Leica DM L User manual

Leica DM L
Instructions

2
3rd edition, issued in 1998 by:
Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH
Ernst-Leitz-Strasse
D-35578 Wetzlar, P.O. Box 2040
Responsible for contents:
Microscopy product management Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]

4
Important notes on this manual....................... 7
Assembly and description of components.... 8
Unpacking ............................................................ 8
Installation site ................................................... 8
Safety .................................................................... 8
Mains voltage, fuses .......................................... 9
Filters, polarizers................................................. 11
Condensers .......................................................... 11
Stages, tube system ........................................... 17
Incident light modules........................................ 18
Eyepieces, graticules......................................... 20
Objectives............................................................. 21
Light sources, lamp change.............................. 21
Performance parameters .................................. 27
Objectives............................................................. 27
Eyepieces ............................................................. 29
Tube system ......................................................... 31
Condensers .......................................................... 32
Total magnification ............................................. 33
Simple survey observation................................ 33
Operation.............................................................. 34
Basic setting for transmitted light ................... 34
Filters .................................................................... 36
Condensers, Koehler illumination.................... 37
Phase contrast .................................................... 42
Transmitted light darkfield................................. 44
Transmitted light polarization ........................... 46
Transmitted light interference contrast.......... 48
Incident light techniques................................... 52
Linear measurements ........................................ 58
Thickness measurements ................................. 59
TV microscopy..................................................... 60
Contents
Care and maintenance ...................................... 62
Wearing and spare parts, tools ....................... 63
Supplementary information.............................. 64
Tubes ..................................................................... 64
Intermediate modules ........................................ 64
Heating stages..................................................... 66
Viewing attachments/Tracing device ............. 67
Diapositive overlay ............................................. 68
Macro device....................................................... 70
Index...................................................................... 74
EU Conformity declaration ............................... 75

5
General specifications
General specifications
The Leica DML microscope family
consists of a number of variants such as:
Leica DMLB (30 W lamp/with transformer supply/30 T)
020-519.500 to 020-519.503
Leica DMLB (30 W
lamp/with switched mode
power supply/
30 S)
020-519.504 to 020-519.507
Leica DMLB
(100Wlamp/with switched mode
power supply/10
0 S )
020-519.507 to 020-519.511
Leica DMLP and DMLM
(100Wlamp/with switched mode
power supply/10
0 S )
020-520.701 to 020-520.718
Distribution voltage (mains) 30 T 230/115/100 V ~ ±10%
(→p. 9): 30 S 90 – 250 V~
100 S 90 – 250 V~
Frequency: 50 – 60 Hz
Power consumption 30 T max. 145 VA
(→p. 9): 30 S max. 145 VA
100 S max. 160 W
Fuses: see page 63
Ambient temperature: 10 – 36°C
Relative humidity: 0 – 80 % up to 30°C
For inside use only
Overvoltage category: II
Pollution degree: 2

6
Transmitted light path
1Transmitted light source (30 or 100 W)
2Filter, permanently built-in
33 switchable filters*
4Field diaphragm
5Focusing
6Polarizer*
7Condenser, with disc*
8Aperture diaphragm
9Stage with specimen
10 Objectives
11 Tube slot (IC prisms*, compensator*)
12 Tube lens system in the tube
13 Tube prisms
14 Eyepiece (intermediate image,
14 field diaphragm)
* not part of all configurations
Incident light path*
16–20: Vertical illuminator*
15 Light source* (halogen, Hg or Xe)
16 Filter (BG 38)
17 Light stop
18 Aperture diaphragm
19 Field diaphragm
20 Filter system or incident light reflector
Cross section diagram of DAS Mikroskop LEICA DM LB
14
13
12b
12a
20
19
18
17
16
15
11
10
1
2
3
9
7
8
6
5
4

7
This manual is an integral part of the product
and must be read carefully before switching
on and using the microscope!
Text symbols and their meanings:
Numbers in brackets, e.g. (1.2),
refer to illustrations, in this
example Fig. 1, pos. 2.
Numbers with an arrow, e.g.
→p. 20, refer to a specific page
in this manual.
Special safety information is
printed on a grey background
and marked with the symbol
on the left.
Warning of hot surface.
n.b. Incorrect operation can
damage the microscope or
accessories.
Explanatory note.
Component is not part of every
configuration.
The Leica DML microscope series consists of
several basic stands and a range of modular
components allowing an almost unlimited
variety of individual outfits. Therefore this
manual has been given a modular layout as well
to show you other possible configurations
besides your own. It applies to the microscope
Leica DMLB(mainly for biological and medical
applications) and, together with a supple-
mentary manual, to the microscopes DMLP
(polarized light) and DMLM(material
examinations). The manual is divided into three
main chapters:
Assembly, Performance parameters, Operation
The manual is multilingual. Due to the spiral
binding you can turn the language you want
to the front. A foldable pocket-sized set of brief
instructions is also available in various
languages for the different basic stands, please
consult your supplier. A list of key data on
objectives, eyepieces, graticules and fluores-
cence filter cubes is also supplied with this
microscope. It is constantly being updated.
Special manuals are delivered with some addi-
tional equipment such as microscope cameras,
heating stages, and also in case of modi-
fications. We also print extensive brochures on
microscopy, which can be ordered, as can extra
copies of this manual, from our agencies for a
cover charge.
Important notes on this manual
(1.2)
→ p. 20
!
*
Attention:

8
ergonomically designed chair which can be
adjusted in several positions are the external
prerequisities for fatigue-free microscopy.
Safety
To guarantee that the microscope and
accessories are in a perfectly safe condition,
please note the following advice and
warnings: The mains plug must only be
inserted into a grounded outlet. If an
extension cord is used, it must be grounded
as well. Using the ground connection (1.7),
any accessories connected to the
microscope which have their own and/or a
different power supply can be given the same
ground conductor potential. Please consult
our servicing personnel if you intend to
connect units without a ground conductor.
The instruments and accessories described
in this manual have been safety-tested and
checked for possible hazards. Before
modifying the instrument in any way or
combining it with non-Leica products not
dealt with in this manual, it is essential to
consult the Leica agency for your area or the
main factory in Wetzlar!
Attention:
Attention:
Attention:
Unpacking, documents
Please compare the delivery carefully with the
packing note, delivery note or invoice. We
strongly recommend that you keep a copy of
these documents with the manual, so that you
have information on the time and scope of
delivery later when ordering more equipment or
when the microscope is serviced. Make sure
that no small parts are left in the packing
material. Some of our packing material has
symbols indicating environment-friendly
recycling.
When taking the microscope out of its packing
and putting it onto the desk, take care not to
damage the sensitive vibration-damping feet on
the bottom of the microscope.
On no account should you connect the
microscope and peripherals to the mains yet
→p. 9 (mains voltage) and p. 52 (incident
light only).
Installation site
Make sure that the workplace is free from oil
and chemical fumes. Vibrations, direct sunlight
and major temperature fluctuations have a
negative effect on measurements and
photomicrography. A stable desk of optimum
height (70 – 80 cm) is important. This and an
Attention:
Installation and safety
!
Attention:
!

9
Data, Setting the mains voltage
Some of the following data may vary according
to the model:
Built-in supply Type L 30 T (Fig. 1a)
Non-stabilized (major fluctuations in the mains
voltage may lead to visible falloff of image
brightness and colour shifts in photography).
Max. output 30 W (%12 V). Power consumption
45 VA.
Switchable voltage setting 230 V or 115 V (+10/
– 20 %) on the back of the microscope (1 and 2).
For users where the local mains voltage is
100 – 120 V: the microscope has been set at
230 V at the factory! Make sure to disconnect
from the mains before switching the voltage
(230 or 115 V)!
Attention:
4 7 9 10 8579108 6791083
Attention:
Transit protection
To avoid damage caused by vibration, take the
following precautions before transporting the
microscope: disassemble the objectives and
condenser (14.7). Remove the stage after
loosening the clamp screw (28.13). Block the
vertical movement of the stage bracket by fitting
hard foam rubber between the microscope
base, stage bracket and objective nosepiece.
Built-in power supply
The DML microscope series can be supplied
with 3 different built-in power supplies for 12 V
halogen lamps, depending on its intended
application.
Power supply
Fig. 1a–c Backs of DM L microscopes
aType L 30 T, b Type L 30 S, c Type L 100 S
1Type plate, 2115/230 V switch (type L 30 T only), 3Connection for 12 V 100 W lamp, type L 100 S only; some configurations also
have 2 100 W ports with switch, e.g. for alternate operation (transmitted/incident light), 412 V 30 W halogen lamp, 5Cover, only
for 30 W (removed in Fig. 3a), 6Adapter ring with clamp screw for 100 W lamphousing, 7Ground connection, 8Mains switch
with pilot lamp, 9Mains cable connection, 10 Fuse module with 2 fuses (type indicated on adhesive label)
abc
1
2
11
!

10
Built-in power supply Type L 30 S and
Type L 100 S (Figs. 1b and 1c)
Electronic stabilisation of output voltage %12 V.
Automatic adaptation to the local mains voltage
of 90 – 250 V, continuous. Max. output 30 or
100 W. Power consumption 45 or 160 W.
Fuses
All versions of the stand are equipped with
safety fuses on both phases. The fuse module
(1.10) can be removed with a sharp object.
Safety data →back of microscope (1.10); code
no. →p. 63.
The fuse ratings apply for all mains voltages.
Attention:
On no account should you use fuses of dif-
ferent ratings.
External power units
Assembly of lamphousings, lamp change
→
p. 21; 23.
Gas discharge lamps (Hg, Xe → p. 24) are
always fed by external power units. For incident
light, the 100 W halogen lamp can alternatively
also be run on an external power unit, e.g. for
simultaneous transmitted and incident light
illumination. A separate instruction manual is
supplied for external power units.
Fig. 2 Assembly tools
1Crosstip screwdriver*, 23 mm hexagonal screwdriver,
32 mm centering keys*, condenser UCL/UCLP, 41.5 mm
centering keys*, 53 mm Allen key*, 62.5 mm Allen key*
(short version)
Fig. 3 The main microscope components
* not part of all configurations
1
23
4
56
Eyepieces
Illuminator*/Intermediate system*
Objective
nosepiece
Specimen
stage
Condenser Transmitted
light
source
Tube
Stand
Microscope base
Reflected
light
source

11
3a
2a
2b
2c 1b
1a
1c
3
4c
5c
4b
5b
4a
5a
Assembly tools
You only need a few ordinary screwdrivers to
assemble your microscope. These are supplied
with the delivery. Replacements for lost tools
can be obtained from us or from a tool shop
(Fig. 2, spare parts list, → p. 63).
Filter magazine* Transmitted light
Turn the microscope stand upside down (tube
and intermediate systems are not assembled!)
loosen the 3 screws (4.1) and lift off the base
plate.
Insert the filters (Ø 40 mm) into the semicircular
mounts (4.2). This does not have to be done in
any particular order. The name of the filter can
Filter holders for transmitted light
be seen on its edge, e.g. N 16. Stick corre-
sponding adhesive labels close to the operating
levers (4.5). Cf → 33.7, put filter magazine back
in position (4.1; 33.7).
Filter holder*
Attachment: 2 filters or Pol components with
32 mm diameter (32.5) can be inserted in the
filter holder (5.3; 32.1). The slit above the ICT/P
polarizer (6.3) is only for λ- or λ/4 compensator
(32.5).
Push the guide hole (5.3) into the guide pin at the
bottom (right) of the condenser holder and
attach holder with knurled screw (left) (5.1; 5.2).
Fig. 4 Fitting the filter magazine (trans-
mitted light)
1a, b, c Openings for fastening screws,
2Mounts for Ø 40 mm filters, 3Filter,
4Switch lever, 5Adhesive label
Fig. 5 Filter holder (mounting diameter
32 mm, →Fig. 32 and 33)
1Hole for attachment, 2Fastening screw
(above it; condenser centration
illustrated), 3Hole for guide pin, 4Filter
holder* with 2 filter mounts, 5Condenser
clamp screw
Fig. 6 Polarizer L ICT/P for transmitted
light
1Fastening screw, 2Polarizer, 3Mount
for λ- or λ/4 compensator, 4Polarizer
mount, rotatable
12
34
3
45
1
2