press SHIFT +to display the Preset-data saving screen.
For more information, see Chapter 5, "Saving/loading Preset Values."
(5) Displaying the Optional function setting screen
Press SHIFT +STOP to display the Optional function setting screen.
For more information, see Chapter 4, "Optional Functions."

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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
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1
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Left side view
Air outlet
Never touch the air outlet. The air outlet is provided with an internal cooling fan.
Right side view
Air inlet
Never touch the air inlet. Air for cooling is drawn through this opening.
Handle
This is used for transporting the 3157.
Rear panel
Power inlet
Connect the grounded three-core power cord supplied here. Integrated with a fuse
holder.
External I/O terminal
For output of 3157 state and input of start and stop signals.
Interface slot
Expansion slot for installation of the optional 9593-02 RS-232C INTERFACER or
9518-02 GP-IB INTERFASE board.

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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
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1 2 3
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9296 CURRENT PROBE
Alligator clip
Clipped to the measured object.
Current output plug
Connected to the unit's current output terminal.
Banana-type voltage measurement plug
Connected to the unit's voltage measurement terminal.
9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE
Push switch
External switch equivalent for the START and STOP keys.
Banana-type voltage measurement plug
Connected to the unit's voltage measurement terminal.
Current output plug
Connected to the unit's current output terminal.
Switch signal line plug
Connected to the unit's controller terminal.

7
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1.3 Names and Functions of Parts
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1
23
9614 REMOTE CONTROL BOX (DUAL)
9613 REMOTE CONTROL BOX (SINGLE)
1
23 2
4
4
1
2
3
4
NOTE
REMOTE CONTROL BOX
OPERATE switch
Used to enable remote-control operation. When this switch is ON, the START and
STOP keys for remote control are active.
START key
Works in the same manner as the START key on the unit. With the 9614 dual
remote-control box, the two START switches must be pressed.
STOP key
Works in the same manner as the STOP key on the unit. The STOP key is ON
during a test or when a voltage is being output.
Switch signal line plug
Connect to the external switch terminal on the unit.
Priority for control of the START key is in the following order: the external switch,
the external I/O, and the front panel of the unit. Connecting the switch signal line
plug disables the START key on the front panel of the unit and the start signal for
the external I/O.

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2.1 Power Cord Connection
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WARNING The 3157 and the 3157-01 use different rated power voltages. Before
turning the product on, make sure the source voltage matches that
indicated on the product's power connector. Connection to an
improper supply voltage may damage the product and present an
electrical hazard.
To avoid electric shock and ensure safe operation, connect the
power cable to a grounded (3-contact) outlet.
Supply voltage indicated on the rear panel
Chapter 2
Testing Arrangements
2.1 Power Cord Connection
(1) Be sure that the main power switch is turned to OFF.
(2) Connect the grounded three-core power cord provided to the power inlet on the back
of the unit.
(3) Insert the plug into the grounded outlet.

10
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2.2 Powering on and off the Unit
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NOTE
Main power switch
The version number is displayed.
"Version 1.00" is displayed.
The model name is displayed.
Indicates active interfaces.
G.01: 9518-02 GP-IB INTERFACE
rS: 9593-02 RS-232C INTERFACE
rS.P: 9442 PRINTER
NOTE
2.2 Powering on and off the Unit
WARNING Before turning the product on, make sure the source voltage matches
that indicated on the product's power connector. Connection to an
improper supply voltage may damage the product and present an
electrical hazard.
･Allow 10 minutes warming up after powering on.
･To use the external controller, the external I/O terminal, and the interface, you
must connect them before startup. Only devices or peripherals connected before
startup are activated. Connection following startup may lead to operational or
equipment failure.
For connection procedures, see Section 2.3, "Probe Connection" for the external
controller, Chapter 6, "External I/O" for the external I/O terminal, and the
instruction manual accompanying the interface for each interface.
Powering on the unit
(1) Turn the main power switch to ON（ｌ） .
(2) The model name and version number are displayed as below:
(3) The unit enters READY state five seconds after startup.
Key operation is disabled unless the READY lamp is lit.
Powering off the unit
After the testing has finished, being sure that the READY lamp is turned on, turn
the main power switch on the back of the unit to OFF.
Note that the unit may be damaged if the main power switch is turned to OFF while
the unit is outputting current.
The current settings are all preserved when the unit is next turned on. If there has
been a power failure or other malfunction of the power supply, the settings in effect
at the time the malfunction occurred are preserved.

11
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2.3 Probe Connection
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WARNING To avoid shock and short circuits, turn off all power before
connecting probes.
To avoid electrical accidents, confirm that all connections are secure.
The increased resistance of loose connections can lead to
overheating and fire.
Switch signal line plug
･To use the push switch on the 9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE, use the
current output terminal and the voltage measurement terminal on the right,
as shown in the figure.
･Make sure the switch signal line plug is correctly oriented. If the plug is
dislocated during testing, the unit will enter READY state.
NOTE
2.3 Probe Connection
The 9296 CURRENT PROBE (with alligator clip) and 9297 CURRENT APPLY
PROBE are available as optional probes. Connect two sets of the 9296 or a single
combined set of 9296 and 9297.
You can use a custom-built probe. If you do use a custom-built probe, make sure
the wire/cable used for it has sufficient current capacity (AWG 12/cross-sectional
area 3.5 mm2min.)
(1) Rotate the current output terminal counter-clockwise to open.
(2) Connect the current output plug as shown in the figure on the left.
(3) Rotate the current output terminal clockwise to close.
(4) Insert the banana-type voltage measurement plug into the voltage
measurement terminal.
(5) With the 9296 CURRENT PROBE, be sure to connect the probe to the other
terminals using the same procedure.
To use the 9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE, insert the switch signal line
plug into the external switch terminal.
･To activate the push switch, connect the switch signal line plug to the external
switch terminal before startup. For more information on the push switch, see
Section 4.9, "Momentary OUT."
･The 9297 CURRENT APPLY PROBE can be used unless it is connected to the
external switch terminal. In this case, the push switch cannot be used.

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2.4 Short Bar Connection
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WARNING To avoid shock and short circuits, turn off all power before
connecting probes.
To avoid electrical accidents, confirm that all connections are secure.
The increased resistance of loose connections can lead to
overheating and fire.
In a test using two terminals, be sure to use the current output
terminal. Use of the voltage measurement terminal may lead to the
terminal overheating, resulting in burns or equipment damage.
Short bar
In a test using two terminals, be sure to use the current output terminal.
NOTE
2.4 Short Bar Connection
When connecting a probe incompatible with four-terminal measurement, or when
measuring with two terminals, connect the short bar between the voltage measurement
terminal (the SENSE terminal) and the current output terminal (the SOURCE
terminal). Connect to both the voltage measurement terminal and the current output
terminal. In this case, be sure to connect the probe to the current output terminal.
(1) Rotate the current output terminal and the voltage measurement terminal
counter-clockwise to open.
(2) Connect the probe and short bar as shown in the figure on the left.
(3) Rotate the current output terminal and the voltage measurement terminal
clockwise to close. Be sure to connect the other terminals using the same
procedure.
*The figure on the left shows how to connect the probe and the shortbar to the
terminals on the right. The shortbar can be connected to the terminals on the
left in the same manner.
Measurement with two terminals will be affected by a voltage drop in the probe,
leading to inaccurate results. Before beginning a test, perform zero adjustment (see
Section 3.4, Zero Adjustment Function).