Goodwe GW3648D-ES User manual

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ES SERIES USER MANUAL
HYBRID INVERTER
No.189 Kun Lun Shan Road, SND, Jiangsu, China.
www.goodwe.com
[email protected]
Jiangsu GoodWe Power Supply Technology Co.,Ltd
340-00004-03 Version: 1.0

INTRODUCTION
021.2 SAFETY & WARNINGS
041.3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
011.1 OPERATION MODES INTRODUCTION
01
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
052.1 UNACCEPTABLE INSTALLATIONS
052.2 PACKING LIST
062.3 MOUNTING
062.3.1 SELECT MOUNTING LOCATION
072.3.2 MOUNTING
082.4 ELECTRICAL WIRING CONNECTION
082.4.1 PV CONNECTION
092.4.2 BATTERY CONNECTION
112.4.3 ON-GRID & BACK-UP CONNECTION
132.4.4 EZMETER & CT CONNECTION
142.5 DRED & EARTH FAULT ALARM
142.5.1 DRED CONNECTION
142.5.2 EARTH FAULT ALARM
02
MANUAL OPERATION
173.1 WIFI CONFIGURATION & WIFI RELOAD
183.2 PV MASTER APP OPERATION
183.3 CEI AUTO-TEST INSTRUCTION
03
OTHERS
194.1 ERROR MESSAGE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
254.2 DISCLAIMER
264.3 TECHNICAL PARAMETERS AND CERTIFICATES
284.4 WARINING QUICK CHECK LIST
04
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.1 OPERATION MODES INTRODUCTION
The ES series inverters of Jiangsu GoodWe Power Supply Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called as
GoodWe) strictly comply with related safety rules for product design and testing. Please read and
follow all the instructions and cautions on the inverter or user manual during installation, operation or
maintenance, as any improper operation might cause personal or property damage.
GoodWe ES series, also called hybrid or bidirectional solar inverters, apply to solar system with
participation of PV, battery, loads and grid system for energy management.
The energy produced by PV system shall be used to optimize self-consumption, excess power charge
battery and the rest power could be exported to the grid.
Battery shall discharge to support loads when PV power is insufficient to meet self-consumption. If
battery power is not sufficient, the system will take power from grid to support loads.
ES system normally has the following operation modes based on your configuration and layout conditions
1.2 SAFETY & WARNING
• SYMBOLS EXPLANATION
INTRODUCTION01
Caution!
Failing to observe a warning indicated in this manual may result in injury.
Danger of high voltage and electric shock!
Components of the product can be recycled.
This side up! The package must always be transported, handled and stored in such a
way that the arrows always point upwards.
Danger of hot surface!
No more than six (6) identical packages being stacked on each other.
Product should not be disposed as household waste.
The package/product should be handled carefully and never be tipped over or slung.
Refer to the operating instructions.
Keep dry! The package/product must be protected from excessive humidity and must
be stored under cover.
Inverter will be touchable or operable after minimum 5 minutes of being turned off or
totally disconnected, in case of any electrical shock or injury.
CE Mark
Note: the introduction describes a general behavior of ES
system. The operation mode can be adjusted on GoodWe
PV Master APP based on the system layout. Below are the
general operation modes for ES system:
The energy produced by the PV system is used to
optimize self-consumption. The excess energy is used to
recharge the batteries, then exported to grid.
Mode Ⅰ
When there is no PV, and the battery is sufficient , it can
supply the load together with grid power.
Mode Ⅱ
When grid fails , the system automatically switches to
Back-Up mode. The Back-Up load can be supported by
PV and battery.
Mode Ⅲ
Battery can be charged by grid, and charging
time/power can be set flexibly on PV Master APP.
Mode Ⅳ
02
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
01

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
• SAFETY WARNING 1.3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Any installation and operation on inverter must be performed by qualified electricians, in compliance
with standards, wiring rules or requirements of local grid authorities or companies (like AS 4777 and
AS/NZS 3000 in Australia).
Before any wiring connection or electrical operation on inverter, all DC and AC power must be
disconnected from inverter for at least 5 minutes to make sure inverter is totally isolated to
avoid electric shock.
The temperature of inverter surface might exceed 60℃during working, so please make sure it
is cooled down before touching it, and make sure the inverter is untouchable for children.
Usage and operation of the inverter must follow instructions in this user manual, otherwise the
protection design might be useless and warranty for the inverter will be invalid.
PV negative (PV-) on inverter side is not grounded as default design.
The inverter, with built-in RCMU, will exclude possibility of DC residual current to 6mA, thus in
the system an external RCD (type A) can be used(≥30mA).
IN Australia, output of Back-Up side in switchbox should be labeled ‘Main Switch UPS supply’,
the output of normal load side in switch box should be labeled ‘Main Switch Inverter Supply’.
Do not open inverter cover or change any components without GoodWe’s authorization,
otherwise the warranty commitment for the inverter will be invalid.
Appropriate methods must be adopted to protect inverter from static damage. Any damage
caused by static is not warranted by GoodWe.
PV modules used on the inverter must have an IEC61730 class A rating, and the total
open-circuit voltage of PV string/array is lower than the maximum rated DC input voltage of the
inverter. Any damage caused by PV over-voltage is beyond warranty.
In Australia, the inverter internal switching does not maintain neutral integrity, which must be
addressed by external connection arrangements like in the Off-Grid System Connection
Diagram in page 16.
0403
WiFi NOT CONNECT TO ROUTER
PV Terminals
Battery Terminals
Reserved RS485
Back-Up Port
On-Grid Port
DC Switch
LED Lable
To Battery
To EzMeter
DRED
Wi-Fi Box
BMS Communication Cable
EzMeter Communication Cable

Battery
CANNOT CONNECT TO
INCOMPATIBLE BATTERIES
Incompatible battery
2.1 UNACCEPTABLE INSTALLATIONS
2.2 PACKING LIST
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
05 06
Please avoid the following installations, which will damage the system or the inverter.
On receiving the inverter, please check to make sure all the components as below are not missing or
broken.
SINGLE PV STRING CANNOT CONNECT TO TWO OR MORE INVERTERS.
Back-Up On-Grid
Battery Battery
ONE EZMETER CANNOT CONNECT TO MULTI INVERTERS, AND
DIFFERENT CT CANNOT CONNECT TO A SAME FIER CABLE.
ONE BATTERY BANK CANNOT BE CONNECT TO
MULTI INVERTERS.
EzMeter
ON-GRID OR BACK-UP SIDE CANNOT
CONNECT TO ANY AC GENERATOR.
Generator
2.3.1 SELECT MOUNTING LOCATION
2.3 MOUNTING
Rule 1. Inverter should be installed on a solid surface, where is suitable for inverter’s dimensions and
weight.
Rule 2. Inverter installation should stand vertically or lie on a slop by max 15° (Pic 1)
Rule 3. Ambient temperature should be lower than 45℃
Rule 4. The installation of inverter should be protected under shelter from direct sunlight or bad
weather like snow, rain, lightning etc. (Pic 2)
Rule 5. Inverter should be installed at eye level for convenient maintenance.
Rule 6. Product label on inverter should be clearly visible after installation.
Rule 7. Leave enough space around inverter following the values on pic 3.
Direct Sunlight Exposure to Rain Exposure to SnowNo Direct Sunlight No Exposure to Rain No Exposure to Snow
Pic 2
Upward----------
Downward------
Front-------------
Both sides-------
300mm
500mm
300mm
200mm
300mm
300mm
200mm 200mm
500mm
Pic 3
Inverter cannot be installed near flammable, explosive or strong electro-magnetic
equipment.[1]
Pic 1
For inverter’s protection and convenient maintenance, mounting location for inverter should be
selected carefully based on the following rules:
Max
15°
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS02
Wall-mounted
Bracket×1Inverter×1 AC Cover×1Positive DC Plug×2
or
Negative DC Plug×2
or
Battery cover × 1EzMeter & CT × 1
User Manual×1Expansion Bolts×6
Hexagon head
screw × 2 Pan head screw × 6 Pin Terminal × 6PE terminal × 1Battery terminal × 2
Quick Installation
Guide×1
BACK-UP SIDE CANNOT CONNECT
TO GRID
Back-Up On-Grid
BACK-UP CANNOT CONNECT IN PARALLEL.
Load
Back-Up Back-Up PV PV

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
07 08
2.3.2 MOUNTING
Remember that this inverter is heavy! Please be careful when lifting out from the package.[2]
The polarity of PV strings or on the inverter cannot be connected by reverse, otherwise
inverter could be damaged.[3]
Step 2
Connect PV cable to DC connectors (Pic 9)
2.4.1 PV CONNECTION
Before connecting PV panels/strings to inverter, please make sure requirements are followed as below :
NOTE：There will be MC4 or Amphenol DC plugs in accessory box, the detailed connection as below:
• The minimum isolation resistance to ground of the PV string must
exceed 18.33kΩ in case of any shock hazard
• PV strings could not connect to earth/grounding conductor
• Use the DC plugs in the accessory box
• The total short-circuit current of PV string must not exceed
inverter’s max DC current
NOTE:
• Please use DC plugs and connectors in
GoodWe accessory box
• PV cable should be standard, 2.5-4mm2 PV
cable
NOTE:
NOTE:
• PV cable must be tightly crimped into the
connectors
• For Amphenol connector, the limit buckle
cannot be pressed
• There will be a click sound if connectors are
inset correctly into DC plugs
• There will be a
click sound if
connectors are
inset correctly into
DC plugs
Prepare PV cables and DC plugs (Pic 8)
Screw the cap on and plug onto inverter side (Pic 10)
MC4 series AMPHENOL series
2.5-4mm²
7mm
2.5-4mm²
7mm
Pic 8 Pic 9
2.4 ELECTRICAL WIRING CONNECTION
Pic 10
NOTE: Bearing capacity of the wall must be higher
than 30KG, otherwise may not be able to keep
inverter from dropping.
• Please use the mounting bracket as a template to
drill 6 holes on right positions (10mm in diameter,
and 80mm in depth) (Pic 4)
• Use expansion bolts in accessory box and fix the
mounting bracket onto the wall tightly
self-tapping
screws
Wall bracket Expansion pipe
Step 1
Pic 4
Step 2
Carry the inverter by holding the heating
sink on two sides and Place the inverter on
the mounting bracket. (Pic 5)
NOTE: Make sure the heat sink on inverter is
rightly joint with mounting bracket.
Pic 5
A lock could be used for anti-theft if it is
necessary for individual requirement.
(Pic 7)
Step 4
Pic 7
Step 3
Ground cable shall be connected to ground
plate on grid side (Pic 6)
Pic 6
Step 1 Step 2
Step 3
The inverter is suitable for mounting on concrete or other non-combustible surface only

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
10
Battery wiring connection steps as below:
• Please be careful against any electric shock or chemical hazard
• For lithium battery (pack) the capacity should be 50Ah or larger. Lead acid batteries are not allowed
to use with GoodWe hybrid inverters without GoodWe's authority. Battery cable requirement as
below. (Pic 11)
• Make sure there is an external DC switch (≥125A) connected for battery without build-in DC
switch
2.4.2 BATTERY CONNECTION
Make sure battery switch is off and battery nominal voltage meet ES specification before
connecting battery to inverter and make sure inverter is totally isolated from PV and AC power.[4]
NOTE:
1. Please use accessories from GoodWe box
2. Battery power cable should be 20-25 mm²
NOTE: Please make sure polarity (+/-) of
battery are not reversed
Prepare battery cables and accessories and put
battery power cable through battery cover (Pic 12 )
Step 2
Make battery terminals (Pic 13)
• Strip cable coat, revealing10mm length of metal core
• Use special crimper to compress battery terminal tightly
Grade Description Value
BIsolation section NA
A O.D. 10-12mm
CConductor Core 20-25mm²
Use Special Tool to Crimp
Connect battery terminals onto inverter
(Pic 14)
Pan Head Screw
Hexagon Head Screw
• FOR LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
NOTE:
• Under off-grid mode, if Back-Up supply shuts off because of battery of low battery SOC or voltage, PV
power will all be used to charge battery till battery SOC reaches 40% + (1-DOD)/2, then Back-Up supply
will be activated up.
• Under on-grid mode , battery is protected from over discharge by DOD and discharge voltage, under
off-grid mode , it is protected by only discharge voltage and DOD.
• The DOD setting of a battery prevents the inverter from discharging battery reserve power. As soon as
the DOD is reached the load of building will only be supported by either PV power or from the grid. If there
are continuous days when little or no battery charging occurs, the battery may continue to self-consume
energy to support communications with the inverter. This behaviour is different between battery
manufactures products, however, if the SOC of the battery reaches a certain level the inverter will boost the
SOC back up. This protection mechanism safeguards the battery to falling to 0% SOC.
* For the compatible lithium batteries (LG/Pylon/BYD/GCL) connection, please refer to battery
connection part in ES QUICK INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.
09
Battery Terminal
Waterproof Ring
Screw Cap
Insulator
Cable
Pic 11
Pic 12
Pic 13
Pic 14
Step 1
Step 3
Battery will act a protective charge/discharge current limitation under any condition as below:
When charge/discharge current limitation protection happens:
For lead-acid batteries, battery SOC calculation might not be so accurate result from like
battery inconformity between cells, battery aging or other specifications of lead-acid battery etc.
For lead-acid battery bank, the inconformity between battery cells might lead to battery cell
over-charge or discharge, and further might damage battery cells and shorten battery bank life
For lead-acid battery settings on PV Master App, please honestly refer to battery specifications
and the actually battery work condition like work temperature and battery age. Unsuitable
settings will lead to higher SOC deviation, weaker battery lifespan and further battery damage.
GoodWe will keep the right for explanation on all the settings suggested and all the problems
happened on lead-acid batteries or the whole system. And GoodWe is not responsible for any
damage caused by unsuitable settings, battery beyond warranty or battery quality etc.
For ES series inverters there is no temperature compensation, thus customers need do battery
settings based on the real working temperature of battery.
Lead-Acid and other similar older-technology battery types require experienced and precise
design, installation and maintenance to work effectively. For details, please refer to Approved
Battery Option Statement (download from www.goodwe.com)
• BATTERY PROTECTION DESCRIPTION
• Under on-grid mode, battery charge/discharge operation could be abnormal
• Under off-grid mode, Back-Up supply will shut down
• Battery SOC is lower than 1-DOD
• Battery voltage lower than discharge voltage
• Battery communication abnormal for lithium battery
• BMS limitation for lithium battery
• Battery over temperature protection
Fastening torsion 6-8N.m

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
11 12
2.4.3 ON-GRID & BACK-UP CONNECTION
An external AC switch (≥40A) is needed for on-grid connection to isolate from grid when necessary.
Below are the requirements on AC switch use:
1. Use a separate AC switch for individual
inverter (Pic 15)
2. On AC side, the individual switch should be
connected before loads (between inverter and
loads) (Pic 16)
• Equirement on AC cable connected on On-Grid and Back-Up side:
Loads
AC Switch Grid
AC Switch AC Switch
AC Switch
Pic 15 Pic 16
Special Adjustable Settings
The inverter has field adjustable setting like tripping point, tripping time, reconnect time, active and invalid
of QU/PU curves etc. by special firmware. Please contact GoodWe after-sales for the special firmware and
adjust methods.
Connection for SPLIT Grid System
In SPLIT grid system, there is a solution to allow inverter work under on-grid condition (Pic 20). But the
export power and load power might be detected inaccurately as the nominal output power of inverter is
230V and there could be loads of 110V or 220V
Back-Up Load (230V)
L1
N
L2
CT
220V Load
1 4
“To EzMeter”
110V Load
220V
110V
110V
Pic 20
Make sure inverter is totally isolated from any DC or AC power before connectiong AC
cable[5].
NOTE:
1. Neutral cable shall be blue, line cable black or brown (preferred) and protective earth cable
yellow-green.
2. For AC cables, PE cable shall be longer than N & L cables, so that if in any case AC cable slips or taken
out, the protecting earth conductor will be the last to take the strain Declaration For Back-Up Loads
GoodWe ES inverter is able to supply a continuous 4600VA output or max 6900VA in less than 10
seconds on Back-Up side to support backup loads. And the inverter has self-protection derating at high
ambient temperature.
Declaration For Back-Up Overload Protection
Inverter will restart itself as overload protection happens. The preparation time for restarting will be
longer and longer (max one hour) if overload protection repeats. Take following steps to restart
inverter immediately:
Accepted loads as below:
For a convenient maintenance, an SP3T
switch could be installed on Back-Up and
On-Grid side. Then it is adjustable to
support load by Back-Up or by grid or just
leave it there (Pic 21)
• Inductive Load: Max 1.5KVA for single inductive load, max 2.5KVA for total inductive load power
• Capacitive load: Total capacitive load (like computer, switch power etc.) power ≤3.0KVA
(Any load with high inrush current at start-up is not accepted)
• Decrease Back-Up load power within max limitation
• On PV Master →Advanced Setting →Click “Reset Back-Up Overload History”
Back-up
Loads Grid
On-grid
1
2
3
SP3T
1:Load is supplied from Back-Up side
2:Load is isolated
3:Load is supplied from grid side
Pic 21
Pic 17
1.Prepare the terminals and AC cables
2.Put AC cable through terminal cover follow the sequence
as on the left (pic 17)
Note: Please use the terminals in GoodWe components box
Step 1
Cable
Screw Cap
Single hole
seal ring
The
Insulator
AC Cover Connection Terminal
1.Connect the assambled AC terminals onto inverter
2. Lock the cover and screw the cap on
Note: Make sure it is not connected to a
wrong side (Pic 19)
Pic 19
Pic 18
Press the six connectors on cable conductor core tightly (pic 18)
Note: Make sure cable jacket is not locked within the connector
Step 2
Step 3
Fastening torsion 2-2.5N.m
Note: The absence of AC breaker on Back-Up side will lead to inverter damage if only electrical
short-circuit happend on Back-Up side.

Note: DRED device should be connected
through “DRED port” as on the figure shows.
NOTE:
1. The EzMeter and CT is well configured, please do not change any setting on EzMeter;
2. One EzMeter& CT can only be used for one ES inverter;
3. CT must be connected on the same phase with EzMeter power cable
NOTE:
1.Please use the EzMeter and CT in GoodWe product box;
2.CT cable is 3m as default, could be extended to max 5m
3.EzMeter communication cable (RJ45) is attached on the inverter (“To EzMeter” cable), could be
extended to max 100m, and must use standard RJ45 cable and plug, as below:
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
13 14
2.4.4 EZMETER & CT CONNECTION
The EzMeter with CT in GoodWe product box is compulsory for ES system installation, used to
detect grid voltage and current direction and magnitude, further to instruct the operation condition of
ES inverter via RS485 communication.
Customer can also check if EzMeter communication OK on PV Master by clicking Grid symbol on
home page of Local Configuration - EzMeter Communication Status, where should be “OK”
Color BMS Function EzMeter Function
Orange NC NC
Orange&white 485_A2 NC
Green&white 485_B2 485_B1
Blue CAN_H NC
Blue&white CAN_L NC
Green NC 485_A1
Brown&white NC 485_B1
Brown
Position
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8 NC 485_A1
RS485
485_B
485_A
485_A
NC
NC
485_B
NC
NC
OFF Blinking
Com (Red) Communication fail Communication OK
RUN Not working Working Normally
R-P (Red) Sale power to grid /
---- (Red) / /
ON
/
/
Buy power from grid
Negative value indicator
2.5 DRED & EARTH FAULT ALARM
2.5.1 DRED CONNECTION
2.5.2 EARTH FAULT ALARM CONNECTION
DRED is only for Australian and New Zealand installations, in compliance with Australian and New
Zealand safety requirements. And DRED device is not provided by GoodWe.
GoodWe ES series inverter complies with IEC 62109-2 13.9. Fault indicator LED on inverter cover
will light up and the system will email the fault information to customer.
Detailed connection of DRED device is shown below:
Screw this plate off from inverter (Pic 23)
1. PLUG OUT the 6-Pin terminal and dismantle
the resistance on it (Pic 24)
2.PLUG THE RESISTANCE OUT, leave the
6-Pin terminal for next step.
Note: the 6-Pin terminal in the inverter has the
same function of DRED device. Please leave it on
the inverter if no external device connected.
1. Put DRED cable through the plate as shown
on pic 25
2. Connect DRED cable on the 6-pin terminal.
The function of each connection position as
below:
Step 4: Connect DRED terminal to the right
position onto the inverter (Pic 26)
1
DRM1/5
2
DRM2/6
3
DRM3/7
4
DRM4/8
5
REFGEN COM/DRMO
6
Function
NO
1 2 3 45 6
Cable
Screw
Cap
Single hole
seal ring
RS485
communica tion board
The
Insulator
NutScrew
• EzMeter & CT Connection Diagram (Pic 22)
• EzMeter LED Indications
10m
EzMeter
House
House→Grid
CT
N
L1
L3
L2
1 4
Com
RUN
R-P
----
Make sure AC cable is totally isolated from AC power before connecting EzMeter and CT[6]
Pic 22
Pic 23
Pic 24
Pic 25
Pic 26
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4

NOTE:For Australian safety country, the neutral cable of On-Grid side and Back-Up side must be
connected together, otherwise Back-Up function will not work.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
15 16
• SYSTEM CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
This diagram is an example for Australian and New
Zealand grid system.
On-Grid
Back-Up
L
N
Solar
Array
48V
Battery
L
N
PE
Back-Up
Loads
RCD
RCD
L
N
PE
Main
Switch
Normal Loads
LN
PE
EARTH
L
N
PE
Grid
EzMeter
RS485
GoodWe ES Series
Hybrid Inverter
Note:This diagram is an example for grid systems
without special requirement on electrical wiring
connection.
On-Grid
Back-Up
L
N
Solar
Array
48V
Battery
L
N
PE
Back-Up
Loads
RCD
L
N
PE
Main
Switch
Normal Loads
LN
PE
EARTH
L
N
PE
Grid
EzMeter
RS485
GoodWe ES Series
Hybrid Inverter
RCD
Solar
Array
This diagram is an example for off-grid system
On-Grid
Back-Up
SWITCH BOX
L
N
RCD
L
N
PE
Back-Up
Loads
EARTH
GoodWe ES Series
Hybrid Inverter
48V
Battery
• WIRING SYSTEM FOR ES SERIES HYBRID INVERTER
1.For batteries with attached switch, the external DC switch is not necessary 2.Only for lithium battery which has BMS communication 3.Direction of the CT cannot be connected in reverse, please follow “House→Grid” direction to do the connection 4.AC Breaker≥50A
PV Strings DC Breaker
≥125A*1
'To Battery' Cable
AC Breaker
*4
AC Breaker
*4
‘To EzMeter’
House →Grid
Power Meter
Grid
Battery Back-Up Load
On-Grid Load
CT*3
14
L1 L2 L3
N
PE
L
N
PE
Grid
House→Grid
House→Grid