Agilent Technologies 85056A Manual

User’s and Service Guide
Agilent Technologies 85056A
2.4 mm Precision Calibration Kit
Agilent Part Number: 85056-90020
Printed in USA
Print Date: May 2004
Supersedes: January 2002
© Copyright 1996, 2000, 2002, 2004 Agilent Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.

ii
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iii
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iv

Contents
85056A v
1. General Information
Calibration Kit Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Broadband Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Offset Opens and Shorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Sliding Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Compatible Network Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Equipment Required but Not Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Recording the Device Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Clarifying the Sex of Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
2. Specifications
Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Temperature—What to Watch Out For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Pin Depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6
3. Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
What Causes Connector Wear?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Inspect Female Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
Gaging Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Connector Gage Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
When to Gage Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Gaging Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Gaging 2.4 mm Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Gaging the 2.4 mm Sliding Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Adjusting the Sliding Load Pin Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
How to Make a Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
Preliminary Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
Connecting the Sliding Load. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-17
How to Separate a Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-18
Using the Sliding Load. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-19
Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-20
4. Performance Verification

vi 85056A
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
How Agilent Verifies the Devices in Your Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
How Often to Recertify. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
Where to Send a Kit for Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
5. Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Contacting Agilent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
6. Replaceable Parts
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
A. Standard Definitions
Version Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2
Standard Class Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3
Blank Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-7
Nominal Standard Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-11
Setting the System Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-11
Blank Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-15

1-1
1General Information

1-2 85056A
General Information
Calibration Kit Overview
Calibration Kit Overview
The Agilent 85056A 2.4 mm calibration kit is used to calibrate Agilent network analyzers
up to 50 GHz for measurements of components with 2.4 mm connectors.
Kit Contents
The 85056A calibration kit includes the following items:
• offset opens and shorts
• broadband and sliding load terminations
• 2.4 mm adapters
• 2.4 mm gage sets
• 5/16 in, 90 N-cm (8 in-lb) torque wrench
• 7 mm open-end wrench
• data disks that contain the calibration definitions of the devices in the calibration kit
Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for a complete list of kit contents and their
associated part numbers.
Broadband Loads
The broadband loads are metrology-grade, 50Ωterminations that have been optimized for
performance up to 50 GHz. The rugged internal structure provides for highly repeatable
connections. A distributed resistive element on sapphire provides excellent stability and
return loss.
Offset Opens and Shorts
The offset opens and shorts are built from parts that are machined to the current
state-of-the-art in precision machining.
The offset short’s inner conductors have a one-piece construction, common with the
shorting plane. The construction provides for extremely repeatable connections.
The offset opens have inner conductors that are supported by a strong,
low-dielectric-constant plastic to minimize compensation values.
Both the opens and shorts are constructed so that the pin depth can be controlled very
tightly, thereby minimizing phase errors. The lengths of the offsets in the opens and shorts
are designed so that the difference in phase of their reflection coefficients is approximately
180 degrees at all frequencies.
Adapters
Like the other devices in the kit, the adapters are built to very tight tolerances to provide
good broadband performance and to ensure stable, repeatable connections.
The adapters are designed so that their nominal electrical lengths are the same, allowing
them to be used in calibration procedures for non-insertable devices.

85056A 1-3
General Information
Incoming Inspection
Sliding Loads
The sliding loads in this kit are designed to provide excellent performance from 4 GHz to
50 GHz. The inner and outer conductors of the airline portion are precision machined to
state-of-the-art tolerances. Although the sliding load has exceptional return loss, its
superior load stability qualifies it as a high-performance device.
The sliding load was designed with the ability to extend the inner conductor for connection
purposes and then pull it back to a preset pin depth. This feature is critical since it
minimizes the possibility of damage during connection, while maintaining a minimum pin
depth to optimize performance.
Compatible Network Analyzers
The 85056A calibration kits are intended to be used with the following Agilent network
analyzers:
• 872xSeries
• 8753 family
•PNASeries
If this calibration kit is used with other analyzers, the calibration definitions must be
manually entered into the analyzer. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide or
embedded help system for instructions.
Options
The following option is available for the 85056A:
Option 910
This option adds an additional copy of the user’s and service guide (this manual).
Equipment Required but Not Supplied
Connector cleaning supplies and various electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices
are not supplied with the calibration kit but are required to ensure successful operation of
the kit. Refer to Table 6-2 on page 6-3 for ordering information.
Incoming Inspection
Verify that the shipment is complete by referring to Table 6-1.
Check for damage. The foam-lined storage case provides protection during shipping. Verify
that this case and its contents are not damaged.
If the case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact
Agilent Technologies. See page 5-4 for contact information. Agilent will arrange for repair
or replacement of incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for a settlement from
the transportation company.

1-4 85056A
General Information
Incoming Inspection
When you send the kit or device to Agilent, include a service tag (found near the end of this
manual) with the following information:
• your company name and address
• the name of a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete
phone number
• the model number and serial number of the kit
• the part number and serial number of the device
• the type of service required
•adetailed description of the problem

85056A 1-5
General Information
Recording the Device Serial Numbers
Recording the Device Serial Numbers
In addition to the kit serial number, the devices in the kit are individually serialized (serial
numbers are labeled onto the body of each device). Record these serial numbers in
Table 1-1. Recording the serial numbers will prevent confusing the devices in this kit with
similar devices from other kits.
The adapters included in the kit are for measurement convenience only and are not
serialized.
Clarifying the Sex of Connectors
In this document and in the prompts of the PNA calibration wizard, the sex of cable
connectors and adapters is referred to in terms of the center conductor. For example, a
connector or device designated as 1.85 mm –f– has a 1.85 mm female center conductor.
8510-series, 872x, and 875x ONLY: In contrast, during a measurement calibration, the
network analyzer softkey menus label a 1.85 mm calibration device with reference to the
sex of the analyzer’s test port connector—not the calibration device connector. For example,
the label SHORT(F) refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test port. This
Table 1-1 Serial Number Record for the 85056A
Device Serial Number
Calibration kit
Male open
Female open
Male short
Female short
Male broadband load
Female broadband load
Male sliding load
Female sliding load
Male-to-male 2.4 mm adapter
Male-to-female 2.4 mm adapter
Female-to-female 2.4 mm adapter
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________

1-6 85056A
General Information
Preventive Maintenance
will be a male short from the calibration kit.
A connector gage is referred to in terms of the connector that it measures. For instance, a
male connector gage has a female connector on the gage so that it can measure male
devices.
Preventive Maintenance
The best techniques for maintaining the integrity of the devices in the kit include:
• routine visual inspection
• cleaning
• proper gaging
• proper connection techniques
All of these are described in Chapter 3. Failure to detect and remove dirt or metallic
particles on a mating plane surface can degrade repeatability and accuracy and can
damage any connector mated to it. Improper connections, resulting from pin depth values
being out of the observed limits (see Table 2-2 on page 2-4), or from bad connection
techniques, can also damage these devices.
Table 1-2 Clarifying the Sex of Connectors: Examples
Terminology Meaning
Short –f– Female short (female center conductor)
Short (f) Male short (male center conductor) to be connected to female port

2-1
2Specifications

2-2 85056A
Specifications
Environmental Requirements
Environmental Requirements
Temperature—What to Watch Out For
Changes in temperature can affect electrical characteristics. Therefore, the operating
temperature is a critical factor in performance. During a measurement calibration, the
temperature of the calibration devices must be stable and within the range shown in
Table 2-1.
IMPORTANT Avoid unnecessary handling of the devices during calibration because your
fingers are a heat source.
Table 2-1 Environmental Requirements
Parameter Limits
Temperature
Operatinga
a. The temperature range over which the calibration standards maintain conformance to their
specifications.
+20 °C to +26 °C
Storage −40 °C to +75 °C
Error-corrected rangeb
b. The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during measurement calibration
and during measurements when the network analyzer error correction is turned on. Also, the
range over which the network analyzer maintains its specified performance while correction
is turned on.
± 1 °C of measurement calibration temperature
Altitude
Operating < 4,500 meters (≈15,000 feet)
Storage < 15,000 meters (≈50,000 feet)
Relative humidity Always non-condensing
Operating 0 to 80% (26 °C maximum dry bulb)
Storage 0 to 90%

85056A 2-3
Specifications
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical characteristics such as center conductor protrusion and pin depth are not
performance specifications. They are, however, important supplemental characteristics
related to electrical performance. Agilent Technologies verifies the mechanical
characteristics of the devices in the kit with special gaging processes and electrical testing.
This ensures that the device connectors do not exhibit any center conductor protrusion or
improper pin depth when the kit leaves the factory.
“Gaging Connectors” on page 3-7 explains how to use gages to determine if the kit devices
have maintained their mechanical integrity. Refer to Table 2-2 on page 2-4 for typical and
observed pin depth limits.
Pin Depth
Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with
the outer conductor mating plane. See Figure 2-1. The pin depth of a connector can be in
one of two states: either protruding or recessed.
Protrusion is the condition in which the center conductor extends beyond the outer
conductor mating plane. This condition will indicate a positive value on the connector gage.
Recession is the condition in which the center conductor is set back from the outer
conductor mating plane. This condition will indicate a negative value on the connector
gage.
Figure 2-1 Connector Pin Depth

2-4 85056A
Specifications
Mechanical Characteristics
The pin depth value of each calibration device in the kit is not specified, but is an
important mechanical parameter. The electrical performance of the device depends, to
some extent, on its pin depth. The electrical specifications for each device in the kit take
into account the effect of pin depth on the device’s performance. Table 2-2 lists the typical
pin depths and measurement uncertainties, and provides observed pin depth limits for the
devices in the kit. If the pin depth of a device does not measure within the observed pin
depth limits, it may be an indication that the device fails to meet electrical specifications.
Refer to Figure 2-1 on page 2-3 for a visual representation of proper pin depth (slightly
recessed).
Table 2-2 Pin Depth Limits
Device Typical Pin Depth Measurement Uncertaintya
a. Approximately +2 sigma to −2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies done at the
factory according to recommended procedures.
Observed Pin Depth Limitsb
b. Observed pin depth limits are the range of observation limits seen on the gage reading due
to measurement uncertainty. The depth could still be within specifications.
Opens 0 to −0.0127 mm
0 to −0.00050 in
+0.0030 to −0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to −0.00012 in
+0.0030 to −0.0157 mm
+0.00012 to −0.00062 in
Shorts 0 to −0.0127 mm
0 to −0.00050 in
+0.0015 to −0.0015 mm
+0.00006 to −0.00006 in
+0.0015 to −0.0142 mm
+0.00006 to −0.00056 in
Fixed loads −0.0025 to −0.0203 mm
−0.00010 to −0.00080 in
+0.0030 to −0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to −0.00012 in
+0.0005 to −0.0234 mm
+0.00002 to −0.00092 in
Sliding loads 0 to −0.0127 mm
0 to −0.00050 in
+0.0015 to −0.0015 mm
+0.00006 to −0.00006 in
+0.0015 to −0.0142 mm
+0.00006 to −0.00056 in
Adapters 0 to −0.0381 mm
0 to −0.00150 in
+0.0030 to −0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to −0.00012 in
+0.0030 to −0.0411 mm
+0.00012 to −0.00162 in

85056A 2-5
Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications
The electrical specifications in Table 2-3 apply to the devices in your calibration kit when
connected with an Agilent precision interface.
Table 2-3 Electrical Specifications for 85056A 2.4 mm Devices
Device Specification Frequency (GHz)
Broadband loads Return loss ≥ 42 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.00794) dc to ≤4
(male and female) Return loss ≥ 34 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.01995) > 4 to ≤20
Return loss ≥ 30 dB (ρ ≤ 0.03162) > 20 to ≤ 26.5
Return loss ≥ 26 dB (ρ ≤ 0.05019) > 26.5 to ≤ 50
Sliding loadsa
a. The specifications for the sliding load termination include the quality of the airline
portions within the sliding load combined with the effective stability of the sliding
element.
Return loss ≥ 42 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.00794) 4 to ≤20
(male and female) Return loss ≥ 40 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.01000) > 20 to ≤36
Return loss ≥ 38 dB (ρ ≤ 0.01259) > 36 to ≤ 40
Return loss ≥ 36 dB (ρ ≤ 0.01585) > 40 to ≤ 50
Adapters Return loss ≥ 32 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.02512) dc to ≤4
Return loss ≥ 30dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.03162) > 4 to ≤26.5
Return loss ≥ 25dB (ρ ≤ 0.05623) > 26.5 to ≤ 40
Return loss ≥ 20 dB (ρ ≤ 0.10000) > 40 to ≤ 50
Offset opensb
b. The specifications for the opens and shorts are given as allowed deviation from the
nominal model as defined in the standard definitions (see “Nominal Standard
Definitions” on page A-11).
±0.5 °deviation from nominal dc to ≤2
(male and female) ±1.25 °deviation from nominal > 2 to ≤20
±1.75 °deviation from nominal > 20 to ≤40
±2.25 °deviation from nominal > 40 to ≤50
Offset shortsb±0.50 °deviation from nominal dc to ≤2
(male and female) ±1.25 °deviation from nominal > 2 to ≤20
±1.5 °deviation from nominal > 20 to ≤40
±2.0 °deviation from nominal > 40 to ≤50

2-6 85056A
Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Certification
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time
of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
to the extent allowed by the institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities
of other International Standards Organization members. See “How Agilent Verifies the
Devices in Your Kit” on page 4-2 for more information.

3-1
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the
Devices

3-2 85056A
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge
Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is essential while connecting, inspecting,
or cleaning connectors attached to a static-sensitive circuit (such as those found in test
sets).
Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal
circuit elements when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause
permanent damage. Devices such as calibration components and devices under test (DUT),
can also carry an electrostatic charge. To prevent damage to the test set, components, and
devices:
•always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MΩresistor in series with it when
handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set.
•always use a grounded, conductive table mat while making connections.
•always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor. If you are
uncertain about the conductivity of your floor, wear a heel strap.
•always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to a
static-sensitive device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell
of the test port or cable connector briefly.
•always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a connection to the
analyzer test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:
1. Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center
conductor to the outer conductor.
2. While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.
4. Remove the short from the cable.
Figure 3-1 shows a typical ESD protection setup using a grounded mat and wrist strap.
Refer to Chapter 6, “Replaceable Parts,” for information on ordering supplies for ESD
protection.