Leica DM LM Reference guide
Cross-section diagram
of
DAS
Mikroskop
Leica
OM
LM
Reflected
light
path
i
1 Lamphousing
(12
V
100
W halogen
lamp
+
or
Xe/Hg
lamp
'
),
2 Universal reflected light
illuminator
LU
+,31ntegrated
magazine
for 4* filter
s,
4Diffusing screen, 5
Fie
lddiaphragm,
centerable, 6Aperture diaphragm, centerable, 7Polarizer*, w
ith
/w
ithout Acompensator,
8 Reflectors
or
fluorescence filter
systems
(a
=
OF
reflector*, b =
BF
reflector, c =
Pol
Smith
reflector
*),
9 Interference contrast
prism
*,
10
Objective nosepiece, objecti
ves
+,
lOa
Two-beam interference attachment Mireau design,
lOb
Two-beam interference
attachment Michelson design,
11
Stage
• with specimen,
12
Analyser*,
13
Tub
e
lens
system,
14
Deflecting prisms
in
the
tube,
15
Eyepiece(s), graticule*
Transmitted
light
illumination*
16
12
V
100
W* light source,
17
Integ
rateable filter,
18
Filter
magazine
* with 3* filter posi-
tions,
19
Field
diaphragm,
20
Polarizer+*,
21
Slot
for rotatable A
and
A/
4 compensator,
22
Condenser disc
+*
with interference contrast prisms*, light rings* for darkfield/
ph
ase
contrast, lens*, for 2.
5x
objective, A
and
A/
4 compensator*,
23
Condenser aperture
diaphragm,
24
Condenser lenses
+
var
iou
s possibilities; * not part of
all
conf
igu
rat
io
ns
®registered trademark
De
sign
an
specifications subject
to
alteration without notice.
Printed
in
Germany
Order
nos.
of
the
edit
ion
in:
English
Germ
an
Fre
nch
Spain
933
765
933
764
933
766
933
768
Part-No.
501-125
Printed
in
Ge
rm
any
08/00/GW/K
H
Leica
Microsystems Wetzlar
GmbH
Ernst-
Leitz-Stra
13
e
D-35578
Wetzlar
(Germany)
Tel.
+49
(0)
64
41-29
0
Fax
+49(0)6441-292255
http
:/
/www.l
ei
ca
.c
om
Brief
instructions
Fig
.1
DAS
Mikroskop
Leica
OM
LM
for reflected
and
tran
sm
itted* light techniques
1
Eyepiece,
with adjustab
le
eyelens
*,
anti-glare protection, 2 Interpupillary distance
setting, 3 Analyser slot (reflected light), 4 Turret
plate
(reflectors, fluorescence filter
systems),
5
Opening
(x
= recessed
gr
ip
in
lid
for fitting reflectors,
etc.),
6 Mount for
IC
prisms
(interference contrast), 7
Ob
jective nosepiece with
M25
or
M32
(BD)
thread,
8
Stage
rotation
clamp
screw, 9
Condenser
*,w
ith
centering screws
on
the
left
and
right
and
condenser fixing screw
on
the
right,
10
Polarizer* (transmitted light),
11
Fine
focus-
ing,
(two-step*
H),
12
Coarse
focusing
(
~
Fig
2),
13
Torque
adjustment coarse focus,
14
Mains
switch(
~
Fig.
2),
15
Field
diaphragm
*,
16
Brightness
adJustment,
17
Polarizer*
(reflected light),
18
Field
diaphragm centration,
19
Fi
eld
diaphragm control,
20
Aperture
di
aphragm
centrat
ion
,
21
Aperture diaphragm control,
22
Filter
magazine,
23
Clamp
screw
(stage
height),
24
Stage
height
stop,
25
Alternating switch, reflected
/t
ransmitted
light
*,
26
Filter
magazine
* (transmitted light)
*not
part
of
all
configurations
This
brief
manual
is
a
summary
of
the detailed German/English/French
OM
LM
manual
supplied with every microscope.
The
full
manual
also
describes
the
assembly
of
the
entire
microscope
and
the
automatic
adjustment
to
the
mains
voltage
in
a
range
from.
90
V-250
V/50
-
60
Hz
.
2
Make
sure
to
observe the safety information
in
the full
manual
when changing a
lamp!
Basic
brightfield
setting
Align
the
specimen.
Release
the
stage
height
stop
(1.24).
Roughly
adjust
the
vertical position
of
the microscope
stage
with
the
coarse focus
(1
.
12)
and
stage
clamp
(1.23)
.
The
position
of
the
clamp
lever
(1.23)
can
be
changed
by
pulling it vigorously outwards(=
to
the
right)
and
then
rotating
it.
Switch
on
the
light source
(1
.14)
and
switch
to
reflected light*
(1.25)
if necessary.
Engage
the
BF
(=
brightfield)
or
the
Smith
reflector
(1.4).
Turn
a
lOx
or
5x
objec-
tive
into
the
light
path,
switch
the
tube beamsplitter*
to
the
observation
posi
-
tion (if relevant).
Remove
the
analyser*
(1.3),
polarizer*
(1.17)
and
IC
prism
*
(1.6)
from
the
light
path
if present
(pull
out
part
way).
Adjust
lamp
brightness
(1.
16).
Eyeglass
wearers:
Remove
or
turn
back
the
anti-g
Ia
re
protection (1
.1
).
Narrow
the
field diaphragm
(1.19),
adjust
the
coarse focus
(1.12)
until the field
diaphragm
is
roughly
in
focus;
set
the
torque
of
the coarse focusing
(1.13)
if desired. Switch
the
fine
focusing
at
"f
ine"
or
"medium"
by
sliding
the
focus
knob
(
1.11)
to
the
left*
or
right. Sharply focus
the
specimen with
the
fine
focus.
Open
the field diaphragm
(1.19)
until
the
whole field
of
view
is
illuminated.
Set
the
eyep
ie
ce
eyelens
(1.1)
and
the
interpupillary distance
(1.2)
. Adjust
the contrast with
the
aperture diaphragm
(1.21).
The
field diaphragm
and
aperture diaphragm
can
be
centered according
to
the
instructions
in
the
full
manual
(1.18;
1.20).
Reflected
light
polarization
*
First
set
as
for brightfield
(see
above).
Use
a
BF
or
Smith
reflector.
Set
the
polarizer
(1.17):
Polarizer
POL
*:
Replug
the
round
polarizer mount
on
the
back
so
that
the
arrow H
is
in
a horizontal position. Insert
the
polarizer
(1.17)
as
far
as
the
second
clickstop. Slot
in
the analyser
(1.3)
and
rotate until
the
desired
contrast
is
set.
Polarizer
ICR
*:
Insert the polarizer
so
that the Aengraving
(lambda)
points
to
the
back.
Push
in
the
ana
ly
ser
(1
.
3)
as
far
as
the
second
clickstop.
Set
the
zero
position (= markings
co
in
cide).
Rotate
the
polarizer until isotropic
objects (mirror) appear
dark.
Polarizer
with
rotatable
A.
comprensator
(not illustrated):
Set
the
analyser
at
the
zero
position.
Rotate
the
whole-wave compensator roughly
th
the
centre
position.
Rotate
the
polarizer until
the
object
is
as
dark
or
as
richly contrasted
as
possible,
then
turn
the
whole-wave compensator until
you
achieve colour
contrast.
ICR
reflected
light
interference
contrast
*
Set
brightfield
(see
above).
Cross
the
polarizers exactly
(see
above),
use
PL
FLUOTAR*
or
PL
APO*
objectives
(use
of
N
PLAN
objectives
is
greatly
restricted). Slot
the
objective
prism
(1.6)
that corresponds
to
the
code
letter
in
the
top
line
of
the
objective engraving
(e.
g.
"D")
above
the
objective
nose-
piece
(1.6)
.Adjust
the
image
contrast with the setting screw
on
the
objective
prism
(1
.
6)
and
adjust
the
aperture diaphragm
(1.21
).
Colour
contrast: slot
in
the
polarizer with
the
A
sign
pointing
to
the
front.
Reflected
light
darkfield
*
Turn
in
a special darkfield objective ("BD",
1.7).
Turn
in
the
"BO"
reflector
(1.4),
open
the
field diaphragm
(1.19),
set
the
contrast with
the
aperture
diaphragm
(1
.
21
).
3
Reflected light fluorescence*
Use
a filter
system
(1
.
4)
that
is
suitable for
the
fluorescence specimen.
To
obtain a brighter
image:
Screw
the
illumination booster
(not
illustrated)
between
the
lamphousing
and
LU
illuminator
(not
necessary for special
fluorescence illuminator
(LRF).
Check
the
lamp
centration*
and
lamp
focusing*~
detailed instruction
manual.
&
Danger
of explosion if wrongly adjusted!
Open
the aperture diaphragm
(1
.
21),
set
the
field diaphragm
(1.19)
to
the
diameter
of
the
field
of
view
(max.
eyepiece field
of
view number=
20!)
,
center if necessary
(1.18
;
1.20).
Disengage
the
polarizers
(1.3;
1.
17).
Not possible for microscope
models
without
an
integrated transmitt
ed
light
axis.
Basic brightfield setting
Operate
mains
switch
(2
.
9)
switch
to
transmitted light
(1.25),
adjust brightne
ss
(1.11);
secure specimen.
Turn
in
lOx
objective.
UCA/P
condensers
only_(.Eig,J,)
and
APL.
ACHR
. condensers
0.9
(P),
without
Fig~
Swing
in
condenser
top
(3.4;
3.
1)
.
Release
stage
height
stop
(1.24).
M
ov
e
stage
(2.7;
1.23)
and
condenser
(2.4)
upwards.
Set
the
turret
plate
*
(2.15
)at
the
BF
= brightfield position
or
pull
out
light
ring
slide*
(5.2)
.
Set
the
field
diaphragm
(2.10)
and
aperture diaphragm
(2.14;
3.6;
5.1)
rougly
at
the
center
position.
Focus
the
image
with the coarse
and
fine focus
(2
.7;
2.8).
An
add
i-
tional focusing sensitivity*
can
be
obtained
by
sliding
the
focus
knob
to
the
leftH
or
right
(2.8).
Setthe·torque for
the
coarse focus control if desired
(2
.
6).
Adjust brightness
(2
.
11
).
Fig.
2 Transmitted light controls
(for
example
with
UCL
condenser)
1Analyser sl
ot
(TL
only)
2
Specimen
holder screw
3
Ho
lefor centering
key
(UCL
condenser)
4 Condenser height adjustment
(bi
lateral controls)
5Settable condenser height
stop
6
Torque
setti
ng
for coarse focus
7
Coarse
focusing
8
Fine
focusing (two-step* H )
9 Mains switch
and
pilot
lamp
10
Field
diaphragm
11
Brightness adjustment
12
Mount for
IC
prisms
and
compensators (tube sl
it)
13
Stage
rotation cl
amp
screw
14
Aperture diaphragm
15
Condenser turret plate*,--+
Fig.
9
16a,
b Condenser centration
17
Stage
he
ight
stop
18
x,
y
stage
adjustment
4
In
the
case
of
adjustable eyepieces*
(1.1
):adjust
the
eye
lens
until
the
edge
of
the
field
of
view
or
the
two
images
appear optimally focused.
Set
the
inter-
pupillary distance*
on
the
tube
(1.2).
Koehler illumination
Narrow
(4a)
the
field diaphragm
(1.10).
Sharply focus
(4b)
the
edge
of
the
field
diaphragm with
the
condenser height adjustment
(2
.
4)
and/or
the
condenser
height
stop
(2
.
5).
Center
(4c)
the
image
of
the
field diaphragm with
the
two centering
keys
(2.16a
/
b)
.
Open
the
field
diaphragm
(2
.1
0)
until
it
just
disappears
from
the
field
of
vie
w
(4d)
.Adjust
the
aperture diaphragm
(6.2;
5.
1;
3.6)
until
you
obtain
optimum
contrast.
*not
part
of
all
configurati
ons!
One
of
the following contrasting techniques should
be
used
for colourless
specimens:
Darkfield*
DF
and
phase
contrast*
PH
Focusing:
To
make
it easier
to
find
the
specimen
plane,
pull
out
the
light
ring
sli
de*
(5.2)
or
turn
the
condenser turret plate*
(6.3
;3.
5)
to
the
BF
position
and
clo
se
the
aperture diaphragm
(3
.
6;
5.1;
6.2).
Koehler illumination
setting(~
p.
5
and
Fig
.
4).
Open
aperture diaphragm
(3.6;
5.1;
6.2)
fully.
UCA
and
APL
.
ACHR
.0.9
(P)
condensers
only~
Sw
ing
in
the
condenser
top
(3
.1;3.
4).
CL
/
PH
*
,_C_LE
/
PH
*
and
APL.
ACHR.
0.9
(Pl
condensers:
DF:
Pu
sh
the
OF
slide
(5
.
3)
into
the
condenser
as
far
as
the
stop
(5
.
2).
Ma
x
imum
objective aperture 0.
75!
PH:
S
wi
ng
in
a
phase
contrast objective
and
slot
in
the
corresponding light
rin
g
slide
(5.2
and
5.
3),
e.g.
PH
2,
as
far
as
the
stop
.
Fig
.3
UCA
/Pcondenser
Fig.
4 Setting Koehler
il
luminati
on
Fig
.5
CL
/
PH
or
CLP/PH
condenser
Fig.
6
UCL/UCLP
condenser
_S_pecial
OF
condenser*
----7
full
manual.
UCL*/UCLP*/UCA/P* condensers
OF:
Maximum
objective aperture
0.75.
Turn
the
condenser turret
(3.5;
6.
3)
to
the
OF
position. Insert the centering
keys
(3.3a/b;
6.4)
into
the
condenser tur-
ret
(3.3a/b;
6.1)
at
an
angle
from
the
back
and
adjust, with alow-magnification
objective
(4x
to
lOx)
in
the
light
path,
until illumination
or
fall-off
in
brightness
towards
the
edge
is
homogeneous.
PH:
Set
the
PH
position
(3.5;
6.3)
corresponding
to
the
PH
objective
in
use,
e.
g.
PH
1.
Put
an
auxiliary telescope
in
place
of
an
eyepiece
and
focus the annular
structures
(7a-
c)
after loosening
and
adjusting
the
front
piece
. Insert
the
centering
keys
(3.3a/b;
6.4)
from
the
back
(5.1
),
and
make
the
images
of
the
light
ring
LR
(condenser)
and
the
phase
ring
PH
(objective) coincide
(7c).
Transmitted
light
polarisation*
Put
the
analyser
(8.1)
into
its
slot.
If
using
a rotatable
analyser,
turn it
into
the
middle
position.
Put
the
polarizer
(8.5a/b)
into the holder
(8.4)
and
rotate until
the
maximum
extinction position
is
obtained without aspecimen (Alternative:
as
in
Fig.
9.8)
.
Colour
contrast: insert
the
A
or
A/4
compensator
(8.6b)
above
the
polarizer
(8
.
6a;
9.4)
and
rotate.
Possible
alternatives: A compensator integrated
in
condenser turret
and
compensators for tube slit
(8.8).
Transmitted
light
interference
contrast
ICT
Pull
the objective
prism
(9.6)
out
of
the
light
path.
Turn
the condenser turret
plate
(9
.
2)
to
the
BF
position. Insert the analyser
(9
.
1).
and
set
the
zero
posi-
tion if necessary.
Pull
out
the Acompensator*
(8
.
6b)
from
above
the polarizer
(9
.
1)
if present.
Fig.
8 Transmitted light polarization
6
Fig.
7 Setting
phase
contrast
Fig.
9 Transmitted light interference
contrast
Turn
the polarizer
(9.9)
until
the
maximum
extinction position
is
reached with-
out
a specimen.
Engage
the condenser
top
(3.1;
3.4).
set
Koehler
illumination
----7
p.
3.
Slide
in
the
objective
prism
A,
B,
C,
D
(9.6,
depending
on
the
objective engrav-
ing).
turn
the
condenser turret
plate
(9
.
2)
to
the
position corresponding
to
the
objective magnification
(e.
g.
10/20x).
Adjust
the
contrast with
the
setting
screw
on
the
objective
prism
(9
.
6)
and
aperture diaphragm
(9.3)
.
Colour
contrast: Insert A compensator
(8.6b)
above
the polarizer
(9.4)
and
rotate.
Changing
12
V
100
W
halogen
lamps
&
from
the
mains!
Open
the
right-hand
side
of
the
lamphousing with a
coin
.
&
Caution.
hot
lamp!
Put
in
the
replacement
lamp
(12
V
100
W)
without
tilting.
Close
the
lamphousing
again,
reconnect
to
the
mains.
Centerable lamphousing only*:
see
full
manual
for centering instructions.
Changing
Hg
and
Xe
lamps
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