Analog Devices Blackfin User manual

a
Getting Started
With Blackfin®Processors
Revision 3.0, August 2007
Part Number
82-000850-01
Analog Devices
One Technology Way
Norwood, Mass. 02062-9106

Copyright Information
©2007 Analog Devices, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This document may
not be reproduced in any form without prior, express written consent
from Analog Devices
Printed in the USA.
Disclaimer
Analog Devices reserves the right to change this product without prior
notice. Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate
and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for
its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or oth-
erwise under the patent rights of Analog Devices
Trademark and Service Mark Notice
The Analog Devices logo, Blackfin, the Blackfin logo, CrossCore,
EZ-Extender, EZ-KIT Lite, and VisualDSP++ are registered trademarks of
Analog Devices
The Collaborative is a trademark of Analog Devices
All other brand and product names are trademarks or service marks of
their respective owners.

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors iii
CONTENTS
PREFACE
Purpose of This Manual .................................................................. xi
Intended Audience .......................................................................... xi
Manual Contents ........................................................................... xii
What’s New in This Manual ........................................................... xii
Supported Processors ...................................................................... xii
Product Information ..................................................................... xiii
Processor Product Information ................................................. xiii
Related Documents .................................................................. xiv
Online Technical Documentation ............................................. xiv
Accessing Documentation From VisualDSP++ ....................... xv
Accessing Documentation From Windows ............................. xv
Accessing Documentation From the Web .............................. xvi
Printed Manuals ....................................................................... xvi
VisualDSP++ Documentation Set ......................................... xvi
Hardware Tools Manuals ..................................................... xvii
Processor Manuals ............................................................... xvii
Data Sheets ......................................................................... xvii

Contents
iv Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
INTRODUCTION
What are Blackfin Processors? ....................................................... 1-1
Combining RISC MCU and Signal Processor
Functionality ....................................................................... 1-2
Approaches to Application Development ............................. 1-4
Dual-Core Processors Add Flexibility .................................. 1-6
The Blackfin Family of Processors ............................................ 1-7
Blackfin Processors (Currently Available) ............................. 1-7
Future Blackfin Processor Releases .................................... 1-22
Blackfin Processor Features ......................................................... 1-22
Performance .......................................................................... 1-23
Benchmarks Against Other Processors ......................................... 1-26
Dhrystone ............................................................................ 1-26
Results on a Blackfin Compilation .................................... 1-27
Whetstone ............................................................................ 1-29
Code Used for the Blackfin Compilation ........................... 1-30
Results of the Blackfin Compilation .................................. 1-31
nbench ................................................................................. 1-32
BDTI ................................................................................... 1-34
EEMBC ................................................................................ 1-44
Analog Devices Benchmarks .................................................. 1-46
Links to Comparative Benchmarks .................................... 1-46
Blackfin Processor Compiler and Code Density ................. 1-46

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors v
Contents
THE EVALUATION PROCESS
Selecting Software Development Tools ........................................... 2-1
VisualDSP++ From Analog Devices ......................................... 2-2
Platform and Processor Support ........................................... 2-2
Develop High-Performance Applications Quickly ............ 2-3
Leverage-Proven Application Infrastructure ...................... 2-5
Debug and Tune Your Application With Ease .................. 2-6
Integrate Into Your Existing Environment ........................ 2-8
Get Help and Stay Up to Date ............................................. 2-9
Use The Collaborative ................................................... 2-10
Take a VisualDSP++ Test Drive! .................................... 2-10
Analog Devices Tools ........................................................ 2-10
Embedded Processors and DSPs ........................................ 2-10
Code Examples ...................................................................... 2-11
MULTI Integrated Development Environment ...................... 2-11
GNU Tool Chain for Blackfin Processor ................................ 2-12
Eclipse IDE ...................................................................... 2-12
µClinux Distribution ........................................................ 2-12
Blackfin µClinux Q&A ..................................................... 2-13
Linux Software Projects ................................................. 2-17
Linux Hardware Projects .............................................. 2-19
STAMP Board Support Packages ....................................... 2-20
Stamp Daughter Cards ...................................................... 2-20

Contents
vi Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
Device Drivers and System Services ....................................... 2-20
Summary: Software Development Tools ................................. 2-21
Examples Included With VisualDSP++ .................................. 2-21
Software Modules ................................................................. 2-21
Selecting Hardware Development Tools ...................................... 2-22
EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation Systems ........................................... 2-22
ADSP-BF533 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-24
ADSP-BF537 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-27
ADSP-BF561 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-29
ADSP-BF535 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-31
ADSP-BF527 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-33
ADSP-BF548 EZ-KIT Lite From Analog Devices .............. 2-35
EZ-KIT Lite Expansion Boards ............................................. 2-37
Blackfin EZ-Extender ....................................................... 2-37
Blackfin USB-LAN EZ-Extender ...................................... 2-39
Blackfin A-V EZ-Extender Card ....................................... 2-41
ADSP-BF537 STAMP Board ............................................ 2-43
JTAG Emulators ................................................................... 2-44
High-Performance USB 2.0 JTAG Emulator ..................... 2-46
USB 1.1 JTAG Emulator .................................................. 2-49
High-Performance PCI JTAG Emulator ............................ 2-51
Third-Party Boards ............................................................... 2-53
PHYTEC phyCORE-BF537 SBC ..................................... 2-53

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors vii
Contents
Selecting the Right Combination of Tools .................................... 2-56
Scenario 1 ............................................................................. 2-56
Scenario 2 ............................................................................. 2-57
Software Development on Blackfin Processors .............................. 2-57
SUPPORT OPTIONS
Available Support .......................................................................... 3-1
Analog Devices Web Site ......................................................... 3-2
Processor and Tools Selection Information ........................... 3-2
Getting Started Information ................................................ 3-3
Applications Notes, EE-Notes, and Other Articles ............... 3-3
Communities-Related Information ...................................... 3-4
Platform-Related Information ............................................. 3-4
Workshops and Seminars ......................................................... 3-4
Blackfin Processor Workshops ............................................. 3-4
Blackfin Processor Seminars ................................................ 3-5
TechOnLine Seminars ......................................................... 3-5
µClinux on the Blackfin Processor 3-Day Workshop ............ 3-6
Processor Documentation ........................................................ 3-6
Blackfin Processor Manuals ................................................. 3-6
Hardware Reference Manuals .......................................... 3-7
Programming Reference .................................................. 3-8
Printed Manuals .............................................................. 3-8
Downloadable Manuals ................................................... 3-9

Contents
viii Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
µClinux Distribution Manual ............................................. 3-9
Data Sheets ...................................................................... 3-10
Anomalies Lists for Processors and Tools ........................... 3-10
BSDL Files ....................................................................... 3-11
IBIS Models ..................................................................... 3-11
CrossCore Tools Documentation ........................................... 3-11
VisualDSP++ Documentation ........................................... 3-12
VisualDSP++ Getting Started Guide ............................. 3-12
VisualDSP++ User’s Guide ............................................ 3-13
VisualDSP++ Licensing Guide ...................................... 3-13
VisualDSP++ C/C++ Compiler and Library Manual
for Blackfin Processors ............................................... 3-14
VisualDSP++ Assembler and Preprocessor Manual ......... 3-14
VisualDSP++ Linker and Utilities Manual ..................... 3-15
VisualDSP++ Kernel (VDK) User’s Guide ..................... 3-15
VisualDSP++ Loader Manual ........................................ 3-15
Device Driver and System Service Libraries Manual ....... 3-16
Hardware Tools Documentation ....................................... 3-16
Getting Started With the ADSP-BF537
EZ-KIT Lite Manual .................................................. 3-17
ADSP-BF535 EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation
System Manual .......................................................... 3-17
ADSP-BF533 EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation
System Manual .......................................................... 3-18
ADSP-BF537 EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation
System Manual .......................................................... 3-18

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors ix
Contents
ADSP-BF548 EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation
System Manual ........................................................... 3-19
ADSP-BF561 EZ-KIT Lite Evaluation
System Manual ........................................................... 3-19
Blackfin EZ-Extender Manuals ...................................... 3-19
VisualDSP++ Help ............................................................ 3-21
The Collaborative .................................................................. 3-21
Technical or Customer Support .............................................. 3-22
MyAnalog.com ...................................................................... 3-23
INDEX

Contents
x Getting Started With Blackfin Processors

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors xi
PREFACE
Thank you for your interest in the Blackfin® family of processors by
Analog Devices, Inc
Purpose of This Manual
Getting Started With Blackfin Processors provides you with information
about the design and evaluation process, Analog Devices tools, training,
documentation, and other informational resources.
This manual provides an overview of a variety of documentation available
in printed and online form as well as a guide for evaluating Blackfin pro-
cessors. This manual also describes the resources available to help you
move your evaluation/design along quickly.
For detailed descriptions of processor internals, refer to the applicable
hardware reference manual. For detailed descriptions of processor soft-
ware, refer to applicable programming reference manuals. A complete list
of documents that support your product can be found in the Preface of
each hardware or software manual.
Intended Audience
The primary audience for this guide are system designers, programmers,
and hardware engineers who want to learn whether a specific Blackfin pro-
cessor matches their design requirements for new applications.

Manual Contents
xii Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
Manual Contents
This manual consists of:
• Chapter 1, “Introduction”
This chapter briefly describes the processor architecture, available
models, and processor features.
• Chapter 2, “The Evaluation Process”
This chapter focuses on available software and hardware tools.
• Chapter 3, “Support Options”
This chapter describes support (documentation, training, and
more) available during the evaluation and development processes.
What’s New in This Manual
Revision 3.0 of Getting Started With Blackfin Processors corrects
typographical errors, and updates e-mail contact addresses and URLs.
Also, all BDTI graphics (Figure 1-4 through Figure 1-10) have been
enhanced.
Supported Processors
The name Blackfin refers to several families of 16/32-bit, embedded pro-
cessors. VisualDSP++® currently supports the following Blackfin families:
ADSP-BF52x, ADSP-BF53x, ADSP-BF54x, and ADSP-BF56x.
These processor families are subject to change. Please visit the Analog
Web site for up-to-date processor information:
http://www.analog.com/blackfin

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors xiii
Preface
Product Information
You can obtain product information from the Analog Devices Web site,
from the product CD-ROM, or from printed publications (manuals).
Analog Devices is online at http://www.analog.com. Our Web site pro-
vides information about a broad range of products—analog integrated
circuits, amplifiers, converters, and digital signal processors.
Processor Product Information
For information on embedded processors and DSPs, visit our Web site at
http://www.analog.com/processors, which provides access to technical
publications, data sheets, application notes, product overviews, and prod-
uct announcements.
You may also obtain additional information about Analog Devices and its
products in any of the following ways.
• E-mail questions or requests for information to
[email protected]m (World wide support)
[email protected] (Europe support)
[email protected] (China support)
• Fax questions or requests for information to
1-781-461-3010 (North America)
[phone] (Europe)
• Access the FTP Web site at
ftp ftp.analog.com (or ftp 137.71.25.69)
ftp://ftp.analog.com

Product Information
xiv Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
Related Documents
For information on product related development software, see these
publications:
•VisualDSP++ Getting Started Guide
•VisualDSP++ User’s Guide
•VisualDSP++ Assembler and Preprocessor Manual
•VisualDSP++ Product Release Bulletin
•VisualDSP++ Kernel (VDK) User’s Guide
•Quick Installation Reference Card
For hardware information, refer to your processor’s hardware reference,
programming reference, and data sheet. All documentation is available
online. Most documentation is available in printed form.
Visit the Technical Library Web site to access all processor and tools man-
uals and data sheets:
http://www.analog.com/processors/manuals
Online Technical Documentation
Online documentation includes the VisualDSP++ Help system, software
tools manuals, hardware tools manuals, processor manuals, Dinkum
Abridged C++ library, and Flexible License Manager (FlexLM) network
license manager software documentation. You can easily search across the
entire VisualDSP++ documentation set for any topic of interest using the
Search function of the VisualDSP++ Help system. For easy printing, sup-
plementary .PDF files of most manuals are also provided.
Each documentation file type is described as follows.

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors xv
Preface
Access the online documentation from the VisualDSP++ environment,
Windows® Explorer, or the Analog Devices Web site.
Accessing Documentation From VisualDSP++
From the VisualDSP++ environment:
• Access VisualDSP++ online Help from the Help menu’s Contents,
Search, and Index commands.
• Open online Help from context-sensitive user interface items
(toolbar buttons, menu commands, and windows).
Accessing Documentation From Windows
In addition to any shortcuts you may have constructed, there are many
ways to open VisualDSP++ online Help or the supplementary documenta-
tion from Windows.
Help system files (.chm) are located in the Help folder of the VisualDSP++
environment. The .pdf files are located in the Docs folder of your Visu-
alDSP++ installation CD-ROM. The Docs folder also contains the
Dinkum Abridged C++ library and the FlexLM network license manager
software documentation.
File Description
.chm Help system files and manuals in Help format
.htm or
.html
Dinkum Abridged C++ library and FlexLM network license manager software doc-
umentation. Viewing and printing the.html files requires a browser, such as Inter-
net Explorer 5.01 (or higher).
.pdf VisualDSP++ and processor manuals in Portable Documentation Format (PDF).
Viewing and printing the .pdf files requires a PDF reader, such as Adobe Acrobat
Reader (5.0 or higher).

Product Information
xvi Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
Using Windows Explorer
• Double-click the vdsp-help.chm file, which is the master Help sys-
tem, to access all the other .chm files.
• Open your VisualDSP++ installation CD-ROM and double-click
any file that is part of the VisualDSP++ documentation set.
Using the Windows Start Button
• Access VisualDSP++ online Help by clicking the Start button and
choosing Programs, Analog Devices, VisualDSP++, and
VisualDSP++ Documentation.
• Access the .pdf files by clicking the Start button and choosing Pro-
grams, Analog Devices, VisualDSP++4.5, Documentation for
Printing and the name of the book.
Accessing Documentation From the Web
Download manuals in .pdf file format at the following Web site:
http://www.analog.com/processors/manuals
Select a processor family and book title. Download archive (.zip) files, one
for each manual. Use any archive management software, such as WinZip,
to decompress downloaded files.
Printed Manuals
For general questions regarding literature ordering, call the Literature
Center at 1-800-ANALOGD (1-800-262-5643) and follow the prompts.
VisualDSP++ Documentation Set
To purchase VisualDSP++ manuals, call 1-603-883-2430. The manuals
may be purchased only as a kit.

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors xvii
Preface
If you do not have an account with Analog Devices, you are referred to
Analog Devices distributors. For information on our distributors, log
onto:
http://www.analog.com/salesdir/
Hardware Tools Manuals
To purchase EZ-KIT Lite® and In-Circuit Emulator (ICE) manuals, call
1-603-883-2430. The manuals may be ordered by title or by product
number located on the back cover of each manual.
Processor Manuals
Hardware reference and programming reference manuals may be ordered
through the Literature Center at 1-800-ANALOGD (1-800-262-5643),
or downloaded from the Analog Devices Web site. Manuals may be
ordered by title or by product number located on the back cover of each
manual.
Data Sheets
All data sheets (preliminary and production) may be downloaded from the
Analog Devices Web site. Only production (final) data sheets (Rev. 0, A,
B, C, and so on) can be obtained from the Literature Center at
1-800-ANALOGD (1-800-262-5643); they also can be downloaded from
the Web site.
To have a data sheet faxed to you, call the Analog Devices Faxback System
at 1-800-446-6212. Follow the prompts and a list of data sheet code
numbers will be faxed to you. If the data sheet you want is not listed,
check for it on the Web site.

Product Information
xviii Getting Started With Blackfin Processors

Getting Started With Blackfin Processors 1-1
1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter briefly describes the Blackfin processor’s architecture and key
features and compares available models.
Topics include:
•“What are Blackfin Processors?” on page 1-1
•“Blackfin Processor Features” on page 1-22
•“Benchmarks Against Other Processors” on page 1-26
What are Blackfin Processors?
Blackfin processors from Analog Devices embody a new breed of
16/32-bit embedded processor with the industry’s highest performance
and power efficiency for applications where a convergence of capabilities
— multi-format audio, video, voice and image processing; multi-mode
baseband and packet processing; and real-time security and control pro-
cessing — are critical.
Blackfin processors deliver breakthrough signal processing performance
and power efficiency with a RISC programming model. Blackfin proces-
sors present high-performance, homogeneous software targets, which
allow flexible resource allocation between hard real-time processor tasks
and non real-time control tasks. System control tasks can often run in the
shadow of processor and video tasks.
Blackfin processors combine a 32-bit RISC instruction set, dual 16-bit
multiply/accumulate (MAC) digital signal processing functionality, and

What are Blackfin Processors?
1-2 Getting Started With Blackfin Processors
8-bit video processing performance that had previously been the exclusive
domain of very long instruction word (VLIW) media processors.
Blackfin processors include advanced memory management that supports
memory-protected and non memory-protected embedded operating sys-
tems such as µClinux™, ThreadX® (Express Logic), INTEGRITY®,
velOSity™, µ-velOSity™ (Green Hills Software), Nucleus® (Mentor
Graphics), Fusion™ (Unicoi Systems), RTXC Quadros™ (Quadros Sys-
tems), and µC/OS-II (Micrium), to name a few.
Combining RISC MCU and Signal Processor
Functionality
Blackfin processors provide microcontroller (MCU) and signal processing
functionality in a unified architecture, allowing flexible partitioning
between the needs of control and signal processing. If the application
demands, the Blackfin processor can act as 100% MCU (with code den-
sity on par with industry standards), 100% signal processor (with clock
rates at the leading edge of signal processor technology), or a combination
of the two.
The Blackfin family of processors from Analog Devices integrates a 32-bit
RISC instruction set with an 8-bit video instruction set with dual 16-bit
MAC units. The processor’s variable-length instruction set extends up to
64-bit opcodes used in processor inner loops (one single instruction, mul-
tiple data [SIMD] and two load/store/cycle), but is optimized so that
16-bit opcodes represent the most frequently used instructions. As a
result, compiled code density figures are competitive with industry-lead-
ing MCUs, yet its interlocked pipeline and algebraic instruction syntax
facilitate development in both C/C++ and assembly.
Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of a single-core ADSP-BF549 Blackfin
16/32-bit processor.