Permalert Pal-at at30c User manual

Notice

The information contained in this manual, including but not limited to any product specifications, is subject to change

without notice.

PERMALERT (PERMALERT), A DIVISION OF PERMA-PIPE, INC., PROVIDES NO WARRANTY WITH REGARD

TO THIS MANUAL OR ANY OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN AND HEREBY EXPRESSLY

DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS

FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH REGARD TO ANY OF THE FOREGOING. PERMALERT ASSUMES

NO LIABILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES INCURRED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY FROM ANY TECHNICAL OR

TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS OR OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN OR FOR DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN THE

PRODUCT AND THE MANUAL. IN NO EVENT SHALL PERMALERT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL,

CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON TORT, CONTACT OR

OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS MANUAL OR ANY OTHER INFORMATION

CONTAINED HEREIN OR THE USE THEREOF.

Caution --This manual may not be up-to-date.

Please check the PermAlert website, www.permalert.com, for the latest revision of this manual.

The manual is typically revised at least once a year. The revision date is on the back cover.

Contact tec[email protected] for technical assistance with the PAL-AT system.

PAL-AT Operating Manual

Table of Contents

Safety Information ............................................................................................ 4

1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 5

1.1 Theory of Operation ..........................................................................................................5

1.2 Start Up .............................................................................................................................5

1.2.1 Installation Instructions .........................................................................................5

1.2.2 Initial Display ........................................................................................................6

1.2.2 Time and Date Format .........................................................................................6

1.2.3 LCD Contrast Adjustment ....................................................................................6

1.2.3 Manual Updates ...................................................................................................6

1.2.4 Wiring Diagrams ..................................................................................................6

2 Operating PAL-AT ..................................................................................... 9

2.1 Setup ................................................................................................................................9

2.1.1 Multiple Cable System .........................................................................................9

2.1.2 Exit Setup .............................................................................................................9

2.1.3 Baseline Check ....................................................................................................9

2.1.4 Hydrocarbon Liquids with ZBA ........................................................................... 10

2.1.4.1 Impedance Jumper Setting ............................................................... 10

2.1.5 Sensor String Sections ....................................................................................... 10

2.1.6 Create Setup Table ............................................................................................ 10

2.1.6.1 Select Cable Type ............................................................................. 11

2.1.6.2 Probes .............................................................................................. 11

2.1.6.3 Enter Cable Distance ........................................................................ 11

2.1.6.4 No End Found ................................................................................... 12

2.1.6.5 AT-ORC Functions ............................................................................ 12

2.1.6.6 End of Sensor String ......................................................................... 12

2.1.6.7 Set Sensitivity ................................................................................... 12

2.2 Reference Maps.............................................................................................................. 13

2.2.1 Reference Process............................................................................................. 13

2.2.2 Reference Map Rules ........................................................................................ 13

2.2.3 Reference Issues ............................................................................................... 14

2.3 Verify ............................................................................................................................... 14

2.3.1 Multiple Cable System ....................................................................................... 14

2.3.2 Select the Master Map ....................................................................................... 15

2.3.3 Verify Process .................................................................................................... 15

2.3.4 Select to Monitor ................................................................................................ 16

2.4 Monitor ............................................................................................................................ 16

2.4.1 Normal Messages Displayed ............................................................................. 16

2.4.2 Fault Messages Displayed ................................................................................. 17

2.4.3 Alarm Silence Feature ........................................................................................ 18

PAL-AT Operating Manual

2.4.4 Alarm Queue ..................................................................................................... 18

2.4.5 Failure to Enter Monitor Mode ........................................................................... 18

2.5 Display Setup ................................................................................................................. 19

2.5.1 Multiple Cable System ....................................................................................... 19

2.5.2 Display Setup Data............................................................................................ 20

2.5.3 Last Section ...................................................................................................... 20

2.5.4 Add Sections ..................................................................................................... 20

2.5.5 Record the Setup Table .................................................................................... 21

2.6 History of Events ............................................................................................................ 21

2.6.1 History Messages – The First Line .................................................................... 21

2.6.2 History Messages – The Second Line ............................................................... 24

2.7 Set Clock ........................................................................................................................ 24

2.7.1 Set the Time and Date ...................................................................................... 24

2.8 Passwords ..................................................................................................................... 25

2.8.1 Establish New Passwords ................................................................................. 25

2.8.2 Delete Password ............................................................................................... 26

2.8.3 Enter Password ................................................................................................. 26

2.9 Special Functions ........................................................................................................... 26

2.9.1 Set Relay Normal States ................................................................................... 26

2.9.2 Select Language ............................................................................................... 27

2.9.3 Set Special Options ........................................................................................... 27

2.9.3.1 Set Alarm Silence Time .................................................................... 27

2.9.3.2 Set Averaging Rate .......................................................................... 27

2.9.3.3 Set Noise Factor .............................................................................. 28

2.9.3.4 Set AutoSilence................................................................................ 28

2.9.4 Set Baud Rates and Data Format ..................................................................... 28

2.9.5 Set System Identification and Ethernet Addresses ........................................... 29

2.9.6 Enter Phone Number ......................................................................................... 30

2.9.7 Display Cable Data............................................................................................ 30

2.9.7.1 Multiple Cable System ..................................................................... 30

2.9.7.2 Starting Distance .............................................................................. 31

2.9.8 Set Test Mode ................................................................................................... 31

2.10 Communications Options ............................................................................................... 31

2.10.1 PALCOM 10 Software ....................................................................................... 32

2.10.2 Customer Software............................................................................................ 32

2.10.3 Modbus RTU, TCP, and RTU over TCP ............................................................ 33

2.10.3.1 Function Code 3 – Read Registers ..................................................... 33

2.10.3.2 Function Code 16 – Preset Multiple Registers .................................... 33

2.10.3.3 Ethernet Auto-Negotiate Selection ...................................................... 35

3 Response to Alarms ................................................................................ 35

3.1 Decisions ....................................................................................................................... 35

3.1.1 Locations ........................................................................................................... 35

PAL-AT Operating Manual

3.2 Types of Alarm Conditions .............................................................................................. 36

3.2.1 Fault ................................................................................................................... 36

3.2.2 Break Alarm ....................................................................................................... 36

3.2.3 Short Alarm ........................................................................................................ 36

3.2.4 Drying or Probe Reset Alarm ............................................................................. 36

3.2.5 Leak or Probe Activated Alarm .......................................................................... 36

3.3 Leak Analysis .................................................................................................................. 37

3.3.1 Accessible Applications - Raised Floor systems ................................................ 37

3.3.2 Inaccessible Applications – Contained Piping Systems ..................................... 37

3.3.3 Direct Buried Applications .................................................................................. 37

3.3.4 Repetitive Cycling Alarms .................................................................................. 38

4 Tests and Maintenance ........................................................................... 39

4.1 Select Test Mode ............................................................................................................ 39

4.2 Alarm Test ...................................................................................................................... 39

4.3 Cable Test ...................................................................................................................... 39

4.4 Probe Test ...................................................................................................................... 39

4.5 Battery ............................................................................................................................ 39

4.6 Auxiliary Header.............................................................................................................. 40

4.7 USB Port ......................................................................................................................... 41

4.7.1 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................. 41

4.7.2 Data Logger ....................................................................................................... 41

5 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................... 43

5.1 Initial Power-Up Checks .................................................................................................. 43

5.2 System Board ................................................................................................................. 43

5.3 Diagnostic LEDs ............................................................................................................. 43

5.3.1 Port 1 and 2 RS-232/485 ................................................................................... 43

5.3.2 Relays ................................................................................................................ 43

5.3.3 DC Voltages ....................................................................................................... 44

5.3.4 Cable Status ...................................................................................................... 44

5.3.5 24 VDC Reversed Polarity ................................................................................. 44

5.4 Zener Barrier Panel ......................................................................................................... 45

5.4.1 Zener Barrier Assembly Tests ............................................................................ 45

5.4.2 ZBA External Fuse ............................................................................................. 46

5.5 Cable Connector Tests ................................................................................................... 46

5.6 Troubleshooting Guide .................................................................................................... 47

5.7 Restrictions & Limitations ................................................................................................ 48

5.7.1 Sensor Cables ................................................................................................... 48

5.7.2 Probes ................................................................................................................ 49

5.8 PAL-AT Setup Record .................................................................................................... 50

PAL-AT Operating Manual

Appendix A - Output Relay System ............................................................... 52

A.1 Installation of Output Relay System ............................................................................... 52

A.2 Relay Module Configuration ........................................................................................... 54

A.3 Internal Diagnostic Indicators ......................................................................................... 55

A.4 Control Relays................................................................................................................ 55

A.5 RS-232 Port Interface Cable Installation ........................................................................ 56

A.6 PAL-AT Control of Output Relay System ....................................................................... 56

A.6.1 Sensing Cable and Probe Requirements .......................................................... 56

A.6.2 Assign Output Relays ........................................................................................ 56

A.6.3 Display Output Relay Assignments ................................................................... 56

A.6.4 Change Output Relay Assignments .................................................................. 57

Warranty .......................................................................................................... 58

Safety Information

Please Read This Operating Manual

Please take the time to read this operating manual carefully. It will help you operate your system properly. Failure

to follow these instructions may impair the safety of the equipment. Please save this operating manual for

future reference.

For your safety

Caution: To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose PAL-AT to rain or moisture.

This symbol alerts the user to the presence of uninsulated, dangerous voltage within the system

enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock.

This symbol alerts the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance instructions in

this manual.

Approvals and Certifications

Regulatory Compliance Statements

FCC Class A Notice

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions.

1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are

designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates,

uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio

communications.

Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own

expense.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

The party responsible for product compliance: Perma-Pipe, Inc., 6410 W. Howard St., Niles, IL 60714

CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK,

TURN OFF POWER BEFORE OPENING ENCLOSURE DOOR.

REFER ALL SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

PAL-AT Operating Manual

1 Introduction

1.1 Theory of Operation

PAL-AT® uses a pulsed cable-radar technology to detect leaks. PAL-AT sends out low voltage pulses on

a cable and monitors reflections received back at the panel. PAL-AT electronically divides the cable into

short increments and measures the reflections from each increment. It stores the measured values in

memory during the reference procedure in a permanent record called the “master” map. When in monitor

mode, PAL-AT compares the current condition with the master map. Significant changes from the master,

for instance when the cable gets wet, cause PAL-AT to enter the alarm mode.

This latest generation of PAL-AT systems automatically creates a new master map after a leak event is

detected. This puts the system back on-line immediately to monitor the entire cable for leaks getting larger

or new leaks (see section 2.2).

Comparing the current condition with a baseline map enables PAL-AT to monitor a system with minor

installation inconsistencies and small amounts of wet cable. PAL-AT can accept initial field conditions that

force other systems to reduce their sensitivity or be inoperative. It also enables the system to locate

additional leaks occurring past previously detected leaks.

PAL-AT detects and locates six types of changes:

1. Leak

2. Drying

3. Short

4. Break

5. Probe Activated

6. Probe Reset

Normally PAL-AT is set to activate alarms for leaks, shorts, breaks, and probes activated but not for a

drying cable or probe reset (see section 2.9.3.2). If the system detects a break or short, it will still monitor

for leaks up to the break/short, and display the distance to the leak.

As explained above, PAL-AT accepts and monitors a system with an initial small amount of wet cable.

Normally this only occurs in secondary containment applications. To maintain the long-term integrity of

the containment and ensure the proper operation of PAL-AT, the containment should be dried before (or

shortly after) the system is put on-line. The containment should also be cleaned and dried after any future

leak is detected.

1.2 Start Up

1.2.1 Installation Instructions

All applicable manuals must be reviewed and understood prior to installing and operating the PAL-

AT system. Detailed installation instructions are provided in the PAL-AT Installation Manual. Refer to

that manual for installation for the PAL-AT panel, cables and all accessories.

Caution - Access inside the PAL-AT panel should be limited to qualified personnel. Risk of electrical

shock exists.

Power should be fed directly from a dedicated circuit breaker to PAL-AT. If the green power light on the

PAL-AT label is not lit, check the circuit breaker and the internal service power switches (see figures 1-1

and 1-2).

1 Introduction

PAL

AT LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM, VX.XX

PERMALERT AT30C 13:21:59 2014-07-02

1# MONITOR CABLE, 2# HISTORY OF EVENTS

* TO EXIT, # FOR NEXT MENU

1.2.2 Initial Display

PAL-AT uses a 12-digit keypad for menu selection and data entry. A two-line liquid-crystal display (LCD)

shows information about the operation of the system. The initial PAL-AT message is:

LCD1.2-01:

"VX.XX" is the PAL-AT firmware version. The model number, “TIME”, and "DATE" are displayed on the

second line. The message is displayed during a 1-minute warm-up period and then PAL-AT attempts to

enter monitor mode. The warm-up delay can be bypassed by entering * or #. If * is entered, PAL-AT goes

immediately to the Main Menu and displays the message:

LCD1.2-02:

If # is entered, PAL-AT goes directly to Monitor mode if any cables are setup for monitoring.

1.2.2 Time and Date Format

The time and date format follow the recommendations for ISO 8601. The time is displayed using 24-hour

format, HH:MM:SS. The date follows the YYYY-MM-DD formant. Due to the limitations of the 2 x 40

character LCD, some “time” displays will omit the “:” and seconds, and the “date” may be displayed as YY-

MM-DD or MM-DD. Refer to LCD1.2-01 above for the format.

1.2.3 LCD Contrast Adjustment

Adjust the contrast of the LCD by turning the contrast adjustment screw in the upper left corner of the

system board. See figures 1-1 and 1-2. This may be necessary to get the best viewing angle, depending

on the mounting height of the PAL-AT panel. A power saver feature dims the LCD backlight if a key is not

pressed within 5 minutes and the system is not in alarm.

1.2.3 Manual Updates

PermAlert is a division of Perma-Pipe, Inc. Refer to the PermAlert web site, www.permalert.com, for the

latest revision of this manual.

1.2.4 Wiring Diagrams

Figures 1-1 and 1-2 are general wiring diagrams for reference. Refer to the PAL-AT Installation Manual

for complete installation and wiring details.

The terminals on the PAL-AT system board use a quick-connect design that provides an easy, fast and

robust connection. A flat blade screwdriver, 1/8” [3.5 mm], is used to press down on the terminal lever and

open the terminal for easy wire insertion. Release the lever, and the wire is tightly clamped. The

acceptable wire size for connection to any terminal, including the mains, is 28 - 12 AWG [0.08-2.5

mm2]. The terminals can accommodate solid or stranded wires. If ferrules are used with stranded wire,

the maximum wire size is 14 AWG [1.5 mm2]. Refer to the detail located at the upper right side of figures

1-1 and 1-2. Caution: The lever only travels 1/8” [3.5 mm] to open the terminal completely, and only

requires 5 - 8 lbs [2-4 kg] force. Do not exceed these limits or the terminal will be damaged.

PAL-AT Operating Manual

Figure 1-1

Wiring Diagram for PAL-AT Models AT30C & AT75C

1 Introduction

Figure 1-2

Wiring Diagram for PAL-AT Model AT30K

PAL-AT Operating Manual

ENTER CABLE NUMBER [1

4], THEN #

FOR SETUP * TO EXIT

ALL CALIBRATION AND MAPS WILL BE LOST

* TO EXIT, # TO CONFIRM SETUP DESIRED

STANDARD RESOLUTION, BASELINE = ??

ENTER * FOR MENU, # TO CONTINUE

2 Operating PAL-AT

PAL-AT lists the primary functions in the Main Menu. The LCD displays two menu functions at a time.

Read the display carefully. PAL-AT prompts for the information it needs. The PAL-AT label has an integral

12-digit keypad to enter 0-9, * and #.

PAL-AT has a password system to prevent unauthorized access. PAL-AT requests a password if the

current password is not authorized to enter the selected function. Password access time is very short,

ranging from 2 minutes to 60 minutes for selected functions. If the allowable time for the selected function

expires without any keypad input, PAL-AT will automatically go to the Monitor function if any cables are

on-line.

In the following LCD message examples, question marks (?) represent numbers on the LCD. “TIME” and

“DATE” represent a display of a specific time or date.

The Main Menu Functions are:

1. Monitor Cable 2. History of Events

3. Setup Cable 4. Verify Cable

5. Display Setup 6. Set Clock

7. Password Entry 8. Special Functions

The procedure for adding a new cable is to use function 3, Setup. At the completion of Setup, PAL-AT

automatically creates a master map and executes the Verify and Monitor functions.

2.1 Setup

PAL-AT uses this function to enter cable and probe data into the PAL-AT memory. A level 200 password

is required (see section 2.8). While PAL-AT is in the setup function, it is not monitoring any cables

previously setup.

To select this function from the Main Menu, enter 3#.

2.1.1 Multiple Cable System

If the system is a model AT30K, the first message is:

LCD2.1-01:

Enter the appropriate cable number.

2.1.2 Exit Setup

The next message is:

LCD2.1-02:

This is an alert that existing data for the selected cable will be erased. If the setup function is entered

accidentally, exit this function by entering *. Do not enter # except to setup a new system and erase

all previous setup data and reference maps for the selected cable.

2.1.3 Baseline Check

The next message is:

LCD2.1-03:

2 Operating PAL-AT

CABLE

CONNECTED TO ZBA TO MONITOR HC?

ENTER * FOR YES, # FOR NO

The baseline is a number between 25 and 35. If the unit displays a value outside this range, it shows a

hardware failure. If so, contact PermAlert for assistance.

2.1.4 Hydrocarbon Liquids with ZBA

Next PAL-AT displays the message:

LCD2.1-04:

Caution: If a cable or probe is monitoring for hydrocarbon liquids (gas, oil, fuel, solvents,

etc.) located in a classified or hazardous area, the cable must be connected to a Zener

Barrier Assembly (ZBA) in a Zener Barrier Panel (ZBP).

The ZBP and ZBA are also installed for cables in non-hazardous areas to protect the panel from external

high voltage spikes. Typically, this is for areas with a high frequency of lightning strikes near the leak

detection cables.

2.1.4.1 Impedance Jumper Setting

Before beginning the next step in the Setup process, check the impedance jumper position. Refer to

figures 1-1 and 1-2 for positioning the jumper. The 2-pin jumper should be in position A, B, C, or D

according to the type of cable and whether the cable is connected to a Zener Barrier Assembly.

Jumper Position Cable Type Zener Barrier Ass’y Installed

A ATP only No

B ATP only Yes

C All others No

D All others Yes

2.1.5 Sensor String Sections

The sensor string is a combination of lengths of jumper cable, sensor cable, and probes connected in

series to PAL-AT and monitored for leaks, breaks, etc. During the setup function, the sensor string is

broken into several sections. The end of each section is a calibration point. Two general rules determine

the required number of sections or calibration points.

The first rule requires a new section or calibration point at every change in cable type. For example,

a sensor string consisting of 50 ft [15 m] of jumper cable, 400 ft [120 m] of AGW-Gold cable, and then 20

ft [6 m] of jumper cable is set up as three sections. There may be several cable connectors within one

section. The 400 ft of AGW-Gold may consist of 10 lengths of cable, each 40 ft [12 m] long, but they

should be connected and entered as one section.

An exception to this rule is if the length of a cable is 15 ft [5 m] or less. For example, one area of a

sensor string has 200 ft [60 m] of AGW-Gold, then 15 ft [5 m] of jumper going through a manhole, and

finally 200 ft [60 m] of AGW-Gold. The 15 ft jumper cable should be added to the beginning of the second

200 ft of AGW-Gold and these two lengths of cable are setup as one section of AGW-Gold. In this example,

the first section is 200 ft, AGW-Gold, and the second is 215 ft, AGW-Gold.

The second rule concerns long lengths of one type of cable. Make additional calibration points at

cable connectors approximately every 500 ft [150 m]. Consider a sensor string consisting of 50 ft [15 m]

of jumper, 700 ft [215 m] of AGW-Gold, and 20 ft [6 m] of jumper. Instead of setting the cables up in three

sections, make an additional calibration point in the 700 ft [215 m] of AGW-Gold to improve the accuracy

of the system. In this example, the 700 ft [215 m] of AGW-Gold should be 2 sections, approximately 500

ft [150 m] and 200 ft [65 m] long.

The setup procedure requires the sequential addition of sections to the sensor string and should

be planned carefully to assure an accurate calibration.

2.1.6 Create Setup Table

The next message asks for data about each section of the sensor string. PAL-AT uses it to create a setup

table. For each cable section, PAL-AT requests: (1) the type of cable and (2) the cumulative distance

to the end of the section.

PAL-AT Operating Manual

ENTER SECTION ?? CABLE TYPE,

THEN #

0=END, 1=ATP, 2=AGW, 3=JMP, # FOR MORE

END F

OUND AT ???? INSTEAD OF ????

* TO REENTER, # TO ACCEPT

END FOUND AT ????

* TO REENTER, # TO ACCEPT

ENTER DISTANCE TO SECTION ?? END:

* TO CLEAR, 0 FOR AUTOEND, # TO START

LOCATING END OF SECTION ??, PLEASE WAIT

2.1.6.1 Select Cable Type

There are several types of sensor cables and jumper cables. PAL-AT displays a message requesting the

cable type.

LCD2.1-05:

PAL-AT lists several types of cable on each screen. Enter #, if needed, to display additional cable choices.

The choices are 0=END, 1=ATP, 3=JMP, JMP-U or JMP-UD, 5=TFH (or TFH-Gold), 9=JPP, 10=Probe,

11=Special, 13=AGW-Gold, and 14=AGT-Gold. Enter the cable type and # to select one.

The first section connected to PAL-AT is always a jumper cable at least 50 ft [15 m] long. It is

important to include this jumper cable in the sensor string, even if the first monitored location is less than

50 ft from PAL-AT. If the first section is JPP jumper cable, type 9, it must be at least 65 ft [20 m] long.

There is an exception to this rule for monitoring ATP cable. The first section of cable is also ATP, not

jumper cable, and must be at least 50 ft long (see section 10 in the PAL-AT Installation Manual).

2.1.6.2 Probes

Probes are a special case. Probes can be connected to a PAL-AT sensor string anywhere along its length.

The maximum number of probes allowed is 10. PermAlert supplies probes with 10 ft [3 m] of jumper cable

attached to the input and 50 ft [15 m] to the output of the probe integrator. The probe section length is 60

ft [18 m] for calculating the distance to the end of the section. PAL-AT automatically assigns an

identification number (1-10) to each probe.

2.1.6.3 Enter Cable Distance

The next message asks for the distance to the end of the section:

LCD2.1-06:

The distance to the end of the section is the cumulative length of the previously entered sections plus the

length of the new section. For example: setting up section 2, which is 500 ft [150 m] of type AGW-Gold

cable, where section 1, is 50 ft [15 m] of jumper cable. The distance to the end of section 2 is 550 ft [165

m]. There are two methods to enter the distance: (1) use Autoend or (2) enter the estimated distance.

Select Autoend by entering 0#, or just #, and PAL-AT determines the distance to the end of the section

automatically. Otherwise, enter the distance and #. In either case, PAL-AT displays:

LCD2.1-07:

If Autoend is selected, the next display is:

LCD2.1-08:

Enter # to accept the distance determined by PAL-AT. If an estimated distance is entered for a section,

PALAT finds the end of the section and checks if the measured section length is within tolerance of the

estimated distance. If it is, PAL-AT accepts the entry and repeats message LCD2.1-05 for the next section.

If the estimated distance is incorrect, then the following message is displayed:

LCD2.1-09:

2 Operating PAL-AT

PROBABLE SHORT FOUND IN CABLE ? AT ????

* OR # TO REENTER

NO END

FOUND IN CABLE ? IN ???? FEET

* OR # TO REENTER

ENTRY OF ???? IS INVALID

* TO REENTER

MUST BE BEYOND SECTION ?? END AT ????

Enter # to accept or * to reenter the distance determined by PAL-AT. The most likely reason this message

is displayed is incorrect information (cable type or length) was entered.

LCD2.1-10:

There are two reasons for displaying message LCD2.1-10. Either the next section was not connected to

the cable as intended or the connector on the new section was not installed correctly. Enter * and reenter

the data after the problem is corrected.

2.1.6.4 No End Found

If PAL-AT cannot find the end of the cable, one of the following messages is displayed:

LCD2.1-11:

This message shows a short in the cable. Check the cable connectors at the displayed distance. A short

in the cable must be repaired before PAL-AT can monitor the sensor string. Refer to section 5.5 for cable

connector tests.

LCD2.1-12:

This message is displayed if: (1) the actual end of the section is more than 100 ft [30 m] longer than the

estimated distance entered, (2) the end is longer than the maximum length of the system, or (3) the sensor

string is disconnected from the panel. Recheck all connectors as described in section 5.5.

2.1.6.5 AT-ORC Functions

If an Output Relay Controller panel (AT-ORC) is connected to PAL-AT, refer to Appendix A for additional

information regarding relay assignment in Setup.

2.1.6.6 End of Sensor String

PAL-AT repeats messages LCD2.1-05 through LCD2.1-12 for each new cable segment or probe. The

setup table has the capacity for over 50 sensor string sections.

The last section of each sensor string must be jumper cable, except when monitoring ATP cable (see

section 10 of the PAL-AT Installation Manual for specific ATP information). A minimum length of 30 ft [9

m] for JMP-U (40 ft [12 m] for JPP) is required. However, a longer section may be required if the previous

section is a probe or the sensing string is over 2,500 ft [750 m] long. Refer to section 4 in the PAL-AT

Installation Manual.

If the length of the last section of jumper cable is determined by PAL-AT to be shorter than the required

lengths listed above, add additional jumper cable to the last section. This happens occasionally when

there is mismatch between the impedance of the last sensor cable section and the end jumper cable

section. The end jumper cable lengths are used for system calibration and are not monitored for leaks.

After the last cable section data is entered, end the setup table by entering cable type 0 then # at message

LCD2.1-05. The end of the last cable section must have a connector attached. Install the red threaded

plastic dust cap, supplied with PAL-AT, over the connector.

2.1.6.7 Set Sensitivity

After all the cable sections are setup, the system calculates the recommended sensitivity based on the

types of cable selected. The settings are LOW, MED, HI and ADJ. The next message displays the

recommended default setting:

PAL-AT Operating Manual

SENSITIVITY FOR CABLE ?

IS XXX (DEFAULT)

ENTER * TO CHANGE, # TO ACCEPT

REFERENCE READING ON CABLE ? IN PROGRESS

LCD2.1-13:

Normally, MED is selected when monitoring for water-based liquids and HI is selected for hydrocarbons to

meet or exceed the sensitivity values published on the “Product Data Sheet for PAL-AT Sensor Cable

Options”. A higher sensitivity makes a cable more sensitive and requires less wet cable to activate an

alarm.

The risk of damage to the environment and equipment in the monitored area should be

considered before selecting a lower sensitivity.

Changing from high to medium sensitivity approximately doubles the amount of wet cable needed for an

alarm. Changing from medium to low sensitivity doubles the amount again. Low sensitivity should not be

used with AGT-Gold sensing cable. The ADJ, or adjustable, setting is reserved for special cases and

should only be used after consulting with PermAlert technicians (see section 5.3.4).

Enter # to accept the recommended setting or enter * until the preferred setting is displayed and then enter

This completes the Setup function. Next, PAL-AT automatically creates a master map and monitors the

cable.

2.2 Reference Maps

After a cable is setup, PAL-AT automatically creates a reference, or "master", map. A master map is an

electronic "snapshot" of the condition of the cable stored in memory. PAL-AT detects any change in the

condition of the cable compared to the master map. PAL-AT has memory space for seven (7) maps for

each cable. If PAL-AT detects a leak or drying on a sensor string, it automatically creates a new master

map so it can continue to monitor the entire system during the current leak.

2.2.1 Reference Process

PAL-AT displays the following message during the reference process. For most cables, this takes less

than 20 seconds. Then, PAL-AT automatically performs the verify function and monitors the cable.

LCD2.2-01:

2.2.2 Reference Map Rules

When a new cable is setup, PAL-AT always creates map 1. When a leak (or probe activation) is detected,

it creates map 2. If any additional leaks close to the first leak are detected (the leak getting larger), PAL-

AT overwrites map 2 with a new map 2. If it detects a new leak more than 20 ft from the first leak, PAL-

AT creates map 3. Each time an additional leak in the new area is detected, a new map 3 is taken. This

process continues as needed up to map 7. If map 7 is used, it is overwritten when a new reference map

is taken.

Drying cables (or probe reset) do not cause audible alarms. When a cable dries after a leak, PAL-AT

checks if the cable matches the original map 1 or other lower number map. If it does, the lower number

map becomes the active map that PAL-AT uses. If not, PAL-AT creates a new map, or “drying map”, using

the next higher map number. For example, a system detects a leak, creates map 2 and then the cable

slowly dries. PAL-AT creates a new map 3 each time the cable dries a little. Finally, when the cable is

completely dry, PAL-AT switches to monitor map 1.

When PAL-T detects a drying cable and it is using map 1, a new map 1 is created. This is typical after a

new installation with minor wet cable is dried.

Sometimes the cable does not match the original map 1 after a leak and drying sequence if the liquid in

the cable does not evaporate completely. This does not create a problem and PAL-AT monitors the cable,

regardless of the map number. However, the sensitivity may be reduced in the contaminated section of

the cable.

2 Operating PAL-AT

CHECK

CONTINUITY TO END OF CABLE ?

* TO RETURN TO MENU, # CONTINUITY OK

LEAK AT ???? BUT CABLE ? LOOKS ????

SHORTER DUE TO 2ND PROBLEM # TO CONTINUE

DRYING AT ???? BUT CABLE ? LOOKS ????

LONGER DUE TO 2ND PROBLEM # TO CONTINUE

YING AT ???? BUT CABLE ? LOOKS ????

SHORTER – POSSIBLE BREAK # TO CONTINUE

2.2.3 Reference Issues

Break, Short or No End Found

If PAL-AT detects a break, short, or no end of the cable, it does not automatically take a new reference

map. These problems must be corrected before a new reference map can be taken.

Possible Break Detected

A feature of TDR technology is the electrical pulses sent on the cable travel slower when the cable is wet.

They also travel slower in water-based liquids than hydrocarbon liquids. This causes wet cables to look

“longer” to PAL-AT compared to dry cables. PAL-AT checks the length of the cable when it takes a

reference map after a leak or drying.

PAL-AT stops the reference process in three cases and waits for user input.

 When PAL-AT is on-line continuously, it takes a new reference map each time an additional short

length of cable dries. If the cable or panel is off-line for an extended time to dry a cable, there can

be a significant change in the length of wet cable that can make the cable much “shorter”. It also

can be shorter because a length of cable was removed for drying and was not replaced. In either

case, when the cable or panel is put on-line, the system detects the drying but the automatic

reference process stops and displays the following message:

LCD2.2-02:

 If a leak is detected on the cable but the cable appears shorter to PAL-AT, the following message

is displayed:

LCD2.2-03:

 Similar messages appear if a drying cable appears longer:

LCD2.2-04:

In each of the three cases, enter # for the next message:

LCD2.2-05:

First check the continuity to the end of the cable to make sure all cable is connected (see section 5.5).

The cable with a leak detected may appear shorter due to the cable drying at a previous leak past the

current leak. The cable with drying detected may appear longer due to a second leak past the current

drying area when the system was off-line.

In either case, if the continuity is correct, continue with reference mapping by entering #.

2.3 Verify

Verify is used to turn automatic monitoring on/off for a cable. The verify function also checks if the cable

matches any of the reference maps. Select the verify function from the Main Menu by entering 4 and #.

A level 200 password is required (see section 2.8).

2.3.1 Multiple Cable System

If the system is an AT30K, the first message is:

PAL-AT Operating Manual

ENTER CABLE NUMBER (1

4), THEN #:

FOR VERIFY * TO EXIT

MONITORING USES MAP ?

ENTER # TO USE MAP ? , * FOR ANOTHER

LEAK DETECTED IN CABLE ? AT ???? FEET

ENTER # OR * TO RETURN TO MAIN MENU

CABLE ? MATCHES MAP ? , END AT ???? FEET

MONITOR CABLE ? # FOR YES, * FOR NO

VERIFYING CABLE ?

ENTER MAP TO VERIFY (1-?)

BREAK DETECTED IN CABLE ? AT ???? FEET

BUT SETUP AS ???? FEET. # OR * FOR MENU

LCD2.3-01:

2.3.2 Select the Master Map

PAL-AT prompts to select a map to verify. This is useful to see if the current condition of the cable matches

any of the previous maps (see section 3 for further details). The display shows the current master map

number. This is the map used during monitoring. The next message is:

LCD2.3-02:

If * is entered, PAL-AT displays:

LCD2.3-03:

Enter the number of the map to compare to the current cable condition, then #.

2.3.3 Verify Process

The next message PAL-AT displays is:

LCD2.3-04:

When the process is completed, PAL-AT displays the following message if the current system matches

the selected map:

LCD2.3-05:

This means the cable is in the same condition now as when the map was created. If so, go to section

2.3.4 for the next step.

If the sensor string does not match the selected map, one of several messages is displayed. The first line

of the message shows the location and type of problem: leak, drying, short, break, probe activated, probe

reset, etc. The second line asks to return to the Main Menu if the map number selected in LCD2.3-03 is

not the one being monitored. A few examples are:

LCD2.3-06:

This message is displayed if a leak is detected compared to the selected map.

LCD2.3-07:

If the distance in the first line is shorter than the distance in the second line, there is a break. If the first

distance is longer than the second distance, then the end of the cable is now longer than originally setup.

This means an additional section of cable is attached to the end of the system. If a sensor string is

extended, the additional cable must be added using the Display Setup function (see section 2.5).

2 Operating PAL-AT

CABLE ? MATCHES MAP ?, NO END DETECTED

BUT SETUP AS ???? FEET. # OR * FOR MENU

CABLE ? MATCHES MAP ?, END AT ???? FEET

MONITOR CABLE ? # FOR YES * FOR NO

LEAK DETECTED IN CABLE 1 AT ???

FEET

MONITOR CABLE ? # FOR YES, * FOR NO

NO CABLES SET FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING

ENTER # OR * TO RETURN TO MAIN MENU

CABLE “A” OK

* TO RETURN TO MENU “TIME” “DATE”

MONITORING CABLE “A”, USING MAP “B”

* TO RETURN TO MENU “TIME” “DATE”

LCD2.3-08:

This message is displayed when the cable is disconnected completely from PAL-AT or it is at least 200 ft

[60 m] longer than when it was setup.

2.3.4 Select to Monitor

If the map selected in section 2.3.2 matches the cable or is the current one set for monitoring, the second

line of the message asks if the cable should be monitored. Example messages are:

LCD2.3-09:

LCD2.3-10:

Enter # to monitor the cable automatically or * to take it off-line and return to the menu. In a multi-cable

PAL-AT, a cable may be set off-line when a slow leak or construction in the area of a cable is causing

repeated alarms. If a cable is taken on/off-line for monitoring, the action is recorded in the archive history

of events (see section 2.6).

2.4 Monitor

Enter 1 and # from the Main Menu to put PAL-AT into monitor mode. The display alternates several

messages when PAL-AT is in this mode. It shows the number of the cable it is checking and if the cable

is OK. The constantly changing display is a self-check by PAL-AT.

When the LCD is not changing, or is blank, it means PAL-AT is not monitoring for leaks. If

this occurs, notify appropriate personnel immediately. The green power LED on the door also

flashes when PAL-AT is in the main menu and not monitoring.

The system checks each cable for the following conditions: leak, drying, probe active, probe reset, break,

short, or cable OK. When a leak or drying is detected, PAL-AT automatically creates a new master

reference map and continues to monitor the entire cable. If a break or short is found, the problem must be

corrected before the system can monitor the full length of cable and reset the relays.

2.4.1 Normal Messages Displayed

LCD2.4-01:

This message means no cables have been setup or no cables are selected for automatic monitoring.

Select cables for automatic monitoring with the Verify function (see section 2.3).

LCD2.4-02:

“A” is the cable number being monitored and “B” is the master map it is compared to.

LCD2.4-03:

This message is displayed when the cable matches the master map.

PAL-AT Operating Manual

RECHECKING CABLE “A”, USING MAP “B”

* TO RETURN TO MENU “TIME” “DATE”

FAULT IN FIRST 50 FEET OF CABLE ?