Jet JWL-1442VSK Service manual

JWL-1442VSK, 14" X 42" VS
PRO WOOD LATHE WITH
LEGS
708358K
This mid range lathe offers mechanical variable speed along with a
headstock that pivot as well as slide to the end of the bed for
outboard turning capabilities
FEATURES
Reeves drive pulley system allows quick variable speed
changes from 450 to 3,000 RPM
Heavy-duty cast-iron lathe bed adds stability while limiting
vibration during operation
Headstockswivels360°withpositivestopsat45°and90°
and may be positioned anywhere along the bed ways for
maximum flexibility and user comfort
Spindle has positive locking indexing in 10 degree
increments for fast, efficient fluting and veining operations
Built-in spindle locks let you remove or replace faceplates
and chucks with ease
Live center has a removable pin for boring through stock
Cam-lock mechanisms allow adjustments of headstock,
tailstock and tool rest base without having to use tools
Hollow tailstock allows you to perform long hole boring for
lamps and other vessels
Special cast-in webbings in legs accept 2 x 4's or a 2 x 12
to construct a solid tool or sandbag shelf
SPECIFICATIONS
Size (In.)
Style (Type) Woodworking
Swing Over Bed (In.) 14
Swing Over Tool Rest Base (In.) 10
Distance Between Centers (In.) 42
Headstock Movement Pivot 360, Slide
Spindle Bore (In.)
Tailstock Bore
Spindle Taper
Quill Taper
Quill Travel (In.)
Spindle Thread (In./TPI)
Outboard External Threads (In. x TPI)
Spindle Speeds
Speed Range 450-3000
Number of Indexing Positions 36
Centerline of Spindle to Floor (In.) 43-1/2
RESOURCES
Manual
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Operating Instructions and Parts Manual
JWL-1442VS Wood Lathe
WALTER MEIER (Manufacturing) Inc.
427 New Sanford Road
LaVergne, Tennessee 37086 Part No. M-708358
Ph.: 800-274-6848 Revision D1 11/2010
www.waltermeier.com Copyright © 2010 Walter Meier (Manufacturing) Inc
This .pdf document is bookmarked

2
Warranty and Service
Walter Meier (Manufacturing) Inc., warrants every product it sells. If one of our tools needs service or repair, one of
our Authorized Service Centers located throughout the United States can give you quick service. In most cases, any
of these Walter Meier Authorized Service Centers can authorize warranty repair, assist you in obtaining parts, or
perform routine maintenance and major repair on your JET
® tools. For the name of an Authorized Service Center in
your area call 1-800-274-6848.
MORE INFORMATION
Walter Meier is consistently adding new products to the line. For complete, up-to-date product information, check with
your local Walter Meier distributor, or visit waltermeier.com.
WARRANTY
JET products carry a limited warranty which varies in duration based upon the product (MW = Metalworking, WW =
Woodworking).
WHAT IS COVERED?
This warranty covers any defects in workmanship or materials subject to the exceptions stated below. Cutting tools,
abrasives and other consumables are excluded from warranty coverage.
WHO IS COVERED?
This warranty covers only the initial purchaser of the product.
WHAT IS THE PERIOD OF COVERAGE?
The general JET warranty lasts for the time period specified in the product literature of each product.
WHAT IS NOT COVERED?
Five Year Warranties do not cover woodworking (WW) products used for commercial, industrial or educational
purposes. Woodworking products with Five Year Warranties that are used for commercial, industrial or education
purposes revert to a One Year Warranty. This warranty does not cover defects due directly or indirectly to misuse,
abuse, negligence or accidents, normal wear-and-tear, improper repair or alterations, or lack of maintenance.
HOW TO GET SERVICE
The product or part must be returned for examination, postage prepaid, to a location designated by us. For the name
of the location nearest you, please call 1-800-274-6848.
You must provide proof of initial purchase date and an explanation of the complaint must accompany the
merchandise. If our inspection discloses a defect, we will repair or replace the product, or refund the purchase price,
at our option. We will return the repaired product or replacement at our expense unless it is determined by us that
there is no defect, or that the defect resulted from causes not within the scope of our warranty in which case we will,
at your direction, dispose of or return the product. In the event you choose to have the product returned, you will be
responsible for the shipping and handling costs of the return.
HOW STATE LAW APPLIES
This warranty gives you specific legal rights; you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
LIMITATIONS ON THIS WARRANTY
WALTER MEIER (MANUFACTURING) INC., LIMITS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES TO THE PERIOD OF THE
LIMITED WARRANTY FOR EACH PRODUCT. EXCEPT AS STATED HEREIN, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS ARE EXCLUDED. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW
LONG THE IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
WALTER MEIER SHALL IN NO EVENT BE LIABLE FOR DEATH, INJURIES TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY, OR
FOR INCIDENTAL, CONTINGENT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE OF
OUR PRODUCTS. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Walter Meier sells through distributors only. The specifications in Walter Meier catalogs are given as general
information and are not binding. Members of Walter Meier reserve the right to effect at any time, without prior notice,
those alterations to parts, fittings, and accessory equipment which they may deem necessary for any reason
whatsoever. JET
® branded products are not sold in Canada by Walter Meier.

3
Table of Contents
Warranty and Service..........................................................................................................................2
Table of Contents ...............................................................................................................................3
Warnings............................................................................................................................................4
Introduction........................................................................................................................................6
Specifications.....................................................................................................................................6
Shipping Contents ..............................................................................................................................7
Contents of the Shipping Containers.................................................................................................7
Unpacking and Clean-Up.................................................................................................................7
Assembly...........................................................................................................................................7
Stand Legs .....................................................................................................................................7
Tool Rest........................................................................................................................................8
Stand Shelf.....................................................................................................................................8
Grounding Instructions........................................................................................................................9
Controls and Features.......................................................................................................................10
Lathe Tools......................................................................................................................................12
Operations .......................................................................................................................................13
Stock Selection.............................................................................................................................13
Roughing Out................................................................................................................................13
Beads...........................................................................................................................................14
Coves...........................................................................................................................................14
“V” Cuts........................................................................................................................................14
Sanding and Finishing ...................................................................................................................15
Face Plate or Chuck......................................................................................................................16
Wood Selection.............................................................................................................................16
Checks and Cracks .......................................................................................................................16
Distortion......................................................................................................................................16
To Shape the Outside of a Bowl.....................................................................................................17
To Shape the Interior of a Bowl......................................................................................................18
Adjustments .....................................................................................................................................19
Adjusting the Clamping Mechanism................................................................................................19
Changing the Belt and Bearings .....................................................................................................19
Optional Accessories ........................................................................................................................20
Safety Guard.................................................................................................................................20
Tool Basket...................................................................................................................................20
Parting..........................................................................................................................................14
Tools for Bowl Turning...................................................................................................................16
Sanding and Finishing a Bowl........................................................................................................18
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................21
Parts................................................................................................................................................21
Ordering Replacement Parts..........................................................................................................21
Bed Assembly Parts List................................................................................................................22
Headstock Assembly – Parts List....................................................................................................23
Headstock Assembly.....................................................................................................................25
Stand Assembly............................................................................................................................26
Safety Guard Assembly .................................................................................................................27
Basket Assembly...........................................................................................................................27
Wiring Diagram.................................................................................................................................28
Appendix – Indexer Positions ............................................................................................................29
The specifications in this manual are given as general information and are not binding. Walter Meier
(Manufacturing) Inc., reserves the right to effect, at any time and without prior notice, changes or
alterations to parts, fittings, and accessory equipment deemed necessary for any reason whatsoever.

4
Warnings
1. Read and understand the entire owner’s manual before attempting assembly or operation.
2. This wood lathe is designed and intended for use by properly trained and experienced personnel
only. If you are not familiar with the proper and safe operation of a wood lathe, do not use it until the
proper training and knowledge have been obtained.
3. Always wear approved safety glasses/face shields while using this machine.
4. Make certain the machine is properly grounded.
5. Before operating the machine, remove tie, rings, watches, other jewelry, and roll sleeves up past the
elbows. Remove all loose clothing and confine long hair. Do not wear gloves.
6. Keep the floor around the machine clean and free of scrap material, oil and grease.
7. Keep machine guards in place at all times when the machine is in use. If removed for maintenance
purposes, use extreme caution and replace the guards immediately.
8. Do not over reach. Maintain a balanced stance at all times, so that you do not fall or lean against
blades or other moving parts.
9. Make all machine adjustments or maintenance with the machine unplugged from the power source.
10. Use the right tool. Do not force a tool or attachment to do a job that it was not designed to do.
11. Replace warning labels if they become obscured or removed.
12. Make certain the switch is in the OFF position before connecting the machine to the power supply.
13. Give your work undivided attention. Looking around, carrying on a conversation and "horse-play" are
careless acts that can result in serious injury.
14. Keep visitors a safe distance from the work area.
15. Use recommended accessories; improper accessories may be hazardous.
16. Read and understand warnings posted on the machine and in this manual. Failure to comply with all
of these warnings may cause serious injury.
17. Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling and other construction activities
contain chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some examples
of these chemicals are:
Lead from lead based paint.
Crystalline silica from bricks, cement and other masonry products.
Arsenic and chromium from chemically treated lumber.
Your risk of exposure varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your
exposure to these chemicals, work in a well-ventilated area and work with approved safety
equipment, such as face or dust masks that are specifically designed to filter out microscopic
particles.
18. Do not operate this lathe while under the influence of drugs, alcohol or any medication.
19. Keep tools sharp and clean for safe and best performance. Dull tools can grab in the work and be
jerked from the operator's hands causing serious injury.
20. Check the condition of the stock to be turned. Make sure it is free of knots, warpage, checked ends,
improperly made or cured glue joints and other conditions which can cause it to be thrown out of the
lathe.
21. Securely fasten spur/live centers to the material being used.
22. Check centers and center sockets in the headstock and tailstock to be sure they are free of dirt or rust
and oil lightly before inserting centers.

5
23. Test each set-up by revolving the work by hand to insure it clears the tool rest and bed. Check the
setup at the lowest speed before increasing it to the operating speed.
24. Use the correct cutting tool for the operation to be performed and keep all tools sharp.
25. Use low speeds for roughing and for long or large diameter work. If vibration occurs, stop the
machine and correct the cause. See the speed recommendation chart below:
Diameter of Work Roughing RPM General Cutting RPM Finishing RPM
Under 2" 1500 3000 3000
2 to 4" 600 1500 2300
4 to 6" 450 1100 1500
6 to 8" 450 600 1100
8 to 10" 450 600 850
10 to 12" 450 600 850
12 to 14" 450 450 600
Speed Recommendations
26. When sanding, remove the tool rest from the machine, apply light pressure and use a slow speed to
avoid heat build up.
27. When turning large diameter pieces, such as bowls, always operate the lathe at low speeds. See the
speed recommendation chart.
28. Do not attempt to engage the spindle lock pin until the spindle has stopped. If leaving the machine
area, turn it off and wait until the spindle stops before departing.
29. Make no adjustments except speed changes with the spindle rotating and always disconnect the
machine from the power source when performing maintenance to avoid accidental starting or
electrical shock.
30. Provide for adequate space surrounding work area and non-glare, overhead lighting.
31. When stopping the lathe, never grab the part or faceplate to slow it down. Let the work coast to a
stop.
32. Use only JET factory authorized replacement parts and accessories; otherwise, the warranty and
guarantee are null and void.
33. Do not use this JET wood lathe for other than its intended purpose. If used for other purposes, Walter
Meier (Manufacturing) Inc., disclaims any real or implied warranty and holds itself harmless from any
injury that may result from that use.
Familiarize yourself with the following safety notices used in this manual:
This means that if precautions are not heeded, it may result in minor injury and/or
possible machine damage.
This means that if precautions are not heeded, it may result in serious injury or possibly
even death.

6
Introduction
This manual is provided by Walter Meier (Manufacturing) Inc., covering the safe operation and
maintenance procedures for a Model JWL-1442VS Wood Lathe. This manual contains instructions on
installation, safety precautions, general operating procedures, maintenance instructions and parts
breakdown. This machine has been designed and constructed to provide years of trouble free operation if
used in accordance to instructions set forth in this manual. If there are any questions or comments,
please contact either your local supplier or Walter Meier. Walter Meier can also be reached at our web
site: www.waltermeier.com.
Specifications
Model Number................................................................................................................JWL-1442VSK
Stock Number ........................................................................................................................708358K
Motor........................................................TEFC 1HP, 1PH, 115V/230V, Prewired 115V. 60Hz, 11/5.5A
Switch.................................................................................................manual, paddle style with lockout
Construction:
Headstock ..........................................................................................................................cast iron
Tailstock.............................................................................................................................cast iron
Bed....................................................................................................................................cast iron
Tool Rest............................................................................................................................cast iron
Stand.................................................................................................................................cast iron
General Dimensions:
Swing Over Bed (in.)....................................................................................................................14
Swing Over Tool Rest Base (in.) ...................................................................................................10
Distance Between Centers, maximum (in.).....................................................................................42
Headstock:
Spindle Thread, Inboard (in.)................................................................................................1 x 8TPI
Spindle Thread, Outboard (in.)...............................................................................3/4-16 UNF (L.H.)
Hole through Spindle (in.)............................................................................................................3/8
Spindle Center to Floor, approx. (in.).......................................................................................43-1/2
Spindle Taper ....................................................................................................................#2 Morse
Headstock Rotation (deg.) ..........................................................................................................360
Positive Stops (deg.).................................................................................45, 90, 135, 180, 270, 360
Spindle Speeds (RPM).......................................(eight): 450, 600, 850, 1100, 1500, 1900, 2300, 3000
Drive Pulley System.............................................................................................................Reeves
Locking System .........................................................................................................cam (tool-less)
Faceplate Provided (in.)..................................................................................................................6
Indexing .................................................................................positive locking, 10 degree increments
Tailstock:
Hole through Tailstock (in.)..........................................................................................................3/8
Tailstock Taper..................................................................................................................#2 Morse
Ram Travel (in.).............................................................................................................................4
Locking System .........................................................................................................cam (tool-less)
Tool Rest:
Base Locking System.................................................................................................cam (tool-less)
Tool Rest Provided (in.)................................................................................................................12
Weight:
Net, approximate (lbs.) ...............................................................................................................355
Shipping, approximate (lbs.) .......................................................................................................375
The above specifications were current at the time this manual was published, but because of our policy of
continuous improvement, Walter Meier reserves the right to change specifications at any time and without
prior notice, without incurring obligations.

7
Read and understand the entire
contents of this manual before attempting
assembly or operation! Failure to comply may
cause serious injury.
Shipping Contents
Contents of the Shipping Containers
1 Lathe with Leg Set
1 Tailstock
1 Headstock
1 Face Plate
1 Tool Rest Body
1 Accessory Package
1 Owner’s Manual and Warranty Card
Accessory Package Box
1 Live Center
1 Spur Center
1 Index Pin
1 Wrench
1 Drift Rod
1 Tool Rest
1 Tool Rest Extension
4 Adjustable Feet
Unpacking and Clean-Up
1. Remove the shipping container. Do not discard
any shipping material until the lathe is set up
and running properly.
2. Remove tailstock, tool rest and headstock
before lifting; see “Adjusting the Clamping
Mechanism” on Page 19 on how to remove the
tailstock, headstock or tool rest.
3. Remove hex cap bolts from skid bottom and lift
the lathe bed, with the help from another
person, off the skid and onto the edge of a
workbench, as shown in Figure 1.
4. Clean all rust protected surfaces with a
cleaner-degreaser. Clean under the headstock,
tailstock and tool rest body.
Assembly
Stand Legs
At this point the headstock, tailstock and tool rest
should be removed. With help from another person,
lift the lathe bed and place onto a workbench.
1. Angle lathe bed so that stand leg mounting
holes are accessible, see Figure 1.
708358K
Contents of Accessory Package
Figure 1

8
2. Thread adjustable feet (A, Fig. 1) into stand leg
(B, Fig. 1). There is a flat spot on the shaft near
the foot that will accommodate a wrench.
Thread a hex nut (C, Fig. 1) onto shaft and
leave loose for now.
3. Mount the leg to lathe bed with four 5/16” flat
washers and four 5/16”-18 x 1-1/2” hex socket
cap screws (D, Fig. 1).
4. Repeat for the other leg.
5. Adjust the feet so that the lathe rests evenly on
the floor, and tighten the nuts.
6. Reinstall headstock, tailstock and tool rest.
Tool Rest
Secure tool rest (A, Fig. 2) to tool rest body
(B, Fig. 2) by tightening handle (C, Fig. 2).
Note: For some turning applications, you may need
to assemble the tool rest extension between the
tool rest body and tool rest.
Stand Shelf
You can make an extra shelf that rests between the
legs if you wish, see Figure 3. It will be useful for
storing lathe accessories, or adding sand bags for
some extra weight. The two 2x4’s should be 55-
3/4” long. The plywood should be ripped into two
equal pieces 27-13/16”L x 17”W so that it can be
assembled between the legs. Use screws to attach
the plywood to the 2x4 supports.
Figure 2
Figure 3

9
Grounding Instructions
This tool must be grounded
while in use to protect the operator from
electric shock.
In the event of a malfunction or breakdown,
grounding provides a path of least resistance for
electric current to reduce the risk of electric
shock. This tool is equipped with an electric cord
having anequipment-grounding conductor and a
grounding plug. The plug must be plugged into a
matching outlet that is properly installed and
grounded in accordance with all local codes and
ordinances.
Do not modify the plug provided. If it will not fit
the outlet, have the proper outlet installed by a
qualified electrician.
Improper connection of the equipment-
grounding conductor can result in a risk of
electric shock. The conductor, with insulation
having an outer surface that is green with or
without yellow stripes, is the equipment-
grounding conductor. If repair or replacement of
the electric cord or plug is necessary, do not
connect the equipment-grounding conductor to a
live terminal.
Check with a qualified electrician or service
personnel if the grounding instructions are not
completely understood, or if in doubt as to
whether the tool is properly grounded. Use only
three wire extension cords that have three-prong
grounding plugs and three-pole receptacles that
accept the tool’s plug.
Repair or replace a damaged or worn cord
immediately.
115 Volt Operation
As received from the factory, your sander is
ready to run at 115-volt operation. This sander,
when wired for 115 volts, is intended for use on
a circuit that has an outlet and a plug that looks
the one illustrated in Figure A. A temporary
adapter, which looks like the adapter as
illustrated in Figure B, may be used to connect
this plug to a two-pole receptacle, as shown in
Figure B if a properly grounded outlet is not
available.
The temporary adapter should only be used until
a properly grounded outlet can be installed by a
qualified electrician. This adapter is not
applicable in Canada. The green colored rigid
ear, lug, or tab, extending from the adapter,
must be connected to a permanent ground such
as a properly grounded outlet box, as shown in
Figure B.
The use of an extension cord is not
recommended. However, if you must use one
make sure your extension cord is in good
condition. Be sure to use one heavy enough to
carry the current your machine will draw. An
undersized cord will cause a drop in the line
voltage resulting in power loss and overheating.
The following table shows the correct size to use
depending on the cord length needed and the
nameplate ampere rating. If in doubt, use the
next heavier gauge. Remember, the smaller the
gauge number, the heavier the cord.
Volts Total Length of Cord in Feet
120V 25 50 100 150
AWG
12-16A 14 12 Not Recommended
230 Volt Operation
If 230V, single-phase operation is desired, the
following instructions must be followed:
1. Disconnect the machine from the power
source.
2. This lathe is supplied with four motor leads
that are connected for 115V operation, as
shown in Figure A. Reconnect these four
motor leads for 230V operation, as shown in
Figure B.
2. The 115V attachment plug (A), supplied with
the lathe, must be replaced with a UL/CSA
listed plug suitable for 230V operation (D).
Contact your local Authorized Service Center
or qualified electrician for proper procedures
to install the plug. The lathe must comply with
all local and national codes after the 230-volt
plug is installed.
3. The lathe with a 230 volt plug should only be
connected configuration (D). No adapter is
available or should be used with the 230-volt
plug.
Important: In all cases (115 or 230 volts), make
certain the receptacle in question is properly
grounded. If you are not sure, have a registered
electrician check the receptacle.

10
Controls and Features
E. Headstock Lock Handle: (E, Fig. 4)
Locks the head in position. Unlock the handle
to position the head in any location along the
lathe bed. Tighten handle when properly
positioned.
F. Headstock Indexing Pin: (F, Fig. 4
Turn the knurled knob counter-clockwise to
unlock the plunger. Pull the knob out to release
the headstock. Unlock the headstock-locking
handle and rotate the headstock. Turn knurled
knob clockwise until it stops to lock plunger.
G. Headstock Spindle Lock: (G, Fig. 5)
Push in pin to keep the spindle from turning.
Never press the headstock
spindle lock while the spindle is turning!
H. Headstock On/Off Switch: (H, Fig.5)
Flip the switch up to turn “ON” the lathe. Flip
the switchdown to turn the lathe “OFF”.
I. Headstock On/Off Switch Key: (I, Fig. 5)
Remove key when in the “OFF” position. The
switch will not work until key is reinstalled.
J. Headstock Speed Selector: (J, Fig. 5)
Place handle directly above the desired RPM
speed. Pull handle out and move to the desired
speed, see Figure 6.
Only change speeds while the
spindle is turning!
Figure 4
Figure 5
Diameter
of Work Roughing RPM
General
Cutting
RPM
Finishing
RPM
Under 2" 1500 3000 3000
2 to 4" 600 1500 2300
4 to 6" 450 1100 1500
6 to 8" 450 600 1100
8 to 10" 450 600 850
10 to 12" 450 600 850
12 to 14" 450 450 600
Figure 6

11
K. Headstock Faceplate: (K, Fig. 7)
Used for turning bowls. There are a number of
screw holes for mounting the workpiece.
Thread the faceplate onto the spindle in a
clockwise direction. Remove the faceplate by
pushing in headstock spindle lock and using
the provided wrench on faceplate flats.
L. Headstock Spur Center: (L, Fig. 7)
Used for turning between centers. Spindle
taper is MT-2. Remove spur center by inserting
drift rod through the opposite end of the spindle
and knocking spur center out.
M. Headstock Indexing Hole: (M, Fig. 7)
Thread indexing pin into the indexing hole
making sure that it locates in the spindle hole.
There are 12 holes in the spindle 30° apart.
Three holes in the headstock casting accept
the indexing pin. These holes are 20° apart.
The combination of holes will allow you to mark
your workpiece for evenly spaced features. See
chart on page 29.
Never start the lathe with the
index pin engaged in the spindle!
N. Tool Rest Body Lock Handle: (N, Fig. 8)
Locks the tool rest body in position. Unlock
handle to position the tool rest in any location
along lathe bed. Tighten handle when properly
positioned.
O. Tool Rest Lock Handle: (O, Fig. 8)
Locks the tool rest in position. Unlock the
handle to position tool rest at a specific angle,
or height. Tighten handle when properly
positioned.
P. Tailstock Lock Handle: (P, Fig. 9)
Locks the tailstock in position. Unlock handle to
positionthe tool rest in any location along lathe
bed. Tighten handle when properly positioned.
Q. Tailstock Quill Lock Handle: (Q, Fig. 9)
Locks the tailstock quill in position. Unlock
handle to position the quill. Tighten handle
when properly positioned.
R. Tailstock Quill Handwheel: (R, Fig. 9)
Turn the handwheel to position the quill. The
tailstock quill lock handle must be loose to
position quill.
S. Tailstock Live Center: (S, Fig. 9)
Used for turning between centers. Quill taper is
MT-2. Remove live center by retracting the quill
until live center loosens.
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9

12
Lathe Tools
If possible, select only high quality, high speed
steel turning tools with long handles. As one
becomes proficient in turning, a variety of specialty
tools for specific applications can be acquired. The
following tools provide the basics for most
woodturning projects.
Roughing Gouge — used for rapidly cut raw wood
into round stock, see Figure 10.
Deep Fluted Bowl Gouge — used for turning
bowls and plates, see Figure 10.
Spindle Gouge — used for turning beads, coves
and other details, see Figure 10.
Spear — fine scraping and delicate operations,
such as the forming of beads, parallel grooves and
shallow vees, etc, see Figure 10.
Figure 10
Skew — used to make vees, beads, etc., see
Figure 11.
Square Scraper — used for diameter scraping and
featureless scraping, etc, see Figure 11.
Large Domed Scraper — used to reduce ridges
on the interior of bowls, round edges of bowls, etc,
see Figure 11.
Parting Tool — used to cut directly into the
material, or to make a cut off. Also used for
scraping and to set diameters, see Figure 11.
For safety and best performance, keep tools
sharp. If a tool stops cutting, or requires excessive
pressure to make a cut, it needs to be sharpened.
A number of brand name sharpening jigs and
fixtures are available, however, a wood turner
should learn to sharpen tools freehand.
Mounting Workpiece Between Centers
Spindle turning takes place between the centers of
the lathe. It requires a spur center in the headstock
and a live center in the tailstock.
1. With a ruler locate and mark the center on each
end by going corner to corner, see Figure 12.
Accuracy is not critical on full rounds but
extremely important on stock where square
sections are to remain. Put a dimple in each
end of the stock with an awl or nail.
2. Extremely hard woods may require kerfs cut
into the spur drive end of stock, see Figure 12.
You may need to drive the spur center into the
stock with a wood mallet. Note: Never drive
stock onto spur while it is mounted in the lathe
spindle.
3. Install workpiece by inserting the attached spur
center into the spindle taper on the headstock.
4. Bring tailstock into position, lock it to the bed,
and advance quill with the handwheel in order
to seat the live center into the workpiece. Lock
the quill in place. Make sure the live center
point is centered on your mark.
5. Move tool rest into position. It should be
parallel to workpiece, approximately at the
centerline, and approximately 1/8" from the
closest part of the workpiece. Lock tool rest
body and tool rest in place.
6. Rotate workpiece by hand to check for proper
clearance from tool rest. Note: You may want
to trim off the corners of a square workpiece to
make turning a little easier.
7. Start lathe at lowest speed and bring it up to
the appropriate RPM for the size of stock, see
Figure 6 page 11.
The position of the tool rest can be varied to suit
the work and operator. After you become
experienced with setting tool rest changing the
position will become second nature for the
workpiece and comfort of the user.
Figure 11
Figure 12

13
Operations
Stock Selection
Stock for spindles should be straight grained and
free of checks, cracks, knots and other defects. It
should be cut 1/8" to 1/4" larger than the finished
diameter and may require additional length to
remove ends if required. Larger stock should have
the corners removed to produce an octagon
making the piece easier to rough down to a
cylinder, see Figure 13.
Roughing Out
1. Use a large roughing gouge and begin cutting
about 2” from the tailstock end of the
workpiece. Place the tool on the tool rest with
the heel of the tool on the surface to be cut.
2. Slowly and gently raise tool handle until cutting
edge comes into contact with the workpiece.
Work to the right towards the end of the
workpiece. You never want to start at the end
of a workpiece.
3. Now continue to work the rest of the workpiece.
Roll the flute (hollowed-out portion) of the tool
in the direction of the cut, see Figure 14. Make
long sweeping cuts in a continuous motion to
rough the piece down to a cylinder. Keep as
much of the bevel of the tool as possible in
contact with the workpiece to ensure control
and avoid catches.
Note: Always cut downhill, or from large
diameter to small diameter. Always work
toward the end of a workpiece, never start
cutting at the end.
4. Once the workpiece is roughed down to a
cylinder, smooth it with a large skew. Place the
cutting point near the center of the chisel and
high on the workpiece, see Figure 15. Touching
one of the points of the skew to the spinning
workpiece may cause a catch and ruin the
workpiece.
5. Add details to the workpiece with skew, spindle
gouge, etc.
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15

14
Beads
1. Place the parting tool on the tool rest and move
the tool forward to make the full bevel of the
tool contact the workpiece. Gently raise handle
to make cut to the appropriate depth.
2. Repeat for other side of the bead.
3. Using a small skew or spindle gouge, start in
the center between the two cuts and cut down
each side to form the bead. Roll the tool in
direction of cut.
Coves
1. Use a spindle gouge. With the flute of the tool
at 90 degrees to the workpiece, touch the
center of the cutting edge to the workpiece and
roll in towards the bottom of the cove. Stop at
the bottom; attempting to go up the opposite
side may cause the tool to catch.
2. Move the tool over the desired width of the
cove.
3. With the flute facing the opposite direction,
repeat step 1 for other side of cove. Stop at
bottom of cut.
“V” Cuts
1. Use the long point of the skew. Note: Do not
press the long point of the skew directly into the
workpiece to create the "V"; this will result in a
burned or burnished "V" with fibers being rolled
up at both sides.
2. Lightly mark the center of the "V" with the tip of
the skew.
3. Move the point of the skew to the right half of
the desired width of your cut.
4. With the bevel parallel to the right side of the
cut, raise the handle and pushthe tool into the
desired depth.
5. Repeat from the left side. The two cuts should
meet at the bottom and leave a clean "V" cut.
6. Additional cuts may be taken to add to either
the depth or width of the cut.
Parting
Place parting tool on tool rest and raise the handle
until it starts to cut and continue to cut to the
desired depth.
If the cut is deep a clearance cut should be made
alongside the first cut to prevent the tool tip from
burning.
Figure 16
Figure 17
Figure 18

15
Sanding and Finishing
Leaving clean cuts will reduce the amount of
sanding required. Begin with a fine sandpaper (120
grit or finer). Coarser sandpaper will leave deep
scratches that are difficult to remove, and dull crisp
details. Fold the sandpaper into a pad; do not wrap
sandpaper around your fingers or the workpiece.
To apply a finish, the workpiece can be left on the
lathe. Turn off lathe and use a brush, or cloth to
apply the finish. Remove excess finish before
restarting lathe. Allow drying and sanding again
with 320 or 400 grit sandpaper. Apply additional
coats of finish and buff.
Face Plate and Bowl Turning
Face plate turning is normally done on the inboard
side of the headstock over the bed see Figure 19.
You must pivot the headstock 180° for larger
workpieces.
Mounting Stock
Use of a face plate is the most common method for
holding a block of wood for turning bowls, and
plates.
1. Select stock at least 1/8" to 1/4" larger than the
dimension on the desired finished workpiece.
2. True one surface of the workpiece for mounting
against the face plate. It is best to leave extra
stock against the faceplate that can be cut off
when the workpiece is finished.
3. Using the faceplate as a template, mark the
location of the mounting holes, and drill pilot
holes of the appropriate size. If the mounting
screws on the faceplate interfere with the
workpiece, a waste block can be mounted to
the faceplate and then the waste block
mounted to the workpiece by gluing or screw-
ing, see Figure 20.
4. Both waste block and workpiece should have
good flat surfaces.
5. Push in on the spindle lock and thread face
plate and workpiece onto the spindle. Tighten
setscrews in the faceplate when secure.
Figure 19
Figure 20

16
Face Plate or Chuck
While faceplates are the simplest, most reliable
method of holding a block of wood for turning,
chucks can also be used. A chuck is not a
requirement but is handy when working on more
than one piece at a time. Rather than removing
screws, you simply open the chuck and change
workpieces. The most popular ones are four jaw
scroll chucks with a variety of jaws to
accommodate different size tenons. Most also
come with a screw chuck as well.
Wood Selection
Firewood is the cheapest, most widely available
stock to use while learning to turn bowls. Develop
skill with each tool before attempting to make a
finished piece. It is best to start with dry wood,
without worrying about drying or distortion. Once
turning becomes comfortable, try green wood,
which cuts very easily. As the turner gains
experience, he or she will find extraordinary grain
and figure in the form of burls, crotches and bark
inclusions.
Checks and Cracks
Green wood will check and crack. For best results,
leave logs in as long lengths as you can handle. As
the material starts to dry, surface cracks will
develop on the ends of the log. Cut off two to three
inches and you should find good, sound wood.
Also, cut the log in half along the pith to avoid
having it in the finished piece. Most checks radiate
from the pith. As you turn bowls from green wood,
make sure you maintaina consistent wall thickness
throughout the piece. Leaving a piece thick in some
areas and thin in others will cause the wood to dry
unevenly and promote checks and cracks.
Distortion
Distortion is a problem associated with turning
green wood. It will vary from one type of wood to
the next. Typically, fruitwoods tend to distort more
than others do. It also varies with the time of year
the tree was cut and how the logs are stored.
Tools for Bowl Turning
The deep fluted bowl gouge is the most essential
and versatile tool for most bowl and faceplate style
turning. The bowl gouge is heavier and easier to
control than other types of gouges. It also allows
removal of wood much faster and with less
vibration than other gouges. Most average sized
bowl work can be accomplished with a 3/8" or 1/2"
bowl gouge. A 1/4" bowl gouge is best suited for
smaller bowls and light finishing cuts. Larger 3/4"
and 1" bowl gouges are only used for extremely
large pieces.
Large domed scrapers can also be used to help
clean up the interior surfaces of bowls. A light touch
with the scraper slightly tilted will eliminate some of
the ridges left by a bowl gouge.

17
To Shape the Outside of a Bowl
Odd shaped burls, crotches and other irregular
shaped blanks require special preparation before
mounting in a chuck, or onto a faceplate.
1. Remove the bark, if there is any, from what
appears to be the center of the top of
workpiece.
2. Drive the spur center into the top of the
workpiece with a wood mallet.
3. Slip the spur center into the headstock taper
and bring the tailstock, with a live center, into
position. Lock the tailstock to the bed and
advance the spindle in order to seat the cup
center into workpiece, see Figure 21. Tighten
the quill lock.
4. Position the tool support below the centerline
and about 1/4" from the workpiece. Note: For
larger outboard turning, an optional outboard
turning stand is used to place the tool support,
see your JET distributor.
5. Turn the workpiece by hand to ensure proper
clearance.
6. Start the lathe at the lowest speed and bring it
up to the maximum safe speed for the size of
work to be turned, see Figure 6 on page 11. If
the machine starts to vibrate, lower the speed
until the vibration stops.
7. Rough out the outside of the bowl with the 1/2"
deep fluted bowl gouge, holding the tool firmly
against your hip. For best control, use your
whole body to move the gouge through the
workpiece.
8. As the bowl takes shape, work on the bottom
(tailstock end) to accommodate attaching a
face plate, see Figure 21.
9. Turn a short tenon (about 1/8" long) the size of
the hole in the faceplate, see Figure 21. This
will allow centering the workpiece when the
faceplate is attached. Note: If you plan to use a
chuck, turn a tenon of appropriate length and
diameter to fit your chuck.
10. Stop the lathe, remove the workpiece and
attach the face plate, or chuck.
11. Finish turning the outside of the bowl with 1/2"
or 3/8" bowl gouge. Leave additional material at
the base of the bowl for support while turning
the interior. This will be removed later.
Figure 21

18
To Shape the Interior of a Bowl
1. Stop the lathe and move the tailstock away.
Remove the center from the tailstock to prevent
bumping it with your elbow.
2. Adjust the tool support in front of the bowl just
below the centerline, at a right angle to the
lathe bed.
3. Rotate the workpiece by hand to check the
clearance.
4. Face off the top of the bowl by making a light
shearing cut across the workpiece, from rim to
center.
5. Place the 1/2" bowl gouge on the tool rest at
the center of the workpiece with the flute facing
the top of the bowl. The tool handle should be
level and pointed toward four o'clock, see
Figure 22.
6. Use your left hand to control the cutting edge of
the gouge, while your right hand swings the
tool handle around towards your body, see
Figure 22.
The flute should start out facing the top of the
workpiece, and rotate upward as it moves
deeper into the bowl to maintain a clean even
curve.
As the tool goes deeper into bowl,
progressively work out toward the rim. It may
be necessary to turn the tool rest into the
workpiece, as you get deeper into the bowl.
Note: Try to make one, very light continuous
movement from the rim to the bottom of the
bowl to ensure a clean, sweeping curve
through the workpiece. Should there be a few
small ridges remaining, a light cut with a large
domed scraper can even out the surface.
7. Develop the wall thickness at the rim and
maintain it as you work deeper into the bowl.
When the interior is finished, move the tool
support to the exterior to re-define the bottom
of the bowl. General rule of thumb: the base
should be approximately 1/3 the overall
diameter of the bowl.
8. Work the tight area around the faceplate or
chuck with 1/4" bowl gouge.
Sanding and Finishing a Bowl
1. Remove the tool rest and begin with a fine grit
sandpaper (120 grit) and progress through
each grit, using only light pressure.
Coarser sandpaper tends to leave deep
scratches that are hard to eliminate. Use
power-sanding techniques to avoid concentric
sanding marks around your finished piece.
Avoid rounding over the rim and foot with
sandpaper. Try to keep the details crisp. Finish
sanding with 220 grit.
2. Remove sanding dust with tack rags, or
compressed air and, with the lathe turned off,
apply the first coat of finish. Let it stand for
several minutes and wipe off the excess. Allow
it to dry before sanding again with 320 or 400
grit sandpaper.
3. Turn lathe back on and make a separation cut
through the base. Stop at about 3" and use a
small fine tooth saw to separate the bowl from
the waste.
4. Apply additional finish coats and allow to dry
before buffing.
Figure 22

19
Adjustments
Adjusting the Clamping Mechanism
The clamps are pre-set at the factory and should
not need any adjustment. However, if adjustment is
needed, remove the stud (A, Fig. 23). Loosen the
locking handle and slide the headstock, tailstock or
tool rest to the edge of the bed and slightly turn the
hex nut (B, Fig. 23). Slide back into position and
test the handle to make sure it securely locks.
Changing the Belt and Bearings
Changing belt and bearings can be a difficult task,
and should be performed by a JET authorized
repair station. Remove headstock and take into a
repair station for servicing.
1. Place the belt in its highest speed range. Do
not change speeds while changing the belt or
bearings.
2. Remove the belt cover, and remove the belt
from the lower pulley, see Figure 24.
3. Loosen the two setscrews in the handwheel
enough to unthread the handwheel (C, Fig. 24).
4. Loosen the socket head cap screw enough to
unthread the clamping nut (D, Fig. 24).
5. Remove one e-ring (E, Fig. 24) from spindle.
6. Loosen the two setscrews in the right hand
pulley (F, Fig. 24).
7. Use a wood dowel, or aluminum stock to knock
the spindle towards the tailstock. Use a
material that is softer than the spindle so you
do not mushroom the end of the spindle. Go
only far enough to remove the right hand pulley
and belt from spindle, see Figure 25 when
changing the belt. Note: Mark the key way on
the pulley for easy reference when
reassembling.
8. Now you can replace the belt or bearings.
There are three bearings #6, 9 and 43 that can
be seen in the “Headstock Assembly,” on
page 25.
9. To reassemble reverse the procedure. Note:
Key way alignment is critical for installment and
proper operation. Do not force the pulley. When
reinstalling clamping nut thread it on to the
spindle until its snug. Then back off slightly and
tighten the socket head cap screw.
Figure 23
Figure 24
Figure 25