Kongsberg EM 710 User manual

EM 710
Multibeam echo sounder
Base version
Maintenance Manual

852-164852
EM 710
Multibeam echo sounder
Maintenance manual

Document revisions
Rev Date Written by Checked by Approved by
A01.07.05 EB KTU KEN
Original issue.
About this document
© 2005 Kongsberg Maritime AS.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without prior notice.
Kongsberg Maritime AS shall not be liable for errors contained herein, or for incidental
or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this
document.
All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be
reproduced or otherwise copied without prior permission from Kongsberg Maritime
AS.
Support: km.hydrographic.[email protected]
24 hrs support telephone: [phone]
Strandpromenaden 50
P.O.Box 111
N-3191 Horten,
Norway

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Chapters
This book is the maintenance manual for the EM 710 multibeam echo sounder. It
describes how to perform intermediate maintenance on the system.
1Purposeanddescription
This section presents a general introduction to the echo sounder system, and
defines the maintenance philosophy. Refer to page 1.
2 Technical specifications
This chapter of the manual presents the technical specifications. Refer to page
8.
3 Cable layout and interconnections
This chapter describes the cabling and interconnections that needs to be made
between the units making up the EM 710. Refer to page 11.
4 Operator Station
This chapter describes the design and operation of the HWS 10. Refer to page
38.
5 Transceiver Unit
This chapter describes the design and operation of the Transceiver Unit. Each
circuit board is explained, as well as overall block diagrams and the theory of
operation. Refer to page 40.
6 Troubleshooting and BIST
This chapter provides basic procedures for automatic and traditional
troubleshooting. It also includes BIST self tests. Refer to page 78.
7 Replacement procedures
This chapter explainshow to perform replacement of theline replaceable units
(LRU). Refer to page 80.
8 Datagram formats
The formats for data input and output to and from the EM Series multibeam
echo sounders are described here. Refer to page 86.
9 Spare parts
This chapter provides a listing of the line replaceable units with illustrations
and order numbers. Refer to page 141.
10 Drawing file
This chapter holds referenced drawings. Refer to page 148.

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Remarks
References
Further information about the EM 710 system supplied, may be found in the following
manuals:
•SIS (Seafloor Information System) Operator Manual
•EM 710 Installation Manual
The reader
This maintenance manual is intended to be used by a trained maintenance technician or
engineer, with experience of electronic and digital circuitry, computers and
electromechanical design. The level of information is based on Kongsberg Maritime’s
maintenance philosophy: The onboard technical personnel shall, with the help of the
documentation and the system’s built-in test functions, be able to identify malfunctions,
locate the fault, and replace major parts, modules and components on the “Line
Replaceable Unit” (LRU) level. He/she will however not attempt to repair the LRUs.

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Table of contents
1PURPOSEANDDESCRIPTION 1..........................
1.1 General 1.................................................
1.2 Maintenance philosophy 1....................................
1.3 System overview 2..........................................
System drawing 4..........................................
System characteristics 5.....................................
1.4 General safety rules 7........................................
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 8..........................
Interfaces 8...............................................
Physical specifications 8....................................
Environmental and EMC specifications 10.......................
System performance data 10..................................
3 CABLE LAYOUT AND INTERCONNECTIONS 11............
3.1 Introduction 11..............................................
3.2 System cabling 12...........................................
Cable layout 12............................................
Shipyard and system cables 12................................
EM 710 Operator Station cables 13.............................
Transceiver Unit cables 16....................................
CPU Board cables 19........................................
BSP67 Board cables 20......................................
Ethernet Switch Board cables 20...............................
RX32 Receiver Board cables 21...............................
TX36 Transmitter Board cables 22.............................
RX RIO cables 24..........................................
RXP RIO cables 24.........................................
BSP RIO cables 25..........................................
Rear I/O cables 25..........................................
TXP RIO cables 26.........................................
TX RIO cables 27...........................................
Typical cable configuration 28.................................
3.3 Transducer cables 32.........................................
Introduction 32.............................................
Transmit array cable markings 33..............................
Receive array cable markings 37...............................

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4 OPERATOR STATION 38....................................
4.1 Description and main functions 38..............................
Overview 38...............................................
4.2 Theory of operation 39.......................................
Overview 39...............................................
Software 39...............................................
Data storage 39.............................................
5 TRANSCEIVER UNIT 40.....................................
5.1 Description and main functions 40..............................
Overview 40...............................................
Receiver rack 41............................................
Transmitter rack 44.........................................
5.2 Theory of operation 46.......................................
Overview 46...............................................
Simplified block diagram 46..................................
5.3 Circuit board descriptions 48...................................
Overview 48...............................................
BSP67 Board 49............................................
cPCI Power Supply 50.......................................
CPU Board with PMC Module 52..............................
Setup for SBS CT-7 CPU Board 54.............................
Ethernet Switch Board 59....................................
Power Supply PSU 6V 60....................................
Power Supply PSU 12V 61...................................
Power Supply PSU 72V 62...................................
Rear Interface Board (BSP RIO) 63.............................
Rear Interface Board (Rear I/O) 64.............................
Rear Interface Board (RX RIO) 65.............................
Rear Interface Board (RXP RIO) 66............................
Rear Interface Board (TX RIO) 67..............................
Rear Interface Board (TXP RIO) 68............................
Receiver Board (RX32) 70....................................
Transmitter Board (TX36) 74..................................
6 TROUBLESHOOTING 78.....................................
6.1 Messages 78................................................
Introduction 78.............................................
6.2 BIST tests 79...............................................

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7 REPLACEMENT PROCEDURES 80...........................
7.1 Introduction 80..............................................
Overview 80...............................................
Safety precautions 80........................................
ESD precautions 80.........................................
7.2 Procedures for Transceiver Unit 82..............................
Overview 82...............................................
Circuit boards 83...........................................
Fuses 84..................................................
Fan drawers 85.............................................
8 EM DATAGRAM FORMATS 86...............................
8.1 Introduction 86..............................................
8.2 Presentation format 86........................................
8.3 Input datagrams 87...........................................
Introduction 87.............................................
Position 88................................................
Attitude data 96............................................
Clock 99..................................................
Sound Speed 100............................................
Depth input from single beam echo sounder 105...................
Remote control 107..........................................
8.4 Output datagrams 108.........................................
Introduction 108.............................................
Depth 110..................................................
Raw range and beam angle 113.................................
Seabed image 115...........................................
Water column 117...........................................
Position 119................................................
Depth (pressure) or height 121..................................
Tide 122...................................................
Attitude 123................................................
Heading 124................................................
Clock 125..................................................
Surface sound speed 126......................................
Sound speed profile 127.......................................
Kongsberg Maritime SSP output 128............................
Single beam echo sounder depth 129.............................
Runtime parameters 130......................................
Installation parameters 134....................................

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8.5 Handling of SSP datagrams 138.................................
Overview 138...............................................
Usage 139..................................................
EM 710 specific 140.........................................
9 SPARE PARTS 141............................................
9.1 Overview 141................................................
9.2 Spares data presentation 141....................................
Spares table 141.............................................
Parts list codes 142...........................................
9.3 Operator Station (HWS 10) spare parts 143........................
9.4 Transceiver Unit 144..........................................
Overview 144...............................................
Receiver rack 144............................................
Transmitter rack 145.........................................
Cables 147.................................................
10 DRAWING FILE 148..........................................
10.1 Overview 148................................................
Generic RS-232 Serial line 171.................................
Generic coax cable 172.......................................
Sound speed probe interface 173................................
Generic RS-232 or RS-422/485 Serial line 174.....................
Trigger in/out 175............................................
Control signals 176..........................................
Remote On/Off control and synchronization 177...................
Standard AC power cable 178..................................
Ethernet with RJ45 plugs (screened) 179..........................
Standard USB cable 180......................................
Keyboard cable 181..........................................
Mouse or pointing device cable 182.............................
Printer cable 183............................................
VGA display cable 184.......................................
Digital Video Interface (DVI) display cable 185....................
Keyboard and rollerball 186....................................
W815 - RX/TX transducer cables 187............................

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High voltage safety
warning
The voltages used to power this
equipment are potentially lethal. Even
110 volts can kill.
Whenever possible, the following precautionary measures
should be taken before any work is carried out inside the
equipment:
•Switch off all high-voltage power supplies.
•Check the operation of any door interlocks
and any other safety devices.
•Completely discharge all high-voltage
capacitors.
It should be noted that interlocks and safety devices are
normally located only at regular access points, and high
voltages may be exposed during dismantling.
NEVER WORK ALONE ON
HIGH-VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT!
FIRST AID IN THE EVENT OF
ELECTRIC SHOCK
Normally, even a high voltage electric shock will not kill
instantly. The victim can still be revived even when his
breathing and heart-beat have ceased.
Could YOU save someone’s life? In the event of electric
shock, the correct actions, performed quickly may well
save the victim’s life. Make sure you know what to do!
Immediate action
While shouting for help, remove the source of power
from the victim. Switch off the supply if possible, or
using a dry, non-conductive material (rubber gloves,
broom handle etc.) to insulate yourself, separate the
victim from the source. If the voltage exceeds 1000 volts,
switch off the supply and be ready to catch the victim.
Take care- do not become a victim yourself.
Commence first aid on the spot. Continue to shout for
assistance till someone arrives.
1Lay the victim flat on his back and loosen any
tight clothing (collar, tie, belt etc.).
2Open his mouth and check for and remove any
false teeth, chewing gum etc.
3Check if the victim is breathing. If not, check if
his heart is beating. The pulse is normally easily found in
the main arteries of the neck, either side of the throat, up
under the chin.
If his heart is beating but he is not breathing, commence
ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION. If the victim’s heart is
not beating, commence EXTERNAL CARDIAC
MASSAGE (ECM). Continue to shout for assistance till
someone arrives.
EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE
1Kneel beside the victim. Place the heel of one
hand in the centre of his chest, at a position half way
between the notch between the collar-bones at the top of
his chest, and the dip in the breast-bone at the base of his
rib cage. Place the other hand on top of the first.
2Keeping the arms straight and using your entire
weight, press down rapidly so that the breast bone is
depressed four- five cm, then release the pressure. Repeat
rhythmically at a rate of one cycle per second. This will
be hard work, but keep going. His life depends on YOU.
Do not worry about breaking his ribs - these will heal if
he survives.

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ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
1Kneel besides the victim’s head. Place one
hand under his neck and lift, allowing his head to
fall back. This will lift his tongue and open the air
passage in his throat.
2Place the palm of the hand on his forehead
to maintain the ”chin-up” position.
3Using the index finger and thumb of the
same hand, pinch the victim’s nostrils closed.
Open his mouth.
4Take a deep breath and cover his mouth
with yours. Blow steadily into his lungs to expand
his chest. Remove your mouth from his to allow
the air to escape from his chest. You should be
able to see his chest deflate.
5Repeat the ”inflation-deflation” cycle at a
rate of about 12 cycles per minute till the victim
begins to breath normally again.
COMBINING ECM AND
ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
If you are alone, perform ONE cycle of artificial
respiration for every FIVE cycles of ECM. This will be
hard work, but keep going. His life depends on YOU!
If there are other people available to help, one should
perform the ECM while one performs the artificial
respiration for every five cycles of ECM. It will be much
more efficient with two people.
Once the victim’s heart is beating and he is breathing, roll
him onto his side and support him in that position. As
consciousness returns he may vomit, and this will allow
any liquid to drain out of his mouth.
Remove the victim to a hospital as soon as possible, but
do not interrupt the artificial respiration and EMC cycles
till his heart beat and breathing returns.
If started quickly and performed correctly, the
resuscitation methods described will keep a sufficient
volume of oxygenated blood flowing trough the victims
body to allow full recovery.
Proficiency in the resuscitation methods can only be
achieved trough training. All personnel concerned should
attend courses on a regular basis. Remember, someone’s
life could depend on you.
DO YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO?

Purpose and description
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1PURPOSEANDDESCRIPTION
1.1 General This is the maintenance manual for the EM 710 multibeam echo
sounder system.
The manual contains detailed descriptions of each of the units in
the system. Each circuit board and mechanical assembly is
described. The manual also describes the troubleshooting
process based on the Built-In Self test (BIST) software, and it
includes procedures for disassembly and reassembly of the
replaceable items.
This manual does not describe the maintenance of the Operator
Station and the peripheral devices (printers, plotters and
sensors). For information about these items, refer to the
applicable manufacturer’s documentation.
The manual will also list the unique boards in the different
system delivered.
1.2 Maintenance philosophy
Kongsberg Maritime AS defines three levels for maintenance
manuals:
Organizational - You will only perform limited preventive and
corrective maintenance on the system. There is no need for
technical education or training, and no need for any instruments.
Typical tasks are exterior cleaning, or changing fuses.
Intermediate - You will perform overall preventive and
corrective maintenance on the system. It is recommended that
you are an educated engineer with experience from
computerized design and mechanical systems. It is further
expected that you can use standard electronic instruments, such
as an oscilloscope. You should be trained by Kongsberg
Maritime to perform maintenance on the system. Typical tasks
may include troubleshooting, testing and circuit board
replacement.
Depot - You will perform detailed maintenance on the system
and on the circuit boards and modules. You must be an educated
engineer with experience of computerized design and
mechanical systems. It is further expected that you can use
standard electronic instruments, such as an oscilloscope. You
should be trained by Kongsberg Maritime to perform
maintenance on the system. Typical tasks are circuit board
repair.
Note This maintenance manual is prepared for the intermediate level.

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1.3 System overview
Key facts
The EM 710 multibeam echo sounder is a high to very high
resolution seabed mapping system capable of meeting all
relevant survey standards. The system configuration can be
tailored to the user requirements, allowing for choice of
beamwidths as well as transmission modes. The minimum
acquisition depth is from less than 3 m below its transducers,
and the maximum acquisition depth is up to 2000 m.
Acrosstrack coverage (swath width) is up to 5.5 times water
depth to a maximum of more than 2000 m. The sounding
density is very high, allowing even the very demanding LINZ
special order survey specification for object detection to be met
in full.
There are three basic versions of the EM 710:
•EM 710 - Full performance version.
•EM 710S - CW pulse forms only.
•EM 710RD - Short CW pulse only.
The reduced performance versions EM 710S and EM 710RD
are upgradable to full performance.
Innovative acoustic principles
The EM 710 operates at sonar frequencies in the 70 to 100 kHz
range. The transmit fan is divided into three sectors to maximize
range capability but also to suppress interference from multiples
of strong bottom echos. The sectors are transmitted sequentially
within each ping, and uses distinct frequencies or waveforms.
Both CW pulses of different lengths and even longer,
compressible waveforms (chirps) are utilized. The alongtrack
beamwidth depends upon the chosen transducer configuration
with 0.5, 1 and 2 degrees available as standard. Focusing is
applied individually to each transmit sector to retain the angular
resolutioninsidethenearfield.Apingrateofupto25per
second is possible. The transmit fan is electronically stabilized
for roll, pitch and yaw.
The EM 710 has a receive beamwidth of either 1 or 2 degrees
depending on the chosen receive transducer. The number of
beams is 256 or 128 respectively, with dynamic focusing
employed in the near field.
A high density beam processing mode provides up to 400 or 200
soundings per swath by using a limited range window for the
detections, which in practice is equivalent to synthetically
sharpening the beamwidth.

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With a 0.5 degree transmit and 1 degree receive transducer the
system will be able to generate two separate alongtrack swaths
per ping. The system produces up to 800 soundings per ping in
this mode.
The beamspacing may be set to be either equiangular or
equidistant. The receive beams are electronically roll stabilized.
This can be used to increase the resolution beyond what is
achievable in normal operation. In high density mode, the size
of each acoustic footprint is reduced to fit the higher sounding
density. The coverage may be limited by the operator either in
angle or in swath width without reducing the number of beams.
A combination of phase and amplitude bottom detection
algorithm is used, in order to provide soundings with the best
possible accuracy.
Acoustical seabed imaging
Integrated seabed acoustical imaging capability is included as
standard. Software to use this data for automatic seabed
classification is available.
Water column backscatter
A real time display window for water column backscatter is
available. Logging of water column data and of raw stave data
(before beamforming) is a system option.
Choice of operator softwares
The EM 710 is delivered as a complete stand-alone seabed
mapping system. The Operator Station, a high-performance PC
workstation, includes the necessary operator controls for setting
up and running the system, data logging and system testing. The
Seafloor Information System (SIS) by Kongsberg Maritime
also includes an extensive set of graphical displays for data
quality control, as well as system calibration and other tools
which are required. SIS supports on-line real-time data cleaning
to improve the overall survey efficiency.
Post-processing software for the EM 710 is available from both
Kongsberg Maritime and third-party suppliers.

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System drawing
Figure 1 EM 710 system units and interfaces
(CD21601a)
Transceiver
Unit
Interfaces (serial and
Ethernet):
Sound Speed probe
Tide
Single beam echo
sounder depths
Operator
Station
2 or 4
Serial interfaces:
Positioning systems
Attitude (roll, pitch and heave)
Heading
Clock
Supply voltage:
115 or 230 Vac 50/60 Hz
Trigger input/output
Clock synchronization
Special interfaces:
Transmit transducer array
Receive transducer array
5, 10 or 20
Remote Control
(Optional)

Purpose and description
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System characteristics
Main units
The basic EM 710 multibeam echo sounder consists four units:
•Transmit Transducer
•Receive Transducer
•Transceiver Unit
•Operator Station
A complete mapping system will in addition include a vessel
motion sensor, heading sensor, sound velocity sensor(s) and a
positioning system.
Transducers
The EM 710 transducers arefully water tight unitsintended for
many years of trouble-free operation in rough seas. The transmit
and receive transducers both have a width of 224 mm and a height
of 118 mm. Their length depends upon thechosen beamwidth,
either 970 mm for a 1 degreeunit or 490 mm for a 2 degrees unit.
The weightsare respectively35 and 18 kg(excluding cables). The
transducers have a maximum depth rating of 250 m.
A transmit beamwidth of 0.5 degree is achieved by mounting
two 970 mm transmit transducers together alongship. Such a
beamwidth reduction is not possible with the receive transducer.
The transducers are supplied as standard with 15 m long
underwater cables terminated with a surface connector directly
pluggable into the Transceiver Unit. On special order
underwater connectors or longer cables may be supplied. Five or
ten cables are used on the transmit transducer, two or four on the
receive transducer, in accordance with the transducer length.
Transceiver Unit
The EM 710 Transceiver Unit contains all transmit and receive
electronics, and the Processing Unit which performs the
beamforming, bottom detection, and motion and sound speed
corrections. It contains all interfaces for time-critical external
sensors such as vessel attitude (roll, pitch, heading and heave),
vessel position and external clock. More than one sensor of each
type may be connected simultaneously, with one in use but all
logged.
The Transceiver Unit comprises two 19” sub-racks contained in
a cabinet designed for bulkhead or deck mounting. The number
of circuit boards will depend upon the chosen transducer
configuration. Twisted pair Ethernet is used for data
communication with the Operator Station.

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Operator Station
The Operator Station of the EM 710 is the HWS 10 high
performance dual-processor PC workstation. The operator
software is the Seafloor Information System (SIS). The HWS 10
is dual bootable to either Linux® or Windows XP®.
SIS, as a minimum, allows setting the EM 710 installation and
runtime parameters, data logging and running self-test on the
system without restrictions.
The SIS software also includes functionality for survey
planning, 2D and 3D geographical display of the survey results,
seabed image and water column displays, plus real-time data
cleaning algorithms.
Alternatively, third-party software solutions can be used for the
operator interface and real-time processing.
The HWS 10 is normally supplied with a 17.4” industrialized
LCD monitor with a resolution of 1280x1024 pixels. Support
for a second monitor is included. A spill-proof US keyboard and
a standard optical mouse is normally supplied, but optionally a
small IP 65 rated keyboard with integrated track stick can be
delivered.

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1.4 General safety rules
The system operates on 115 and/or 230 Vac, 50/60 Hz without
any need for wiring changes.
Warning This voltage can be lethal.
The following safety precautions must be followed at all times
during installation and maintenance work:
•Always switch off all power before installation or
maintenance. Use the main circuit breaker, and label the
breaker with a warning sign that informs others that
maintenance or installation work is being carried out on the
system.
•Read and understand the first aid instructions for electric
shock.
•For safety reasons during troubleshooting on the equipment
with power ON, two persons should always be present.
•Whenever maintenance is carried out, it is essential that a
first aid kit is available, and that the maintenance personnel
are familiar with the first aid instructions for electrical shock.
•The various parts of the system are heavy. Make sure that the
appropriate tools and certified lifting equipment are
available, and that the personnel are trained in installation
and maintenance work.

EM 710 / Base version
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2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Note Kongsberg Maritime is engaged in continuous development of
its products and reserves the right to alter specifications without
prior notice.
Interfaces
•Serial lines with operator adjustable baud rate, parity, data
length and stop bit length for:
- Motion sensor (roll, pitch, heave and optionally heading)
in format supported by sensors from Applanix, iXSEA,
Kongsberg Seatex and VT TSS
- Heading (gyrocompass) in either NMEA 0183 HDT,
SKR82/LR60 or Sperry Mk39 format
- Position in either Simrad 90, NMEA 0183 GGA or GGK
format
- External clock in NMEA 0183 ZDA format
- Sound speed at transducer
- Sea level height (tide)
- Single beam echo sounder depths
- Output of depth straight down in NMEA 0183 DPT
format
•Interface for a 1PPS (pulse per second) clock synchronisation
signal
•SCSI interface intended for tape drive
•Firewire interface for external data storage device (tape or
disk)
•USB 2.0 interfaces for data storage, printing or plotting
•Parallel interface for PostScript colour graphics
printer/plotter
•Ethernet interface for input of sound speed profile, tide and
echo sounder depths, and output of all data normally logged
to disk
Physical specifications
Transducer, 2 degrees version
Length: 490 mm
Width: 224 mm
Height: 118 mm
Weight: 18 kg (nominal without cables)