Texas Instruments 2000 series User manual

Series 2000 Reader SystemMicro-reader RI-STU-MRD1
Reference Guide
May 2000
SCBU027

Series 2000 Reader System
Micro-reader RI-STU-MRD1
Reference Guide
Literature Number: SCBU027May 2000

Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................... 7
1 Product Description ................................................................................................... 91.1 General ............................................................................................................. 101.2 Product Description ............................................................................................... 101.2.1 Power Supply ............................................................................................. 111.2.2 Antenna .................................................................................................... 111.2.3 Synchronization ........................................................................................... 111.2.4 Trigger Mode .............................................................................................. 121.2.5 Continuous Mode ......................................................................................... 121.2.6 Serial Communication ................................................................................... 121.3 Connector Pins .................................................................................................... 131.3.1 Pin Connection Description ............................................................................. 141.3.2 Module and Antenna Block Diagrams ................................................................. 15
2 Communications Protocol ......................................................................................... 172.1 Protocol PC to Micro-reader ..................................................................................... 182.1.1 Start Mark ................................................................................................. 182.1.2 Length...................................................................................................... 182.1.3 Command Field ........................................................................................... 182.1.4 Data Field ................................................................................................. 202.1.5 BCC ........................................................................................................ 202.2 Protocol Micro-reader to PC ..................................................................................... 202.2.1 Start Mark ................................................................................................. 212.2.2 Length...................................................................................................... 212.2.3 Status ...................................................................................................... 212.2.4 Data Field ................................................................................................. 212.2.5 BCC ........................................................................................................ 21
3 Specifications .......................................................................................................... 233.1 Recommended Operating Conditions .......................................................................... 243.2 Timings ............................................................................................................. 243.3 Mechanical Data ................................................................................................... 25
4 Transponder Protocols ............................................................................................. 274.1 Transponder Commands ......................................................................................... 284.1.1 Read RO, R/W ............................................................................................ 284.1.2 Program R/W ............................................................................................. 284.1.3 Addressing MPTs/SAMPTs ............................................................................. 284.2 Transponder Responses ......................................................................................... 304.2.1 Read Only Transponder ................................................................................. 304.2.2 Read/Write Transponder ................................................................................ 304.2.3 MPT/SAMPT .............................................................................................. 31
5 Communication Protocol Examples ............................................................................ 335.1 PC to Micro-reader ................................................................................................ 345.1.1 Read RO, R/W ............................................................................................ 34
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5.1.2 Program R/W Transponder ............................................................................. 345.1.3 General Read Page of MPT ............................................................................ 355.1.4 Program Page of MPT ................................................................................... 355.1.5 Lock Page of MPT ....................................................................................... 365.1.6 Selective Read Page of SAMPT ....................................................................... 365.1.7 Selective Program Page of SAMPT ................................................................... 375.1.8 Selective Lock Page of SAMPT ........................................................................ 385.2 Micro-reader to PC ................................................................................................ 385.2.1 Successful Read of RO .................................................................................. 385.2.2 Successful Program Page 2 of MPT ................................................................... 395.2.3 No Read ................................................................................................... 39
A CE Declaration ......................................................................................................... 41
B Demonstration Circuit ............................................................................................... 43
C Antenna Design ........................................................................................................ 45C.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 45C.2 Antenna Construction ............................................................................................. 45C.3 Q Factor ............................................................................................................ 46C.4 Adapting the Inductance Range ................................................................................. 46
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List of Figures
1-1 Micro-reader Module ....................................................................................................... 101-2 Micro-reader Pin Connections ............................................................................................ 131-3 Block Diagram of the Micro-reader ...................................................................................... 151-4 Antenna Circuit Block Diagram ........................................................................................... 163-1 Top, Front, and Side Views (Measurements in mm) .................................................................. 254-1 Read Function .............................................................................................................. 284-2 Programming Data Format of the 64-bit Read/Write Transponder .................................................. 284-3 Data Format of the General Read Page Function ..................................................................... 294-4 Programming Data Format of the MPT .................................................................................. 294-5 Lock Page of MPT/SAMPT ............................................................................................... 294-6 Data Format of the Selective Read Page Function .................................................................... 294-7 Data Format of the Selective Program Page Function ................................................................ 304-8 Data Format of the Selective Lock Page Function ..................................................................... 304-9 RO Read Data Format ..................................................................................................... 304-10 R/W Read Data Format ................................................................................................... 304-11 MPT/SAMPT Read Data Format ......................................................................................... 31B-1 Micro-reader Demonstration Circuit ...................................................................................... 43
List of Tables
1-1 Pin Connections ............................................................................................................ 13
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List of Tables6 SCBU027 – May 2000Submit Documentation Feedback

Preface
SCBU027 – May 2000
Edition Three - May 2000This is the third edition of this manual, it describes the following equipment:
TIRIS™ Micro-reader Module RI-STU-MRD1
About This GuideThis manual describes the TIRIS Micro-reader, its goal is to describe the reader, how it works, how tointegrate it and how to use it.
Conventions
WARNINGA WARNING IS USED WHERE CARE MUST BE TAKEN, OR ACERTAIN PROCEDURE MUST BE FOLLOWED IN ORDER TOPREVENT INJURY OR HARM TO YOUR HEALTH.
CAUTION
This indicates information on conditions which must be met, or a procedurewhich must be followed, which if not heeded could cause permanent damage tothe equipment or software.
Note: Indicates conditions which must be met, or procedures which must be followed, to ensureproper functioning of the equipment or software.
Also indicates information that makes use of the equipment or software easier.
If You Need Assistance
Application Centers are located in Europe, North and South America, the Far East and Australia to providedirect support. For more information, please contact your nearest TIRIS Sales and Application Center. Thecontact addresses can be found on our home page: http://www.tiris.com
Trademarks
The TIRIS logo and the word TIRIS are registered trademarks of Texas Instruments.
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Chapter 1SCBU027 – May 2000
Product Description
This chapter describes the hardware of the Micro-reader. It tells you about the moduleand how to integrate it.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
1.1 General .................................................................................... 101.2 Product Description .................................................................. 101.3 Connector Pins ......................................................................... 13
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1.1 General
1.2 Product Description
General
The Micro-reader is an intelligent module providing RF and Control functions to read and program TIRIStransponders. It is equipped with a Serial Communications Interface (SCI) which may be directlyconnected to commonly used system controllers. The Micro-reader works together with a 47 µH, low-Qantenna, and therefore the system does not need tuning.
Figure 1-1. Micro-reader Module
The Micro-reader module is a plug-in module which can be plugged into or soldered onto an applicationspecific adapter board. It supports serial data communications between a PC and TIRIS transponders.With its Serial Communications Interface (SCI) the Micro-reader supports TTL data communications,which with the addition of a communications driver (for example: RS232 or RS422) allows communicationto a standard interface.
The Micro-reader can be controlled remotely by either providing certain inputs with the correspondingvoltage level or sending commands to the SCI. It can be driven either with or without synchronization - thesynchronization can be either wireless or wired to enable reliable operation in multi-reader environments.Two outputs show the reader status and inform the user about a successful command execution. TheMicro-reader supports all available TIRIS™ LF transponders.
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1.2.1 Power Supply
1.2.2 Antenna
1.2.3 Synchronization
Product Description
There are two separate 5V supplies to the Micro-reader, one for the output stage (VSP) and the other forthe logic (VSL). On power up VSL should rise faster than 0.1 V/ms to ensure a reliable operation. TheMicro-reader has an on-board reset circuit which will reset it should the supply fall below 4 V ( ±0.2 V).
In order to avoid problems with noise conducted via the supply lines, we recommend that if a single supplyis used, separate connections from a common de-coupling capacitor are used to feed the Micro-reader.
Note: The RF Module must not be supplied by Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS). This isbecause most SMPS operate at frequencies around 50 kHz. The harmonics of thegenerated field can interfere with the TIRIS receiver. Therefore only use linear regulatedpower supplies, or SMPS with a fundamental operating frequency of 200 kHz or higher.
The Micro-reader has been designed for use with a 47 µH antenna with a Q of 10 to 20 to generate theexciter frequency of 134.2 kHz. Because of the low Q the system does not need to be tuned.
WARNINGCARE MUST BE TAKEN WHEN HANDLING THE MICRO-READERAS HIGH VOLTAGES ACROSS THE ANTENNA PINS COULD BEHARMFUL TO YOUR HEALTH.
There are two possible methods of wired synchronization:1. Connect a pulse waveform to all RDEN- input pins of the Micro-readers to be synchronized. The pulsewould normally be at VSL, dropping to GND for 100 µs every 200 ms.2. Connect all SYNC outputs to an 'Or' and then connect this as an input to RDEN- of each Micro-readerto be synchronized.
Wireless synchronization of the Micro-reader is very effective at synchronizing to adjacent readers,however problems may occur if the antennas are positioned such that a transponder can be within rangeof two readers at the same time. In this situation one reader could synchronize with the transponderinstead of the other reader.
When the WLSC input is active the Micro-reader is in wireless synchronization mode. Wirelesssynchronization can also be switched on/off by a corresponding command via the serial interface. Duringexecution of this command it has priority over the WLSC input. After the command execution the status ofthe WLSC input will be considered again.
Note: It is not recommended to have both wired and wireless synchronization switched on assynchronization could be unreliable.
We recommend the use of bus drivers for wired synchronization with other Micro-readersand to prevent ESD damage.
Wired or wireless synchronization prolongs the cycle time by typically 20 ms.
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1.2.4 Trigger Mode
1.2.5 Continuous Mode
1.2.6 Serial Communication
Product Description
When the Micro-reader is in idle mode it is possible to trigger a single charge-only read with a power burstduration of 50 ms by taking the RDEN- pin to logic high for 100 µs. The single read will start on the fallingedge of the 100 µs pulse.
If a transponder command is sent to the Micro-reader via the SCI while RDEN- is in a logic high state(waiting position), a falling edge would trigger execution of the command. In waiting position theMicro-reader can only store one command. This means that if two commands were to be sent to theMicro-reader while it is in the waiting position the second command will overwrite the first one.
When the CRDM input is active the Micro-reader goes into continuous charge-only read mode using apower burst duration of 50 ms. The serial data input takes priority over the CRDM input such that if aserial command is received it will be executed regardless of the state of the CRDM input. After theexecution of the serial data command the Micro-reader continues with the previous read mode.
In the default continuous read mode, only those valid RO, R/W or MPT IDs that differ from the previouslyread ID; or valid IDs read after a “NO READ”, are transferred via the SCI (Normal Mode). TheMicro-reader can be set to transfer all valid IDs that are read (Line Mode) by means of a correspondingserial data command.
Without synchronization the Micro-reader has a reading frequency of approximately 10 readouts persecond using a power burst duration of 50 ms. Timing is given in more detail in Section 3.2 .
The two serial I/O pins are configured for 9600 Baud, 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity and 1 stop bit; theycan be connected directly to a communications driver to allow a half duplex communication with a PC viaits serial communications interface (for example: RS232 or RS422).
The communications protocol is specified in Chapter 2 .
Handshake
The Micro-reader accepts handshake commands X
on
/X
off
. When it receives an X
off
(13
hex
) the Micro-readerstops its current operation and stops transmitting data via the serial port. It stays in idle mode until X
on(11
hex
) is received when it continues with the previous mode/command. During this idle period theMicro-reader accepts commands via the serial port, however, it waits for its execution until X
on
is received.In this idle period the Micro-reader can store only one command.
Note: While receiving a command protocol from the serial port X
on
/X
off
is interpreted as normaldata without affecting the serial communication.
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1.3 Connector Pins
Connector Pins
The Micro-reader module has 30 pin connections which are shown in Figure 1-2 and listed in Table 1-1 .
Figure 1-2. Micro-reader Pin Connections
Table 1-1. Pin Connections
Pin Signal Name Function
1 SYNC Output for wired synchronization2 RDEN- Input for wired synchronization and single read trigger3 – Reserved, do not connect4 RESET- Reset of the Micro-reader5 RXD Receive Data signal input of serial interface6 TXD Transmit Data signal output of serial interface7 – Reserved, do not connect8 – Reserved, do not connect9 – Reserved, do not connect10 – Reserved, do not connect11 – Reserved, do not connect12 – Reserved, do not connect13 – Reserved, do not connect14 – Reserved, do not connect15 GND Ground for logic16 ANT1 Antenna terminal 117 ANTCAP Antenna capacitor terminal18 – Reserved, do not connect19 ANT2 Antenna terminal 220 – Reserved, do not connect21 GNDP Ground for output stage22 VSP Supply voltage output stage23 – Reserved, do not connect24 VSL Supply voltage logic25 GND Ground for logic26 CRD Input for continuous read mode27 WLS Input to switch wireless synchronization on28 – Reserved, do not connect29 OKT Output to show if a valid ID was read30 STAT Output to show status of RF-transmitter control signal
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1.3.1 Pin Connection Description
Connector Pins
SYNC (1) Output for wired synchronization. This output is at GND level until the Micro-reader startsits read cycle, at which time it goes to VSL until the complete reading, programming orlocking cycle is finished.RDEN- (2) Input for wired synchronization. Taking this pin to VSL acts as a hold-off for theMicro-reader's output stage preventing it from transmitting until the input returns to GND.The Micro-reader only samples this input at the start of its own reading, programming orlocking cycle, this means that if the input goes to VSL after a cycle is started, the cycle isnot interrupted. RDEN- is a high impedance input and must be tied to GND via a suitableresistor (27 k Ω) when it is not being used.When the Micro-reader is idle it is possible to trigger a single read by taking theRDEN-pin logic high for 100 ms. The single read will start on the falling edge of the100 ms pulse.RESET- (4) Taking this pin to GND holds the Micro-reader in reset. If the reset pin is not used it canbe left disconnected as it is internally pulled up. Minimum pulse duration to perform areset is 1 ms. After a reset the processor takes between 28 ms and 132 ms (typically72 ms) before it can receive new instructions via the serial communications interface.RXD (5) Input configured to receive serial data commands at 9600 Baud, 1 start bit, 8 data bits,no parity and 1 stop bit.TXD (6) Output configured to transmit serial data at 9600 Baud, 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parityand 1 stop bit.GND (15, 25) Pins 15 and 25 are ground for the logic part.ANT1 (16) Antenna pin for the connection of 47 µH, low Q antennas.ANTCAP (17) It is possible to use antennas of lower inductance by connecting a suitable capacitorbetween ANT1 and ANTCAP. This additional capacitor (ceramic, 100 VDC) will be inparallel with the 30 nF resonance capacitor on board the Micro-reader (see Figure 1-4and Appendix C ).ANT2 (19) Antenna pin (GND) for the connection of 47 µH, low Q antennas.GNDP (21) Pin 21 is ground for the output stage.VSP (22) Pin 22 is for connecting the positive supply voltage (5 V) for the output stage.VSL (24) Pin 24 is for connecting the positive supply voltage (5 V) for the logic part.CRDM (26) Supplying pin 26 with a logic high signal causes the Micro-reader to run in a continuouscharge-only read mode (see Section 1.2.5 for more information).When the CRDM pin is tied to logic low, the Micro-reader is in an idle state waiting forcommands via the serial interface or for a trigger signal (RDEN-) to start a single readout cycle. CRDM is a high impedance input and must be tied to either VSL or GND via asuitable resistor (27 k Ω).WLSC (27) Pin 27 enables or disables wireless synchronization. To enable the wirelesssynchronization, pin 27 must be taken to VSL. When wireless synchronization isenabled, the Micro-reader will try to synchronize its transmit signals with any otherreaders in range. To disable wireless synchronization pin 27 must be taken to GND. Pin27 is a high impedance input and must be tied to either VSL or GND via a suitableresistor (27 k Ω).Wireless synchronization can also be switched on/off by a corresponding command viathe serial interface. During execution of this command it has priority over the WLSCinput.
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1.3.2 Module and Antenna Block Diagrams
RESET-
CRDM
RDEN-
SYNC
OKT
STAT
TXD
RXD
GND
VSL
GNDP
MICRO
CONTROLLER
RFM
ASIC ANT1
ANT2
ANTCAP
Power
stage
Filter
RXCK
RXDT-
TXCT-
VSL
VSP
VSL
WLSC
VSP
Connector Pins
OKT (29) This output is set to logic high for approx. 60 ms if a valid transponder was read. It canbe connected to an LED externally to indicate the result of the read cycle.STAT(30) Pin 30 is set to logic low when the RF-transmitter is activated. Supplying an external LEDwith this signal makes the status of the Micro-reader visible.
Figure 1-3. Block Diagram of the Micro-reader
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ANT1
ANT2
ANTCAP
TXHI
from
ASIC
TXLO
from
ASIC
VSP
RECEIVE
RESONANCE
CAPACITOR
Connector Pins
Figure 1-4. Antenna Circuit Block Diagram
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Chapter 2SCBU027 – May 2000
Communications Protocol
This chapter describes the protocol that you need to use to send instructions from yourPC to the Micro-reader. It also describes the protocol that the Micro-reader uses torespond to the PC.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
2.1 Protocol PC to Micro-reader ....................................................... 182.2 Protocol Micro-reader to PC ....................................................... 20
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2.1 Protocol PC to Micro-reader
Byte Contents (hexadecimal value)
0 Start Mark (SOH, 01hex)
1 Length
2 Command Field (1)
3 Command Field (2) (optional)
4(3) Data Field (1)
.
.
N+3(2) Data Field (N)
N+4(3) BCC
Start Length BCC Cmd 1 Cmd 2 Data
2.1.1 Start Mark
2.1.2 Length
2.1.3 Command Field
Protocol PC to Micro-reader
Note: The total number of bytes sent within a protocol frame (including Start Mark and BCC) islimited to 41 bytes.
Examples are given in Section 5.1 .
The 'Start-Mark' signifies the beginning of a message. It is represented by the ASCII character SOH (StartOf Header, 01
hex
).
The 'Length' byte indicates the length, in bytes, of the following Command and Data Fields.
The 'Command Field(s)' defines the mode in which the Micro-reader operates and determines theoperation that is to be carried out in the transponder. Depending on the setting of the relevant bits, thecorresponding information specified in the Data Fields will be sent to the transponder or not. Thus allfunctions of each particular transponder type can be executed (see 2.1.4 for further information).
Command Field (1)
Bit Use Setting Comment
00
Perform single command (for example: single read, program, lock)(MSB,LSB)
01 Read in continuous Normal Mode0/1 Mode/Cmd
10 Read in continuous Line Mode11 Send Micro-reader S/W version2 FBCC Calculation 1/0 If set, Micro-reader calculates FBCC of the MPT protocol3 Power Burst I 1/0 If set, needs to be determined in Data Field (see Section 2.1.4 )4 Power Pause Duration 1/0 If set, needs to be determined in Data Field5 Power Burst II 1/0 If set, needs to be determined in Data Field6 Data 1/0 If set, needs to be determined in Data Field7 Cmd Expansion Field 1/0 If set, Command Field (2) follows
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Example: E8Hex= 1110 1000 BIN
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
Perform single command
No FBCC calculation
Power burst I value set in Data Field
Default set to 0
Power burst II value set in Data Field
Data values follows in Data Field
Command Field (2) follows
Example: 06Hex= 0000 0110BIN
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
No Special Write Timing
Wireless Synchronization is used
Micro-reader calculates DBCC
Bits 3-7 reserved
Protocol PC to Micro-reader
If bit 5 (Power Burst II, for example: for programming and locking) is set, the Microreader automaticallyoperates in single mode. Thus the user is enabled to validate the programming or lock response before afurther cycle is started.
If bit 2 (FBCC calculation) and bit 6 (Data) are set, the Micro-reader automatically calculates a two byteBCC over the data to be sent to the transponder and adds it to the protocol. When bits 2 and 6 are set thePC must not send the 2 byte FBCC to the Micro-reader.
Bit 4 (Power Pause Duration) is for future use and must not be set when addressing standard TIRIStransponders.
Command Field (2)
Bit Use Setting Comment
0 Special Write Timing 1/0 If set, needs to be determined in Data Field (see Section 2.1.4 )1 Wireless Synchronization 1/0 If set, wireless synchronization is used2 DBCC calculation 1/0 If set, Micro-reader calculates DBCC of the R/W and MPT write data3–7 Reserved
If Command Field (2) is not present, standard TIRIS write timings are used and wireless synchronization isswitched on/off according to the status of input line WLSC.
Note: The settings specified in Command Field (1) and (2) are only valid during the execution ofthe current command.
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2.1.4 Data Field
2.1.5 BCC
Example: 02 08 32
02 0000 0010
08 0000 1000
--------------------------------
XOR 0000 1010
32 0011 0010
--------------------------------
XOR 0011 1000 = 38 (hex)
2.2 Protocol Micro-reader to PC
Byte Contents (hexadecimal value)
0 Start Mark (SOH, 01hex)
1 Length
2 Status
3 Data Field (1) (LSByte)
.
.
.
N+2 Data Field (N) (MSByte)
N+3 BCC
Start Length BCC
Status Data
Protocol Micro-reader to PC
The presence of the relevant data field depends on the setting of the bits in the Command Field.
If the relevant bit (for example: Command bit 3 “Power Burst I”) is set to “1”, then Data Field 1 is presentdefining the Power Burst length. If the relevant bit in the Command Field is set to “0” the consequent DataField is omitted, this results in the following data field being moved forward (decremented) by one.Data Field Use Range (dec) Comment
1 Power Burst I 1..255 ms If bit 3 of Command Field(1) is set2 Power Pause Duration 1..255 ms If bit 4 of Command Field(1) is set3 Power Burst II 1..255 ms If bit 5 of Command Field(1) is set4/5 toffLow (LSByte/MSByte) 28..2044 ms If bit 0 of Command Field(2) is set6/7 tonLow (LSByte/MSByte) 28..2044 ms If bit 0 of Command Field(2) is set8/9 toffHigh (LSByte/MSByte) 28..2044 ms If bit 0 of Command Field(2) is set10/11 tonHigh (LSByte/MSByte) 28..2044 ms If bit 0 of Command Field(2) is set12 # of Data Fields that follow See
(1)
If bit 6 of Command Field(1) is set13.. Data Fields LSByte first
(1)
The number of Data Fields must not cause an infringement of the total number of bytes allowed within a protocol frame.
Transponder command protocols are described in detail in Section 4.1 .
The 'BCC' field is a one-byte value of the Longitudinal Redundancy Check calculation (Xor'ed bytes) forthe preceding message. The calculation is performed on the whole message excluding the Start-Mark.
See Section 5.2 for examples.
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