Samsung S3C2410 User manual

S3C2410/ Mobile Solution Group / IM-1.1-04-05
Mobile Solution Group, System LSI. Property of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Installation Manual for S3C2410
(Linux)

S3C2410/ Mobile Business Enabling / IM-1.1-04-05
Mobile Solution Group, System LSI. Property of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. II
Installation Manual for S3C2410 (Linux)
Copyright © 2004 Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
Though every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of this document, Samsung Electronics Co,
Ltd. cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions or for any loss occasioned to any person,
whether legal or natural, from acting, or refraining from action, as a result of the information
contained herein. Information in this document is subject to change at any time without obligation to
notify any person of such changes.
Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. may have patents or patent pending applications, trademarks copyrights
or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this
document does not give the recipient or reader any license to these patents, trademarks copyrights or
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permission of Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd.
The document is subject to revision without further notice.
All brand names and product names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
Contact Address
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
San #24 Nongseo-Ri, Giheung-EUP,
Yongin- City, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
C.P.O Box #37, Suwon 449-900
Home Page: http://www.samsungsemi.com

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III Property of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Mobile Solution Group, System LSI.
Revision History
Date Version Author Amendment
2004-04-30 1.0 TS Team Preliminary Copy
2004-05-07 1.1 TS Team Document Update

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Contents
1DOWNLOADING BSP............................................................................................... 1
2INSTALLING TOOLCHAIN......................................................................................... 2
3COMPILING BOOTLOADER AND KERNEL FOR SMDK2410 .................................................. 3
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO BOOTLOADER ................................................................................. 3
3.1.1 What is Vivi.............................................................................................. 3
3.2 COMPILING VIVI .................................................................................................. 3
3.3 COMPILING KERNEL .............................................................................................. 6
3.4 COPYING ROOT FILE SYSTEM ..................................................................................... 8
4PORTING LINUX TO THE TARGET BOARD..................................................................... 9
4.1 PORTING LINUX TO THE TARGET BOARD.......................................................................... 9
4.2 MINICOM ......................................................................................................... 9
4.3 UPLOADING ‘VIVI’USING JTAG CABLE .......................................................................... 13
4.4 PORTING IMAGES USING VIVI.....................................................................................14
4.5 SMC PARTITIONING AND WRITING VIVI IMAGE ....................................................................16
4.6 WRITING KERNEL IMAGE.........................................................................................19
4.7 WRITING ROOT FILE SYSTEM IMAGE .............................................................................21
4.8 ZTELNET ........................................................................................................24
4.8.1 Installing ztelnet.......................................................................................24
4.9 EXECUTING MINICOM ............................................................................................25
4.10 SETTING UP AN IP ADDRESS FOR HOST PC AND SMDK 2410 TARGET BOARD.....................................26
4.11 CONFIRMING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN HOST PC AND TARGET BOARD .........................................27
4.12 CONNECTING HOST PC TO TARGET BOARD BY USING ZTELNET ...................................................28
4.13 TRANSFERRING IMAGES BY ZTELNET..............................................................................29
4.14 IMAGEWRITE ....................................................................................................30
4.14.1 Creating partitions in SMC............................................................................30
4.14.2 Copying the Images to SMC using imagewrite utility.............................................31
INDEX...................................................................................................................33

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Figures
FIGURE 3-1 VIVI CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................... 4
FIGURE 3-2 INPUTTING VIVI CONFIGURATION FILE ........................................................................... 4
FIGURE 3-3 SAVING NEW KERNEL CONFIGURATION .......................................................................... 5
FIGURE 3-4 KERNEL CONFIGURATIONS....................................................................................... 6
FIGURE 3-5 INPUTTING KERNEL CONFIGURATION FILE........................................................................ 7
FIGURE 3-6 SAVING NEW KERNEL CONFIGURATION .......................................................................... 7
FIGURE 4-1 MINICOM SETUP................................................................................................. 9
FIGURE 4-2 SERIAL PORT SETUP............................................................................................10
FIGURE 4-3 SERIAL PORT SETUP............................................................................................10
FIGURE 4-4 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE FLOW CONTROL SETUP................................................................11
FIGURE 4-5 SAVING MINICOM SETUP........................................................................................11
FIGURE 4-6 EXITING FROM MINICOM........................................................................................12
FIGURE 4-7 VIVI SHELL PROMPT ............................................................................................ 13
FIGURE 4-8 XMODEM_INITIAL_TIMEOUT SETTINGS ON VIVI PROMPT..........................................................14
FIGURE 4-9 XMODEM_INITIAL_TIMEOUT SETTINGS...........................................................................15
FIGURE 4-10 PARTITIONING SMC .......................................................................................... 16
FIGURE 4-11 XMODEM X-FER MODE FOR VIVI................................................................................ 17
FIGURE 4-12 ENTERING FILENAME FOR VIVI.................................................................................17
FIGURE 4-13 VIVI DOWNLOAD STATUS ......................................................................................18
FIGURE 4-14 VIVI PROMPT .................................................................................................18
FIGURE 4-15 XMODEM X-FER MODE FOR KERNEL IMAGE .....................................................................19
FIGURE 4-16 ENTERING FILENAME FOR ZIMAGE .............................................................................19
FIGURE 4-17 ZIMAGE DOWNLOAD STATUS ..................................................................................20
FIGURE 4-18 VIVI PROMPT .................................................................................................20
FIGURE 4-19 XMODEM X-FER MODE FOR ROOT.CRAMFS IMAGE...............................................................21
FIGURE 4-20 ENTERING FILENAME FOR ROOT.CRAMFS ......................................................................21
FIGURE 4-21 ROOT.CRAMFS DOWNLOAD STATUS............................................................................ 22
FIGURE 4-22 VIVI PROMPT .................................................................................................22
FIGURE 4-23 AFTER BOOTING THE TARGET BOARD .........................................................................23
FIGURE 4-24 BOOTING TARGET BOARD ....................................................................................25
FIGURE 4-25 SETTING ARBITRARY IP.......................................................................................26
FIGURE 4-26 IFCONFIG.....................................................................................................26
FIGURE 4-27 PING TEST ...................................................................................................27
FIGURE 4-28 ZTELNET .....................................................................................................28
FIGURE 4-29 COPYING IMAGE FILES TO TARGET BOARD USING ZTELNET .....................................................29

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FIGURE 4-30 IMAGE FILES ON TARGET BOARD ..............................................................................29
FIGURE 4-31 PARTITIONING SMC .......................................................................................... 30
FIGURE 4-32 WRITING IMAGES ON SMC....................................................................................31
FIGURE 4-33 WRITING IMAGES ON SMC....................................................................................32

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1Downloading BSP
Please log in into Super user mode and add the user.
For egs, to add new user as ‘test’, please follow the following commands.
[root@localhost root]# adduser test
[root@localhost root]# passwd test
Changing password for user test:
New Password: --Enter the password for user ‘test’ as you wish.
Please download the source code for S3C2410 from
http://www.samsung.com/Products/Semiconductor/SystemLSI/MobileSolutions/MobileASSP/MobileCo
mputing/S3C2410X/S3C2410X.htm and copy it to the working directory /home/test. Following are the
necessary files for S3C2410.
Filename Description
cross-2.95.3.tar.bz2 Toolchain
Ztelnet-0.9.1-7mz.i386.rpm RPM
s3c2410_vivi_r1.1.tar.bz2 bootloader
s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1.tar.bz2 kernel
s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_module_mmc.tar.bz2 MMC
root.cramfs Small Size root file system image (Only for Booting)
root_qtopia.cramfs Qtopia window Root file System image
Below is the list of downloaded files from the Samsung website.
[root@localhost test]#
[root@localhost test]# ls
cross-2.95.3.tar.bz2
root.cramfs
root_qtopia.cramfs
s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_module_mmc.tar.bz2
s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1.tar.bz2
s3c2410_vivi_r1.1.tar.bz2
Ztelnet-0.9.1-7mz.i386.rpm

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2Installing Toolchain
Building the tool chain is not a trivial exercise and for most common situations pre-built tool chains
already exists. Unless you need to build your own, or you want to do it anyway to gain a deeper
understanding, then simply installing and using a suitable ready-made tool chain is strongly
recommended.
Please follow the commands below and Install the tool chain in the directory mentioned below.
[root@localhost test]# mkdir –p /usr/local/arm
[root@localhost test]# tar jxvf cross-2.95.3.tar.bz2
The above command will generate the “2.95.3” folder under the /test/ directory. Copy this folder
under “/usr/local/arm/” directory.
[root@localhost test]# mv 2.95.3 /usr/local/arm/
[root@localhost test]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin
The toolchain object files such as arm compilers, loaders etc. will be available in the
‘/usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin’ directory.

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3Compiling Bootloader and Kernel for SMDK2410
3.1 Introduction to Bootloader
In embedded system, general firmware like CMOS does not exist. So to boot embedded system for the
first time, we have to make bootloader which can adjust well to target board.
Bootloader plays a very important part in embedded system. The role of bootloader is explained below.
•Copy kernel to RAM from flash memory, and execute kernel.
•Initialize hardware.
•Bootloader have the function that writing data to flash memory.
(Downloading kernel or Ram disk by serial port or other network hardware, data is stored in
RAM. But RAM loses all data downloaded if you remove the power supply, so to avoid this work
you have to store to flash memory.)
•It provides interface to send commands to target board or to inform user’s state of target
board.
3.1.1 What is Vivi
Vivi is bootloader made to use exclusively at ARM line processor. Because vivi supports only serial
interface, to communicate between host PC and embedded system, you have to connect host PC to
target board by serial cable and execute Minicom.
3.2 Compiling Vivi
Vivi source file is compressed with tarball, ‘s3c2410_vivi_r1.1.tar.bz2’. Extract it executing
following command.
[root@localhost test]#
[root@localhost test]# tar jxvf s3c2410_vivi_r1.1.tar.bz2
Go to ‘s3c2410_vivi_r1.1’ directory created after extracting the tarball and then execute the
following commands.
[root@localhost test]# cd s3c2410_vivi_r1.1
[root@localhost s3c2410_vivi_r1.1]# make menuconfig
Please Select ‘Load an Alternate Configuration File’ as shown in figure 3-1.

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Figure 3-1 Vivi configuration
Please enter the name of the configuration file you wish to load ‘arch/def-configs/smdk2410’ as
shown in figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2 Inputting Vivi configuration file
Select ‘Exit’ and then ‘Yes’ to save your new kernel configuration.

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Figure 3-3 Saving New Kernel Configuration
After saving the New Kernel configuration, please execute the following command to compile Vivi
source code.
[root@localhost s3c2410_vivi_r1.1]# make
If the compilation of vivi progresses well, ‘vivi’ binary image file will be created under /vivi directory.
In Next chapter we will learn how to port vivi (bootloader), kernel image, and root file system to target
board. To do this work more conveniently, it is good to collect the compiled images to /image
directory.
Create the ‘/image’ directory under ‘/home/test’ and copy the compiled images to ‘/image’ directory.
[root@localhost s3c2410_vivi_r1.1]# mkdir /home/test/image
[root@localhost s3c2410_vivi_r1.1]# cp vivi /home/test/image
Please execute the following command to create imagewrite utility, to write the images to the SMC.
[root@localhost s3c2410_vivi_r1.1]# cd util
[root@localhost util]# /usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin/arm-linux-gcc –o imagewrite
imagewrite.c
Finally copy the ‘imagewrite’ utility to ‘/home/test/image’.
[root@localhost util]# cp imagewrite /home/test/image

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3.3 Compiling Kernel
Kernel source is compressed by the name of ‘s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1.tar.bz2’. Extract this bz2
file by executing the following command. After extracting the kernel tarball file
‘s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1’ directory will generate.
[root@localhost test]# tar jxvf s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost test]# cd s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1
Set the values by executing ‘make menuconfig’ command. You can load default-configuration-file that
is composed with values optimized to target board. In the case of kernel, default-configuration-files
are located in ‘s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1’ directory.
Please enter the path of the configuration file to load ‘arch/arm/def-configs/smdk24a0’ file, after
selecting ‘Load on Alternate Configuration File’ menu.
[root@localhost s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1]# make menuconfig
Please select ‘Load an Alternate Configuration File’ as shown in figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Kernel configurations
Please enter the name of the configuration file you wish to load
‘arch/arm/def-configs/smdk2410’ as shown in figure 3-5.

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Figure 3-5 Inputting Kernel configuration file
Select ‘Exit’ and then ‘Yes’ to save your new kernel configuration.
Figure 3-6 Saving New Kernel Configuration

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[root@localhost s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1]# make dep
[root@localhost s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1]# make zImage
After executing above commands the Kernel image will be created in
‘s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1/arch/arm/boot’ directory by the name of ‘zImage’.
Copy ‘zImage’(kernel image) to ‘image’ directory, to port the kernel image on the target board.
# s3c2410_kernel2.4.18_r1.1/arch/arm/boot/
[root@localhost boot]# cp zImage /home/test/image/
3.4 Copying Root file System
Root filesystem is composed of Cramfs (Compressed ROM file system). Cramfs is designed small and
simple. The size is restricted to 256MB, but it doesn’t act on a defect in embedded system.
To port the Root File System onto the target board easily, copy the root file system to ‘/image/’
directory.
[root@localhost test]# cp root_qtopia.cramfs /home/test/image
[root@localhost test]# cp root.cramfs /home/test/image
All the images (vivi, zImage, root.cramfs, root_qtopia.cramfs) are collected under ‘/image’ directory.
In next chapter, we will learn about how to port these images to the target board.

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4Porting Linux to the Target Board
4.1 Porting Linux to the Target Board
Now in this chapter we will learn how to write vivi (bootloader), zImage (kernel image), and
root_qtopia.cramfs to SMC(Smart Media Card) by using ‘imagewrite’ utility. This method can be used
after booting target board. So it is used for writing images to new SMC.
Transfer the images and the needed utilities to target board because all works are progressed in target
board. Transfer all the images from /image directory to target board by using ztelnet.
4.2 Minicom
We have to transfer the images using ztelnet, before that we should know how to use Minicom. In this
section we explain how to use Minicom. Ztelnet is explained later in this chapter.
Desktop Linux has Minicom program for serial communication. It is used for command prompt of vivi or
shell prompt of embedded Linux.
Set up the values before using Minicom program.
[root@localhost root]# minicom -s : Execute Minicom on setting mode.
Figure 4-1 Minicom setup
Please select ‘Serial port setup’ Push ‘A’ key for setting ‘Serial Device’, then write serial port which
is connected to target board. (If you are using COM1, write /dev/ttyS0, if COM2, write /dev/ttyS1.)

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Figure 4-2 Serial Port setup
Push ‘E’ key for setting up ‘bps/Par/Bits’. Push ‘I’ to set up ‘bps’ to 115200, Push ‘V’ to set up ‘Data
bits’ to 8, Push ‘W’ to set up ‘Stop bits’ to ‘1’, and ‘V’ to set up ‘parity’ to ‘NONE’.
Figure 4-3 Serial Port setup

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Push ‘F’ key for setting up ‘Hardware Flow Control’ to ‘NO’.
Push ‘G’ key for setting up ‘Software Flow Control’ to ‘NO’. The default value is ‘NO’.
Figure 4-4 Hardware/Software Flow Control Setup
Once setting is over, please press ‘Enter’ key. And select ‘Save setup as dfl’ item, then press ‘Enter’
for saving the values.
Figure 4-5 saving Minicom Setup
Push ‘Exit’ key, to exit from the setting mode. Currently, the set points are stored to the file
‘/etc/minirc.dfl’.

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To quit from Minicom, please press ‘Ctrl + A’ and then ‘Z’, at last push ‘Q’ key. Then Selecting ‘Yes’,
Minicom is quitted.
Figure 4-6 Exiting from Minicom

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4.3 Uploading ‘vivi’ using JTAG Cable
JTAG cable and Jflash program are required to port the images to the target board. Here we use
Windows Jflash program, which is compressed with tarball ‘sjf2410_v4’. You can download this
program from following URL.
http://www.samsung.com/Products/Semiconductor/SystemLSI/MobileSolutions/MobileASSP/MobileCo
mputing/S3C2410X/S3C2410X.htm
Unzip the ‘sjf2410_v4’ on Windows PC. This file includes ‘sjf2410_v4.pdf’ and source code for Jflash
program. Please refer to ‘sjf2410_v4.pdf’. With the help of ‘sjf2410_v4.pdf’ you can download the
vivi (bootloader) to your K9S1208 NAND Flash on Wndows PC so that you can boot the target board to
the vivi prompt, to write the kernel and Qtopia images.
After you complete downloading vivi bootloader to the SMC. Please insert the SMC on to the target
board. Connect the target board by serial cable and run the Minicom. Supply power to target board, in
that case target board is waiting inputs during the times defined by developer. If we do not input
anything or press ‘Enter’, target board begins to boot. Instead, if you input ‘Any’ key, target board
enters into vivi prompt mode. The delay time is very short, so first keep ‘Any’ key pressed and switch
on the target board, if you want to use target board console.
Figure 4-7 vivi shell prompt
Note: If you can not see the vivi> prompt, that means the vivi bootloader has not been downloaded
properly. Please try to download vivi bootloader one more time.

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4.4 Porting Images using vivi
Once vivi (bootloader) is stored in SMC (NAND flash memory), you can write vivi (bootloader), kernel
image, qtopia image etc. to SMC on prompt mode of vivi (bootloader) by xmodem of Minicom. It can
be possible only when bootloader exists in flash memory.
If ‘transfer incomplete’ message is appeared while writing images, the reason is that the timeout of
xmodem_initial is too short. In this case, you can solve the problem by increasing the timeout of
xmodem_initial. First check the value of ‘xmodem_initial_timeout’ parameter. If it is too short,
extend timeout properly.
vivi> param show
vivi> param set xmodem_initial_timeout 5000000 : “5000000” means 5 second because unit is in
microsecond.
vivi> param save
Figure 4-8 xmodem_initial_timeout settings on vivi prompt
Once you set the ‘xmodem_initial_timeout’ you can write the images.