Nokia RH-18 Series Guide

Customer Care Solutions
RH-18/36/38 Series Transceivers
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation
Troubleshooting Instructions

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential
Troubleshooting Instructions CCS Technical Documentation
Page 2 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
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Issue 1 Page 3
Baseband troubleshooting.............................................................................................. 5
Baseband test points ....................................................................................................5
Troubleshooting diagrams ...........................................................................................5
Phone is dead ...............................................................................................................6
Flash programming do not work ..................................................................................7
Power does not stay on or phone is jammed ................................................................8
Display information : "Contact Service" .....................................................................9
The phone do not register to the network, or the phone cannot make a call .............10
SIM related faults ......................................................................................................11
Insert SIM card fault ............................................................................................... 11
SIM-Card rejected................................................................................................... 12
Audio related faults 1: Earpiece and microphone ......................................................13
Audio related faults 2: Headset ..................................................................................14
Charging failure troubleshooting ...............................................................................15
Charging troubleshooting 2 .......................................................................................16
General RF Troubleshooting........................................................................................ 17
RF Key component placement ...................................................................................18
RH-36 Receiver troubleshooting ................................................................................. 21
General Instructions for GSM850 RX Troubleshooting ...........................................21
Troubleshooting diagram for GSM850 Receiver................................................... 22
General Instructions for RH-36 GSM1900 RX Troubleshooting ..............................24
Phoenix commands ................................................................................................. 24
Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1900Receiver................................................... 25
Measurement points in the receiver ........................................................................ 27
RH-36 Transmitter troubleshooting ...........................................................................29
Measurement points for the transmitter .................................................................. 29
General instructions for RH-36 GSM TX troubleshooting .......................................30
GSM850 TX output power...................................................................................... 31
General instructions for RH-36 GSM1900 TX troubleshooting ...............................32
Phoenix commands ................................................................................................. 32
GSM1900 TX output power.................................................................................... 32
Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1900 TX .............................................................33
General Instructions for RH-18/38 GSM900 RX Troubleshooting............................. 35
Troubleshooting Chart for GSM900 Receiver........................................................ 36
General Instructions for GSM1800 RX Troubleshooting .........................................38
Troubleshooting Chart for GSM1800Receiver....................................................... 39
Measurement points in the receiver ........................................................................ 40
RH-18/38 Transmitter troubleshooting ......................................................................42
Measurement points for the transmitter .................................................................. 42
General instructions for RH-18/38 GSM TX troubleshooting ..................................43
PCN Transmitter General instructions for PCN TX troubleshooting ........................45
Synthesizer .................................................................................................................46
26 MHz Reference Oscillator ( VCXO )................................................................. 46
VCO ........................................................................................................................ 46
Troubleshooting diagram for PLL Synthesizer....................................................... 47
Phone fails after power on....................................................................................... 48
Measurement points at the VCXO.......................................................................... 48
Measurement points at the PLL/VCO..................................................................... 49

Issue 1 Page 4
RH-18/38 Manual Alignment using Phoenix............................................................... 50
RX calibration ............................................................................................................50
GSM1800 RX calibration ..........................................................................................51
RX channel select filter .............................................................................................52
RX Band Filter Response ..........................................................................................53
Tx Power tuning ........................................................................................................54
TX power tuning GSM............................................................................................ 54
TX power tuning PCN............................................................................................. 57
I/Q tuning ...................................................................................................................59
RF control ..................................................................................................................61
Call testing .................................................................................................................62

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 5
Baseband troubleshooting
Baseband test points
This document contains the Nokia 1100 troubleshooting diagrams.
Test points are described and listed in the A3 schematic diagrams.
Troubleshooting diagrams
In this section, Troubleshooting diagrams is provided for the most common problems of
the Nokia 1100
NOTE : Since both D200 (UEM) and D400(UPP) are underfilled, they can not be replaced.
If either D200 or D400 is defective, the whole PWB has be discarded.

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 6 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
Phone is dead
This means that the phone do not draw any current at all when supply is connected and/
or powerkey is pressed.
It is assumed that the voltage supplied is 3.6 VDC. The UEM will prevent any functional-
ity what so ever at battery/supply levels below 2.9 VDC.
Figure 1: Phone is dead troubleshooting
Phone is dead
X105
VBAT = 3,6VDC No
Yes
Check :
L260,L261,L262,L263,L264,L265
C260,C261,C262,C263,C264,C265
Check :
X105
Yes
No
J402
PURX = 1,8VDC,
1 sec. after power-key
is pressed
L260,L261,L262,L263,L264,L265
C260,C261,C262,C263,C264,C265
Voltage = 3,6VDC
R426
26 MHz clock min. 300mVACpp,
probe Cin=10-13 pF/10M
C227
VR3 = 2,78VDC
J404
Sleep-clock is
32.768 kHz, 1,8Vpp
Check :
C227, PWB.
Else defective D200*
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
Check :
B200, C209, C210, PWB. Else
defective D200*
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Check :
C227, PWB.
Else defective D200*
Yes
No
Check :
D450 (Flash).
Else defective D200*

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 7
Flash programming do not work
The flash programming can only be done via the pads on the PWB (J396).
In case of Flash failure in FLALI station, problem is most likely related to SMD problems.
Possible failures could be short-circuit of balls under µBGAs (UEM, UPP, FLASH). Missing
or misaligned components.
In flash programming error cases the flash prommer can give some information about a
fault.
The fault information messages could be:
- Phone doesn't set FBUS_TX line low
Because of the use of uBGA components it is not possible to verify if there is a short cir-
cuit in control- and address lines of MCU (UPP) and memory (flash).
Figure 2: Flash programming fault
Flash prgramming
do not work
Error from prommer:
"Phone doesn't set
FBUS_TX line low"
Yes
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
J409, J410, J411, J412
Voltage level at 1,8VDC
Check :
R108, PWB
Yes
No
No
J396, R108
Check connection between
pad 1,2 & 3 on J396
and R108
Try reading MCU ID
with Phoenix.
Reading OK?
Try reading Flash ID
with Phoenix.
Reading OK?
Check :
Replace D450
Check :
PWB.
Else defictive D400*
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Reflash phone

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 8 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
Power does not stay on or phone is jammed
If this kind of failure is presenting itself immediately after FLALI, it is most likely caused
by ASICs missing contact with PWB.
If for some reason the MCU does not service the watchdog register within the UEM, the
operations watchdog will run out after approximately 32 seconds. Unfortunately, the
service routine can not be measured.
Figure 3: Phone jammed troubleshooting
Power doesn't stay on,
or phone is jammed
J404
Sleep clock = 32.768 kHz,
1.8Vpp
Yes
Check :
D450, Keymat,
Lightguide, PWB.
Else defective D400*
UI functionality,
and keys react
to pressure?
Check :
PWB.
Else defictive D200*
Yes
No
No
J402
PURX = 1,8VDC,
1 sec. after power-key is
pressed
Check :
C420, C426, R420,
R426, N600(Mjoelner)
Yes
No
Yes
Reflash phone
Check :
B200, C209, C210, PWB.
Else defective D200*
No
R426
26 MHz clock min.
300mVACpp,
probe Cin=10-13 pF/10M

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 9
Display information : "Contact Service"
This error can only happen at power up where several self-tests is run. If any of these test
cases fails the display will show the message: "Contact Service".
It's individual test cases so the below lineup of error hunting's has no chronological
order. Use common sense and experience to decide which test case to start error hunting
at.
Figure 4: Troubleshooting when Contact Service message seen
Display shows
"Contact Service"
EarDa & MicDa
between
UPP and UEM?
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
or D400*
MBUS interface
between
UPP and UEM?
AuxDa & UEMInt
between
UPP and UEM?
Yes
No
SleepX & SleepClk
between UPP & UEM?
Key is stucked
TXI/QD & RXI/QD?
SIM interface between
UPP & UEM
Flash checksum
!ASIC version vs. compilation flag, PMM checksum
!PMM validity
!Warrenty Information State
!SIM-Lock
Reflash phone Check :
PWB.
Else defective D450 (FLASH)
Check :
A-cover, Keymat, Lightguide,
PWB.

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 10 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
The phone do not register to the network, or the phone cannot make a call
If the phone doesn't register to the network, the fault can be in either BB or RF. Only few
signals can be tested since several signals is 'burried' in one or more of the inner layers of
the PWB.
First of all check that SIM LOCK is not causing the error by using a Test-SIM card and
connect the phone to a tester.
Figure 5: No call troubleshooting
Phone do not register to
network
or phone cannot make a call
C230, C231
Voltage = ~1,35VDC
All during GSM frame (call mode)
Use TXP on C646 as trigger
Check :
C222,C223, C224, C225,
C226, C227, PWB.
Else defective D200 or D400*
J421, J422, J423
Check RF serial bus during
GSM-frame :
Logic HIGH = 1,8VDC
Logic LOW = 0VDC
RFBUSCLK (J421),
RFBUSDA (J422),
RFBUSEN1X (J423)
C222, C223, C224, C225,
C226, C227
Voltage = ~2,78VDC
All during GSM frame-
call mode.
Use TXP on C646 as trigger
No
Yes
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
or D400*
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
or D400*
Check :
C230, C231, PWB.
Else defective
D200* or D400*
Yes
No
No
R610, R611
Check analog signals during
GSM-frame (TX slot):
TXIP/N (R610) = 1-1,75VDC
TXQP/N (R611) = 1-1,75VDC
R601, R603
Check analog signals during
GSM-frame (RX slot):
RXIP/N (R601) = 0-1,45VDC
RXQP/N (R603) = 0-1,45VDC
Yes
Yes
No
Check :
R610, R611,PWB.
Else defective D200*
or D400*
No
Check RF
Yes

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 11
SIM related faults
Insert SIM card fault
The hardware of the SIM interface from UEM (D200) to the SIM connector (X387) can be
tested without a SIM card. When the power is switched on the phone first check for a
1,8V SIM card and then a 3V SIM card. The phone will try this four times, whereafter it
will display ”Insert SIM card”.
Figure 6: SIM troubleshooting
Figure 7: Signal diagram
Check for SIM voltage during power-up
Ch1 : VSIM
Ch2 : RESET Ch3 : CLOCK Ch4 : DATA
Display shows :
"Insert SIM Card"
Check :
X387, R386, PWB.
Else defective D200*
X387
Verify that phone checks for
1,8V-SIM, and then 3V-SIM
during power-up.
(See illustration below)
Yes
No
Yes
SIM Interface OK

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 12 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
SIM-Card rejected
The error ”SIM card rejected” means that the ATR message received from SIM card is cor-
rupted, e.g. data signal levels are wrong. The first data is always ATR and it is sent from
card to phone.
For reference a picture with normal SIM power-up is shown below.
Figure 8: Signal diagram
Normal SIM power-up sequence
Ch1 : VSIM
Ch2 : RESET Ch3 : CLOCK Ch4 : DATA

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 13
Audio related faults 1: Earpiece and microphone
Figure 9: Top: Earpiece troubleshooting, bottom: Microphone troubleshooting
Earpiece do not work
Check :
R386, PWB.
Else defective D200*
No
Defective D200*
Z150, R161
Check Z150, R161 is
working correctly
(no short/open-circuit)
Replace :
Earpiece
Yes
Error still present
Microphone do not work and
the isn't any mechanical
problem
Check :
R165, C168, PWB.
Else defctive D200*
No
Error still present
R165
Check voltage level on
R165 towards UEM (bias)
= 2,1V
Replace :
Z100
Yes
Replace :
System Connoctor
Z100
Check Z100 is
working correctly
(no short/open-circuit)
No
R153
Check voltage level on
R153 towards mic-lines (bias)
= 1,0V - 1,4V
Check :
R153, R157,C151, C152,
C153, C154, PWB.
No

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 14 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
Audio related faults 2: Headset
Figure 10: Headset troubleshooting
Headset earpiece do not
work and the isn't any
mechanical problem
Replace :
C183 and/or Z102
Defective D200*
R183, Z102
Check R183, Z102 is
working correctly
(no open-circuit)
No
Headset microphone do not
work and the isn't any
mechanical problem
Replace :
C183 and/or Z102
Defective D200*
R166
Check voltage level on R166
towards UEM (bias) = 2,1V
No
R152, R165, R168,
C172, C170, C173,
C174, Z101
Check XMIC line to UEM
(D200)
Check :
R166, R151, C171
R151
Check voltage level on R151
towards UEM (bias)
= 1,0V - 1,4V
No
Yes
Yes
Error still present
Replace :
Defective component
No

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 15
Charging failure troubleshooting
Figure 11: Charging troubleshooting 1
Phone is OFF - battery is
completely empty
(<=3,1VDC)
and no current from
charger when connected
Check :
F100, L100, V100, C100,
R200, System-connector.
L100
VCHAR > 2,1VDC No
Defective D200*
Yes
Phone is ON or OFF - battery
nominal voltage (~3,6VDC)
and no current from
charger when connected
Check :
F100, L100, V100, C100,
R200, System-connector.
L100
VCHAR > 3,6VDC No
Defective
D200 or D400*
Yes

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 16 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
Charging troubleshooting 2
Figure 12: Charging troubleshooting 2
Display info when
charger is connected :
"Not charging"
Check :
X105, R202, R206, C240.
R206
Voltage on R206 towards
D200 is ~0,8VDC
when power is connected.
(BSI must be 75K)
No
Check :
PWB
Yes
R207
Voltage (use scope) on R207
towards D200 is ~0,9VDC at
peak.
(BSI must be 47K)
Check :
X105, R202, R207, C220.
No
R200
Voltage on R200 towards
D200 same as VBAT voltage
Check :
R200, PWB.
Else defective D200*v
R200
Voltage rises slowly on
R200 towards D200 when
charger is connected.
Check :
PWB.
Else defective D200*
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 17
General RF Troubleshooting
Two types of measurements are used in the following. It will be specified if the measure-
ment type is "RF" or "LF".
•RF measurements are done with a Spectrum Analyser and a high-frequency 500
ohm passive probe, for example HP54006A. (Note that when measuring with the
500 ohm probe the signal will be around 20 dB attenuated. The values in the fol-
lowing will have these 20 dB subtracted and represent the real value seen on the
spectrum analyser).
Note that the testjig have some losses which must be taken into consideration when calibrating the
test system.
•LF (Low frequency) and DC measurements should be done with a 10:1 probe and
an oscilloscope. The probe used in the following is 10MW/8pF passive probe. If
using another probe then bear in mind that the voltages displayed may be
slightly different.
Always make sure the measurement set-up is calibrated when measuring RF parameters
on the antenna pad. Remember to include the loss in the module repair jig when
realigning the phone.
Most RF semiconductors are static discharge sensitive. So ESD protection must be
applied during repair (ground straps and ESD soldering irons). Mjoelner and Bifrost is
moisture sensitive so parts must be pre-baked prior to soldering.
Apart from key-components described in this document there are a lot of discrete com-
ponents (resistors, inductors and capacitors) for which troubleshooting is done by check-
ing if soldering of the component is done properly and checking if the component is
missing from PWB. Capacitors can be checked for short-circuiting and resistors for value
by means of an ohmmeter, but be aware in-circuit measurements should be evaluated
carefully.
In the following both the name EGSM and GSM850 will be used for the lower band and
both PCN and GSM1900 will be used for the upper band.

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 18 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
RF Key component placement
Figure 13: RF key components
Table 1: RF component placement
N600 Mjoelner RF IC
Z601 PCN RX SAW
Z602 EGSM RX SAW
Z603 EGSM TX SAW
B600 26 MHz crystal
G600 VCO ( 4.0 GHz UHF VCO )
N700 Power Amplifier (PA)
Z700 RX/TX switch

CCS Technical Documentation
Company confidential RH-18/36/38
Issue 1 10/03 Nokia Corporation. Page 19
Refer to the picture below for measuring points at the UEM (D200).
Figure 14: Supply points at UEM (D200)
Figure 15: Supply point at Mjoelner (N600)

RH-18/36/38 Company confidential CCS Technical Documentation
Page 20 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 10/03
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