Motorola M68HC08 User manual

MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS
M68HC08
Microcontrollers
DRM055/D
Rev. 0
1/2004
High Data Rate
Wireless USB
Optical Mouse
Solution Using the
MC68HC908QY4
and MC68HC908JB12
Designer Reference
Manual
Freescale Semiconductor, I
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
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Freescale Semiconductor, I
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
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Go to: www.freescale.com
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High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution DRM055
MOTOROLA 3
Motorola and the Stylized M Logo are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
DigitalDNA is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
This product incorporates SuperFlash® technology licensed from SST.
All brand names and product names appearing in this document
are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. © Motorola, Inc., 2004
High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse
Solution Using the MC68HC908QY4
and MC68HC908JB12
Designer Reference Manual
by: Dennis Lui
Ernest Chan
Applications Engineering
Motorola Microcontroller Division
Hong Kong
To provide the most up-to-date information, the revision of our documents on
the World Wide Web will be the most current. Your printed copy may be an
earlier revision. To verify you have the latest information available, refer to:
http://motorola.com/semiconductors
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DRM055 High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution
4 Revision History MOTOROLA
Revision History
Revision History
Date Revision
Level Description Page Number(s)
January,
2004 N/A Initial release N/A
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High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution DRM055
MOTOROLA Table of Contents 5
Designer Reference Manual — DRM055
Table of Contents
Section 1. System Overview
1.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.3 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.4 Transmitter and Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 2. RF Front End
2.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 RF Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.4 RF Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.5 PCB Layout Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 3. Universal Serial Bus (USB) Overview
3.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2 JB12 USB Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2.1 USB Module Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2.2 USB Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2.3 USB Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 4. Optical Mouse Transmitter
4.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.2 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.2.1 QY4 Microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.2.2 Optical Mouse Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Section 5. Mouse Transmitter Firmware
5.1 Firmware Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2 Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.3 Data Packet Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.3.1 Coding Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.3.2 Packet Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.3.3 Button Status and Z Displacement Packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.3.4 X-Y Displacements Packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
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DRM055 High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution
6 Table of Contents MOTOROLA
Table of Contents
Section 6. Universal Serial Bus (USB) Receiver
6.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.2 System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Section 7. Receiver Firmware
7.1 Firmware Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.2 USB Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3 Remote Wakeup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3.1 Wakeup Detection Mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3.2 Power Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.4 ID Updating Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Section 8. Testing and Customization
8.1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.2 Hardware Customization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.2.1 Optical Mouse Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.2.2 RF Circuitry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8.3 Firmware Customization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8.3.1 Mouse Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8.3.2 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
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High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution DRM055
MOTOROLA List of Figures and Tables 7
Designer Reference Manual — DRM055
List of Figures and Tables
Figure Title Page
1-1 System Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3-1 USB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3-2 USB Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3-3 USB Packet Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4-1 Transmitter Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5-1 Firmware Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5-2 Power Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5-3 Manchester Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5-4 Packet Format for Button and Z Displacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5-5 Start Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5-6 Button Status Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5-7 Z Displacement or ID Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5-8 Checksum Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5-9 Packet Format for X-Y Displacements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5-10 Start Field for X-Y Displacement Packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6-1 USB Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7-1 Firmware Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7-2 USB Interrupt Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7-3 Setup Routine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7-4 OUT EP0 Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7-5 IN EP0 Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7-6 Timer Capture Interrupt For Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7-7 Timing Parameters for Packet Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7-8 Detection of Valid Wakeup Packets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7-9 JB12 Rejecting Packet-Like Noise
to Prevent False Wakeup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8-1 USB Report for JB12 to Host for the Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
8-2 Loop Antenna Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
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DRM055 High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution
8 List of Figures and Tables MOTOROLA
List of Figures and Tables
Table Title Page
7-1 Interface 1 Mouse Input Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8-1 Tx Matching Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8-2 Rx Matching Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
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High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution DRM055
MOTOROLA System Overview 9
Designer Reference Manual — DRM055
Section 1. System Overview
1.1 Introduction
This manual describes a reference design for a high data rate wireless
universal serial bus (USB) optical mouse solution by using the
MC68HC908QY4 and the MC68HC908JB12.
Because of the lower cost, adoption of wireless PC peripherals has been fast
paced. Consumers are quickly recognizing the advantages of using wireless
PC peripherals, which include portability and placement flexibility. However,
there are two major performance issuesin general 27-MHz wireless platforms.
These issues affect wireless mouse applications in particular.
1. The mouse cursor motion tracking speed is slow
2. There is a long legacy time in response to an end-user action
These issues can be resolved by implementation of a new high-speed
transmission link. The tracking speed of the high data rate wireless mouse is
almost doubled and the response time is reduced by half. The performance is
even compatible to a corded mouse in terms of data report rates uploaded to
the PC host from the peripheral device. From the end users point of view, the
overall movement of the mouse can be fully cached up and reflected on the
computer screen without any noticeable delay in cursor response.
The following reference materials are available at:
http://motorola.com/semiconductors
• Schematic diagram
• PCB layout
•PCBGerber
• Bill of materials
• Source code
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DRM055 High Data Rate Wireless USB Optical Mouse Solution
10 System Overview MOTOROLA
System Overview
1.2 Features
Main features of the mouse include:
• A high data rate 27-MHz RF link
• Windows® 98, Windows 2000, and Windows XP compatibility
• User identity code to avoid conflict with other devices
• USB 2.0 low-speed compliance
• 4.8 kbps transmission data rate
• 2 meter communication distance
• 3361 compatible device for RF receiver design
1.3 System Overview
The system consists of:
• A high data rate wireless optical mouse using the MC68HC908QY4
(hereafter referred as QY4)
• A USB receiver using the MC68HC908JB12 (hereafter referred as
JB12).
The QY4 was chosen as the mouse transmitter because it includes:
• An internal oscillator circuit
• An auto wakeup function
The JB12 is suitable for this high data rate wireless optical mouse application
because it has:
• 12-K FLASH memory
• 6-MHz bus processing power
• USB function
• An enhanced timer capture module
NOTE: The traditional track-ball type X-Y detection method was replaced by the
advanceopticalnavigationtechnologythatservesasa non-mechanical motion
estimation.
A block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 1-1.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other
countries.
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