Tektronix 7854 User manual

7854
OSCILLOSCOPE
With Waveform Calculator
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7854
Oscilloscope
O pe r ato rs
Manual
Wi t h W ave f o r m Ca l c u l
ato
r
Te
k t r
on
ix, Inc .

Se r ial Numb e r
Ρ . Ο .
Box 500
Beaverton
, OR 97077
070-2873-00

F irst P rinti ng
J A N 1980
Prod u ct G r ou p 42

R evise dAU
G 1986

Copyrig h t` 1980 Te k tronix, Inc . All rig h ts reserved .
Contents of t
h
is pub lication may not be re p ro duced in any
form wit hou t t he written
permissio n of Te k tronix, Inc .
Products of Te
k
tronix, Inc . and its su b si d iaries are covered
by U .S . and
foreign p
atents and/or pending p ate n ts .
T EK TR O N IX,
ΤΕΚ , SCO PE-M O B I LE, and
` J rD 4 are
registered trademark
s of Tek tro n ix, Inc . T ELE Q U I PMEN T
is
α registered
trademar k of Te k tro n ix U . K . L imited .
Pri n te d in
U .S .A
.
Specification and price ch ange priviledges
are reserved .
I N ST RUMENT S ER IA L
NUMBER S
Eac h instr u ment has α serial nu
mbe r on αpan el insert, tag,
or stam p ed on t he ch assis . T h
e
first
num b er o r letter
designates t he country of man u facture
. T he last five d igits
of t he serial number are assig ned seq
uentially and are
un i q ue to eac h instrume n t . T h
ose manufactu r ed in t he
U
nited
states have six uni que digits
. T he co u nt r y of
manufacture is i d entifie d as follows :
ΒΟΟΟΟΟΟ

Tek tronix, I nc ., B eaverton,
Oregon, U SA
100000

Tek tronix Guernsey, L td ., C h
annel Islan d s
200000

Tek tro n ix Unite d K ingdom, L
td ., L ondon
300000

Sony/Te k tronix,
J apan
700000

Te k tr o n ix Holla nd , NV, Heerenveen,
T h e Neth erlands

TABLE OF CONTENTS
7854 Operators
Page
OPERATORS
SAFETY SUMMARY .......................................... xii
MANUAL COLORS
......................................................... xiv
SECTION
1-INTRODUCTION
7854
FEATURES ..................................................... 1-1
INSTALLATION ........................................................... 1-2
OPERATING POWER INFORMATION . . . ................................ 1-2
OPERATING VOLTAGE .............................................. 1-2
POWER
CORD INFORMATION ...................................... 1-2
MEMORY BACK-UP POWER ........................................ 1-5
OPERATING TEMPERATURE ........................................... 1-5
INSTALLING PLUG-IN
UNITS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................
1-5
CONNECTING THE
WAVEFORM CALCULATOR .................... 1-6
GENERAL PURPOSE INTERFACE BUS
(GPIB) . .........................
1-6
POWER-UP CONDITIONS . . . . . . . ......................................
1-7
PRESETCONDITIONS ............................................... 1-8
OPERATING POSITION
......... . ..... . ................................ 1-8
GLOSSARY OF
TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... 1-9
SECTION 2-SPECIFICATION
7854 MAINFRAME AND WAVEFORM CALCULATOR SPECIFICATIONS ..... 2-1
PACKAGING AND ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................... 2-19
PACKAGING FOR SHIPMENT ........... . . . . . . . . . . ................. 2-19
STANDARD
ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . ................ 2-19
7000-SERIES
OSCILLOSCOPE SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS ................ 2-20
SECTION
3-GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION
DISPLAY
GRATICULE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. 3-1
LIGHT FILTER . . ... .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3-1
CAREOF CRT SCREEN ............................
. . . . . . . . . .
. ........ 3-2
CONTROL ILLUMINATION ..... . ... ...... .. . ... ... ... .................. 3-2
READOUT INTENSITY ........................... . . . . ... ... ... ......... 3-2
DISPLAY FOCUS . . . . . . . . ................. . ... ... ... ... ............... 3-2
ASTIGMATISM-FOCUS
ADJUSTMENT ............... . . . . . . . . ..... 3-3
HORIZONTALTRACE ALIGNMENT ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3-3
CALIBRATOR OUTPUT .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3-4
SIGNAL OUTPUTS . ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3-4
+ SAWTOOTH OUT . .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3-4
+ GATE OUT ..........................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5
SIGNAL OUT . ............................................
. ......
. . . 3-5
DISPLAY PHOTOGRAPHY ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

7854 O p e
r
ato
rs
TA BLE O F
CO
NT
EN TS (CO N T)
P age
S E CTIO N 4-SCO PE DIS PL AY MOD E I NFO
RM ATIO N
O B TAI N I NG ΑSCO PE DIS PL AY .................................... 4-1
Α A ND Β I NT EN SITY CON TR
O
L S ............................ ........
4-2
Z-AXIS M OD U LATIO N ........................................
. . . . . . . . 4-2
U SI NG THE BE A MF I N D ER ................................. . . . . . . . . . 4-3
REAL-TIME RE ADO U T DIS P LAY
......................... . . . . . . . . . . . ... 4-3
RE
ADO U T ID EN TI F Y ........................................... . .
. . . 4-4
RE
ADO U
T
ACC E SS PLUG-IN UN IT ...................... . . . . . .......
4-5
VER TICA L AND HO RIZO NTA L M OD E COMB I N ATIO N S . . . . . . . . .........
4-5
VER TICA L M
OD
ES
........................................... ... . . . . 4-5
Alte rn ate M o d e ......................................... ... .
. . . ... 4-5
C h opp e d M ode . .................................. ... ...
. ......... 4-7
Alge br aic A dd itio n ....................................
. . . . . ....... 4-7
HO RIZO NTA L MOD E S .......................
. . . . . . . ................ 4-8
Alte rn ate M o de ..................................
. ... ... .......... 4-8
C hopped M ode . . . . . . . . ................. . . . . . . . . . . .
............... 4-9
VER
TICA L T R AC E S EP
A
R ATIO N . . . . . ...... ... ... ... ................... 4-9
I NTEN SITY CO NTR AST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....................
4-9
T R
IGG
ER
SO UR CE . . . ..... . ................. . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 4-9
REAL-TIME FUN CTIO
N
S C
HE CK O UT PR OC E DURE S ....................... 4-10
T E ST E Q
U
I PMEN T REQU I RE D
.. ... ... ............................. . 4-10
PREL I M I NA R Y SETUP . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. ..............................
4-11
DIS PL AY F OC US CHEC K OU T . . . . . . . ............................. 4-12
T R AC E A LIG NMEN TCHECKO
U
T . . . ............................. 4-12
G R ATIC ULE I LLUM I NATION CHECKOUT ......................... 4-12
CO N T R O L I LLUM I N ATIO NAND T R AC E I N T EN SITY
C
HE
C K O UT
.....................................................
4-12
VER TICA L D EFLE
CTIO N CHECKOUT .............................
4-13
H O R IZO N TA L D EFLE
CTION CHECKO U T .........................
4-14
T R IGG ER I NG CHEC K OU T ........................................ 4-15
RE ADO U T CHECKOUT ........................................... 4-15
BE AMF I N DER C HE C K O UT ....................................... 4-16
CA L I BR ATO R CHECKOUT ........................................ 4-16
Z-AXIS I NPU T C HEC K O U T ....................................... 4-16
SIG NA L O U T C HEC K O U T ........................................ 4-17
+ SA W TOOT HO U T CHEC K O UT ........................... . . . . . . . 4-17
+
GAT
E
O U T C HE CKO U T ................................. . . . . . . . 4-17
SI N G LE S WEEP RES E T CHE C K O U T ................... . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
S E CTIO N 5- U SI N G THE ME ASUREMEN T KEY B OA R D
W A VEF O RM STO R AG E CO N SID ERATIO N S ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......
5-1
CO MM A ND BUFFER . .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. . ....... 5-3
ERR O R AND W
ARN
I NG I N DICATIO N S ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..........
5-3
ERR O RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................
5-3
W A RN I NGS . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................... 5-3

TA BLE O F CO NT ENTS (CO N T)
7854 Operato r s
P age
WA VEF O RM ACQ U ISITIO NE X ER CIS E S ................................ 5-4
ACQ U I R I NG Α REPE TITI VE W AVEFO RM ..... .  .................
5-4
S E TTI N G THE G R O UN D REFEREN C E (IN THE
BOTH M OD E ) . .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................
5-7
A VER AGIN G Α W AVEF O RM . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................
5-10
STO PP I NG ACQUISITION . . . . .................................... 5-11
ACQ U I R I NG Α SI NG LE-S
WEEP
W
AVEF
O
RM .......  . 
5-12
STO RE D C HA R ACT ER DIS PL AY ...................................... 5-14
O PER ATIO N A L W A VEF O RM STATU S
...............................
5-15
C URSO R STATU S ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................. 5-15
STAC KA N D PR OC
E
SSO
R STAT
US . . .............................. 5-15
NUMER IC DIS PL AYS .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .................... 5-15
CUR SO
RSE X ER CISE . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...............
5-17
P OSITIO N I NG THE CUR SO R S . . . . . ..... . .....  .................
5-17
W A VEF O RM P
A R A ME T ER ME
AS
UREMEN
TS . ........................ 5-22
M A K I NG A MPL IT U D E-P A R A ME TER MEAS UREMEN TS . ........
.5-22
M A K I NG TIME-PARAMETER ME AS UREMEN TS .................. 5-27
M easur i n g α Pu lse ...... . . . . . . . . . . ..............................
5-29
M easu r ing α Pu lse T r ai n . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........................
5-31
BOTH DIS PL AY M OD E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....................
5-34
S ELECTI NG THE BOTH DIS
PL
AY
M
OD
E . . . . . 
.
5-34
SE CTIO N 6- U SI N G THE W A VEF O RM CA L CUL ATO R
STO RE D DIS PL AY M OD E I NF O RM ATIO N . . . ..... . ......................... 6-1
M AT HEM ATICA L CA LC UL ATIO N S .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. 6-1
O
BTAI N I NG Α STO RED DIS PL AY W IT HO U T W AVEF OR M S 
6-1
THE STACK ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................... 6-2
NUMER
IC
EN TR Y . . . . . . ... . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .............
6-3
KE YI N G IN NUMBER S . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................
6-5
ENTER I NG NE GATI
VE
NUMBER S . . . . . . . . . . .................  ...
6-6
C LE
A R I NG
THE
ΧREGISTER  .  ,...  6-6
PERF O RM I NG T W O-OPER
A ND FUN CTIO NS
W
IT H
CO N STA
NTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................
6-7
PERF O RM
I
NG CH
AI N
CA
L
CUL
ATIO NS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 6-8
KE YI N G IN E X P O NEN TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 
6-11
U SI N G THESTAC K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........
6-12
REV I EW I N G STAC K CO NTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............
6-12
E
XC
H A N
GI
N G ΧAND Υ _  _  ,
6-13
C LE AR
I NG THE STAC K
.......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6-13
U SI N G THE EN T ER CO MM A N D  ,
6-13
O B S ERV I NG STAC K O PER ATIO N W IT H SI NG LE -O PERAND
FUN CTIO N S
. ........................................ . . . . . . . . ... 6-15
U SI NG THE CO N
STAN T REGIST ER
S ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6-17
STO R I NG Α CO N STA N T  . 
6-17
RE T R I EV I NG Α CO N STA NT  . .  , .
6-17

7854 O p e r ato r s
iv
TA BLE O F CO N T EN TS (CO N T)
P age
W A VEF O RM PR OC E SSI N G .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 6-18
W A VEF O RM MEM O R I ES A ND RESO LU
TIO N . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 6-18
W A VEF O RM ACQ U ISITIO N A N D DATA STO
R
AG
E . . . . . . . . . . .......... 6-20
O B S ERV I NG THE W AVEFO RM MEM OR I E S AT P O WER-UP . . . . .
6-21
SETTI NG THE GR O UN D REFEREN C
E .................. . . . . . . . . . 6-23
ACQ U I R I N G T W O W A VEFO RMS ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
6-24
CO P YI N G STO RE D W
A VEF
O
RM S ......................... . . . . . . 6-26
A VER
AGI
NG Α
W A VEF
O
RM ............................... . . . . . . 6-28
O B S ERV I NG EFFE CTS O F Α >
Ρ
/
W ..................... . . . . . . . . . 6-29
RE CA LL I NG AN
D S ETTI NG THE V A LUE O F ΑPOINT . . . . . . . . . . 6-32
DIS
PL AYI N G THE RE ADO U T S E TTI NG .................... . . . . . . 6-35
CO
MPU T E D W A VEF O RM SCA L I NG, O VERFL O W, A N D UND ERFL O W . . 6-36
W AVEF O RM S AS A R IT HME TIC O PER
A N
DS .......................... 6-36
O BS ERV I NG W AVEFO RM S W IT H ONE-OPERAND
A R IT HME TIC FUN CTIO NS . .....................................
6-37
O
BS ERV I NG W AVEFO RM S W IT H TWO_ OPERAND
A
R IT HME TIC FUN CTIO N S ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 6-41
STO RE D W A VEF O RM DIS
PL AY ...................................... 6-45
DIS PL AYI N G STORED W A VEFO RM S AS DOTS
O R VE CTO R S .................................................. 6-45
DIS PL AYI N G S EVERA L STO RE D W AVEF O RM S .................
6-47
C LE AR I NG STO RE D W AVEF O
RM
S
FR
O
M
THE
DIS PL AY ....... 6-50
DIS PL AYI N G STO RED
W A VEFO RM S IN THE Χ - Υ MOD E ....... 6-51
DIS PL AYI N G STO RED
W A VEF
O
RM SIN
THE
Υ - Τ M OD E ....... 6-54
C URSO
RS
..................... . . . . .....
. ............................ 6-55
P OSITIO N I NG THE C URSO RS ................................... 6-55
RE CA LL I N G C URSO R COO R DI N AT E S ........................... 6-62
W A VEF O RM SCA L I NG, E X P A N SIO N , A
N D P OSITIONI N
G . ............. 6-63
S E TTI N G THE SCA LE F ACTO RS ................................. 6-63
RE CA LL I N G THE SCA
LE F
ACTO
RS
..............................
6-66
E X P
AN DI NG
THESTO
RE D W A VEFO RM . . . . . . ................... 6-67
V e r tical
Expa n
sio
n
........... . . . . ..
. . . . . . . . . . ................... 6-67
H o
r izo n tal Expan sio n . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . ................ 6-68
P
OSITIO
N I NG THE STO RE D W AVEF O RM . ...................... 6-72
V e r tical P ositio n i ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 6-72
H o r izontal P ositio n i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-75
W A VEF O RM FUN CTIO N S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . 6-83
DI FFEREN TIATI N GΑ W AVEF O RM . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 6-83
I NT E G R ATI N GΑ W AVEF O RM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6-84
S M OOT H I NG THE W AVEF O RM ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . 6-85
RECA LL I NG A ND S ETTI NG ANO R DI NAT E
VA
LUE ....... . . . . . . 6-86
I NT ERP O LATI N GON THE W
AVEF
O
RM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-88
PR OG RA MM I N G . .... . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-94
PR OG R A MMEM O RY . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . 6-94
PR OG R A MM OD
E S
. . . . . . . . . . ........ . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .
. . . 6-95

TA BLE O F CO
N T EN
TS (CO
N T)
7854 Ope
r
ato
r
s
P age
THE
EN T R Y A N D E DIT DIS PL AYS ..................................
6-95
THE EN T R Y M OD E ............................................... . 6-96
THE E DIT M OD E ..................................................
6-97
THE EX E C U T E M OD E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . .......................
6-97
AN
I N T R OD U CTO R Y PR OG R A M ...................................... 6-98
EN
T ER I N G THE PR OG R A M . . . ...................................
6-99
E X E C U TI N G THE PROGRAM . . . . . . . . ............................
6-104
C LE A R I N G THE PR OG R A M . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . ................... 6-105
PR OG R A MMM
I
N G
T E C HN IQ UE S . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .6-106
FL O W
C H A R TS
. . . . . . . ..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 6-106
D EF I NE
PR
OG
R A M BE GI NN I N G ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-110
PR
OG
R A M I N ITIA L IZATIO N ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-110
THE PR OG R A M B ODY ..........................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6-110
U
ncon d itio n al Branch i ng . .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . .6-110
L oo p i n g .......................................................
.6-111
Co nd itional B ranc h ing ................................. . . . . . . . .
.6-111
S ub ro u ti nes ...................................................
.6-111
D EF I N E PR OG
R A M EN DI N G ..................................... .6-111
WR ITI N G Α PR OG R A M ............................................
.6-112
C RE ATI N G Α PUL S E-ME AS UR
I
N G
PR
OG
R A M ................. 6-113
EN T ER I N G THE
PUL
S
E-ME AS UR I N G PROGRAM ............... 6-114
EX E C U TI N G Α PR OG
R A M ......................................... .6-117
STA R TI N G THE PUL S
E-ME
AS UR
I N G PR OG R A M ............... 6-117
RUNN I N G THE PUL S
E-ME AS
UR
I N G PR OG R A M .............. .6-118
ST EPP I N G T HR O U
G
H
THE PUL S E-ME AS UR I N G
PR OG R
A M .................... . .............................. .6-120
E DITIN GΑ
PR OG R A M
..............................................
6-121
A L T ER I N G THE PUL S E-ME AS UR I N G PR OG R A M ...............
6-121
U SI
N
G
SUBR O UTI NE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 6-125
PR OG R A M INTERRUPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . ................
6-132
U SI N G

THE

STO RE D

STOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . ..
. .... 6-132
P A U SI N G TO V I EW PR OG
R A M RE S UL TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-133
THE DI RE CT STO
P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .6-134
PR OG R A M E XA MPLE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......
.6-135
PER C EN TO F O
VER
S
H
OOT
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . ... . . . . . . . . ... .6-135
PR O P AGATIO
N D EL AY .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-136
CO NV O LU
TIO N
O
F W A VEF O RM S . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . 6-136
SI
NE O F WA VEF O RM S ................................... . . . . . . . . 6-137
S E CTIO N 7-G P I B I NF O RM ATIO N
D E SC R I P TIO N . . . . . . . . . . . ....................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 7-1
G P I B FUN CTIO N S ...............................
. . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . ... 7-2
ADD RE SS S ELE CTIO N ................................
. . . . . . . . ...... . . 7-3
P O WER-UP A N D RE S E T
STAT E S .............................. . . . . . . . 7-4
P O WER-UP
STAT E ..............................................
. . . . 7-4

7854 O p er ato r s
V i
TA BLE OF
CO
N T EN
TS (CO N T)
P age
RESET STAT ES ...................................................
. . 7-4
Device Clea r .................................................... .
7-4
Inte r face Clea r .................................................. .
7-4
Stop Key ..................................................... ... .
7-4
MESSAGES ..........................................................
. . 7-5
G P I BIN T ERF AC E ME SSAG E S ........................................ . 7-5
D EV IC E -D EPEN D EN T ME SSAG E S ............................... . . . . ...
7-6
COMMANDS ..................................................
. . . . . 7-6
Input/Output
Comman ds ...................................... ... .
7-8
Se r vice R eq uest Control ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . ......
7-8
Q
ue r ies ................................................... ... ....
7-9
DATA TRANSFERS ................................
. . . . . . . . . . . ...... 7-9
Pr og r a ms ......................................... .
. . . . . .......... 7-9
Numeric V al u es .......................................
. . . . . . . . . . 7-11
W aveforms ................................. ... ... ... . ...........
7-13
Text . ........ . .......................... . . . .... ... ...............
7-17
S ERV IC E RE QUE ST ..................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
Status Bytes . . . . . . .................... . . . . . ... ..................
7-20
P olli n g . ................................ . . .
. ..... . ... ... ......... 7-22
G ΡΙΒ

THEORY

........ . .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......

7-22
G ΡΙΒ

SIGNAL

L I NES . .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........
7-22
THE H
A
N DS H A KE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . .................
7-23
S E CTIO N 8 - I N ST RUMEN T O P TIO N S
OPTION 02 .............. ... . .......................................
8-1
OPTION 03 .........................................................
8-1
OPTION 78 .........................................................
8-1
OPTION OD ........................................................
8-1
OPTION 2D
........................................................
8-1
OPTION Al
......................................................
. . 8-1
OPTION A2
......................................................
. . 8-1
OPTION A3
......................................................
. . 8-1
OPTION A4
...................................................
. . . . . 8-1
OPTION 1S ....................................................
. . . . . 8-2
OPTION 2S ................................................... .
. . . . . 8-2
I N ST RUMEN T OPTION ID EN TI F ICATIO N
............................
. . 8-2
S E CTIO N 9-CO M M A N D L A N G U AG E
O PER ATIO N A L CO NVEN TIO N S ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 9-1
O PER ATI N G M OD E S ..........................................
. . . . . . . .
9-1
C R T DIS PL AY ....................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .......
9-1
REAL-TIME
W A VEF
O
RM
S A
N
D RE ADO U T DIS PL AY . . . . . . . ..........
9-1

TA BLE
O
F
CO
N T
EN TS (CO N T)
7854 O p e r ators
P age
STO RE D W A VEF O RM S A ND C HA R ACT ER DIS PL AY . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . 9-1
Υ - Τ Mode . ..............................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
9-7
Χ - Υ Mode . ....................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 9-7
STO RE D WA VEF O RM ACQ U ISITIO N ............................ . . . . . . . 9-8
REAL-TIME W A VEF O RM ACQ U ISITIO N ....................... . . . . . . . 9-8
REPE TITI VE DIGITIZI N G ............................. . . . . . . . . ... . . ...
9-8
REAL-TIME DIGITIZI NG ............................. . . . .... . . . . . . ... 9-9
UNF I LLE D/ ERR
O
NE
O US P OI
N
TS .................... . . . . . . . . ... . . ... 9-9
W A VEF
O
RM
STO
R
AG
E ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
9-9
W
A VEF
O RM RE S ULTS
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . ....
9-10
O
VERFL
O
W A ND UN D ERFL
O
W .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....
9-10
L arge A nd S m all
Constants ............................. . . . . . ... . 9-10
La r ge A nd Small W aveforms ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-10
I N ST RUMEN T CO MMA N DS ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-11
A R IT HME TIC FUN CTIO N S .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 9-11
C R T DIS P LAY .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 9-15
C UR SO R S ............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
ONE C URSO R ............................................ . . . . . . . . . 9-15
TWO C UR SO
RS
........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 9-15
C UR SO
R M
O
VEMENT ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....
9-16
DATASTO R
AG
E ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
..
. ........ 9-19
E XT ERN A L FUN CTIO N S ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-22
NUMBER

ENTRY ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....
9-24
NUMER IC EN TR Y ................................ . . . . . . . . ..
. . . . . . . . 9-25
Nu m be r E nt r y Display ............................ . . . . . ... . . . . . . .
9-25
PR OG R A M EN TR Y/ EXE C UT E ........... . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . ........
9-27
S H I F T FUN CTIO N ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
STAC K . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 9-36
STO RE D WFM
DIS PL AY . .............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........
9-37
VER TICA L P OSITIO N . . ..... . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 9-40
WFM ACQ U
ISITIO
N .......................... . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . ..
.
..
. . . 9-41
WFM FUN CTIO NS . . . . ................. . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . ........ 9-46
WFM P A R A ME T ER S ............................ . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-52
WFM SCA L I N G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . ........
9-56
GP I B CO MM
A NDS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 9-58
MESSAG
ES A NDA L
GO
R IT HM
S ... . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . .............. 9-60
ERR
O
R A ND W A RN I NG ME
SSAG
ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..............
9-60
CO MMA NDA L GO R IT HM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........
9-72
A RE A . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. ..
. . . . . . . . . . . ........... 9-72
AVG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..... 9-73
DI FF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 9-74
ENER GY . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .....
9-74
FRE Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 9-75
H X PD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 9-75
I N
TG
..
. . . . . . . . . .
.. .
.................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . ..... 9-75

7854 Operators
A PPEN DIX A-CO MM A N D I N D E X
TA
BLE O F CO N T EN TS
(CO
N T)
P age
MEAN ...................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-75
PER ................ . ................. . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 9-76
R Μ S ... . ..... . .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 9-76
SMOOTH . . . . . . . . . .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 9-76

F igu r e
No .

P age
Α

L ocator for 7854
f r
o
n t- p anel controls, conn ecto r s, and
i ndicators
..................................................... .xvi
Β

L ocator for keys and indicators on
t h e
7854
f r ont- pan
el
m eas ur eme
n t k ey boa rd ............................ . . . . . . . ...... χχ
C

L
ocato
r for 7854 r ea r - p a n el cont r ols, co nnecto rs,
a nd indicators ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv
D

L ocato r for W avefo r m Calc u lato r k eys a nd i nd icato rs .......... ... xxvi
1-1

Defi n ition of Data P at h Ter m s .............................. . . . . 1-11
2-1

7854 M ainf r a m e dimen sio n al d r awi n g ...................... . . . . 2-17
2-2

7854 W avefo r m Calc u lato
r d i m ensional drawing ................ 2-18
3-1

Defi n ition of g r atic u le mar k ings ................................ . . 3-1
4-1

L ocatio n and d efi n itio
nof t h e real-time r ea do u t .................. 4-4
5-1

T
h
e acq
uisition g r atic u le i n r elation to t h e d is p lay g r atic u le ...... 5-2
5-2

T h e in pu t pu lse of αre
p etitive signal is r econstr u cted u si ng
e qu
ivalent-time r and om-sam p li n g .............................. 5-5
5-3

T h e single-sweep in pu t signal is seq u e n tially sample d a nd
each p oi n t is d is p laye d as it act u ally occu rr ed ............... 5-13
5-4

Ty p ical cha r acte r d is p lay of STORE D m o de ...................... 5-14
5-5

Time-parameter r elatio n s h i p s

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-29
6-1

Α d
emonst r atio n of stac k " pus h i ng" and "poppi n g .. ........ . . . . . . 6-4
6-2

Α typical p rog r am d is p lay on t h e 7854 Oscillosco p e ........ . . . . 6-95
6-3

E xam p le of
t h e pr og r a m En t r y mo d e wit h out p r eviously
sto
r
ed
pr og r ams
.............................................
6-96
6-4

E xa mp le of t he pr ogram En t r y mode wit hα previo u sly
store d pr og r a m .............................................. 6-96
6-5

E xa mp le of t h e p r og r am Ed it mo d e .............. ... . . ..........
6-97
6-6

B asic flowc ha r t of t h e

i n t r o d uctory program ............ ... .
. . . . 6-107
6-7

Detaile d flowc h a r t of t he i n t r odu cto r y p rogram ............. . . . . 6-108
6-8

Flowc h art fo r th eb asic pu lse- m eas ur
i n g pr
og
r
a
m ........ . . . . . .
6-109
6-9

L isting of t h e b asic p ulse-measu
r
i n g pr og
r
am ................ . .
6-116
6-10

Ty p ical d is p lay afte r execu ti
n g t h e pu lse- m eas ur i n g pr og r am . . . 6-117
6-11

F lowch a r t fo r t h e pu lse-meas
u ri n g p r og r a m u si ng α loop ....... 6-122
6-12

L isting of t h e p ulse- m eas ur ing pr og r am wit hα loop ........... 6-124
6-13

Flowc h a r t of main bo d y of t
h
e p ulse-meas
ur i n g pr
og
r
a
m
u sing s ubr o u ti
n
es .........................................
.6-126
6-14

Flowc h a r t of
t h
e c
ur sor- p ositioni ng s ubrou ti n e ................. 6-127
6-15

Flowc h a r t of t
h
e a
mp lit ud e-mo n ito r i ng s ubr ou tine .............. 6-128
6-16

L isti
n g
of
pu lse-meas ur i n g p r og r a m a nd cu r so r - p ositio n i n g
s ubro
u ti
ne
................................................. .6-130
6-17

L isti n g of t h e c ur so r - p ositio n i n g a nd a mp lit ud e-mo n itori n g
s ubro u ti ne ......... . ....................................... .6-131
6-18

L isti n g of t he pu lse-meas ur i ng p r og r a m wit h comma nd s
a dded to view
r
es u lts . . . . . . . .............................. .6-134
6-19

Pr og
r
am to
calc u late t h e pe r cent of ove r s h oot ................. 6-135
REV A PR 1981
L IST
O
F I LLU ST R ATIO N S
7854 Op e r ato r s

7854 O pe r ato r s
L IST O F I LLU ST R ATIO
N S (CO N T)
Figu r e
No .

P
age
6-20 Pr ogram to calcu late pr o p agatio n d elay ........................
6-136
6-21 Pr og r am to co n volve wavefo r ms ............................. .
.
6-136
6-22 Pr ogram to d is play t h e si n e of α wavefor m
....................
6-137
7-1 G P I B
system co
n figu r
ations .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...... 7-1
7-2 A ddr ess a nd mo d e selection
......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............
7-3
7-3 Device- d epe nd en t messages vs . inte r
face messages . . . . . ......... 7-5
7-4 Su br o utine to set 7854
for re
m
ote-only op er ation
( d isab le k ey b oa rd s) .... . .....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...............
7-7
7-5 S ubr o utine to set 7854 fo r no r mal (re m ote/local)
ope
r
atio n ...... 7-7
7-6 Tra n sfe r 7854 pr ogra m to co n t r olle r tape file (SA
VE
sam p le pr ogra m ).............................................
7-10
7-7 Tra nsfer 7854 pr og r am fro m co n t r oller ta pe file to 7854 ........
7-11
7-8 S EN DX sam p le program . . . . . ...................................
7-12
7-9
RE
ADX sa mp le pr og r am ................  ...  . 
7-12
7-10 W aveform t r an sfe r f r om 7854 to co n trolle r (ASCII st r i n gs) ......
7-14
7-11 W aveform t r
a n sfe
r f r
o m 7854 to cont r olle r (num e r ic
ar
r
ay) ...... 7-15
7-12 W aveform t r ansfer f r
om co n t r olle r (ASCII st r i ngs) to 7854 ......
7-15
7-13 W
avefo
r m
tr a n sfe r fro m co n t r oller (n u me r ic a rr ay) to 7854 ......
7-16
7-14 > ΤΕΧΤ sam p le pr ogram .........................................
7-19
7-15 TEXT sa mp le pr og r am ....................  , .  . .
7-20
7-16 Serial-poll sam p le s u b r o u ti n es .................................. 7-22
7-17 So ur ce a nd acce p tor h a n ds h a ke
se q ue n ce ............. ... ... . . . 7-24
8-1 L ocatio n of Option I d entification Tags
........................ . . . . 8-2
9-1 Th e 7854 h ierarc hy of o p e r ational
mo d es
.......
. . . . . . . . ......... 9-2
9-2
C h a r acte r d
isplay fiel d s u tilize d in t he SCO PE mo d e ........... . . 9-3
9-3 C h a r acter d
is p layfiel d s u tilized i n t h e STO RE D o r
BOTHmo de . .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ... 9-4
9-4 C h aracte r d
is play
fiel
ds u tilized i n t h e pr ogra m En try
a nd Ed it m o d es ..................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........
9-6
9-5 Algo r it h m te r ms define d
.... . ................................... 9-72

ST O F TA B L E S
7854
Ope
r
ato r s
Ta b le
No .

P age
1-1 P owe r -Cord Con d ucto r Ide n tificatio n .............................. 1-3
1-2 P owe r -Co rd a nd P l u g I d e n tificatio n I nfor m atio n ...................
1-4
1-3 Self-Test F a u lt Co d e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . .......................
1-7
2-1 E lect r ical C h aracteristics .........................................
2-1
2-2 En vi r on m ental Ch aracteristics . .................................. 2-14
2-3 Ph ysical C h a r acte r istics ......................................... 2-16
2-4 7854 H o r izo n tal System Specifications .......................... 2-21
2-5 7854 V e r tical Syste m S p ecificatio n s ............................ 2-22
2-6 7854 Plug-in
I
n co mp ati b ilities ................................... 2-24
4-1 R
eal-Time
Dis
p lay Combi
n
atio n s ................................. 4-6
5-1
L ette r E x p o n en ts ...............................................
5-16
6-1 > Ρ/ W E ffects ..................................................
6-19
7-1
7854 G P I B I n te r face Fun ctio n s .................................. 7-2
7-2 S p ecial Cha
r
acte
r
Codes ........................................ 7-17
7-3 7854
Stat u s B ytes .......................................... . . . 7-21
8-1 O p tion I n fo r matio n L ocato r ....................................... 8-3
9-1
P oi n ts- p e r - W avefo rm vs . H o r izo n tal R esol u tio n ................... .
9-1
9-2 A r it h metic Comma nd s ....................................... . . . 9-11
9-3 O p e r an ds an d R es u lts ....................................... . . . 9-14
9-4 C RT Display Co m man d s ..................................... . . . 9-15
9-5 C urso r Comma nd s .............................................. 9-16
9-6 Data Sto r age Comma nd s .................................... . . . 9-19
9-7 E xte rn al I n te r face Co mm an d s ................................ . . . 9-22
9-8 Numb e r
En
try Co mm an ds ....................................... 9-24
9-9 Nu m b e r
En
try F iel ds
............................................
9-25
9-10
Pr
og
r
am
En try an d E xec u te Co mm an ds .........................
9-27
9-11
S h ift F lag Comma nd s ...........................................
9-35
9-12 Stac
k Control Comma nd s ....................................... 9-36
9-13 Sto r ed W avefor m Dis p lay Com m a nd s ........................... 9-37
9-14 V e r tical P ositio n Co mm an d s .................................... 9-40
9-15 W avefo rm Ac qu isitio n Co mm an d s ...............................
9-41
9-16
W avefo r m Fun ctio n Comma nd s .................................
9-46
9-17 W avefo r m P a r amete r Comman ds ................................ 9-52
9-18 W avefo rm Scaling Co mm an ds ................................... 9-56
9-19 G P I B Only Co mm an d s .......................................... 9-58
9-20 Er ror Messages ................................................. 9-60
9-21 W arning Messages ............................................. 9-68

7854
Op e r ato r s
O PER ATO RS SA
FE TY S UMM A R Y
T h e ge n e r al safety
i n
fo
rm atio n i n t h is p art of t h e summa r y is fo r b ot h o p e r ati n g a nd
se r vicing per so
n nel . S p ecific warnings a nd ca u tio n s will be fo u nd t h rou g h o u t t h e
m a nu al w h e r e t
hey apply, bu t may n ot a ppea r i n th is s u mma r y .
IN TH IS
M A
NU
A L
AS M A RKE DON E QU I PMEN T
IN T H IS M A NU A L
ΧΙΙ
© Static-Se n sitive Devices .
T ERM S
CA U
TIO N stateme n ts i d entify co nd itions o r practices t h at co u l d r es u lt i n da m age to
t h e e qu i pm en t o r ot her pr ope r ty .
W A RN I N G statements i d en tify cond itio n s or practices t
hat
coul
d r
esult
i n p
e
r
so
n al
i njury or loss of life .
CA U TIO N i nd icates α pe
r
so
n
al
in jur y hazar d not imme d iately accessi b le as one
r ea ds th e ma rk i n g, o r α
h aza rd to pro pe r ty incl ud i n g t h e e qu ipme n t itself .
DA
N
G
ER i nd icates α perso n al i njury h azar d immediately accessi b le as o n e r ea ds t he
m ark i
n g .
SY
MB
O
L S
Ι

Th is sy
mb ol i nd icates w h e r e a pp lica b le ca u tio n a r y o r ot h e r i n fo r matio n is
to b e fo und .
AS M A RKE DON E Q U I PMEN T
DA N G ER-H ig h voltage .
Protective g r ound (ea r t h ) te rm i n al
.
Q ATTENTION-refer to
m a nu al .
P O WER SOUR C E
WA RN I N
GS
Th is pr oduct is i
n
te n de
d
to
o p e r ate f r om αp ower so ur ce t hat will not apply m o r e
t h an 250 volts rm s
b etween t h e su pply co ndu cto r s o r between eit h e r s upp ly
co nd ucto r an d g
r
o
und . Α pr otective g r o u n d co nn ection by way of t h eg r ound i n g
con du ctor
i n t h e p owe r cord is essential fo r safe ope r atio n .

U SE THE
PR
OPER
P O WER CO RD
U
se only t he power co rd and conn
ecto r s p ecifie d for you r p ro d uct . U se only αp owe r
co
rd t h at is in goo d co nd ition .
F o r d etaile d i n fo
r mation on p owe r co rd s, refer to Section 1, I n t r oductio n .
R efe r co r d and
connecto r ch anges to qu alifie d se r vice p e r sonn el
.
G R O UN DI NG
THE PR OD U CT
T h is pr o du ct is
grou nd e d t hr o u g h t h e g r ou nd ing cond ucto
r
of t h
e p ower co rd .
To
avoi d elect
r ical shoc k , plug t he p owe r cor d
i n
to αpr
o p e r ly wi r e d r eceptacle b efo r e
conn
ecti n g to t he pr o du ct i npu t or out pu t termi
n
als .
Α p rotective g r ound con nectio n
by way
of t h e g r o u n d i n g conducto r in t h e p
owe r co rd is essen tial fo r safe o pe r ation .
DA
NG ER A R ISI N G FR O M L OSS O
F
G
R O UN D
U S E THEPR O PER FU
SE
R efe r
f
use
r
ep
lacement to qu alified se r vice p erson
nel .
DO NOT
O PER AT E IN E X PLOSI
VEAT M
OS
PHERES
DO NOT
REM
OVE
CO VER S OR P ANELS
7854 Operato r s
U
pon loss of t h e p rotective-g r ou nd connectio
n , all accessi b le co ndu ctive pa r ts
(i n cl ud i n g knobs a nd co n t r ols t
h at may a p pea r to b e insulati n g), can r end er an
elect r ic s hoc k .
To
avoi d fi r e h aza r d , u se only
t h e f u se s p ecifie d i n t h e p arts list fo r yo ur pr odu ct,
a nd w h ic
h is ide n tical i n type, voltage rating, a
nd c urr e n t r ating .
To avoi d ex p losio n , do not o p e
r ate t h is pr od uct in an atmos phe r e of ex p losive gases
un less it h as been s p
ecifically ce r tifie d for suc h o p e r ation .
To avoi d p e
r
so
n al i njur y, d o not r e m ove t h e pr o d u ct covers o
r pan els
.
Do
not
o p erate
t h e p ro d uct
wit ho u t t he cove r s and p a n els p ro p e
r ly i n stalle d .

7854 O pe r ato r s
M A
NU A L CO L O R
S
T he colors of black , b l u e, br own, a nd gr ee nar
e u sed t hr o u g h out t h
is m an ual to
h ig h -lig h t sp ecific feat ur es of t he man u al d
esig ned to ai d you i n und
ersta nd i n g t h e
op e r atio n
of yo ur 7854 Oscillosco p e .
In a dd ition to bei n g u se d fo rt h e mai nbody
of text, b lac k is u se d
on t
h
e gratic u le
dis p lays of t h e self-teac h ing exercises to in d
icate i nfor m ation w h ic h h
as not
c
h
a
n
ge d du ri n g exec u tio n of t h e associate d
co mm a nd s .
Ce r tai n com m a nd m n
emo nics (s u c h as BOTH,
AQS,
FRE
Q, etc .) a r e pri n ted in b l
u e
as th ey a ppea r on t h e
inst ru ment k ey b oar d (s) . Α bl u e mn
emonic i nd icates t h at t h
e
co mm an d
is
i n
vo k ed as α "s h ift f un ctio n " an d m u st b
e pr ece ded wit h t h e
.f
comma nd un less iss u ed t hr
o u gh t h e G P I B . Also, b l u eb oxes
su rrou nd a pp licatio ns
info r matio n given t hr o u ghou t t h e self-teac
h i n g exe r cises .
E
xe r cise hea d i n gs (s u c h as
ACQ U I R I NGΑ SI N G LE -S
WEEP W A VEF O RM) a nd
pr
oce du re titles (s u c h as
U SI N G THE BE A MF I ND ER) a r e pr i n
te d i nb r ow n at th e
sta r t of
t
he
exe r cise o r p r oce dur e .
In
a
dd itio n , br ow n is u sed fo r
t h e followi n g
symbol
to i nd icate p laces w h e r e t h e 7854 can
b e t urn ed off wit h out affecti
n g t h e
next
exercises :
NEXT E X ER CIS E
BE GI N S W IT HP O WER-UP
G
r
ee
n
is u se d i n th e text to in d icate n o m e n clat ur
e p recisely as it a ppea r
s
on
t h e
7854 d is p lay sc r ee n (e .g
.,
AQ R W A RN I
N G, BU SY, F IR E ERR O R, ;` . H
C R D, etc .) .
H
oweve r , g r een u se d i n t h e d is play g r atic u les of t h
e self-teac h i n g exe r cises r
eflects
info r
mation eit h e r n ewly d is p layed o r ch a n ge das
t
h
e d i r ect r es u lt of exec u ti n g t
h e
associate d co m ma nd
s .

7854 Operators
F oldout for
Front P anel Controls, Connectors & Indicators
(Figure Α )

ΦΖΖΦΖ Φ
,
7
α<*~
ε
~~~,
~* όα , ό 1 χΙ °_~'~
s ^~
φ
Tek tro n ix
7851
. . r- 'ARAIE'ERS
,
Ι . ~ -
ειι
Ρ
Iι . . : α
Α (α εε , εουχεε
F ig ure Α . L ocato r fo r 7854 f r o n t- p
anel co
n
tr ols, conn ecto r s, and ii