Smithco 31-185-A Quick start guide

Spray Star 300T
Base Model 31-300-A
31-185-A w/ 18’ Boom
31-200-A w/ 20’ Boom
SN PB-301
Operators
Product Support: Hwy SS & Poplar Ave; Cameron WI 54822
1-800-891-9435 [e-mail]
Parts & Service

Introduction Service Diagrams Parts Accessories Reference
CONTENTS
Introduction..........................................1-10
Introduction ...................................................................................1-7
Introduction.................................................................................. 1
Safe Practices ............................................................................. 2
Safety Warnings .......................................................................... 3
Safe Spraying Practices .............................................................. 4
 .............................................................................. 5
Setup ........................................................................................... 6
Operation..................................................................................... 7
Service .........................................................................................8-21
Maintenance ........................................................................... 8-11
Storage ...................................................................................... 12
Spraying Introduction................................................................. 13
Turf Management ...................................................................... 14
Nozzles.................................................................................15-16
Calibration introduction.............................................................. 17
Nozzle Chart Method of Calibration......................................18-19
The “128” Method of Calibration................................................ 20
Abbreviations and Conversions................................................. 21
Diagrams......................................................................................... 23
Wiring ........................................................................................ 23
Parts ...........................................................................................24-37
Main Drawing........................................................................24-25
Control Box................................................................................ 26
Engine Drawing ......................................................................... 27
Spray Tank ...........................................................................28-29
Turbo Quad Agitator .................................................................. 30
16-998 Hypro Pump .................................................................. 31
Radion Plumbing ..................................................................32-33
Radion Wiring ............................................................................ 34
20-785 Regulating Valve............................................................ 35
15-743 Manifold Ball Valve ........................................................ 36
15-737 Flanged Strainer............................................................ 37
Accessories...............................................................................38-71
17-580 20’ HD Boom ............................................................38-42
17-585 18’ HD Boom ............................................................43-47
33-506 Standard Nozzle Drawing.............................................. 48
Hose Reel Mount Drawing......................................................... 49
31-306 Electric hose Reel ....................................................50-52
31-305 Manual Hose Reel......................................................... 53
31-304 Foam Marker ............................................................54-60
15-505 Motor Sub Assembly ..................................................... 61
14-291 Foamer Replacement PArts .....................................62-63
14-515/15-618 Water Meter Kit ................................................. 64
30-006 Fresh Water Tank .......................................................... 65
31-303 Chemical Cleanload .................................................66-69
16-620 Cleanload Replacement Parts..................................70-71
Reference........................................................................................ 72
Declaration of Incorporation ...................................................... 72
Warranty ........................................................................................

1
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
Thank you for purchasing a Smithco product.
Read this manual and all other manuals pertaining to the Spray Star 300T carefully as they contain safety,
operating, assembly and maintenance instructions. Failure to do so could result in personal injury or equip-
ment damage.
Keep manuals in a safe place after operator and maintenance personnel have read them. Right and left sides
are from the operator’s seat, facing forward.
All Smithco machines have a Serial Number and Model Number. Both numbers are needed when ordering
parts. Serial number tag is located on main frame in front of engine.

www.Smithco.com.
Information needed when ordering replacement parts:
1. Model Number of machine
2. Serial Number of machine
3. Name and Part Number of part
4. Quantity of parts
For easy access record your Serial and Model numbers here.
 
WARNING
Failure to follow cautious operating practices can re-
sult in serious injury to the operator or other persons.
The owner must understand these instructions, and
must allow only trained persons who understand these
instructions to operate this vehicle.
WARNING:
Engine exhaust and some of its constituents are
known to the State of California to cause cancer,
birth defects, and other reproductive harm.
For more information visit
www.P65Warning.ca.gov

2
Introduction
SAFE PRACTICES
1. It is your responsibility to read this manual and all publications associated with this machine.
2. Never allow anyone to operate or service the machine or its optional equipment without proper training
and instructions. Never allow minors to operate any equipment.
3. Learn the proper use of the machine, the location and purpose of all the controls and gauges before
you operate the equipment. Working with unfamiliar equipment can lead to accidents.
4. Wear all the necessary protective clothing and personal safety devises to protect your head, eyes, ears,

  
Beware of overhead obstructions and underground obstacles. Stay alert for hidden hazards.
6. Never operate equipment that is not in perfect working order or without decals, guards, shields, or other
protective devices in place.
7. Never disconnect or bypass any switch.
8. Carbon monoxide in the exhaust fumes can be fatal when inhaled, never operate a machine without
proper ventilation.
  
for expansion. DO NOT OVERFILL.
10. Keep engine clean. Allow the engine to cool before storing.
  
cause serious injury.
13. This machine demands your attention. To prevent loss of control or tipping of the vehicle:
A. Use extra caution in backing up the vehicle. Ensure area is clear.
B. Do not stop or start suddenly on any slope.
C. Reduce speed on slopes and in sharp turns. Use caution when changing directions on slopes.
D. Stay alert for holes in the terrain and other hidden hazards.
E. Before unhitching, lower jack and secure pin.
14. Before leaving operator’s position:
A. Disengage all drives.
B. Set park brake.
 󰀨
D. If engine has to run to perform any maintenance keep hands, feet, clothing and all other parts of
body away from moving parts.
15. Keep hands, feet and clothing away from moving parts. Wait for all movement to stop before you clean,
adjust or service the machine.
16. Keep the area of operation clear of all bystanders.
17. Stop engine before making repairs/adjustments or checking/adding oil to the crankcase.
18. Use parts and materials supplied by Smithco only. Do not modify any function or part.
19. Use caution when booms are down as they extend out beyond the center line of the machine.
  
THESE MACHINES ARE INTENDED FOR PROFESSIONAL MAINTENANCE ON GOLF COURSES,
SPORTS TURF, AND ANY OTHER AREA MAINTAINED TURF AND RELATED TRAILS, PATHS AND
LOTS. NO GUARANTY AS TO THE SUITABILITY FOR ANY TASK IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.

3
Introduction
SAFETY WARNINGS
Read and understand this manual and all safety signs before operating and maintaining. Review the safety
instructions and precautions annually.
TAKE NOTE! THIS SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL FOUND THROUGHOUT THIS MANUAL IS USED TO CALL
YOUR ATTENTION TO INSTRUCTIONS INVOLVING YOUR PERSONAL SAFETY AND THE SAFETY OF
OTHERS. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAN RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH.
Safety Alert Symbol
This symbol with a warning statement means:
WARNING! BE ALERT!
YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
Carefully read the message that follows
SAFETY SIGNAL WORDS
Note the use of the signal words DANGER, WARNING
and CAUTION with the safety messages. The appropriate
signal word for each has been selected using the following
guidelines:
DANGER: Red. Indicates an imminently hazardous situa-
tion that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
This signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situa-
tions typically for machine components which, for functional
purposes, cannot be guarded.
WARNING: Orange. Indicates a potentially hazardous
situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury, and includes hazards that are exposed when guards
are removed. It may also be used to alert against unsafe
practices.
CAUTION: Yellow. Indicates a potentially hazardous situ-
ation that, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate
injury. It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices.
IMPORTANT: Blue. Indicates procedures which should be followed to avoid damage to the machine.

4
Introduction
SAFE SPRAYING PRACTICES
Persons engaged in the handling, preparation or application of chemicals must follow accepted practices to
insure the safety of themselves and others,
1. WEAR protective clothing including: gloves, hat, respirator, eye protection and skin covering suitable for
protection from chemicals being used.
2. BATHE thoroughly after any exposure to chemicals, giving particular attention to eyes, nose, ears and
mouth.
3. CLEAN equipment and materials in accordance with employer, municipal and state regulations. Use
only approved areas and drains.
4. DISPOSE of chemicals and rinse solutions by approved and legal means.
5. PROVIDE methods and materials for operators to wash eyes and hands immediately during the spray-
ing process.
6. PROVIDE methods and materials for control, safe dilution and neutralization of chemical spills during
preparation, spraying, transporting and cleanup.
7. Always check and follow the directions and safety warnings of the chemicals to be used.
8. Secure the discharge lines before starting the pump. An unsecured discharge line may whip.
9. Periodically inspect the pump and the system components.
10. Check hoses for weak or worn condition before each use. Make certain that all connections are tight
and secure.
11. Do not operate unit with leaks, frayed, kinked hoses or tubing. Repair or replace immediately.
  

13. Do not operate an engine in an enclosed area. Be sure the area is well ventilated.
14. Do not use these pumps for pumping water or other liquids for human or animal consumption.
15. Do not pump ammable or explosive uids such as gasoline, fuel oil,
kerosene, etc.
Do not use in explosive atmospheres. The pump should be used only
with liquids compatible with the pump component materials.
16. Be sure all exposed moving parts are guarded and that all coupling devices are securely attached be-
fore applying power.
17. Before servicing, disconnect all power, make sure all pressure in the system is relieved, drain all liquids

18. Protect pump from freezing conditions by draining liquid and pumping rust inhibiting antifreeze solution
through the system, coating the pump interior.
19. TRANSPORT - Machine must be stopped to raise or lower booms. Because of cam system, if booms
are raised in transit they can fall forward or backward when coming to a stop or while traveling on un-
even terrain.
20. If using Simulated Speed with a Radion 8140, one needs to change back to
Ground Speed for proper rate control when spraying.
Read and understand this manual and all safety signs before operating and maintaining. Review the safety
instructions and precautions annually. Read all chemical labels and adhere to their safe handling instructions.
TAKE NOTE! THIS SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL FOUND THROUGHOUT THIS MANUAL IS USED TO CALL
YOUR ATTENTION TO INSTRUCTIONS INVOLVING YOUR PERSONAL SAFETY AND THE SAFETY OF
OTHERS. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAN RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH.

5
Introduction
SPECIFICATIONS FOR SPRAY STAR 300TW
WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
  
 
 
 
 
ENGINE
Make Briggs and Stratton
Model# 19L237
Type / Spec# 0042-F1
 
Fuel Minimum of 87 octane
Alternator 10 Amp
WHEELS & TIRE 
BATTERY Automotive type 24F - 12 volt
BCI Group Size 24
Cold Cranking Amps 575 minimum
 
 
 
 
FLUID CAPACITY
 
 
TOW VEHICLE

Heavy Duty Vehicle with 4 wheel brakes

40 Amp Charge Capacity

6
Introduction
SETUP
Battery not included.
1. Install an Automotive type 24F-12 Volt battery into the Power Box and secure with the battery hold-
down.
2. Fill the fuel tank to bottom of neck. Check engine oil.
  
4. Connect hitch to tow vehicle. Pull pin on jack and swivel to horizontal position.
5. Install Radion console and control box on tow vehicle battery. Route cables to the tow vehicle. Avoid
exhaust, heat and moving parts.
6. Attach the Spray Boom and any other Optional Equipment to the Prime Mover, in accordance with
instructions in the Spray Star 300T Parts/Service Manual. The nozzles must be the correct distance
above the turf as described in Turf Spraying Guide. The spray boom must operate properly and the
outer sections must break away safely if an object is struck by them, they must then return to normal
operation position.
7. Be sure to double check boom heights, nozzle spacing and displacement before spraying.
  
clear water. Fill tank with water and re-tighten the four bolts used to hold the tank in place.
9. 
10. Read operating instructions before starting.
Never allow pump to run dry! The valve on the suction side of the pump (be-
tween the pump and tank) must be fully open whenever the pump is operated.
WHEEL MOUNTING PROCEDURE
  󰀨
  󰀨
2. Block one of the other wheels.
3. Loosen nuts slightly on wheel to be removed.
  󰀨
5. Remove nuts, remove wheel.
6. Place new wheel on hub lining up bolt holes.
  
200 hours thereafter.
TIRE PRESSURE


HILLSIDE OPERATION
Do NOT stop or start suddenly on any slope. Be especially cautious when changing direction. Do NOT oper-
ate on slopes greater than 10°.
TOWING



7
Service
OPERATION
Before operating the Spray Star 300T, become familiar with all controls and functions. Also complete all main-
tenance requirements and read all safety warnings. Knowing the Spray Star 30T0 thoroughly, how it operates,
and by doing the prescribed maintenance steps, you can expect trouble free operation for years to come.
SAFETY
Safety needs to always be the concern of the operator on a moving vehicle or any machine with moving parts.
1. Keep all shields and guards in place.
2. Keep the parking brake engaged any time the operator is away from the vehicle or whenever service is
performed.
3. Always wear the necessary protective clothing and equipment.
  󰀨
DAILY CHECKLIST
1. Check the engine oil level. Add as needed. DO NOT OVERFILL. Refer to engine owner's manual for oil
grade and procedure.
  
3. Inspect the electrical system and battery cables for loose connections or frayed wiring. Replace any
faulty equipment or tighten if loose.
4. Check hardware for loose or missing nuts, bolts, screws, etc., And tighten or replace as needed.
STARTING THE ENGINE
1. Check the engine oil. Check the fuel level.
2. Move the fuel lever to the on or start position.
3. Move the throttle control to the fast position. Operate
the engine in the fast position.
4. Move the choke control to the closed position. Choke
is unnecessary when restarting warm engines.
5. Move the stop switch to the on position.
6. Rewind Start: Firmly hold the starter cord, pull the
starter cord handle slowly until resistance is felt ,then
pull rapidly.
7. Electric Start: Turn the electric start switch to the on
or start position. To extend the life of the starter use

minute between starting cycles.
8. As the engine warms up, move the choke control to the open position.
STOPPING THE ENGINE
1. Disengage spray pump.
2. Stop Switch: Move the stop switch to the stop position.
  󰀨
4. Electric Start: Remove the key. Keep the key out of reach of children
Never leave the vehicle unattended with the engine running. Always bring the
vehicle to a complete stop, engage park brake, turn key o󰀨 and remove key.

8
Service
MAINTENANCE
ENGINE


oils. Do not mix oil with gasoline.
SAE VISCOSITY GRADES
Starting Temperature Range Anticipated Before Next Oil Change
Outdoor temperatures deteremine the correct oil viscosity for the engine. Use the chart to select the best oil
for outdoor temperature range expected. Engiens on most poutdoor power equipment operate well with 5W-
30 synthetic oil. For equipment operated in hot temperatures 15W-30 synthetic oil gives the best protection.
DAILY CHECKLIST
1. Check engine oil level in tow vehicle. Add as needed. DO NOT OVERFILL.
2. Check Spray Star 300T for loose or missing nuts, bolts, screws, etc., and tighten or replace as needed..
3. Check that boom is in good condition.
  
  
6. Check electrical system for loose connections or frayed wiring, including battery cables. Replace any
faulty equipment or tighten if loose.
7. Fill spray tank.
SERVICE INTERVALS
After First 5 hours:
Check engine oil.
After First 8 hours or daily
Check engine oil.
  󰀪
Clean air intake grille.
After 25 hours:
  
Clean pre-cleaner.
After 50 hours:
  
  
Change engine oil.
Service exhaust system.
SAE 30
10W-30 SW-30 5W-30
Synthetic 15W-30

9
Service
MAINTENANCE
BATTERY

any ignited object to come near the battery. When charging or working near battery, always shield your eyes
and always provide proper ventilation.
Battery cable should be disconnected before using “Fast Charge”.
Charge battery at 15 amps for 10 minutes or 7 amps for 30 minutes. Do not exceed the recommended
charging rate. If electrolyte starts boiling over, decrease charging.

1. Filling batteries in well-ventilated areas.
2. Wear eye protection and rubber gloves.
3. Avoid breathing fumes when electrolyte is added.
4. Avoid spilling or dripping electrolyte.
Battery Electrolyte is an acidic solution and should be handled with care. If
electrolyte is splashed on any part of your body, ush all contact areas imme-
diately with liberal amounts of water. Get medical attention immediately.
JUMP STARTING
Use of booster battery and jumper cables. Particular care should be used
when connecting a booster battery. Use proper polarity in order to prevent
sparks.

1. Shield eyes.
  

  

  

To prevent damage to other electrical components on unit
being started, make certain that engine is at idle speed before
disconnecting jumper cables.

10
Service
TANK AGITATION
Before using the Spray Star, the operator and spray technician must familiarize themselves with all of the information on
chemical spraying contained in the Turf Spray Guide.
All testing and calibrating of sprayers is to be done with water, not chemicals. This insures the safety to all involved in
performing the calibration operation. Only after all calibration procedures are completed should chemical be added to the
sprayer.
SPRAYER VALVE SETTINGS AND SPRAY TANK AGITATION
The 3-way valve on the suction side of the pump, between the tank and the pump must be open before pump

There is one control valve on the discharge side of the spray system. This valve controls the agitator. This
valve may be opened as much as necessary to provide hydraulic agitation through the quadrajet agitator in


to close the valve in the agitator line in order to prevent loss of suction
prime.

valve on the discharge system to supply material to the hose reel. The
Quadrajet agitation system operates with four venturi jets in the tank
bottom.
AGITATION LINE STRAINER CLEANING

catches impurities that go to the turbo-jet agitation system in the spray
tank. It has a quick disconnect pin on it to remove the bowl. After EV-
ERY use, remove bowl and clean screen. Replace screen as needed.
We recommend a 50 Mesh screen.

11
Service
SPRAYER CLEANING
One of the most common causes for faulty-pump performance is corrosion inside the pump. Flush the pump and
entire system with a solution that will chemically neutralize the liquid pumped. Mix according to manufacturer’s
directions. This will dissolve most residue remaining in the pump, leaving the inside of the pump clean for the next
use.
TO PREVENT CORROSION

containing a rust inhibitor. Use a 50% solution that is, half antifreeze and half water. Then coat the interior of the
pump with a substance which will prevent corrosion such as Fluid Film or WD40. If unit will not be used for an ex-
tended period of time, disconnect hoses into and out of the pump, seal openings to the pump with caps or tape.

All chemicals and chemical residue must be removed after each use. Dispose of
uids and residue according to all federal, state and local regulations.
SPRAYER CLEANING
Empty tank and clean unit thoroughly after each use following these instructions:
  󰀨
2. Fill tank ten percent full with clean water, Turn 3-way valve on and start pump and discharge water through

  󰀨
4. Rinse exterior of sprayer thoroughly with clean water.
  -
ging particles back to the spray tank. There is a gap between the tapered inner cylinder and the screen face


AGITATION LINE STRAINER CLEANING

impurities that go to the turbo-jet agitation system in the spray tank. It has a
quick disconnect pin on it to remove the bowl. After EVERY use, remove bowl
and clean screen. Replace screen as needed. We recommend a 50 Mesh
screen.

12
Service
STORAGE
1. Before storing clean machine thoroughly.
2. Check bolts and nuts, tighten as necessary.
3. Make all repairs that are needed and remove any debris.
4. Store in a clean and dry area.
5. Disconnect control cord on Radion computer to prevent unintended deployment.
6. Clean and dry remote Control Box
7. Store the remote Control Box when not in use on the machine.
8 Store Radion console in tool box on right side of machine.
9. Protect pump from freezing conditions by draining liquid and pumping rust inhibiting antifreeze solution
through the system, coating the pump interior.

13
Service
SPRAYING INTRODUCTION
󰀨
grass such as golf courses, park land, school grounds and lawns. SMITHCO makes no representation as to
the suitability of any technique or product for any particular situation. This section is suitable for self-propelled
spray vehicles or sprayers mounted onto vehicles.
󰀨󰀩
It may be done by means of:
• A dedicated spray vehicle
• A sprayer mounted upon a utility vehicle
Sprayers are typically equipped with wide spray booms. They are divided into three sections, with hinges that
permit the long outer sections to automatically move out of the way and reset if an obstacle such as a tree or
fence is in you path.
To minimize the chance for missed areas or double application use a device to mark the outside boundaries
of each spray swath. Foam markers and dye markers are advisable.
SPRAY OPERATION (After Proper Setup and Calibration)
1. Add
1/2
2. Start engine, set engine speed below 2000 RPM, and engage pump after taking all previously described
safety and operation precautions.
3. Open agitator valve.
  
a. Liquids may be poured directly into tank.
b. Wettable powder chemicals must be pre-mixed with water in a container to form a slurry. The mixture

 
through the basket.

  -

5. Transport to sprayer site with and agitator operating.
6. Set Engine speed between 2000-3200 RPM.
  
8. Obtain desired spraying speed before activating spray with switches on spray control console.
9. 
󰀨For the Radion
System the Master Switch on the computer must be o󰀨 for the master boom control switch to work.
Review the capacity of nozzles being used. Total capacity of all nozzles plus agitation system must not exceed
pumping system capabilities refer to Spraying Procedure section of this manual. FLUSH PUMP AFTER USE
Shut-O󰀨 20GPM 40GPM 60GPM 80GPM 100GPM
120psi 100psi 80psi 60psi 30psi 10psi
100psi 95psi 76psi 52psi 26psi 5psi
80psi 75psi 62psi 45psi 21psi -
60psi 55psi 40psi 25psi 5psi -
To determine the correct performance data for your application, rst shut o all ow on discharge side of pump and deter-
mine the shut-o pressure at the pump. Use this Shut-O pressure to determine which line of data applies.

14
Service
TURF MANAGEMENT
Turf management chemicals are made for four general purposes:
1. Fungicides: Prevent or cure fungus on turf grass. They are made in 2 general types:
• Systemic - Chemicals enter the plant system and protect or cure it of, fungus.
• Contact - Kills fungus with which it comes into contact.
2. Insecticides: 
3. Herbicides: Control and eliminate undesirable weeds and grass from turf areas and non-turf areas
such as bunkers, trails, fences, etc.
4. Nutrients & Fertilizer: Promote growth, beauty and color in turf grass.
Some materials have to be applied so that they get into the soil below the plant leaves, This is called "soil
application". In order to do this, they are best applied with a large volume of water. They are often then wa-
tered-in using the irrigation system. This type of chemical material includes systemic chemicals and chemicals
designed to destroy pests which live in the thatch and the soil.
Other materials must be applied to reach a problem that is present on the plant leaves. This is called “Foliar
Application” and requires a lower volume of water. Instead of irrigation water, these materials are further acti-
vated by dry air and sunshine. They include contact fungicide and many herbicides.
The user of sprayers and chemicals must follow the directions provided with the spray material. It is the only
󰀨
to be applied to the area to be sprayed.

grass management.
 target-directed. It sprays material in a direct line downwards to the target turf grass.

of sizes for any required discharge volume rate. They are the best for many contact or foliar applied


• The second type useful in turf management are broadcast type nozzles. They are commonly referred

which fall quickly to the turf under their own weight. They are best for systemic pesticides or any mate-
rial requiring a large volume of water for soil application. The larger droplets are not as subject to drift
from wind and are a safer, more environmentally friendly choice in many situations.

15
Service
NOZZLES
NOZZLE SCREENS (STRAINERS)
Smaller nozzles require nozzle screens or strainers to prevent clogging.
• Teejet type nozzles size 8001 and 80015 require 100 mesh screens.
• Teejet type nozzles from size 8002 through 8008 require 50 mesh screens.
• Turbo TurfJet Nozzles Size 1/4 TTJ02-VS and larger do not require strainers.
• Turbo Floodjet Nozzles TF-VS2 through TF-VS3 require 50 mesh screens.
• Turbo Floodjet Nozzles TF-VS4 and larger do not require screens.
SPACING


of area to be sprayed.



BOOM HEIGHT
Height is very important in permitting spray nozzles to develop
their proper spray pattern. If nozzles are too high, excessive
overlap develops. If nozzles are too low, there is not enough overlapping of nozzle spray patterns.
NOZZLE NOZZLE HEIGHT ABOVE
TYPE SPACING THE GROUND
80° Flat Fan 20" (51 cm) 18" (45 cm)
65° Flat Fan 20" (51 cm) 12" (30 cm)
Turbo TurfJet 20" (51 cm) 15" (38 cm)
Turbo TurfJet 40" (101 cm) 19" (48 cm)
Turbo Floodjet 20" (51 cm) 16" (41 cm)
Turbo Floodjet 40" (100 cm) 18" (45 cm)
Improper nozzle height or spacing prevents proper application of chemical. Some areas are under treated and
󰀨
Operating your sprayer at a desired speed and pressure on a hard, dry surface is a good method of checking
spraying consistency. Observe nozzles in operation, observe if the area dries evenly. If there are alternating
wet and dry streaks, raise or lower the spray boom. If the wet streaks are directly under the nozzle, the boom
is too low. If the wet streaks are between the nozzles, the boom is too high.
NOZZLE NOMENCLATURE

16
Service
NOZZLES
Always be alert to the possibility of a plugged or damaged nozzles. Serious misapplications may result. Check
nozzle output periodically.
󰀨
Snap-on caps make replacing and cleaning nozzles, quick, easy and fool proof with proper re-installation.
An operator can see at a glance if all nozzles are the same size by the color code.
3 FUNCTIONS FOR A SPRAY BOOM NOZZLE
  -



  


  -
1/2times as much as the smaller nozzle in this
example.
  󰀨
2. The nozzle on a sprayer is to form the liquid into droplets. The size of the droplet is determined by two

Particular applications are done best by big droplets such as systemic fungicides, insecticides and
some herbicides in order to reduce drift. Other applications require small droplets like contact fungicides
and some herbicides. Again, this is determined by whether the chemical is foliar applied or soil applied.
Large droplets for soil applied material, small droplets for foliar applied materials that evenly cover the
plant better.
  󰀨
subject to drift. The general rule on pressure is to use the lowest pressure possible with just enough to
form adequate spray nozzle patterns.
  
covered by the boom.
The pattern of liquid dispersed by the hollow-cone is more
even across its width. Each nozzle overlaps the adjoining
nozzle by 100%. That is to say the area covered by each
nozzle extends to the center of the two nozzles on either
side.
  

󰀨
with the next nozzle-approximately 1/3.
In order to properly develop their spray pattern, each
nozzle must be the proper distance from the next nozzle


17
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CALIBRATION INTRODUCTION
Calibrating simply means to adjust a set of variables on the sprayer in order to deliver the desired amount of
chemical to a known area of turf.
The job of calibrating the sprayer consists of balancing these variables so that your sprayer delivers the de-
sired application rate. That is, an amount of chemical on a given area. It is expressed as:
Gallons Per Acre (gpa) 
or Gallons Per 1,000 Square Feet (gpt)
or Liters Per Hectare (lph) 
A number of acceptable methods for calibrating a turf sprayer are widely available. The calibration method

-
ment. The variables are:
PRESSURE
Just as pressure increases the volume discharge rate, it also increases the application rate. Pressure must

󰀨

sprayer.
NOZZLE CAPACITY (VOLUME)
󰀨-
cordingly. We now have to choose a size which will provide the correct application rate.
Sizes are available for all requirements. Consult the nozzle chart in this manual for your nozzle type in order
to select the correct size.
TRAVEL SPEED
-
priate for the area to be sprayed.
󰀨
󰀨-
cation rate. If the vehicle does not have an accurate speedometer, correct speed must be determined by tim-

Conversions”.
To calibrate a sprayer, the user must:
1. Understand the Variables
2. Set those variables using one of the proven methods available.
3. Make 
4. Determine the output.
5. Make adjustments to the 3 variables until the output is at the desired level.
This covers the principles of what must be known to prepare a sprayer for operation.
There are other acceptable and proven methods of calibrating a turf sprayer
for application. Other techniques may be more suitable depending on opera-
tional needs and technical competence of the operator.

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THE NOZZLE CHART METHOD OF CALIBRATION
The Nozzle Chart Method is useful when the sprayer nozzles are new or nearly new. It is also the most use-
ful method to employ when the sprayer is equipped with an Electronic Spray Control System. The Electronic
Spray Control System does most of the calibration work, it is up to the operator to select the proper combina-
tion of nozzle size and ground speed which will deliver the desired application rate.
The nozzle chart method requires the use of the appropriate nozzle charts which are found in the back of this
manual. Nozzle charts for other nozzles are available from the manufacturer.
CALIBRATION STEPS
1. Determine “HOW” your sprayer is to be calibrated from the list of variables below.
a. Nozzle Type
b. Spacing
c. Expression of Application Rate
The answers to these three questions will direct you to the appropriate nozzle chart for your application.
The correct nozzle chart MUST be used.
2. Determine the Desired Application Rate.
This is determined from the information on chemical labels or other technical information available from
a variety of sources.
3. Determine an Acceptable Ground Speed.
Conditions over which the sprayer will operate generally dictate the appropriate ground speed. Within
󰀩
increases operator safety and contributes to more precise application of chemicals. For example, golf
greens and tees and hill areas would generally be sprayed in the range of 21/2to 31/2
Larger, open and more level areas such as golf fairways and park or school grounds would be sprayed
at 41/2
The vehicle which carries or tows the sprayer should be equipped with a precise low-speed speedom-
eter. If it is not, exact ground speed at a given engine speed must be determined by timing the travel of
the sprayer over a measured distance.
4. Determine Nozzle Size.
You will note from the chart, that application rates from any given nozzle decrease as the ground speed
increases. In other words, the faster you drive, the less material you are applying.
Application rates are shown in the columns to the right of the charts. Once the desired application rate
is decided upon, it should be located, as nearly as possible in one of these columns on the appropriate
chart for your operation. It could well be that the approximate rate desired would be obtained from the
nozzles already installed in the boom. If this is not possible, then nozzles will need to be changed.
When selecting a new nozzle size the Discharge Rate (gpm or lpm) multiplied
by the number of nozzles should not exceed 75% of the actual discharge
volume of the sprayer pump. [i.e., if you need to use nozzles which discharge
0.8 gpm (3.0 lpm), and the spray boom is equipped with 12 nozzles, the spray-
er pump would have to produce an actual discharge volume of 13 gpm (49 lpm) in order to
properly supply these nozzles.] If the collective volume of the spray boom nozzles exceeds
the actual discharge volume of the pump, inadequate pressure and poor nozzle distribution
patterns may result.
Once nozzle type and size have been determined, those nozzles are installed in the sprayer boom.
Nozzles should be expected to be replaced after 15-20 hours of actual sprayer operation. After nozzles
are installed, make trial application of water over a known area to check application rate.