Texas Instruments CC1020 User manual

CC1020
CC1020
Low-Power RF Transceiver for Narrowband Systems
Applications
•Narrowband low power UHF wireless
data transmitters and receivers with
channel spacing as low as 12.5 and 25
kHz
•402 / 424 / 426 / 429 / 433 / 447 / 449 /
469 / 868 and 915 MHz ISM/SRD
band systems
•AMR - Automatic Meter Reading
•Wireless alarm and security systems
•Home automation
•Low power telemetry
Product Description
CC1020 is a true single-chip UHF trans-
ceiver designed for very low power and
very low voltage wireless applications. The
circuit is mainly intended for the ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and
SRD (Short Range Device) frequency
bands at 402, 424, 426, 429, 433, 447,
449, 469, 868 and 915 MHz, but can
easily be programmed for multi-channel
operation at other frequencies in the 402 -
470 and 804 - 940 MHz range.
The
CC1020 is especially suited for narrow-
band systems with channel spacings of
12.5 or 25 kHz complying with ARIB STD
T-67 and EN 300 220.
The
CC1020 main operating parameters
can be programmed via a serial bus, thus
making
CC1020 a very flexible and easy to
use transceiver.
In a typical system
CC1020 will be used
together with a microcontroller and a few
external passive components.
Features
•True single chip UHF RF transceiver
•Frequency range 402 MHz - 470 MHz
and 804 MHz - 940 MHz
•High sensitivity (up to -118 dBm for a
12.5 kHz channel)
•Programmable output power
•Low current consumption (RX: 19.9
mA)
•Low supply voltage (2.3 V to 3.6 V)
•No external IF filter needed
•Low-IF receiver
•Very few external components required
•Small size (QFN 32 package)
•Pb-free package
•Digital RSSI and carrier sense indicator
•Data rate up to 153.6 kBaud
•OOK, FSK and GFSK data modulation
•Integrated bit synchronizer
•Image rejection mixer
•Programmable frequency and AFC
make crystal temperature drift
compensation possible without TCXO
•Suitable for frequency hopping systems
•Suited for systems targeting
compliance with EN 300 220, FCC
CFR47 part 15 and ARIB STD T-67
•Development kit available
•Easy-to-use software for generating the
CC1020 configuration data
SWRS046B Page 1 of 91

CC1020
Table of Contents
1. Abbreviations................................................................................................................ 4
2. Absolute Maximum Ratings......................................................................................... 5
3. Operating Conditions ................................................................................................... 5
4. Electrical Specifications .............................................................................................. 5
4.1. RF Transmit Section ............................................................................................ 6
4.2. RF Receive Section ............................................................................................. 8
4.3. RSSI / Carrier Sense Section ............................................................................ 11
4.4. IF Section........................................................................................................... 11
4.5. Crystal Oscillator Section................................................................................... 12
4.6. Frequency Synthesizer Section ......................................................................... 13
4.7. Digital Inputs / Outputs....................................................................................... 14
4.8. Current Consumption......................................................................................... 15
5. Pin Assignment........................................................................................................... 15
6. Circuit Description...................................................................................................... 17
7. Application Circuit...................................................................................................... 18
8. Configuration Overview ............................................................................................. 21
8.1. Configuration Software ...................................................................................... 21
9. Microcontroller Interface............................................................................................ 22
9.1. 4-wire Serial Configuration Interface ................................................................. 23
9.2. Signal Interface .................................................................................................. 25
10. Data Rate Programming............................................................................................. 27
11. Frequency Programming ........................................................................................... 28
11.1. Dithering ......................................................................................................... 29
12. Receiver ....................................................................................................................... 30
12.1. IF Frequency .................................................................................................. 30
12.2. Receiver Channel Filter Bandwidth................................................................ 30
12.3. Demodulator, Bit Synchronizer and Data Decision........................................ 31
12.4. Receiver Sensitivity versus Data Rate and Frequency Separation ............... 32
12.5. RSSI ............................................................................................................... 33
12.6. Image Rejection Calibration ........................................................................... 35
12.7. Blocking and Selectivity ................................................................................. 36
12.8. Linear IF Chain and AGC Settings................................................................. 37
12.9. AGC Settling................................................................................................... 38
12.10. Preamble Length and Sync Word .................................................................. 39
12.11. Carrier Sense ................................................................................................. 39
12.12. Automatic Power-up Sequencing................................................................... 40
12.13. Automatic Frequency Control......................................................................... 41
12.14. Digital FM ....................................................................................................... 42
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CC1020
13. Transmitter .................................................................................................................. 43
13.1. FSK Modulation Formats ............................................................................... 43
13.2. Output Power Programming........................................................................... 45
13.3. TX Data Latency............................................................................................. 46
13.4. Reducing Spurious Emission and Modulation Bandwidth.............................. 46
14. Input / Output Matching and Filtering....................................................................... 46
15. Frequency Synthesizer .............................................................................................. 50
15.1. VCO, Charge Pump and PLL Loop Filter....................................................... 50
15.2. VCO and PLL Self-Calibration ....................................................................... 51
15.3. PLL Turn-on Time versus Loop Filter Bandwidth........................................... 52
15.4. PLL Lock Time versus Loop Filter Bandwidth................................................ 53
16. VCO and LNA Current Control .................................................................................. 53
17. Power Management .................................................................................................... 54
18. On-Off Keying (OOK).................................................................................................. 57
19. Crystal Oscillator ........................................................................................................ 58
20. Built-in Test Pattern Generator ................................................................................. 59
21. Interrupt on Pin DCLK ................................................................................................ 60
21.1. Interrupt upon PLL Lock................................................................................. 60
21.2. Interrupt upon Received Signal Carrier Sense .............................................. 60
22. PA_EN and LNA_EN Digital Output Pins ................................................................. 61
22.1. Interfacing an External LNA or PA ................................................................. 61
22.2. General Purpose Output Control Pins............................................................ 61
22.3. PA_EN and LNA_EN Pin Drive...................................................................... 61
23. System Considerations and Guidelines................................................................... 62
24. PCB Layout Recommendations ................................................................................ 64
25. Antenna Considerations ............................................................................................ 65
26. Configuration Registers............................................................................................. 65
26.1. CC1020 Register Overview............................................................................ 66
27. Package Description (QFN 32) .................................................................................. 86
27.1. Package Marking............................................................................................ 87
27.2. Recommended PCB Footprint for Package (QFN 32)................................... 88
27.3. Package Thermal Properties.......................................................................... 88
27.4. Soldering Information ..................................................................................... 88
27.5. Plastic Tube Specification .............................................................................. 89
27.6. Carrier Tape and Reel Specification .............................................................. 89
28. Ordering Information.................................................................................................. 89
29. General Information.................................................................................................... 90
SWRS046B Page 3 of 91

CC1020
1. Abbreviations
ACP Adjacent Channel Power
ACR Adjacent Channel Rejection
ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AMR Automatic Meter Reading
ASK Amplitude Shift Keying
BER Bit Error Rate
BOM Bill Of Materials
bps bits per second
BT Bandwidth-Time product (for GFSK)
ChBW Receiver Channel Filter Bandwidth
CW Continuous Wave
DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
DNM Do Not Mount
ESR Equivalent Series Resistance
FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
FM Frequency Modulation
FS Frequency Synthesizer
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
IC Integrated Circuit
IF Intermediate Frequency
IP3 Third Order Intercept Point
ISM Industrial Scientific Medical
kbps kilo bits per second
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator (in receive mode)
MCU Micro Controller Unit
NRZ Non Return to Zero
OOK On-Off Keying
PA Power Amplifier
PD Phase Detector / Power Down
PER Packet Error Rate
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PN9 Pseudo-random Bit Sequence (9-bit)
PLL Phase Locked Loop
PSEL Program Select
RF Radio Frequency
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
RX Receive (mode)
SBW Signal Bandwidth
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
SRD Short Range Device
TBD To Be Decided/Defined
T/R Transmit/Receive (switch)
TX Transmit (mode)
UHF Ultra High Frequency
VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
VGA Variable Gain Amplifier
XOSC Crystal oscillator
XTAL Crystal
SWRS046B Page 4 of 91

CC1020
2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
The absolute maximum ratings given Table 1 should under no circumstances be violated.
Stress exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the
device.
Parameter Min Max Unit Condition
Supply voltage, VDD -0.3 5.0 V All supply pins must have the
same voltage
Voltage on any pin -0.3 VDD+0.3, max 5.0 V
Input RF level 10 dBm
Storage temperature range -50 150 °C
Package body temperature 260 °C Norm: IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D 1
Humidity non-condensing 5 85 %
ESD
(Human Body Model)
±1
±0.4
kV
kV
All pads except RF
RF Pads
Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings
1The reflow peak soldering temperature (body temperature) is specified according to
IPC/JEDEC J-STD_020D “Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid
State Surface Mount Devices”.
Caution! ESD sensitive device.
Precaution should be used when handling
the device in order to prevent permanent
damage.
3. Operating Conditions
The operating conditions for
CC 020 are listed in Table 2. 1
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
RF Frequency Range 402
804
470
940
MHz
MHz
Programmable in <300 Hz steps
Programmable in <600 Hz steps
Operating ambient temperature range -40 85
°C
Supply voltage 2.3 3.0 3.6 V The same supply voltage should
be used for digital (DVDD) and
analog (AVDD) power.
A 3.0 ±0.1 V supply is
recommended to meet the ARIB
STD T-67 selectivity and output
power tolerance requirements.
Table 2. Operating conditions
4. Electrical Specifications
Table 3 to Table 10 gives the
CC1020 electrical specifications. All measurements were
performed using the 2 layer PCB CC1020EMX reference design. This is the same test circuit
as shown in Figure 3. Temperature = 25°C, supply voltage = AVDD = DVDD = 3.0 V if
nothing else stated. Crystal frequency = 14.7456 MHz.
The electrical specifications given for 868 MHz are also applicable for the 902 - 928 MHz
frequency range.
SWRS046B Page 5 of 91

CC1020
4.1. RF Transmit Section
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
Transmit data rate 0.45 153.6 kBaud The data rate is programmable.
See section 10 on page 27 for
details.
NRZ or Manchester encoding can
be used. 153.6 kBaud equals
153.6 kbps using NRZ coding
and 76.8 kbps using Manchester
coding. See section 9.2 on page
25 for details
Minimum data rate for OOK is 2.4
kBaud
Binary FSK frequency separation
0
0
108
216
kHz
kHz
in 402 - 470 MHz range
in 804 - 940 MHz range
108/216 kHz is the maximum
guaranteed separation at 1.84
MHz reference frequency. Larger
separations can be achieved at
higher reference frequencies.
Output power
433 MHz
868 MHz
-20 to +10
-20 to +5
dBm
dBm
Delivered to 50 Ωsingle-ended
load. The output power is
programmable and should not be
programmed to exceed +10/+5
dBm at 433/868 MHz under any
operating conditions (refer to
CC1020 Errata Note 003). See
section 14 on page 46 for details.
Output power tolerance
-4
+3
dB
dB
At maximum output power
At 2.3 V, +85oC
At 3.6 V, -40oC
Harmonics, radiated CW
2nd harmonic, 433 MHz, +10 dBm
3rd harmonic, 433 MHz, +10 dBm
2nd harmonic, 868 MHz, +5 dBm
3rd harmonic, 868 MHz, +5 dBm
-50
-50
-50
-50
dBc
dBc
dBc
dBc
Harmonics are measured as
EIRP values according to EN 300
220. The antenna (SMAFF-433
and SMAFF-868 from R.W.
Badland) plays a part in
attenuating the harmonics.
Adjacent channel power (GFSK)
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
-46
-52
-49
dBc
dBc
dBc
For 12.5 kHz channel spacing
ACP is measured in a ±4.25 kHz
bandwidth at ±12.5 kHz offset.
Modulation: 2.4 kBaud NRZ PN9
sequence, ±2.025 kHz frequency
deviation.
For 25 kHz channel spacing ACP
is measured in a ±8.5 kHz
bandwidth at ±25 kHz offset.
Modulation: 4.8 kBaud NRZ PN9
sequence, ±2.475 kHz frequency
deviation.
SWRS046B Page 6 of 91

CC1020
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
Occupied bandwidth (99.5%,GFSK)
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
7.5
9.6
9.6
kHz
kHz
kHz
Bandwidth for 99.5% of total
average power.
Modulation for 12.5 channel
spacing: 2.4 kBaud NRZ PN9
sequence, ±2.025 kHz frequency
deviation.
Modulation for 25 kHz channel
spacing: 4.8 kBaud NRZ PN9
sequence, ±2.475 kHz frequency
deviation.
Modulation bandwidth, 868 MHz
19.2 kBaud, ±9.9 kHz frequency
deviation
38.4 kBaud, ±19.8 kHz frequency
deviation
48
106
kHz
kHz
Bandwidth where the power
envelope of modulation equals
-36 dBm. Spectrum analyzer
RBW = 1 kHz.
Spurious emission, radiated CW
47-74, 87.5-118,
174-230, 470-862 MHz
9 kHz - 1 GHz
1 - 4 GHz
-54
-36
-30
dBm
dBm
dBm
At maximum output power,
+10/+5 dBm at 433/868 MHz.
To comply with EN 300 220,
FCC CFR47 part 15 and ARIB
STD T-67 an external (antenna)
filter, as implemented in the
application circuit in Figure 25,
must be used and tailored to
each individual design to reduce
out-of-band spurious emission
levels.
Spurious emissions can be
measured as EIRP values
according to EN 300 220. The
antenna (SMAFF-433 and
SMAFF-868 from R.W. Badland)
plays a part in attenuating the
spurious emissions.
If the output power is increased
using an external PA, a filter must
be used to attenuate spurs below
862 MHz when operating in the
868 MHz frequency band in
Europe. Application Note AN036
CC1020/1021 Spurious Emission
presents and discusses a solution
that reduces the TX mode
spurious emission close to 862
MHz by increasing the REF_DIV
from 1 to 7.
Optimum load impedance
433 MHz
868 MHz
915 MHz
54 + j44
15 + j24
20 + j35
Ω
Ω
Ω
Transmit mode. For matching
details see section 14 on page
46.
Table 3. RF transmit parameters
SWRS046B Page 7 of 91

CC1020
4.2. RF Receive Section
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
Receiver Sensitivity, 433 MHz, FSK
12.5 kHz channel spacing, optimized
selectivity, ±2.025 kHz freq. deviation
12.5 kHz channel spacing, optimized
sensitivity, ±2.025 kHz freq. deviation
25 kHz channel spacing
500 kHz channel spacing
Receiver Sensitivity, 868 MHz, FSK
12.5 kHz channel spacing, ±2.475
kHz freq. deviation
25 kHz channel spacing
500 kHz channel spacing
-114
-118
-112
-96
-116
-111
-94
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
Sensitivity is measured with PN9
sequence at BER = 10-3
12.5 kHz channel spacing:
2.4 kBaud, Manchester coded
data.
25 kHz channel spacing:
4.8 kBaud, NRZ coded data,
±2.475 kHz frequency deviation.
500 kHz channel spacing:
153.6 kBaud, NRZ coded data,
±72 kHz frequency deviation.
See Table 19 and Table 20 for
typical sensitivity figures at other
data rates.
Receiver sensitivity, 433 MHz, OOK
2.4 kBaud
153.6 kBaud
Receiver sensitivity, 868 MHz, OOK
4.8 kBaud
153.6 kBaud
-116
-81
-107
-87
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
Sensitivity is measured with PN9
sequence at BER = 10-3
Manchester coded data.
See Table 27 for typical
sensitivity figures at other data
rates.
Saturation (maximum input level)
FSK and OOK
10 dBm FSK: Manchester/NRZ coded
data
OOK: Manchester coded data
BER = 10-3
System noise bandwidth 9.6
to
307.2
kHz The receiver channel filter 6 dB
bandwidth is programmable from
9.6 kHz to 307.2 kHz. See
section 12.2 on page 30 for
details.
Noise figure, cascaded
433 and 868 MHz 7 dB NRZ coded data
Input IP3
433 MHz, 12.5 kHz channel spacing
868 MHz, 25 kHz channel spacing
-23
-18
-16
-18
-15
-13
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
Two tone test (+10 MHz and +20
MHz)
LNA2 maximum gain
LNA2 medium gain
LNA2 minimum gain
LNA2 maximum gain
LNA2 medium gain
LNA2 minimum gain
SWRS046B Page 8 of 91

CC1020
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
Co-channel rejection, FSK and OOK
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
-11
-11
-11
dB
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, FM jammer (1
kHz sine, ± 2.5 kHz deviation) at
operating frequency,
BER = 10-3
Adjacent channel rejection (ACR)
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
32
37
32
dB
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, FM jammer (1
kHz sine, ± 2.5 kHz deviation) at
adjacent channel. BER = 10-3
Image channel rejection
433/868 MHz
No I/Q gain and phase calibration
I/Q gain and phase calibrated
26/31
49/52
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, CW jammer at
image frequency. BER = 10-3.
Image rejection after calibration
will depend on temperature and
supply voltage. Refer to section
12.6 on page 35.
Selectivity*
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
(*Close-in spurious response
rejection)
41
41
39
dB
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level. CW jammer is
swept in 12.5 kHz/25 kHz steps
to within ± 1 MHz from wanted
channel. BER = 10-3. Adjacent
channel and image channel are
excluded.
Blocking / Desensitization*
433/868 MHz
± 1 MHz
± 2 MHz
± 5 MHz
± 10 MHz
(*Out-of-band spurious response
rejection)
50/57
64/71
64/71
75/78
dB
dB
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, CW jammer at ±
1, 2, 5 and 10 MHz offset.
BER = 10-3. 12.5 kHz/25 kHz
channel spacing at 433/868 MHz.
Complying with EN 300 220,
class 2 receiver requirements.
Image frequency suppression,
433/868 MHz
No I/Q gain and phase calibration
I/Q gain and phase calibrated
36/41
59/62
dB
dB
Ratio between sensitivity for a
signal at the image frequency to
the sensitivity in the wanted
channel. Image frequency is RF-
2 IF. The signal source is a 2.4
kBaud, Manchester coded data,
±2.025 kHz frequency deviation,
signal level for BER = 10-3
Spurious reception 40 dB Ratio between sensitivity for an
unwanted frequency to the
sensitivity in the wanted channel.
The signal source is a 2.4 kBaud,
Manchester coded data, ±2.025
kHz frequency deviation, swept
over all frequencies 100 MHz - 2
GHz. Signal level for BER = 10-3
Intermodulation rejection (1)
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
30
30
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, two CW jammers
at +2Ch and +4Ch where Ch is
channel spacing 12.5 kHz or 25
kHz. BER = 10-2
SWRS046B Page 9 of 91

CC1020
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Condition / Note
Intermodulation rejection (2)
12.5 kHz channel spacing, 433 MHz
25 kHz channel spacing, 868 MHz
56
55
dB
dB
Wanted signal 3 dB above the
sensitivity level, two CW jammers
at +10 MHz and +20 MHz offset.
BER = 10-2
LO leakage, 433/868 MHz <-80/-66 dBm
VCO leakage -64 dBm VCO frequency resides between
1608 - 1880 MHz
Spurious emission, radiated CW
9 kHz - 1 GHz
1 - 4 GHz
<-60
<-60
dBm
dBm
Complying with EN 300 220,
FCC CFR47 part 15 and ARIB
STD T-67.
Spurious emissions can be
measured as EIRP values
according to EN 300 220.
Input impedance
433 MHz
868 MHz
58 - j10
54 - j22
Ω
Ω
Receive mode. See section 14 on
page 46 for details.
Matched input impedance, S11
433 MHz
868 MHz
-14
-12
dB
dB
Using application circuit matching
network. See section 14 on page
46 for details.
Matched input impedance
433 MHz
868 MHz
39 - j14
32 - j10
Ω
Ω
Using application circuit matching
network. See section 14 on page
46 for details.
Bit synchronization offset 8000 ppm The maximum bit rate offset
tolerated by the bit
synchronization circuit for 6 dB
degradation (synchronous modes
only)
Data latency
NRZ mode
Manchester mode
4
8
Baud
Baud
Time from clocking the data on
the transmitter DIO pin until data
is available on receiver DIO pin
Table 4. RF receive parameters
SWRS046B Page 10 of 91