ABB ESI-S General instructions

—
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
Installation, operation and maintenance
instructions

2 Table of contents Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
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Table of contents
1Introduction to this manual............................................................................................................................6
1.1 What this chapter contains...........................................................................................................................6
1.2 Intendedaudience..........................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................6
1.4 Configuration of the Energy Storage System............................................................................................6
1.5 Definition ofmain functionalities related to energystorage.................................................................. 7
1.6 Contents ..........................................................................................................................................................8
2Safety Instructions...........................................................................................................................................9
3Upon Reception................................................................................................................................................11
3.1 What this chapter contains..........................................................................................................................11
3.2 Delivery inspection........................................................................................................................................11
3.3 Unpackinginstructions................................................................................................................................11
3.4 Liftingand transportation guidelines........................................................................................................11
3.5 Identification tag..........................................................................................................................................14
3.6 Storage...........................................................................................................................................................14
4Hardware description....................................................................................................................................15
4.1 What this chapter contains......................................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Typical ESI-S inverter panel layout............................................................................................................. 15
4.3 The ESI current/voltage generatorhardware...........................................................................................17
4.4 The ESI main controller................................................................................................................................ 18
4.5 The ESI-Manager user interface.................................................................................................................20
4.6 Location of themain ESI-Scomponents ..................................................................................................26
4.6.1 Energy storageinverter components.....................................................................................................26
4.6.2 ESI inverter cover components.................................................................................................................31
5Mechanical design and installation.............................................................................................................32
5.1 What this chapter contains......................................................................................................................... 32
5.2 Installation location requirements ............................................................................................................32
5.3 Standard enclosure dimensionsand clearances..................................................................................... 33
5.4 Instructions for mounting the inverter.....................................................................................................34
5.5 Inverter noise level........................................................................................................................................35
5.6 Airflow and cooling requirements .............................................................................................................36
5.7 Instructions for mounting the ESI-Manager in enclosures.................................................................... 37
6Electrical design and installation................................................................................................................39
6.1 What this chapter contains.........................................................................................................................39
6.2 Instructions for connectingthe ESI-Manager toa inverter system.....................................................40
6.3 Checking the insulation of the assembly – earth resistance................................................................. 41
6.4 EMC considerations.....................................................................................................................................41
6.5 Earthing guidelines...................................................................................................................................... 41
6.6 Selection of the power cable size ..............................................................................................................42
6.7 Selection of the power cable protection/inverter input protection scheme.....................................46
6.8 Connection of the ESI-Sto thenetwork...................................................................................................49
6.8.1 Connection of the ESI-S in 3-wire mode.................................................................................................49
6.8.2 Connection of the ESI-S in 4-wire mode.................................................................................................52
6.9 Connection controlthe DCswitch.............................................................................................................53
6.10Connection to make to enable the islanding featureand black start..................................................54
6.11 Selection of the currenttransformers......................................................................................................55
6.12 Current transformerinstallationandconnection...................................................................................57
6.13 Electrical interconnection of ESI-S enclosures........................................................................................59
6.13.1 Mechanical preparation of the enclosures.............................................................................................60
6.13.2Control board cable interconnection......................................................................................................60
6.13.3CT cable interconnection.......................................................................................................................... 61

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Table of contents 3
6.13.4Connection of the power stage to the supply.......................................................................................62
6.14Electricalconnections to the ESI-Manager user interface.....................................................................63
6.14.1Cabling of remote control functionality.................................................................................................65
6.14.2Cabling ofalarm functionality .................................................................................................................66
6.14.3Cabling of warning functionality..............................................................................................................71
6.14.4Cablingofthe digital output contacts to monitor other inverter operation modesthanwarnings
and alarms............................................................................................................................................................. 73
6.14.5Cablingof main/auxiliary control functionality.................................................................................... 73
6.14.6Implementation of local start/stop buttons.........................................................................................75
6.15 Electricalconnections of inverter optionsandaccessories.................................................................. 77
6.15.1External communication with ESI...........................................................................................................78
6.15.2Connection of the Modbus adapter........................................................................................................79
7The ESI-Manager user interface...................................................................................................................80
7.1 What this chapter contains.........................................................................................................................80
7.2 ESI-Manager user interface description...................................................................................................80
7.3 ESI-Manager overview and navigation......................................................................................................81
7.4 Iconsand main screen.................................................................................................................................81
7.5 TheESI-Manager behavior during inverterinitialization........................................................................89
7.6 The ESI-Manager lockingfacilities.............................................................................................................90
7.7 The ESI start, stopand fault acknowledgement menu .......................................................................... 91
7.8 The ‘Measurements’ menu..........................................................................................................................93
7.8.1 The ‘Overview’ menu..................................................................................................................................93
7.8.2 The ‘System values’ menu.........................................................................................................................95
7.8.3 The ‘Min-Max logging’ menu...................................................................................................................101
7.9 The ‘Settings’ menu....................................................................................................................................103
7.9.1 The ‘Batteryoperation’ menu ................................................................................................................104
7.9.2 The ‘Customer settings’ menu...............................................................................................................105
7.9.3 The ‘Commissioning’menu.....................................................................................................................115
7.9.4 The ‘Installation settings’ menu............................................................................................................ 129
7.9.5 Set Language............................................................................................................................................134
7.10 The ‘ESI monitoring’ menu........................................................................................................................ 135
7.10.1 The ‘Status of module’ menu................................................................................................................. 135
7.10.2The ‘Inverter load’ menu ......................................................................................................................... 136
7.10.3The ‘Event logging’ menu.......................................................................................................................136
7.10.4The ‘Active warnings’ menu.....................................................................................................................141
7.10.5The ‘Numberof errors’ menu................................................................................................................. 142
7.10.6The ‘ESI operation’...................................................................................................................................142
7.11 The ‘User Interface menu ..........................................................................................................................143
7.11.1 Manufacturer setting.............................................................................................................................. 143
7.11.2 About ESI...................................................................................................................................................143
7.11.3 Screen configuration...............................................................................................................................144
7.11.4 Communication........................................................................................................................................145
8Commissioning instructions......................................................................................................................153
8.1 What this chapter contains....................................................................................................................... 153
8.2 Step 1: Visual and installationcheck........................................................................................................154
8.3 Step 2: Setting the address of eachunit ina multi-unit inverter andterminate the CAN bus.......154
8.4 Step 3: Voltage rating check/adaptation and phase rotation check..................................................157
8.5 Step 4: Basic commissioning parameters set up (using ESI-Manager).............................................158
8.6 Step 5: Automatic and manual CT detection procedure (ifrequired)................................................160
8.6.1 Automatic CT detection procedure......................................................................................................160
8.6.2 Manual CT detection procedure.............................................................................................................161
8.7 Step 6: Before startingthe inverter.........................................................................................................166

4 Table of contents Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
8.8 Step 7: Start the system............................................................................................................................ 167
8.9 Step 8: Generate inverter load..................................................................................................................168
8.10 Step 9: Set up the user requirements......................................................................................................168
8.11 Commissioning report................................................................................................................................171
8.11.1 Inverter identification..............................................................................................................................172
8.11.2 Inspection onsite – verification of the inverterafter installation....................................................173
8.11.3 Programming............................................................................................................................................ 174
8.11.4Testing (with load)....................................................................................................................................175
8.11.5Programmed parameters....................................................................................................................... 176
8.11.6Comments................................................................................................................................................. 178
9Operating instructions................................................................................................................................179
9.1 What this chapter contains....................................................................................................................... 179
9.2 Starting andstopping the inverter..........................................................................................................180
9.2.1 Starting theinverter with the ESI-Manager.........................................................................................180
9.2.2 Stopping the inverter with the ESI-Manager....................................................................................... 183
9.3 Modifyingthe user requirements............................................................................................................184
9.3.1 Activeandreactive power targets........................................................................................................184
9.3.2 Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT)......................................................................................................... 185
9.3.3 Islanding....................................................................................................................................................186
9.3.4 Black Start (optional): .............................................................................................................................189
9.3.5 Individual power control (optional): .....................................................................................................189
9.4 Modifyingthe user requirements............................................................................................................190
9.5 Changingthesystem temperatureunit andESI-Manager backlighting...........................................190
9.6 Consulting inverter measurements.........................................................................................................190
9.7 Consulting inverter statistics and manufacturer data..........................................................................191
9.8 Inverter behavior on fault –retrievingerrorinformation......................................................................191
10 Maintenance instructions...........................................................................................................................194
10.1 What this chapter contains.......................................................................................................................194
10.2 Maintenanceintervals................................................................................................................................194
10.3 Standard maintenance procedure...........................................................................................................195
10.3.1Step 1: Check the ambient temperatureconditions.......................................................................... 195
10.3.2Step 2: Record the inverter operating status......................................................................................195
10.3.3Step 3: Shut the system down............................................................................................................... 195
10.3.4Step 4: Inspectand clean the inverter..................................................................................................196
10.3.5Step 5: Check the condition of theunit contactors and fuses.........................................................196
10.3.6Step 6: Check the tightness ofthe electricaland mechanical connections...................................196
10.3.7Step7: Correct anyabnormalconditions found.................................................................................196
10.3.8Step 8: Restart the system.....................................................................................................................196
10.4Fan replacement......................................................................................................................................... 197
10.5 DC capacitor change..................................................................................................................................198
10.6 DC capacitor reforming.............................................................................................................................198
10.7 Servicingreport..........................................................................................................................................198
10.7.1 Inverter identification.............................................................................................................................199
10.7.2Standard maintenance procedure........................................................................................................200
10.7.3Special service actions............................................................................................................................201
10.7.4Comments.................................................................................................................................................202
11 Troubleshooting guide................................................................................................................................203
11.1 What this chapter contains.......................................................................................................................203
11.2 Fault treatment procedure .......................................................................................................................203
11.3 Spare part list for normal and dedicatedinverter servicing................................................................206
11.4 Troubleshooting guide..............................................................................................................................206
11.4.1 Verification of the ESI-Manager status and the system LEDs..........................................................206

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Table of contents 5
11.4.2 Fault tracing..............................................................................................................................................207
12 Technical specifications..............................................................................................................................219
12.1 What this chapter contains....................................................................................................................... 219
12.2 Technical specifications............................................................................................................................ 219

6 Introduction Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
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1Introduction to this manual
1.1 What this chapter contains
This chapter gives basic information on this manual.
1.2 Intended audience
This manual is intended for all people that are involved in integrating, installing,
operating and/or maintaining the ESI-S inverter range products. People involved in the
integration, installation and maintenance of the equipment are expected to know the
standard electrical wiring practices, electronic components and electrical schematic
symbols. End users should focus on the Operating instructions (Cf. Chapter 9) and
Maintenance instructions (Cf. Chapter 10) of this manual.
1.3 Compatibility
The manual is compatible with all inverters of the ESI range with ESI-Manager software
the following versions or higher.
−V1 : V26 r3001
−V2 : V11 r23
−V3 : V2 r0
−V4 : V0.1 r8
The ratings in the present manual are given in kVA based on a 400V network and are
given also in Amps. The current ratings are not changing with the network voltage.
1.4 Configuration of the Energy Storage System
The ESI has been designed to work together with a master controller that is managing
the complete system. The master controller is taking care of the communication to the
Battery Management System, to the ESI and to the user. The Battery Management
System (BMS) is the device ensuring that the battery is used in such a way that the
battery is not damaged.
If a direct communication to the BMS is required, please contact your ABB service
provider.

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Introduction 7
ESS Main
controller
ESI BMS
User system
(SCADA,…)
Battery
Figure 1- system overview
1.5 Definition of main functionalities related to energy storage
The use of these functionalities is described in Chapter 9.
−Islanding: the islanding mode is a network configuration where some loads and
generation devices are disconnected from the main grid and working
independently. In this configuration, the Energy Storage System (ESS) is acting
as the voltage reference for the complete island. In order to use this feature, an
UPS is required, information is given in Chapter 6.
Loads:
- Three-phase
- Single-phase
Generation:
- Wind
turbines
- Solar panels
ESS
Supply Island
Islanding
contactor
We distinguish two types of islanding:
•Intentional: The BESS receives the order from the main controller/user to
disconnect itself (and the loads) from the grid. The system reconnects the
island to the grid when it receives the signal from the main controller.
•Unintentional: the BESS detects that there is a voltage outage and stops.
−Black-start (optional): this feature allows the ESS to start when the grid is not
present. In this case also an UPS is required.
−Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT):
It is required in case of LVRT to remain connected to the grid and to support if possible
the fault in order to clear it as fast as possible. In order to use this feature, a UPS is

8 Introduction Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
required. The curve that is followed by the ESI is shown below. A complete description is
given in Chapter 9.
Voltage
Time
Time delay 1 Time delay 2
Voltage
level 1
Voltage
level 2
Nominal
voltage
Figure 2 LVRT description
−3ph individual power control (optional):
Once this feature is activated, the inverter is able to receive 6 different power targets.
Eachphase receives its own active and reactive power targets independently from the 2
other phases. However, this configuration is available only in 4W mode.
1.6 Contents
−Chapter 1: Introduction to this manual
−Chapter 2: Safety instructions
−Chapter 3: Upon reception
−Chapter 4: Hardware description
−Chapter 5: Mechanical design and installation
−Chapter 6: Electrical design and installation
−Chapter 7: The ESI-Manager user interface
−Chapter 8: Commissioning instructions
−Chapter 9: Operating instructions
−Chapter 10: Maintenance instructions
−Chapter 11: Troubleshooting guide
−Chapter 12: Technical specifications

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Safety instructions 9
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2Safety Instructions
These safety instructions are intended for all work on the ESI-S. Neglecting these
instructions can cause physical injury and death. All electrical installation and
maintenance work on the ESI-S should be carried out by qualified electricians. Do not
attempt to work on a powered ESI-S.
After switching off the supply to the ESI-S, always wait for at least 25 minutes before
working on the unit in order to allow the discharge of DC capacitors through the
discharge resistors. Always verify by measurementthat the capacitors havedischarged.
DC capacitors may becharged to more than 800 Vdc.
Before manipulating current transformers, make sure that the secondary is short-
circuited. Never open the secondary of a loaded current transformer.
You must always wear isolating gloves and eye-protection when working on electrical
installations. Alsomake sure that all local safety regulations are fulfilled.
DANGER: To ensuresafe access, suppliesto each individual enclosure must be isolated
before opening.
WARNING: This equipment contains capacitors that are connected between phase and
earth. A leakage current will flow during normal operation. Therefore, a good earth
connection is essential and must be properly connected before applying power to the
inverter.
WARNING: There are AC capacitors & DC capacitors connected inside this inverter.
Before performing any maintenance work, please short and ground the three line
terminals. The DC capacitor needs 25 mins to discharge after disconnection. Please
wait for this duration before touching any live parts, even after discharging the AC
capacitors, to avoid electrical shock. Never discharge DC capacitors through short
circuit. Always use a current limiting resistor of minimum 100Ω.
WARNING: To avoid electrical shock due to residual voltage on the capacitors, the left
side cover of the inverter should not be removed once the system is commissioned.

10 Safety instructions Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
WARNING: If the ground is not done properly, under certain fault conditions in the unit
or in the system to which it is connected it can result in full line voltage between
chassis and earth ground. Severe injury or death can result if the chassis and earth
ground are touched simultaneously.
WARNING: The neutral current in an ESI-S inverter may be as high as 3 times the line
current hence do not use a 4 pole breaker to connect this type of inverter as the rating
of the neutral pole may not be adequate.

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Upon reception 11
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3Upon Reception
3.1 What this chapter contains
This chapter gives basic information onhow toinspect, transport, identify andstore the
ESI-S inverter.
3.2 Delivery inspection
Each ESI-S is delivered in a box designed to protect adequately the equipment during
shipment. Upon reception of the equipment, make sure that the packing is in good
condition. Verify the state of the shock and tilting indicators (if mounted on the
enclosure or on the inverter panels).
3.3 Unpacking instructions
Figure 3: ESI-S packing material opened
After removal of thetop cover, check visually the exterior and interior of your inverter for
transportation damage.
Your inverter equipment comes with a package. Verify that all items are present, i.e.:
−USB storage device containing this manual the electrical drawing
−the rubber seal to cover a knock-out (to be used for multi-unit operation)
−the communication cable needed for multi-unit operation
−the two eyebolts
Any loss or damage should be notified immediately to your ABB representative.
Note: you will also receive a separate box containing AC and DC protection devices which
should be installed as per instructions provided elsewhere in this document.
3.4 Lifting and transportation guidelines
Please note that inverter equipment weighs approximately 130 kilograms. Care should
be taken to ensure that correct handling facilities are used.
In order to transport the equipment use a forklift or similar equipment. ESI-S enclosures
are best transported horizontally.

12 Upon reception Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
Table 1: Maximum allowed ambient conditions duringtransportation
Transportation (in the protected package)
Temperature -25 to 70°C (-13to 158°F)
Relative humidity Max. 95%
Contamination levels
(IEC 60731-3-3)
Chemical class 3C3
(a)
Mechanical class 3S3(b)
Remarks:
(a) Locations with normal levelsof contaminants, experienced in urban areas with industrial
activities scattered over the wholearea,or with heavy traffic.Also applies to locations
with immediate neighborhood of industrial sourceswith chemical emissions.
(b) Locations without special precautions to minimizethe presence of sand or dust. Also
applies to locations in close proximity tosand or dust sources.
In order to lift the equipment once it is at the installation location:
−Remove the top cover of the protecting box (see Figure 3).
−Remove the 4 panel securing screws at the bottom and the top of the enclosure
(see Figure 4)
Bottom side Top side
Figure 4: Locating the 4 panel securing screws
−Remove first the right side of the protective cover and put it aside (see Figure 5).
Figure 5: Lifting the right protective cover andputtingit aside

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Upon reception 13
−UnplugtheESI-Managerfromthemainsystem(seeFigure6). Thentheprotective
cover can be safely put aside.
Figure6: UnpluggingtheESI-Manager from themain system
−Removethetwoscrewsfixingtheinverterunittothewooden support(see Figure
7).
Right side Bottom
Figure 7: Position of the inverter fixation screwsthat need to be removed
−Fix the two eyebolts provided with the inverter (see Figure 8).
Figure 8: Fix the eyebolts before lifting the ESI-S

14 Upon reception Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
−Fix an appropriate lifting device to the eyebolts to lift the inverter from the
wooden support. It can then be positioned at the desired location (see Figure 9).
Figure 9: Liftingan ESI-S unit by usingthe lifting lugs
3.5 Identification tag
Each ESI-S is fitted with nameplates for identification purposes.
The inverternameplate is locatedat the topleft of the master panel door, at the outside.
The nameplate information should always remain readable to ensure proper
identification during the life of the inverter. The main inverter nameplate includes the
inverter type, the nominal voltage range and frequency as well as a serial number and an
ABB internal article code.
3.6 Storage
If your ESI-S is not installed once unpacked, itshould be stored in a clean indoor, dry,
dust free and non-corrosive environment. The storage temperature must be between
-25°C (-13°F) and 70°C (158°F) with a maximum relative humidity of 95%, non-
condensing.
Table 2: Maximum allowedambient conditions for storage
Storage (in the protected package)
Temperature -25 to 70°C (-13to 158°F)
Relative humidity Max. 85%
Contamination levels
(IEC 60721-3-3)
Chemical class 3C3
(a)
Mechanical class 3S3(b)
Remarks:
(a) Locations with normal levels ofcontaminants, experienced inurban areas with industrial
activities scattered over the wholearea, orwith heavy traffic.
(b) Locations without special precautionsto minimize the presence of sand or dust. Also
applies to locations in close proximity tosand or dust sources.

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Hardware description 15
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4Hardware description
4.1 What this chapter contains
This chapter describes a typical ESI-Ssystem and discusses its maincomponents.
4.2 Typical ESI-S inverter panel layout
The ESI-Sinverter is basically composed of two parts (Figure 10):
−An inverter controller that is receiving the system information and adapt the
current or voltage output based on them. For some features that aredescribed
inChapter 6,measurement of the line currents (network current) through current
transformers (CT’s) are required. The CT’s are provided by the customer. The CTs
must be connected upstream of the connection point of the inverter and the
loads. The user enters his requirements by means of the ESI-Manager user
interface. This device also acts as the user’s connection point for the
alarm/warning contacts, the remote control functionality, the other digital input
functionality and the interface for external communication.
−A current/voltage generator (power unit) that converts the control signals
generated by the inverter controller into the inverter current or voltage. The
current/voltage generator is connected in parallel with the load(s). Up to four
power units may be connected in parallel in one f inverter system. The
enclosure(s)containingtheinverterGUIcontrollerarereferredtoas masterunits.
The other enclosures are referred to as the slave units. In an ESI-S system more
than one master unit can be present for redundancy purpose.
Loads:
- Three-phase
- Single-phase
Generation:
- Wind turbines
- Solar panels
ESI-S Main
controller
ESIManager
Current or
voltage
generator
Measurment
board
345
1 2
7
68
Supply
Figure 10: ESI-S schematic overviewwith user connections

16 Hardware description Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
The user connection description is given in Table 3.
Table 3: User connections for ESI-S
Item User connections Connection requirement
1 CTconnections Not mandatory
2Power cable connectionto thesupply (including neutral
connection if 4-wire operation is desired) Mandatory
3 Programmable digital outputs (warnings…) Not mandatory
4
Remote control contact connection or/and
local on/offbuttons or/and
main/auxiliary settings control
Not mandatory
5PQF-Link – Modbus RTU – Modbus TCP communication
connection Not mandatory
6 Earth connections from the enclosure to installation earth Mandatory
7 Batteryconnection Mandatory
8 Voltage measurement Not mandatory
Mandatory connections are connections that must be present to make the inverter
operational. Connections that are not mandatory can be made to enhance the inverter’s
basic functionality.
For more information on cabling the user connections, please refer to Chapter 6.
Figure 11 shows a typical ESI-S master inverter panel.
6 2
1 3
5
Figure 11: Example of a typical ESI-S master inverter panel
The input/output connections and protectiondescription is given in Table 4.
Table 4: Input/Output connections
Item Input/Output connections
1CT connection terminals
2Main power connection

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Hardware description 17
3Auxiliary fuse protection
4ESI-Manager user interface withconnection terminals for user I/O (e.g.alarm
contact) andcommunication interfaces
5Neutral connection
6Batteryconnection
Up to 8 ESI-S master panels can be connected in parallel providing full redundancy to the
customer.
In addition to using master panels only, ESI-S units can be connected in a master-slave
arrangement.
4.3 The ESI current/voltage generator hardware
The power circuit of an ESI-S unit is represented hereafter.
Preload
circuit
IGBT
inverter
N
LAC power supply
1
2
9
7
5
6
8
Output
filter
43
Figure 12: Power circuit diagram of an ESI-Sinverter
The description of the main components is given in Table 5.
Table 5: Maincomponents ofan ESI-S inverter
Item Main components
1IGBT inverter
2DC bus capacitors
3PWMreactor
4Output inverter

18 Hardware description Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
5Preloadresistor
6Main contactor
7Auxiliary fuses
8Neutral cable connection (notmandatory)
9Batteryconnection
The current generator is physically organized in power units. Each unit enclosure
contains one power unit. An ESI-S inverter can contain up to 4 power units. Power units
can be combined in a master-slave arrangement, or in a master-master arrangement,
the latter giving full operational redundancy. The current rating of different units must
be of the same rating. Please refer to Chapter 12 for more information on the possible
unit ratings.
In Figure 12 it may be seen that each current generator consists of an IGBT-inverter
bridge (1) that is controlled using PWM-switching technology. Information from the
controller is sent to the IGBTs through one flat cable. At the output of the inverter a
voltage waveform is generated which contains the desired spectral components
(imposed by the inverter controller) as well as high frequency noise (due to the IGBT
switching technology). Coupling impedance consisting of a reactor (3) and a high
frequency rejection inverter (4) ensures that the useful voltage components are
converted into a useful current while the high frequency noise is absorbed. The IGBT-
inverter is equipped with DC capacitors that act as energy storage reservoirs (2).
Thebatteryisconnected(9)ontheDCcapacitors(4)oftheinverter.Thepreloadofthese
DC capacitors is done thanks to the grid. This avoid inrush current coming from the
battery.
All units contain a DCcapacitorspreloadingresistor(5) which chargestheDCcapacitors
up to the peak AC voltage once the auxiliary fuse box of the unit(s) is closed. This
approachensuresasmoothinverterstart-upwithoutexcessiveinrushcurrentsfromthe
grid. Later in the start-up sequence the IGBT switching pattern will charge more the DC
capacitors in order to reach the battery voltage and ensure a connection to the battery
without inrush currents.
In ESS system containing more than one power unit the control information between
different units passes through a CAN control cable.
If a master-master configuration of inverter is chosen, all power units incorporate an
ESI-Manager display. If a master-slave configuration of inverter is chosen, only the
master enclosurecontains an ESI-Manager display.
4.4 The ESI main controller
The ESI main controller controls the complete inverter system. Its tasks include:
−Accepting and executing customer requests to stop and start the equipment;
−Calculating and generating IGBT-inverter control references based on the user
requirements and line current measurements ;

Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S Hardware description 19
−Interfacing to the IGBT-inverters;
−The measurement of system voltages and currents for control, protection and
presentation purposes.
Figure 13 depicts the controller interface diagram of the ESI-S inverter.
Touch-screen
interface ESI-
Manager ESI main controller ESI Power stage
Measurement
board
Modbus & PQ-
link interface
Programmable
Digital I/O
CT signals 3~ AC
out
DC out
(battery
connection)
ESI-
Manager ESI main controller ESI Power stage
Measurement
board 3~ AC
out
DC out
(battery
connection)
CT signals
CAN
communication
Interface to system
controller or to user
Master unitSlave unit
Figure 13: Controller interface diagram of the ESI-S
When the inverter consists of a master unit only, the customer has to:
−Wire the CT signals (on a designated terminal) if required,
−Connect the AC power lines (with or without neutral),
−Connect the DC power line,
−Connect the control of the DC contactor
−Connect the voltage measurement and islanding contactor control if required
−Setuptheinstallationparametersanduser’srequirementswiththe ESI-Manager.
He may also want to wire the communication interface (Modbus or Ethernet) and the
programmable digital I/O(e.g. alarm contact, remote control).
When a second unit is added, it is connected to the first enclosure by means of a CAN
bus communication link (1). In addition, the CT measurements have to be supplied to
each unit, e.g. through a daisy chain link with return path if power quality features are
used.
All units have their own AC-connection and main contactor protection.
All units have their own DC connection and DC contactor.

20 Hardware description Manual Energy Storage Inverter ESI-S
An ESI-S inverter system consists of up to 4 units of equal rating. Additional units to the
first master unit may be master or slave units. Slave units do not have an ESI-Manager.
4.5 The ESI-Manager user interface
All user interaction with the inverter is channeled through the ESI-Manager.
In multi-unit system consisting of only one master, only the master has an ESI-Manager.
In multi-unit system consisting of more than one master, all the master units have an
ESI-Manager. However, only the ESI-Manager that is connected to the master unit which
has the overall control will be active. The ESI-Manager installed on the units operating as
"slaves" are capable of displaying the relevant information about that specific unit only.
Certain parameters which are specific to that unit (e.g. related to temperature probes)
can be set or changed locally using the ESI-Manager installed on that unit. The ESI-
Manager on the master unit has a "unit selection" button which allows the user to
select theunitnumber whichhewantsto consult. The datathen displayed onthemaster
ESI-Manager is specific to that particular unit number. This unit selection button is
"deactivated" on theslave Managers. Figure 14 shows the front side of the ESI-Manager.
Figure 14: Front side oftheESI-Manager
Five main partscan be distinguished (see Table 6)
Table 6: Front side ofthe ESI-Manager
Item Description
1
Menu display
By navigating through the menus with the , , and
buttons, the inverter can be set-up and controlled.On-line help is available by
pressingthe button.
2Master/slavesunits monitor