Emerson Rosemount 148 User manual

Reference Manual
00809-0100-4148, Rev DA
June 2019
Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter

Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter
NOTICE
Read this manual before working with the product.
For personal and system safety, and for optimum product performance, make sure to thoroughly understand the contents
before installing, using, or maintaining this product.
The United States has two toll-free assistance numbers and one international number.
Customer Central 1-800-999-9307 (7:00 am to 7:00 pm CST)
National Response Center 1-800-654-7768 (24 hours a day) Equipment service needs
International 1-952-906-8888
CAUTION
The products described in this document are NOT designed for nuclear-qualified applications.
Using non-nuclear qualified products in applications that require nuclear-qualified hardware or products may cause inaccurate
readings. For information on Rosemount nuclear-qualified products, contact an Emerson Sales Representative.
2

Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 5
1.1 Safety messages...............................................................................................................................5
1.2 Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 6
1.3 Considerations................................................................................................................................. 7
1.4 Return of materials...........................................................................................................................8
1.5 Product recycling/disposal................................................................................................................9
Chapter 2 Installation...................................................................................................................11
2.1 Safety messages.............................................................................................................................11
2.2 Mounting....................................................................................................................................... 12
2.3 Installation..................................................................................................................................... 12
2.4 Set the switches............................................................................................................................. 15
2.5 Wiring............................................................................................................................................ 16
2.6 Power supply..................................................................................................................................20
Chapter 3 Configuration...............................................................................................................25
3.2 Safety messages.............................................................................................................................25
3.3 Rosemount 148 PC Programmer ................................................................................................... 25
Chapter 4 Operation and Maintenance.........................................................................................31
4.1 Safety messages.............................................................................................................................31
4.2 Hardware....................................................................................................................................... 31
Chapter 5 Reference Data.............................................................................................................35
5.1 Product Certifications.....................................................................................................................35
5.2 Ordering Information, Specifications, and Drawings.......................................................................35
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1 Introduction
1.1 Safety messages
Instructions and procedures in this section may require special precautions to ensure the
safety of the personnel performing the operations. Information that potentially raises
safety issues is indicated by a warning symbol . Refer to the following safety messages
before performing an operation preceded by this symbol.
WARNING
Failure to follow these installation guidelines could result in death or serious injury.
Ensure only qualified personnel perform the installation.
Explosions could result in death or serious injury.
•Do not remove the connection head cover in explosive atmospheres when the circuit is
live.
•Verify that the operating atmosphere of the transmitter is consistent with the
appropriate hazardous locations certifications.
•All connection head covers must be fully engaged to meet explosion-proof
requirements.
Process leaks could result in death or serious injury.
•Do not remove the thermowell while in operation.
•Install and tighten thermowells and sensors before applying pressure.
Electrical shock could cause death or serious injury.
Use extreme caution when making contact with the leads and terminals.
Physical access
•Unauthorized personnel may potentially cause significant damage to and/or
misconfiguration of end users’ equipment. This could be intentional or unintentional
and needs to be protected against.
•Physical security is an important part of any security program and fundamental to
protecting your system. Restrict physical access by unauthorized personnel to protect
end users’ assets. This is true for all systems used within the facility.
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1.2 Overview
This manual is designed to assist in the installation, operation, and maintenance of the
Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter.
Introduction
•Transmitter and manual overview
•Things to consider
•How to return the transmitter
Installation
•How to mount the transmitter
•How to install the transmitter
•How to set the switches to ensure proper use
•How to wire and power up the transmitter
Configuration
•Configuring the transmitter
Operation and Maintenance
•Explanation of hardware maintenance
Transmitter
Features of the Rosemount 148 include:
•Accepts inputs from a wide variety of RTD and thermocouple sensors
•Electronics that are completely encapsulated in silicone and enclosed in a plastic
housing, making the transmitter extremely durable, and ensuring long-term reliability.
•A compact size and multiple housing options allow mounting flexibility in the field
•Model code option that allows it to be assembled to any sensor, thermowell, and
extension accessory
Refer to the following literature for a full range of compatible connection heads, sensors,
and thermowells provided by Emerson:
•Rosemount 214C Temperature Sensors Product Data Sheet
•Rosemount Volume 1 Temperature Sensors and Accessories Product Data Sheet
•Rosemount DIN-Style Temperature Sensors and Thermowells (Metric) Product Data
Sheet
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Table 1-1: Headmount Revisions
Software release date Identify device Review instructions
NAMUR software
revision
NAMUR hardware
revision(1)
Reference Manual
June 2019 1.0.1 1.0.2 00809-0100-4148
(1) NAMUR Software Revision is located in the hardware tag of the device.
1.3 Considerations
1.3.1 General
Electrical temperature sensors such as RTDs and thermocouples produce low-level signals
proportional to the sensed temperature. The Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter
converts the low-level sensor signal to a standard 4–20 mA DC signal that is relatively
insensitive to lead length and electrical noise. This current signal is transmitted to the
control room via two wires.
1.3.2 Mechanical
Location
Take into account the need for access to the transmitter when choosing an installation
location.
Special mounting
Special hardware is available for mounting a Rosemount 148 head mount transmitter to a
DIN rail.
1.3.3 Electrical
Proper electrical installation is necessary to prevent errors due to sensor lead resistance
and electrical noise. For best results, shielded cable should be used in electrically noisy
environments.
Make wiring connections through the cable entry in the side of the connection head. Be
sure to provide adequate clearance for cover removal.
1.3.4 Environmental
The transmitter electronics module is permanently sealed within the housing, resisting
moisture and corrosive damage. Verify that the operating atmosphere of the transmitter
is consistent with the appropriate hazardous locations certifications.
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Temperature effects
The transmitter will operate within specifications for ambient temperatures between –40
and 85 °C (–40 and 185 °F). Heat from the process is transferred from the thermowell to
the transmitter housing. If the expected process temperature is near or above
specification limits, consider using additional thermowell lagging, and extension nipple, or
a remote mounting configuration to isolate the transmitter from the process.
Figure 1-1 provides an example of the relationship between transmitter housing
temperature rise and extension length.
Figure 1-1: Rosemount 148 Transmitter Connection Head Temperature Rise vs.
Extension Length
Example
The transmitter specification limit is 85 °C (185 °F). If the ambient temperature is 55 °C
(131 °F)and the process temperature to be measured is 800 °C (1472 °F), the maximum
permissible connection head temperature rise is the transmitter specification limit minus
the ambient temperature (moves from 85 to 55 °C), or 30 °C (86 °F).
In this case, an extension of 100 mm (3.94-in.) meets this requirement, but 125 mm (4.92-
in.) provides a margin of 8 °C (46.4 °F), thereby reducing any temperature effects in the
transmitter.
1.4 Return of materials
To expedite the return process in North America, call the Emerson National Response
Center toll-free at 1-800-654-7768. This center, available 24 hours a day, can assist with
any needed information or materials.
The center will ask for the following information:
•Product model
•Serial numbers
•The last process material to which the product was exposed
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The center will provide:
•A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number
•Instructions and procedures that are necessary to return goods that were exposed to
hazardous substances
Note
If a hazardous substance is identified, a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), required by law
to be available to people exposed to specific hazardous substances, must be included with
the returned materials.
Outside of North America, contact a local Emerson representative.
1.5 Product recycling/disposal
Recycling of equipment and packaging should be taken into consideration and disposed of
in accordance with local and national legislation/regulations.
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2 Installation
2.1 Safety messages
Instructions and procedures in this section may require special precautions to ensure the
safety of the personnel performing the operations. Information that potentially raises
safety issues is indicated by a warning symbol . Refer to the following safety messages
before performing an operation preceded by this symbol.
WARNING
Failure to follow these installation guidelines could result in death or serious injury.
Ensure only qualified personnel perform the installation.
Explosions could result in death or serious injury.
•Do not remove the connection head cover in explosive atmospheres when the circuit is
live.
•Verify that the operating atmosphere of the transmitter is consistent with the
appropriate hazardous locations certifications.
•All connection head covers must be fully engaged to meet explosion-proof
requirements.
Process leaks could result in death or serious injury.
•Do not remove the thermowell while in operation.
•Install and tighten thermowells and sensors before applying pressure.
Electrical shock could cause death or serious injury.
Use extreme caution when making contact with the leads and terminals.
Physical access
•Unauthorized personnel may potentially cause significant damage to and/or
misconfiguration of end users’ equipment. This could be intentional or unintentional
and needs to be protected against.
•Physical security is an important part of any security program and fundamental to
protecting your system. Restrict physical access by unauthorized personnel to protect
end users’ assets. This is true for all systems used within the facility.
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2.2 Mounting
Mount the transmitter at a high point in the conduit run to prevent moisture from draining
into the transmitter housing.
The Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter installs:
•In a connection head or universal head mounted directly on a sensor assembly
•Apart from a sensor assembly using a universal head
•To a DIN rail using an optional mounting clip
2.2.1 Mounting a Rosemount 148 to a DIN Rail
To attach a head mount transmitter to a DIN rail, assemble the appropriate rail mounting
kit (part number 00248-1601-0001) to the transmitter as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1: Assembling Rail Clip Hardware to a Rosemount 148
C
B
A
A. Mounting hardware
B. Transmitter
C. Rail clip
2.3 Installation
The Rosemount™ 148 Temperature Transmitter can be ordered assembled to a sensor
with the XA option code and thermowell or as a stand-alone unit. If ordered without the
sensor assembly, use the following guidelines when installing the transmitter with an
integral sensor assembly.
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2.3.1 Head mount transmitter with DIN plate style sensor
This type of installation is typical in Europe and Asia Pacific.
Procedure
1. Attach the thermowell to the pipe or process container wall.
2. Install and tighten thermowells before applying process pressure.
3. Assemble the transmitter to the sensor.
a) Push the transmitter mounting screws through the sensor mounting plate.
b) Insert the snap rings (optional) into the transmitter mounting screw groove.
4. Wire the sensor to the transmitter.
5. Insert the transmitter-sensor assembly into the connection head.
a) Thread the transmitter mounting screw into the connection head mounting
holes.
b) Assemble the extension to the connection head.
c) Insert the assembly into the thermowell.
6. Slip the shielded cable though the cable gland.
7. Attach a cable gland into the shielded cable.
8. Insert the shielded cable leads into the connection head through the cable entry.
9. Connect and tighten the cable gland.
10. Connect the shielded power cable leads to the transmitter power terminals.
Avoid contact with sensor leads and sensor connections.
11. Install and tighten the connection head cover.
WARNING
Explosions
Make sure enclosure covers are fully engaged to meet explosion-proof
requirements.
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Example
Figure 2-2: Typical European and Asia Pacific Installation
B D F
A
C E
A. Transmitter mounting screws
B. Rosemount™ 148 Transmitter
C. Integral mount sensor with flying leads
D. Connection head
E. Extension
F. Thermowell
2.3.2 Head mount transmitter with threaded sensor
This type of installation is typical in North and South America.
Procedure
1. Attach the thermowell to the pipe or process container wall.
2. Install and tighten the thermowell before applying process pressure.
3. Attach necessary extension nipples and adapters to the thermowell.
4. Seal the nipple and adapter threads with silicone tape.
5. Screw the sensor into the thermowell.
6. Install drain seals if required for severe environments or to satisfy code
requirements.
7. Pull the sensor wiring leads through the universal head and transmitter.
8. Mount the transmitter in the universal head by threading the transmitter mounting
screws into the universal head mounting holes.
9. Mount the transmitter-sensor assembly into the thermowell.
10. Seal adapter threads with silicone tape.
11. Install conduit for field wiring to the conduit entry of the universal head.
12. Seal conduit threads with silicone tape.
13. Pull the field wiring leads through the conduit into the universal head.
14. Attach the sensor and power leads to the transmitter.
Avoid contact with other terminals.
15. Install and tighten the universal head cover.
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WARNING
Explosions
Fully engage enclosure covers to meet explosion-proof requirements.
Example
Figure 2-3: Typical North and South American Installation
A C D
BE
A. Threaded thermowell
B. Standard extension
C. Threaded style sensor
D. Universal head
E. Conduit entry
2.4 Set the switches
2.4.1 Failure mode
As part of normal operation, each transmitter continuously monitors its own performance.
This automatic diagnostics routine is a timed series of checks repeated continuously. If
diagnostics detect an input sensor failure or a failure in the transmitter electronics, the
transmitter drives its output to low or high alarm depending on the failure mode
configuration. If the sensor (process) temperature value is out of range, the transmitter
outputs default saturation values. Low end saturation levels are either 3.90 or 3.80 mA and
the high end saturation level is 20.5 mA. Corresponding NAMUR compliant operation
levels are 3.80 and 20.5 mA. These values are also custom configurable by the factory or
using the Rosemount 148 PC Programmer interface. See Configuration for instructions on
how to change the alarm and saturation levels with the 148 PC Programmer.
Note
Microprocessor failures cause high alarm regardless of alarm direction (high or low)
choice.
The values to which the transmitter drives its output in failure mode depend on whether it
is configured to standard, NAMUR-compliant, or custom operations. See (★) for standard
and NAMUR-compliant operation parameters in the Rosemount 148 Product Data Sheet.
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2.5 Wiring
WARNING
Electrical shock could cause death or serious injury.
All power to the transmitter is supplied over the signal wiring. Use ordinary copper wire
of sufficient size to ensure that the voltage across the transmitter power terminals does
not drop below 12.0 Vdc.
Verify that the operating atmosphere of the transmitter is consistent with the
appropriate hazardous locations certifications.
Use extreme caution when making contact with the leads and terminals. If the sensor is
installed in a high-voltage environment and a fault condition or installation error
occurs, the sensor leads and transmitter terminals could carry lethal voltages.
NOTICE
Do not apply high voltage (e.g., AC line voltage) to the transmitter terminals, since
abnormally high voltage can damage the unit. (Sensor and transmitter power terminals
are rated to 42.4 Vdc).
Note
The transmitters will accept inputs from a variety of RTD and thermocouple types. Refer to
Figure 2-5 when making sensor connections.
Use the following steps to wire the transmitter:
Procedure
1. Remove the terminal block cover, if applicable.
2. Connect the positive power lead to the “+” terminal. Connect the negative power
lead to the “-” terminal. See Figure 2-4. Use extreme caution when making contact
with the leads and terminals.
3. Tighten the terminal screws.
4. Reattach and tighten the cover, if applicable. All connection head covers must be
fully engaged to met explosion-proof requirements.
5. Apply power (see “Power supply”)
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Example
Figure 2-4: Rosemount 148 Wiring
A
B
1.77
(45)
1.30
(33)
A. Sensor terminals
B. Power/communication terminals
Signal loop may be grounded at any single point or left ungrounded.
2.5.1 Sensor connections
The Rosemount™ 148 is compatible with a number of RTD and thermocouple sensor types.
Figure 2-5 shows the correct input connections to the sensor terminals on the transmitter.
To ensure a proper sensor connection, anchor the sensor lead wires into the appropriate
compression terminals and tighten the screws.
CAUTION
Use extreme caution when making contact with the leads and terminals.
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Figure 2-5: Rosemount 148 Sensor Connections Diagram
Thermocouple
The thermocouple can be connected directly to the transmitter. Use appropriate
thermocouple extension wire if mounting the transmitter remotely from the sensor.
RTD or ohm inputs
The Rosemount 148 will accept a variety of RTD configurations, including 2-, 3-, and 4-
wire designs. If the transmitter is mounted remotely from a 3- or 4-wire RTD, it will
operate within specifications, without recalibration, for lead wire resistances of up to 60 Ω
per lead (equivalent to 6,000 ft. of 20 AWG wire). In this case, the leads between the RTD
and transmitter should be shielded. If using only two leads, both RTD leads are in series
with the sensor element, so significant errors can occur if the lead lengths exceed three ft.
of 20 AWG wire (approximately 0.05 °C/ft,). For longer runs, attach a third of fourth lead as
described above.
Sensor lead wire resistance effect-RTD input
For 2- and 3-wire RTDs, an additional lead wire resistance error is induced with ambient
temperature variations. Using the same type of wire on all lead wires will make the
installation as accurate as possible.
When using a 4-wire RTD, the effect of lead resistance is eliminated and has no impact on
accuracy. A 3-wire sensor will not fully cancel lead resistance error because it cannot
compensate for imbalances in resistance between the lead wires. Using the same type of
wire on all three lead wires will make a 3-wire RTD installation as accurate as possible. A 2-
wire sensor will produce the largest error because it directly adds the lead wire resistance
to the sensor resistance. For 2- and 3-wire RTDs, an additional lead wire resistance error is
induced with ambient temperature variations. The table and the examples shown below
help quantify these errors.
Table 2-1: Examples of Approximate Basic Error
Sensor input Approximate basic error
4-wire RTD None (independent of lead wire resistance)
3-wire RTD ± 1.0 Ω in reading per ohm of unbalanced lead wire resistance
(Unbalanced lead wire resistance = maximum imbalance
between any two leads.)
2-wire RTD 1.0 Ω in reading per ohm of lead wire resistance
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Examples of approximate lead wire resistance effect
calculations
Given: Total cable length: 150 m
Imbalance of the lead wires at 20 °C: 0.5 Ω
Resistance/length (18 AWG Cu): 0.025 Ω/m °C
Temperature coefficient of Cu (αCu): 0.039 Ω/Ω °C
Temperature coefficient of Pt (αPt): 0.00385 Ω/Ω °C
Change in Ambient Temperature (ΔTamb): 25 °C
RTD Resistance at 0 °C (Ro): 100 Ω (for Pt 100 RTD)
•Pt100 4-wire RTD: No lead wire resistance effect.
•Pt100 3-wire RTD:
Lead wire imbalance seen by the transmitter = 0.5 Ω
•Pt100 2-wire RTD:
Lead wire resistance seen by the transmitter = 150 m × 2 wires × 0.025 Ω/m =
7.5 Ω
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2.6 Power supply
The power supplied to the transmitter should not drop below the transmitter lift-off
voltage of 12 Vdc.
2.6.1 Surges/transients
The transmitter will withstand electrical transients of the energy level encountered in
static discharges or induced switching transients. However, high-energy transients, such
as those induced in wiring from nearby lightening strikes, welding, heavy electrical
equipment, or switching gears, can damage both the transmitter and the sensor.
2.6.2 Ground the transmitter
The transmitter will operate with the current signal loop either floating or grounded.
However, the extra noise in floating systems affects many types of readout devices. If the
signal appears noisy or erratic, grounding the current signal loop at a single point may
solve the problem. The best place to ground the loop is at the negative terminal of the
power supply. Do not ground the current signal loop at more than one point.
The transmitter is electrically isolated at 500 Vac rms (707 Vdc) at 50/60 Hz, so the input
circuit may also be grounded at any single point. When using a grounded thermocouple,
the grounded junction serves as this point.
Note
Do not ground the signal wire at both ends.
Ungrounded thermocouple, and RTD/ohm inputs
Each process installation has different requirements for grounding. Use the grounding
options recommended by the facility for the specific sensor type, or begin with the
grounded housing option (the most common).
Ground the transmitter: Option 1
Use this method for grounded housing.
Procedure
1. Connect sensor wiring shield to the transmitter housing.
2. Ensure the sensor shield is electrically isolated from surrounding fixtures that may
be grounded.
3. Ground signal wiring shield at the power supply end.
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