Phytec phyCORE-LPC3180 Programming manual

A product of a PHYTEC Technology Holding company
phyCORE®-LPC3180
QuickStart Instructions
Programming Embedded Linux on phyCORE-LPC3180
Note: The PHYTEC Spectrum CD includes the electronic version of the English
phyCORE-LPC3180 Hardware Manual
Edition: May 2007

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
© PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
In this manual are descriptions for copyrighted products that are not explicitly indicated as such. The
absence of the trademark (™) and copyright (©) symbols does not imply that a product is not
protected. Additionally, registered patents and trademarks are similarly not expressly indicated in this
manual.
The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely reliable.
However, PHYTEC America LLC assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies. PHYTEC America
LLC neither gives any guarantee nor accepts any liability whatsoever for consequential damages
resulting from the use of this manual or its associated product. PHYTEC America LLC reserves the
right to alter the information contained herein without prior notification and accepts no responsibility
for any damages, which might result.
Additionally, PHYTEC America LLC offers no guarantee nor accepts any liability for damages arising
from the improper usage or improper installation of the hardware or software. PHYTEC America LLC
further reserves the right to alter the layout and/or design of the hardware without prior notification
and accepts no liability for doing so.
©Copyright 2007 PHYTEC America LLC, Bainbridge Island, WA.
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storage or processing in computer systems, in whole or in part - are reserved. No reproduction may
occur without the express written consent from PHYTEC America LLC.
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PHYTEC America LLC
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Bainbridge Island, WA 98110
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Ordering
Information: [phone]
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Web Site: http://www.phytec.de http://www.phytec.com
2nd Edition: May 2007

Contents
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2
1Introduction to the Rapid Development Kit......................................... 5
1.1 Rapid Development Kit Documentation ........................................... 5
1.2 Overview of this QuickStart Instruction ............................................ 5
2System Description................................................................................ 6
2.1 Rapid Development Kit Contents ..................................................... 6
2.2 Host System Requirements for Downloading images (section 3).... 7
2.3 Host System Requirements for Building new images (section 5) .... 7
2.4 The PHYTEC phyCORE®-LPC3180 ............................................... 8
2.5 LPC3180 Boot Process.................................................................... 8
3Getting Started ....................................................................................... 9
3.1 Installing Rapid Development Kit Software...................................... 9
3.1.1 Installing PHYTEC Spectrum CD......................................... 9
3.1.2 Install the Segger jlink.exe and J-Link Drivers.................... 10
3.2 Interfacing the phyCORE®-LPC3180 to a Host-PC....................... 11
3.3 Flashing Images............................................................................. 13
3.3.1 Setup .................................................................................. 13
3.3.2 Writing Images to Flash...................................................... 16
4Extended Demo: USB-Ethernet........................................................... 21
4.1 Using Ethernet................................................................................ 21
4.2 Using MMC/SD Card Devices........................................................ 23
5Getting More Involved.......................................................................... 24
5.1 Tool Chain Setup............................................................................ 24
5.2 Building SIBL.................................................................................. 24
5.3 Building U-Boot............................................................................... 25
5.4 Building Linux Kernel...................................................................... 26
5.5 Root File System............................................................................ 27
5.5.1 Mount the File System........................................................ 27
5.5.2 Add new application program to File System..................... 27
5.5.3 Update Loadable Modules.................................................. 27
5.5.4 File System Workflow......................................................... 28
5.5.5 Building a New Root File System ....................................... 28
5.5.6 Building a JFFS2 File System ............................................ 29

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
© PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
Index of Figures
Figure 1: Default Jumper Settings of the phyCORE Carrier Board
with phyCORE-LPC3180.............................................................. 11
Figure 2: Power Connector.......................................................................... 12

Introduction
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 5
1Introduction to the Rapid Development Kit
This Rapid Development Kit contains a phyCORE-LPC3180 SBC module mounted on the phyCORE-
LPC3180 Carier Board. The phyCORE-LPC3180 Carrier Board contains the I/O connectors as well
as any other interface circuitry not provided on the phyCORE module itself. The phyCORE module,
combined with the PHYTEC Carrier Board, provides a platform to jump start embedded designs and
propel concept to prototype and finished product.
The PHYTEC Rapid Development Kit also contains cables, power supply, printed schematics,
applicable evaluation software development tool CDs, and the PHYTEC Spectrum CD. The PHYTEC
Spectrum CD-ROM provides this QuickStart guide, complete electronic documentation and demo
programs.
1.1 Rapid Development Kit Documentation
This "Rapid Development Kit" (RDK) includes the following documentation on the enclosed "PHYTEC
Spectrum for ARM7/9 CD-ROM":
•the PHYTEC phyCORE-LPC3180 Hardware Manual
•LPC3180 controller User's Manuals and Data Sheets
•this QuickStart Instruction
1.2 Overview of this QuickStart Instruction
This QuickStart instruction guide describes how to install, configure, and run Linux on the PHYTEC
phyCORE-LPC3180, which utilizes the NXP LPC3180 MCU (ARM926EJ-S core). The QuickStart
guide is structured as follows:
1) The "Getting Started"section describes installation of the Rapid Development Kit software and
how to interface the phyCORE-LPC3180 target hardware to a host PC.
2) The "Flashing"section demonstrates how to download the bootloader and a Linux image into
the on-board NAND Flash.
3) The "Extended Demo: USB-Ethenet" section assists the user to set up a network with the
phyCORE-LPC3180 and a USB-to-Ethernet adapter.

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
6© PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
2System Description
2.1 Rapid Development Kit Contents
The following PHYTEC hardware and software components are included in the phyCORE-LPC3180
Rapid Development Kit (KPCM-031-LINUX) and are necessary for completing the instructions in this
application note:
•the PHYTEC phyCORE-LPC3180 (PCM-031) featuring:
32MB of NAND Flash
32MB of SDR SDRAM
NXP ISP1301 USB OTG transceiver
two high-speed RS-232 transceivers supporting three UARTs at up to 460kbps
•the phyCORE-LPC3180 Carrier Board (PCM-976) featuring:
two RS-232 DB9 Connectors for serial communication to a PC
USB Host, Device, and OTG connectors for USB connectivity
JTAG connector
four user LEDs / two user buttons / one user potentiometer
one MMC card slot
keyboard interface
power connector
•AC adapter supplying 5 VDC /min. 500 mA, center positive
•RS-232 DB9 serial cable
•USB A to B cable
•the Segger J-Link JTAG-USB adapter, only included in the Linux Rapid Development Kit version1
•the PHYTEC Spectrum CD for ARM7/9 including kit documentation, Linux BSP source, ARM
toolchain, SIBL (secondary bootloader), U-Boot, kernel, and root file system images.
In addition to the kit contents, the following hardware is required for the USB-Ethernet demo:
•A powered USB hub2. This document uses a 4-port i-Connect powered USB hub.
•A USB-to-Ethernet adapter. This document uses the SMC Networks Compact USB 2.0 to 10/100
Mbps Ethernet Adapter, part number SMC2209USB/ETH.
1: The Segger J-LINK is included in the Rapid Development Kit version with the part number KPCM-031-LINUX.
2: The phyCORE-LPC3180 is a USB OTG enabled device. When operating as an embedded host, an OTG device can only
supply up to 8mA of operating current. Most non-OTG enabled USB devices require more than 8mA of operating current
so a powered USB hub is typically required to interface USB devices.

System Description
2.2 Host System Requirements for Downloading images
(section 3)
•Operating System: Windows 2000 or Windows XP
•Terminal emulation program such as HyperTerminal, Terminal or TeraTerm
•One available USB 2.0 or USB 1.1 device port
•One available serial RS-232 COM port (or USB-to-RS-232 adapter)
2.3 Host System Requirements for Building new images
(section 5)
•Operating System: Linux
•Terminal emulation program such as, Minicom or RealTerm
For more information and example updates, please refer to the following sources:
http://www.phytec.com - or - http://www.phytec.de
[email protected] - or - [email protected]
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 7

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
8© PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
2.4 The PHYTEC phyCORE®-LPC3180
The phyCORE-LPC3180 supports the industry's first 90nm ARM-9 based microcontroller. The new
32-bit MCU high-performance, low power LCP3180 ARM926EJ-S device from NXP Semiconductors
(founded by Philips) is the only ARM9 microcontroller that provides a vector floating-point co-
processor and integrated USB OTG, as well as the ability to operate in ultra-low-power mode down to
0.9V. The on-board MMU supports many embedded operating systems. Other chip-level features
include 7 UARTs, SPI, I2C, a real-time clock with a separate power domain, and NAND Flash and
DDR memory controllers.
Please refer to the phyCORE-LPC3180 Hardware Manual for specific information on board-level
features, jumper configuration, memory mapping, pin layout, and carrier board features.
2.5 LPC3180 Boot Process
The LPC3180 boot process is a multi-staged effort involving one or more boot loaders. After a reset
the LPC3180 executes its on-chip bootstrap software located in the on-chip boot ROM. The bootstrap
software first looks at the latched value of the GPI_1/SERVICE_N signal of the MCU and either (1)
copies code from NAND Flash into internal RAM and executes it, or (2) attempts a data download
over UART5; if no code is received within the timeout period, booting proceeds from NAND Flash as
outlined in (1). Configuration of the boot mode is done via an external jumper on the phyCORE-
LPC3180 Carrier Board. By default the Carrier Board should be configured for boot process (2).
Please refer to the PHYTEC phyCORE-LPC3180 hardware manual for details on changing this
setting if required.
When booting from NAND Flash the on-chip bootstrap software copies the boot image located in
block 0 of the NAND Flash into internal RAM and executes it. For operation of Linux this boot image
must be the SIBL secondary boot loader. SIBL will initialize the SLC NAND controller and SDRAM.
After initialization SIBL will scan the NAND Flash for images and executables and load these into
memory. The first executable it finds, which in our case is U-Boot, will be executed. U-Boot will then
start Linux.
Besides starting Linux, U-Boot (Universal boot loader) is a feature-rich boot loader that can be used
to boot Linux in a number of different configurations (from Flash, from TFTP download, etc…) More
information on U-Boot can be found on the Internet or by typing help in U-Boot.

Getting Started
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 9
3Getting Started
What you will learn with this Getting Started example:
•installing Rapid Development Kit software
•interfacing the phyCORE-LPC3180, mounted on the Carrier Board, to a host-PC using the
Segger J-LINK
3.1 Installing Rapid Development Kit Software
3.1.1 Installing PHYTEC Spectrum CD
The current version of the PHYTEC Spectrum CD for ARM7/9 does not provide a setup program for
automatic installation of the LINUX specific kit contents1. You will need to manually copy the demos,
manuals, and other support documents for this Rapid Development Kit to your local hard drive.
•Insert the PHYTEC Spectrum CD into the CD-ROM drive of your host-PC. The PHYTEC
Spectrum CD should automatically launch a setup program.
•Please exit the installation screen.
•Open a Windows Explorer (or similar program) and browse to the PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180 folder
on the PHYTEC Spectrum CD-ROM.
The pC-LPC3180 folder within PHYBasic contains the following directories:
The Quickstart folder contains this QuickStart document L-698e_1.pdf
The Linux folder contains the ARM Linux tool chain, Linux BSP source code, file system,
Linux BSP documentation from NXP, and demo images required for this QuickStart.
The Manual folder contains the phyCORE-LPC3180 Hardware Manual
Copy the three folders listed above to your local hard drive in a location named C:\PHYBasic\pC-
LPC3180. Make sure to remove the read-only attribute from all files copied to you hard drive.
Note: All path and file statements within this QuickStart Instruction are based on the assumption
that you choose C:\PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180 as the default path when copying files from the
Spectrum CD-ROM to your hard drive.
1: Future versions of the Spectrum CD will offer automatic installaion for LINUX kit contents in the
same manner as currently available for KEIL and IAR kit versions.

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
10 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
3.1.2 Install the Segger jlink.exe and J-Link Drivers
The Segger J-Link includes a CD-ROM with the required Windows drivers and the jlink.exe
command prompt utility. In addition PHYTEC provides the most recent version (as of the printing of
this manual) of the J-Link drivers on the Spectrum CD for ARM7/9. Alternatively you can download
the most recent1USB J-Link driver from Segger at the following URL:
http://www.segger.com/download_jlink.html.
It is important that you use the most recent version of the Segger J-Link drivers. PHYTEC
recommends installing the J-Link driver and jlink.exe from the Spectrum CD for ARM7/9.
•In a Windows Explorer (or similar program) browse to the C:\PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180\Segger
folder (or the same location on the PHYTEC Spectrum CD-ROM) and run the file
Setup_JLinkARM_V368b.exe.
•Follow the installation steps on the screen.
•Once the installation is complete jlink.exe can be found at the following installation location:
C:\Program Files\Segger\JLinkARM_V368b. jlink.exe will be required for flashing images as
described in section 3.3 of this QuickStart manual.
1At the date this document was released Segger J-Link version 368b was most current.

Getting Started
3.2 Interfacing the phyCORE®-LPC3180 to a Host-PC
Connecting the phyCORE-LPC3180, mounted on the phyCORE Carrier Board, to your computer is
simple.
•Ensure proper jumper settings on the phyCORE Carrier Board as shown in Figure 1. All
phyCORE-LPC3180 Carrier Board jumper settings can be referenced in the phyCORE-LPC3180
Hardware Manual section 13.1.1.
Figure 1: Default Jumper Settings of the phyCORE Carrier Board with phyCORE-LPC3180
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 11

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
•If not pre-mounted. Mount the phyCORE module, pins-down, onto the Carrier Board's receptacle
footprint (X200). Ensure that pin 1 of the module, designated by the hash stencil mark, matches
pin 1 of the receptacle on the Carrier Board.
Note: Ensure that there is a solid connection between the module's pins and the Carrier Board
receptacle. Also take precautions not to damage the connectors when the phyCORE module
is removed from and inserted onto the Carrier Board.
•Connect the JTAG-end of the J-Link JTAG probe to the JTAG connector on your phyCORE-
LPC3180 Carrier Board. Connect the host (USB) end of the J-Link JTAG probe to an available
USB port on your host computer. The J-Link JTAG tool is used to download images to the
phyCORE-LPC3180 board.
•Connect the RS-232 interface on the host PC to the bottom connector of the UART interface
(UART5) on the phyCORE®Carrier Board using the included serial cable.
•Connect the included 5V power adapter to the power socket X304 on the phyCORE Carrier
Board (refer to Figure 2 for the correct polarity).
Figure 2: Power Connector
•The red power LED D307, located next to the power socket at X304, should illuminate. This
indicates that proper voltage is supplied to the phyCORE module/Carrier Board combination
(which is also referred to as "target hardware" within this document).
The phyCORE module/Carrier Board combination should now be properly connected to a host PC via
the Segger J-LINK.
12 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2

Getting Started
3.3 Flashing Images
Flashing images on the phyCORE-LPC3180 involves using one or both of the NAND Flash controllers
available on the LPC3180. Both the SLC and MLC NAND Flash controllers on the LPC3180 can be
used to write to the SLC NAND Flash device populating the phyCORE-LPC3180. Special attention
should be paid to which Flash controller is being used when writing to NAND Flash. Because of error
correction code incompatibility, data is incompatible between the two NAND controllers; data written
by one controller is not readable by the other, and vice-versa.
Currently the Bootflash utility written by PHYTEC is used to flash all images to the phyCORE-
LPC3180 NAND Flash. Bootflash uses the MLC NAND controller to write the secondary boot loader
SIBL, while the Linux kernel, Linux file system, and U-Boot images are written using the SLC NAND
controller.
Bootflash will be loaded into RAM and executed to make use of its command prompt driven interfaces
for Flash manipulation. The basic flashing procedure is as follows:
•An instance of Bootflash will be first downloaded via the J-Link to the LPC3180 internal RAM and
execution will be transferred to the downloaded Bootflash instance.
•SIBL, U-Boot, the Linux kernel, and the Linux file system will be downloaded into SDRAM.
•Two Bootflash commands will be issued to burn the images stored in SDRAM into NAND Flash.
3.3.1 Setup
3.3.1.1 Environment Path
Begin by setting up your environment path variable to point to the location of the jlink.exe.
•Right-click on the My Computer icon on your desktop and choose Properties.
•Click on the Advanced tab and click on the Environment Variables button. If the PATH variable
exists append a new path at the end in the format PATH1;PATH2. If it does not exist click New to
create a new user variable.
•Name this new variable PATH. The Variable value needs to be the location of the jlink.exe,
which for the purposes of this document is in:
C:\Program Files\SEGGER\JLinkARM_V368b
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 13

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
14 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2
•Click OK to close the New User Variable, Environment Variables, and System Properties
windows.

Getting Started
3.3.1.2 Terminal Program
•Create a new connection with a Terminal program such as HyperTerminal, indicate the correct
COM settings for Host System and set the parameters as follows: Bits per second = 115200;
Data bits = 8; Parity = None; Stop bits = 1; Flow control = None.
3.3.1.3 Command Prompt
•Open a command prompt window and browse to the Demo folder at this location:
C:\PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180\Linux\Demo
You should see the following files:
bootflash.bin rootfs_phytec.ubt uimage_phytec.ubt
load_bootflash.jlink sibl_phytec.bin uboot_phytec.bin
load_images.jlink uImage_phytec uboot_phytec.ubt
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 15

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
3.3.2 Writing Images to Flash
To boot Linux from phyCORE-LPC3180 NAND Flash, four images must be written to the NAND
Flash: (1) SIBL, (2) U-Boot, (3) the Linux image, and (4) the Linux file system. The Bootflash utility is
used to burn these images to NAND Flash.
•Return to the command prompt window where you have placed the images. Execute the
load_bootflash.jlink script by typing the following command:
C:\PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180\Linux\Demo>jlink load_bootflash.jlink
•Return to the HyperTerminal window. You should see the output from the Bootflash utility.
16 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2

Getting Started
•Select 2 from the menu for the default 32 MB SDRAM populating the phyCORE-LPC3180 Linux
development kits. If you have SDRAM of a different size, please select accordingly.
•Now return to the command prompt window and quite the Jlink program by entering qin the
command prompt
J-Link>q
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phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
•Execute the load_images.jlink script by typing the following command:
C:\PHYBasic\pC-LPC3180\Linux\Demo>jlink load_images.jlink
The script will take one to two minutes to complete execution. Once the script is complete the images
(uboot_phytec.ubt, uImage_phytec.ubt, rootfs_phytec.ubt, sibl_phytec.bin) will be loaded into the
SDRAM.
•After the script completes, return to the HyperTerm window and the running instance of Bootflash.
•Now that the images are in SDRAM they can be written to the on-board NAND Flash. At the
Bootflash command prompt issue the following command:
bootflash $ lflash
18 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2

Getting Started
Once the Jflash command is executed Bootflash will begin by scanning the SDRAM for .ubt files that
were loaded in the jlink load_images.jlink step. If all files were found successfully, and the data is
error free Bootflash will continue by calculating the available space in the NAND Flash and comparing
this to the size of the images. If enough space is available Bootflash will erase a new area for each
image, followed by programming the images into the newly erased areas. Note that Bootflash will skip
any bad blocks currently existing in Flash during the write process. See below for reference:
Next the secondary boot loader SIBL must be written to Flash. The load_images script placed this file
at the SDRAM address 0x81000000. To write this binary file to Flash, the command nand bwrite
must be used. Type the following command at the Bootflash prompt:
bootflash $ nand bwrite 0x81000000 0x1400
© PHYTEC Anerica LLC 2007 L-698e_2 19

phyCORE-LPC3180 QuickStart Instructions
All required images have been written to the NAND Flash. Upon a hardware reset the Linux image
should begin booting.
•Press the reset button, labeled “RST”, located near the 5V power connector on the phyCORE-
LPC3180 Carrier Board. Linux will begin booting.
•After successful boot, Linux login prompt should display:
20 © PHYTEC America LLC 2007 L-698e_2