Apogee SQ-618 User manual

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: [phone] | FAX: [phone] | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2021 Apogee Instruments, Inc.
OWNER’S MANUAL
EPAR SENSOR
Model SQ-618
Rev: 1-Feb-2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Owner’s Manual ............................................................................................................................................................1
Certificate of Compliance ......................................................................................................................................3
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................4
Sensor Models .......................................................................................................................................................5
Specifications.........................................................................................................................................................6
Deployment and Installation .................................................................................................................................9
Cable Connectors.................................................................................................................................................10
Operation and Measurement..............................................................................................................................10
Maintenance and Recalibration ..........................................................................................................................16
Troubleshooting and Customer Support .............................................................................................................17
Return and Warranty Policy ................................................................................................................................18

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
EU Declaration of Conformity
This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:
Apogee Instruments, Inc.
721 W 1800 N
Logan, Utah 84321
USA
for the following product(s):
Models: SQ-618
Type: ePAR Sensor
The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:
2014/30/EU Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive
2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive
2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)
Standards referenced during compliance assessment:
EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –EMC requirements
EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to
the restriction of hazardous substances
Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products
manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see
note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated
diphenyls (PBDE), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and
diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1% lead concentration are
RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.
Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products
for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.
Signed for and on behalf of:
Apogee Instruments, February 2021
Bruce Bugbee
President
Apogee Instruments, Inc.

INTRODUCTION
Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and, historically, is defined
as total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is almost universally quantified as photosynthetic photon
flux density (PPFD) in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2 s-1, equal to microEinsteins per
square meter per second) summed from 400 to 700 nm (total number of photons from 400 to 700 nm). However,
ultraviolet and far-red photons outside the defined PAR range of 400-700 nm can also contribute to
photosynthesis and influence plant responses (e.g., flowering).
Sensors that measure PPFD are often called quantum sensors due to the quantized nature of radiation. A quantum
refers to the minimum quantity of radiation, one photon, involved in physical interactions (e.g., absorption by
photosynthetic pigments). In other words, one photon is a single quantum of radiation. Sensors that function like
traditional quantum sensors, but measure a wider range of wavelengths can be thought of as an ‘extended range’
quantum sensor.
Typical applications of traditional quantum sensors include incoming PPFD measurement over plant canopies in
outdoor environments or in greenhouses and growth chambers, and reflected or under-canopy (transmitted) PPFD
measurement in the same environments. The extended photosynthetically active radiation (ePAR) sensor detailed
in this manual uses a detector that is sensitive to radiation from 380-760 nm, which allows it to measure photons
from UV and Far-red.
Apogee Instruments SQ-600 series ePAR sensors consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter), photodiode, and signal
processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing. A cable to connect the sensor to a measurement
device is also included. SQ-600 series ePAR sensors are designed for continuous photon flux density measurements
in indoor or outdoor environments. The SQ-618 sensors output a digital signal using Modbus RTU protocol over RS-
232 or RS-485.

SENSOR MODELS
This manual covers the Modbus RTU communication protocol, ePAR sensor model SQ-618 (in bold below).
Additional models are covered in their respective manuals.
Model
Signal
SQ-610
Self-powered
SQ-612
0-2.5 V
SQ-614
4-20 mA
SQ-615
0-5 V
SQ-616
USB
SQ-617
SDI-12
SQ-618
Modbus
Sensor model number and serial number are
located on the bottom of the sensor. If the
manufacturing date of a specific sensor is
required, please contact Apogee Instruments
with the serial number of the sensor.

SPECIFICATIONS
Calibration Traceability
Apogee Instruments SQ-600 series ePAR sensors are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of
four transfer standard sensors under a reference lamp. The transfer standard sensors are recalibrated with a
quartz halogen lamp traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
SQ-618-SS
Input Voltage
5.5 to 24 V DC
Average Max Current Draw
RS-232 37 mA;
RS-485 quiescent 37 mA, active 42 mA
Calibration Factor
Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware
Calibration Uncertainty
± 5 % (see calibration Traceability below)
Measurement Repeatability
Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1)
Long-term Drift
(Non-stability)
Less than 2 % per year
Non-linearity
Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1)
Field of View
180°
Spectral Range
380 to 760 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %)
Directional (Cosine) Response
± 2 % at 45° zenith angle, ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle (see Directional Response below)
Azimuth Error
Less than 0.5 %
Tilt Error
Less than 0.5 %
Temperature Response
-0.11 ± 0.04 % per C (see Temperature Response below)
Uncertainty in Daily Total
Less than 5 %
Detector
Blue-enhanced silicon photodiode
Housing
Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser
IP Rating
IP68
Operating Environment
-40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m
Dimensions
30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height
Mass (with 5 m of cable)
140 g
Cable
5 m of shielded, twisted-pair wire; TPR jacket (high water resistance, high UV stability,
flexibility in cold conditions); pigtail lead wires; stainless steel (316), M8 connector

Spectral Response
Mean spectral response measurements of
four replicate Apogee SQ-600 series ePAR
Sensors. Incremental spectral response
measurements were made at 10 nm
increments across a wavelength range of
370 to 800 nm in a monochromator with an
attached electric light source. Measured
spectral data from each quantum sensor
were refined and normalized by comparing
measured spectral response of the
monochromator/electric light combination
to measured spectral differences from a
quantum sensor reference.

Cosine Response
Directional, or cosine, response is defined as the
measurement error at a specific angle of radiation
incidence. Error for Apogee SQ-600 series ePAR Sensor is
approximately ± 2 % and ± 5 % at solar zenith angles of 45°
and 75°, respectively.
Mean directional (cosine) response
of seven Apogee series quantum
sensors. Directional response
measurements were made on the
rooftop of the Apogee building in
Logan, Utah. Directional response
was calculated as the relative
difference of quantum sensors from
the mean of replicate reference
quantum sensors (LI-COR models LI-
190 and LI-190R, Kipp & Zonen
model PQS 1). Data were also
collected in the laboratory using a
reference lamp and positioning the
sensor at varying angles.

DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION
Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided. To accurately measure photon flux
density incident on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. An Apogee Instruments model AL-100 leveling
plate is recommended for this purpose. To facilitate mounting on a cross arm, an Apogee Instruments model AL-
120 mounting bracket is recommended.
To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the
northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 0.5 %, but it is
easy to minimize by proper cable orientation.
In addition to orienting the cable to point toward the nearest pole, the sensor should also be mounted such that
obstructions (e.g., weather station tripod/tower or other instrumentation) do not shade the sensor. Once
mounted, the blue cap should be removed from the sensor. The blue cap can be used as a protective covering for
the sensor when it is not in use.
Model: AL-120
Nylon Screw: 10-32 x 3/8
Nylon Screw: 10-32 x 3/8
Model: AL-100

CABLE CONNECTORS
Apogee offers cable connectors to simplify the
process of removing sensors from weather stations
for calibration (the entire cable does not have to be
removed from the station and shipped with the
sensor).
The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68,
made of corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless-
steel, and designed for extended use in harsh
environmental conditions.
Cable connectors are attached directly to the head.
Instructions
Pins and Wiring Colors: All Apogee connectors
have six pins, but not all pins are used for every
sensor. There may also be unused wire colors
inside the cable. To simplify datalogger
connection, we remove the unused pigtail lead
colors at the datalogger end of the cable.
If a replacement cable is required, please contact
Apogee directly to ensure ordering the proper
pigtail configuration.
Alignment: When reconnecting a sensor, arrows
on the connector jacket and an aligning notch
ensure proper orientation.
Disconnection for extended periods: When
disconnecting the sensor for an extended period
of time from a station, protect the remaining half
of the connector still on the station from water
and dirt with electrical tape or other method.
A reference notch inside the connector ensures
proper alignment before tightening.
When sending sensors in for calibration, only send the
sensor head.
Tightening: Connectors are designed to be firmly
finger-tightened only. There is an o-ring inside the
connector that can be overly compressed if a
wrench is used. Pay attention to thread alignment
to avoid cross-threading. When fully tightened, 1-
2 threads may still be visible.
WARNING: Do not tighten the connector by
twisting the black cable or sensor head, only twist
the metal connector (yellow arrows).
Finger-tighten firmly

OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT
The SQ-618 ePAR sensor has a Modbus output, where extended photosynthetically active radiation (ePAR) is
returned in digital format. Measurement of SQ-618 ePAR sensors requires a measurement device with a Modbus
interface that supports the Read Holding Registers (0x03) function.
Wiring
The Green wire should be connected to Ground to enable RS-485 communication, or it should be connected to 12
V power for RS-232 communication. Text for the White and Blue wires above refers to the port that the wires
should be connected to.
Sensor Calibration
All Apogee Modbus ePAR sensors (model SQ-618) have sensor-specific calibration coefficients determined during
the custom calibration process. Coefficients are programmed into the sensors at the factory.
Modbus Interface
The following is a brief explanation of the Modbus protocol instructions used in Apogee SQ-618 ePAR sensors. For
questions on the implementation of this protocol, please refer to the official serial line implementation of the
Modbus protocol: http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_over_serial_line_V1_02.pdf (2006) and the general
Modbus protocol specification: http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1b3.pdf (2012).
Further information can be found at: http://www.modbus.org/specs.php
Overview
The primary idea of the Modbus interface is that each sensor exists at an address and appears as a table of values.
These values are called Registers. Each value in the table has an associated index, and that index is used to identify
which value in the table is being accessed.
Sensor addresses
Each sensor is given an address from 1 to 247. Apogee sensors are shipped with a default address of 1. If using
multiple sensors on the same Modbus line, the sensor’s address will have to be changed by writing the Slave
Address register.
White: RS-232 RX / RS-485 Positive
Blue: RS-232 TX / RS-485 Negative
Green: Select (Switch between RS-232 and RS-485)
Black: Ground
Red: Power +12 V

Register Index
Each register in a sensor represents a value in the sensor, such as a measurement or a configuration parameter.
Some registers can only be read, some registers can only be written, and some can be both read and written. Each
register exists at a specified index in the table for the sensor. Often this index is called an address, which is a
separate address than the sensor address, but can be easily confused with the sensor address.
However, there are two different indexing schemes used for Modbus sensors, though translating between them is
simple. One indexing scheme is called one-based numbering, where the first register is given the index of 1, and is
thereby accessed by requesting access to regis er 1. The other indexing scheme is called zero-based numbering,
where the first register is given the index 0, and is thereby accessed by requesting access to register 0. Apogee
Sensors use zero-based numbering. However, if using the sensor in a system that uses one-based numbering, such
as using a CR1000X logger, adding 1 to the zero-based address will produce the one-based address for the register.
Register Format:
According to the Modbus protocol specification, Holding Registers (the type registers Apogee sensors contain) are
defined to be 16 bits wide. However, when making scientific measurements, it is desirable to obtain a more precise
value than 16 bits allows. Thus, several Modbus implementations will use two 16-bit registers to act as one 32-bit
register. Apogee Modbus sensors use this 32-bit implementation to provide measurement values as 32-bit IEEE
754 floating point numbers.
Apogee Modbus sensors also contain a redundant, duplicate set of registers that use 16-bit signed integers to
represent values as decimal-shifted numbers. It is recommended to use the 32-bit values, if possible, as they
contain more precise values.
Communication Parameters:
Apogee Sensors communicate using the Modbus RTU variant of the Modbus protocol. The default communication
parameters are as follows:
Slave address: 1
Baudrate: 19200
Data bits: 8
Stop bits: 1
Parity: Even
Byte Order: Big-Endian (most significant byte sent first)
The baudrate and slave address are user configurable. Valid slave addresses are 1 to 247. Since the address 0 is
reserve as the broadcast address, setting the slave address to 0 will actually set the slave address to 1. (This will
also reset factory-calibrated values and should NOT be done by the user unless otherwise instructed.)

Read only registers (function code 0x3).
Float Registers
0
1
calibrated output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹
2
3
detector millivolts
4
5
immersed output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹
6
7
solar output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹
8
9
Reserved for Future Use
10
11
device status
(1 means device is busy, 0 otherwise)
12
13
firmware version
Integer Registers
40
calibrated output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (shifted one decimal point to the left)
41
detector millivolts (shifted one decimal point to the left)
42
immersed output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (shifted one decimal point to the left)
43
solar output µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (shifted one decimal point to the left)
44
Reserved for Future Use
45
device status (1 means device is busy, 0 otherwise)
46
firmware version (shifted one decimal point to the left)
Read/Write registers (function codes 0x3 and 0x10).
Float Registers
16
17
slave address
18
19
model number*
20
21
serial number*
22
23
baudrate (0 = 115200, 1 = 57600, 2 = 38400, 3 = 19200, 4 = 9600, any other
number = 19200)
24
25
parity (0 = none, 1 = odd, 2 = even)
26
27
number of stopbits
28
29
multiplier*
30
31
offset*
32
33
immersion factor*
34
35
solar multiplier*
36
37
running average

38
39
heater status
Integer Registers
48
slave address
49
model number*
50
serial number*
51
baudrate (0 = 115200, 1 = 57600, 2 = 38400, 3 = 19200, 4 = 9600, any other
number = 19200)
52
parity (0 = none, 1 = odd, 2 = even)
53
number of stopbits
54
multiplier (shifted two decimal points to the left)*
55
offset (shifted two decimal points to the left)*
56
immersion factor (shifted two decimal points to the left)*
57
solar multiplier (shifted two decimal points to the left)*
58
running average
59
heater status
*Registers marked with an asterisk (*) cannot be written to unless a specific procedure is followed. Contact
Apogee Instruments to receive the procedure for writing these registers
Write only registers (function code 0x10).
Integer Registers
190
Writing to this register resets Coefficients to firmware
defaults. (NOT factory calibrated values!) Slave Address =
1, Model = 618, Serial = 1000, Baud = 3, Parity = 2, Stopbits
= 1, running average = 1

Packet Framing:
Apogee sensors use Modbus RTU packets and tend to adhere to the following pattern:
Slave Address (1 byte), Function Code (1 byte), Starting Address (2 bytes), Number of Registers (2 bytes), Data
Length (1 byte, optional) Data (n bytes, optional)
Modbus RTU packets use the zero-based address when addressing registers.
For information on Modbus RTU framing, see the official documentation at
http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1b3.pdf
Example Packets:
An example of a data packet sent from the controller to the sensor using function code 0x3 reading register
address 0. Each pair of square brackets indicates one byte.
[Slave Address][Function][Starting Address High Byte][Starting Address Low Byte][No of Registers High Byte][No of
Registers Low Byte][CRC High Byte][CRC Low Byte]
0x01 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x02 0xC4 0x0B
An example of a data packet sent from the controller to the sensor using function code 0x10 writing a 1 to register
26. Each pair of square brackets indicates one byte.
[Slave Address][Function][Starting Address High Byte][Starting Address Low Byte][No of Registers High Byte][No of
Registers Low Byte][Byte Count][Data High Byte][Data Low Byte][Data High Byte][Data Low Byte][CRC High
Byte][CRC Low Byte]
0x01 0x10 0x00 0x1A 0x00 0x02 0x04 0x3f 0x80 0x00 0x00 0x7f 0x20.

MAINTENANCE AND RECALIBRATION
Blocking of the optical path between the target and detector can cause low readings. Occasionally, accumulated
materials on the diffuser of the upward-looking sensor can block the optical path in three common ways:
1. Moisture or debris on the diffuser.
2. Dust during periods of low rainfall.
3. Salt deposit accumulation from evaporation of sea spray or sprinkler irrigation water.
Apogee Instruments upward-looking sensors have a domed diffuser and housing for improved self-cleaning from
rainfall, but active cleaning may be necessary. Dust or organic deposits are best removed using water, or window
cleaner, and a soft cloth or cotton swab. Salt deposits should be dissolved with vinegar and removed with a cloth
or cotton swab. Salt deposits cannot be removed with solvents such as alcohol or acetone. Use only gentle
pressure when cleaning the diffuser with a cotton swab or soft cloth to avoid scratching the outer surface. The
solvent should be allowed to do the cleaning, not mechanical force. Never use abrasive material or cleaner on the
diffuser.
It is recommended that sensors be recalibrated every two years. See the Apogee webpage for details regarding
return of sensors for recalibration (http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/tech-support-recalibration-repairs/).

TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Independent Verification of Functionality
If the sensor does not communicate with the datalogger, use an ammeter to check the current drain. It should be
near 37 mA when the sensor is powered. Any current drain significantly greater than approximately 37 mA
indicates a problem with power supply to the sensors, wiring of the sensor, or sensor electronics.
Compatible Measurement Devices (Dataloggers/Controllers/Meters)
Any datalogger or meter with RS-232/RS-485 that can read/write float or integer values.
An example datalogger program for Campbell Scientific dataloggers can be found at
https://www.apogeeinstruments.com/content/Quantum-Modbus.CR1.
Cable Length
All Apogee sensors use shielded cable to minimize electromagnetic interference. For best communication, the
shield wire must be connected to an earth ground. This is particularly important when using the sensor with long
lead lengths in electromagnetically noisy environments.
RS-232 Cable Length
If using an RS-232 serial interface, the cable length from the sensor to the controller should be kept short, no
longer than 20 meters. For more information, see section 3.3.5 in this document:
http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_over_serial_line_V1_02.pd
RS-485 Cable Length
If using an RS-485 serial interface, longer cable lengths may be used. The trunk cable can be up to 1000 meters
long. The length of cable from the sensor to a tap on the trunk should be short, no more than 20 meters. For more
information, see section 3.4 in this document: http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_over_serial_line_V1_02.pd
Troubleshooting Tips
•Make sure to use the green wire to select between RS-232 and RS-485.
•Make sure that the sensor is wired correctly (refer to wiring diagram).
•Make sure the sensor is powered by a power supply with a sufficient output (e.g., 12 V).
•Make sure to use the appropriate kind of variable when reading Modbus registers. Use a float variable for
float registers and an integer variable for integer registers.
•Make sure the baudrate, stop bits, parity, byte order, and protocols match between the control program
and the sensor. Default values are:
oBaudrate: 19200
oStop bits: 1
oParity: Even
oByte order: ABCD (Big-Endian/Most Significant Byte First)
oProtocol: RS-232 or RS-485

RETURN AND WARRANTY POLICY
RETURN POLICY
Apogee Instruments will accept returns within 30 days of purchase as long as the product is in new condition (to be
determined by Apogee). Returns are subject to a 10 % restocking fee.
WARRANTY POLICY
What is Covered
All products manufactured by Apogee Instruments are warranted to be free from defects in materials and craftsmanship
for a period of four (4) years from the date of shipment from our factory. To be considered for warranty coverage an
item must be evaluated by Apogee.
Products not manufactured by Apogee (spectroradiometers, chlorophyll content meters, EE08-SS probes) are covered
for a period of one (1) year.
What is Not Covered
The customer is responsible for all costs associated with the removal, reinstallation, and shipping of suspected warranty
items to our factory.
The warranty does not cover equipment that has been damaged due to the following conditions:
1. Improper installation or abuse.
2. Operation of the instrument outside of its specified operating range.
3. Natural occurrences such as lightning, fire, etc.
4. Unauthorized modification.
5. Improper or unauthorized repair.
Please note that nominal accuracy drift is normal over time. Routine recalibration of sensors/meters is considered part of
proper maintenance and is not covered under warranty.
Who is Covered
This warranty covers the original purchaser of the product or other party who may own it during the warranty period.
What Apogee Will Do
At no charge Apogee will:
1. Either repair or replace (at our discretion) the item under warranty.
2. Ship the item back to the customer by the carrier of our choice.
Different or expedited shipping methods will be at the customer’s expense.
How To Return An Item
1. Please do not send any products back to Apogee Instruments until you have received a Return Merchandise

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: [phone] | FAX: [phone] | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2021 Apogee Instruments, Inc.
Authorization (RMA) number from our technical support department by submitting an online RMA form at
www.apogeeinstruments.com/tech-support-recalibration-repairs/. We will use your RMA number for tracking of the
service item. Call [phone] or email [e-mail] with questions.
2. For warranty evaluations, send all RMA sensors and meters back in the following condition: Clean the sensor’s exterior
and cord. Do not modify the sensors or wires, including splicing, cutting wire leads, etc. If a connector has been attached
to the cable end, please include the mating connector –otherwise the sensor connector will be removed in order to
complete the repair/recalibration. Note: When sending back sensors for routine calibration that have Apogee’s standard
stainless-steel connectors, you only need to send the sensor with the 30 cm section of cable and one-half of the
connector. We have mating connectors at our factory that can be used for calibrating the sensor.
3. Please write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping container.
4. Return the item with freight pre-paid and fully insured to our factory address shown below. We are not responsible for
any costs associated with the transportation of products across international borders.
Apogee Instruments, Inc.
721 West 1800 North Logan, UT
84321, USA
5. Upon receipt, Apogee Instruments will determine the cause of failure. If the product is found to be defective in terms
of operation to the published specifications due to a failure of product materials or craftsmanship, Apogee Instruments
will repair or replace the items free of charge. If it is determined that your product is not covered under warranty, you
will be informed and given an estimated repair/replacement cost.
PRODUCTS BEYOND THE WARRANTY PERIOD
For issues with sensors beyond the warranty period, please contact Apogee at [e-mail] to
discuss repair or replacement options.
OTHER TERMS
The available remedy of defects under this warranty is for the repair or replacement of the original product, and Apogee
Instruments is not responsible for any direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including but not limited to
loss of income, loss of revenue, loss of profit, loss of data, loss of wages, loss of time, loss of sales, accruement of debts
or expenses, injury to personal property, or injury to any person or any other type of damage or loss.
This limited warranty and any disputes arising out of or in connection with this limited warranty ("Disputes") shall be
governed by the laws of the State of Utah, USA, excluding conflicts of law principles and excluding the Convention for the
International Sale of Goods. The courts located in the State of Utah, USA, shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any
Disputes.
This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights, which vary from state to state
and jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and which shall not be affected by this limited warranty. This warranty extends only to
you and cannot by transferred or assigned. If any provision of this limited warranty is unlawful, void or unenforceable,
that provision shall be deemed severable and shall not affect any remaining provisions. In case of any inconsistency
between the English and other versions of this limited warranty, the English version shall prevail.
This warranty cannot be changed, assumed, or amended by any other person or agreement