Kodak RVG User manual

CS4000-00_en
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography
Systems
User’s Guide

Notice
© Eastman Kodak Company, 2006. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, translated to another language, or transmitted in any form by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopied, recorded, or otherwise, without prior written
permission.
NEITHER EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY NOR ANY OF ITS SUBSIDIARIES
MAKE ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THIS MATERIAL,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
The information in this document is subject to change. Neither Eastman Kodak Company
nor any of its subsidiaries shall be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental
damages in conjunction with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Kodak and RVG are trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company.
RINN is a trademark of Dentsply International, Inc.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective
holders.
Current Dental Terminology copyright © 2002, 2004 American Dental Association
U.S. Federal law restricts the Kodak RVG sensor to sale by or on the order of a dentist or
physician.
Manual Name: KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide
Part Number: CS4000_en
Revision Number: 00
Print Date: June 2006
This document was originally written in English.
The names of persons and the data reflected in this guide are fictitious and are not intended
to represent any real individual, event, or condition. Any resemblance or similarity of the
names of persons or data reflected in this guide to any actual person’s name or any event
or condition is purely coincidental and unintended.
Made in France by Kodak-Trophy
A Subsidiary of Eastman Kodak Company
Marne-la-Vallée, France

KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) iii
About This Guide
This manual contains information on using the
following products:
•KODAK RVG 5100 digital radiography sensor
•KODAK RVG 6100 digital radiography sensor
The following list describes information contained in
each chapter of this guide:
1 Compliance and Safety Describes compliance
information and indicates
potential risks to personnel or
equipment.
2 Getting Started Describes preliminary use of the
sensor.
3 Acquiring Images Describes the procedures for
acquiring images.
4 Disinfecting and
Maintaining the Sensor Describes the procedures for disinfecting and maintaining the
sensor.
5 Troubleshooting Images Describes techniques for
producing better images.
Note
Contact your Kodak
dealer for any additional
information you may
need.

Foreword
iv About This Guide
Foreword
For optimum image display and processing quality, use
the sensor with the Kodak dental imaging software.
The Kodak dental imaging software is specifically
designed to make the most of the capabilities of the
sensor.
The sensor is a class I device in accordance with
annex VII of directive 93/42/EEC concerning medical
devices. The CE marking guarantees compliance with
the main requirements of this directive.
A thorough review of this user guide is necessary to
fully use the sensor.

KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 1–1
Chapter 1
Compliance and Safety
This chapter includes the following topics:
•Ensuring Compliance with Applicable Standards
on page 1–1
•Directive 93/42/CEE Concerning Medical
Devices on page 1–2
•Marking and Labeling Symbols on page 1–2
•Non-Medical Devices on page 1–3
Ensuring Compliance with
Applicable Standards
The electronics used in the sensor are designed to
observe all applicable standards.
Do the following to ensure compliance with the
applicable standards:
•After installation, ensure that the system does not
represent any risk to the operator or patient.
•Ensure all equipment associated with the system
bears a CE marking.
•Check that the electrical network complies with
the current standards of the country of installation.

Directive 93/42/CEE Concerning Medical Devices
1–2 Compliance and Safety
Directive 93/42/CEE
Concerning Medical
Devices
The sensor belongs to class I of the Directive
Concerning Medical Devices. The sensor is an active
device that temporarily penetrates the body through a
body orifice for diagnostic purposes. The applicable
European standards are the General requirements
for Safety (IEC/EN 60601-1 and collaterals) and
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EN 60601-1-2).
Marking and Labeling
Symbols
Table 1–1 describes the applicable marking and
labeling symbols.
Table 1–1 Marking and Labeling Symbols
Label Description
Type BF Device
The sensor is a Type BF device.
WEEE Symbol
In the European Union, this symbol indicates
that when the last user discards this product,
it must be sent to appropriate facilities for
recovery and recycling. Contact your
local Kodak representative or refer to
www.kodak.com/go/recycle for additional
information on the collection and recovery
programs available for this product.

Non-Medical Devices
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 1–3
Non-Medical Devices
Non-Medical Device
Warning
This warning symbol means: “Warning: Consult
the accompanying documents” and refers to this
document. Using accessories that do not meet the
equivalent sensor security requirements could result in
a lower level of security for the entire system. When
choosing an accessory, take into account its use around
the patient and ensure that it complies with the
harmonized standards IEC/EN 60 601-1 and IEC/
EN 60 601-1-1. Install and use computer or video
peripheral equipment while closely following the steps
in this manual to ensure compliance with these
standards.

Non-Medical Devices
1–4 Compliance and Safety

KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–1
Chapter 2
Getting Started
This chapter includes the following topics:
•Understanding the Imaging Chain on page 2–1
•Adjusting Exposure Time on page 2–5
•Sharing the Sensor Between Workstations on
page 2–9
•Acquiring a Good Image on page 2–10
•Enhancing the Digital Image on page 2–16
Understanding the Imaging
Chain
The imaging chain consists of the following
components:
•Sensor and remote control
•X-ray generator
•Timer
•Computer and monitor
Sensor and Remote Control
The sensor consists of two inseparable parts:
•Sensor
•Remote control
Note
To determine the
exposure time and
create an exposure
time table for your
sensors, see
“Customizing the
Exposure Chart” on
page 2–7.
Note
Because these sensors
are used in the same
manner, this manual
references use of the
size 1 sensor.

Understanding the Imaging Chain
2–2 Getting Started
Sensor
Sensor
The sensor is radio-sensitive. The active surface is the
flat surface marked with the Kodak logo. The marking
#0, #1 or #2 indicates the size of the sensor,
respectively size 0, 1, or 2. The back of the sensor,
non-reactive to x-rays, is rounded and contains the
cable attachment.
Remote Control
The use of your sensor depends on the kit ordered:
•Size 1, universal, sensor—Use for regular
periapical and retro-coronary procedures.
•Size 2 sensor—Use for bitewings and peri-apical
procedures.
•Size 0 sensor—Use for pediatric intraoral exams.
The Size 0 sensor requires less x-ray doses and has
a very small size to fit in a child’s mouth.
Remote Control
The remote control contains all the electronics of the
sensor. The button on the remote control activates, at a
distance, the acquisition in the Kodak dental imaging
software. See “Preparing the Software” on page 2–10.

Understanding the Imaging Chain
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–3
The remote control is connected to the computer with
its USB 2 connector. You can connect the remote
control with the power on, when the computer is
switched on. You do not need to start the Kodak dental
imaging software before you connect the sensor.
However, you can acquire the image only in the
imaging module. You can disconnect the remote
control with the power on, but do not disconnect the
remote control when you are acquiring an image. This
can damage the sensor.
X-ray Generator
The x-ray generator has a significant impact on image
quality. Due to its high sensitivity and capacity to store
an enormous quantity of information, the sensor requires
high-energy rays generated over very short time periods.
This way, the images are formed by a maximum number
of gray levels and you can process the images digitally
to assist in extracting the clinical information. The
Kodak generators meet the requirements.
As a general rule, the sensor is compatible with all
generators provided the generator meets the current
standard of intraoral radiology. You can use a
high-frequency or conventional generator. The
generator must operate with a voltage of 60 to 70kV.
The generator head must have a long cone with a focal
point / film distance of at least 20 cm, to concentrate
the x-rays toward the sensor. Select a mechanism that
supports the generator and provides stability to avoid
any motion blurring due to vibration of the x-ray source.
Caution!
See “Acquiring
Images” on page 3–1
for the precautions
to take when
connecting and
disconnecting the
sensor in certain
operating modes.
Important
The power of a
generator decreases
over time. Have the
generator inspected
annuallytodetermine
any difference
between its nominal
and effective power.
Important
The sensor is not
compatible with
generators of lesser
specifications.

Understanding the Imaging Chain
2–4 Getting Started
Timer
Use the timer to control exposure times. Depending on
the technologies used, the selected exposure time does
not exactly represent the dose of x-rays output by the
generator since the timing does not systematically take
into account variations in the mains current. Avoid
x-ray sources of inconsistent quality. Use a digital
timer to compensate for current variations in
conventional generators.
You can connect the Kodak generators directly to
the electronics of the sensor to synchronize image
acquisition with the trigger action. This link provides
an ergonomic advantage that eliminates the need for
the operator to click on the acquisition icon prior to
each exposure. See “Preparing the Software” on
page 2–10.
Remember that the image quality for short exposures
is linked to the use of the physical synchronization
function of the sensor and the timer, in particular with
the very high-frequency Kodak intraoral x-ray units.

Adjusting Exposure Time
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–5
Computer and Monitor
Place the computer and its monitor in or close to the
operating area, in the visual field of the practitioner
when he is at the chair. Provide visual access for the
patient, to encourage communication. This enables
you to access the RVG system and maintain the
working ergonomics at the chair.
Use a monitor with proper technical display
characteristics for the visualization of radiological
images. Select and set up the monitor according to the
procedure described in the installation guide for the
sensor. Position the monitor to avoid direct light or
reflections that could hinder the reading of the clinical
information.
Adjusting Exposure Time
As in conventional radiology, the exposure time
depends on the following:
•Generator type
•Patient's morphology
•Tooth that is x-rayed
Caution!
A poor monitor
setting or a poor
quality monitor can
cause diagnostic
errors due to the
inability of the
equipment to display
the image properly.

Adjusting Exposure Time
2–6 Getting Started
Using the Dose Indicator
Use the dose indicator to help you correctly determine
the exposure time for your generator. For each image
taken with a sensor, the dose indicator is displayed at
the bottom of the Control Panel window. Use the dose
indicator to observe the quality of the image exposure.
Dose Indicator
•If the dose indicator band is displayed in red
and towards the left of the band, it indicates an
under-exposure of the image. Increase the x-ray
dose.
•If the dose indicator band is displayed in red and
towards the right of the band, it indicates an
over-exposure of the image. Decrease the x-ray
dose. Certain areas of the image can be saturated,
but depending on the areas of interest in the image,
the image can nevertheless contain desired
information, for instance in the areas that are
denser.
•If the dose indicator band is displayed in green and
anywhere in the middle of the band, it indicates a
correct exposure of the image.

Adjusting Exposure Time
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–7
Customizing the Exposure Chart
Table 2–1 provides you with guidelines for exposure
times for an average generator at 70kV and 8mA.
These are approximate values. Adjust the values for
your specific generator.
Adjust the values for your generator:
•If the images are displayed too dark, reduce the
exposure settings.
•If the images are displayed too light, increase the
exposure settings.
Add the values for corrections in the second column of
Table 2–1.
Table 2–1 Sensor Exposure
Times
Acquisition Mode High Resolution
Seconds Correction
Adult with #1 or #2
Upper incisor/canine 0.18
Upper premolar 0.24
Upper molar 0.40
Lower incisor/ canine 0.12
Lower premolar 0.18
Lower molar 0.24
Note
The exposure times
in Table 2–1 are
suggested times.
Over time and with
experience, you can
identify the settings
specific to the
configuration in your
practice.

Adjusting Exposure Time
2–8 Getting Started
Operating tips and recommended exposure times are
given for an average case, representing an adult
patient weighing approximately 80 kg. The distance
between the sensor and the generator's focal point
is approximately 23 cm. The exposure times varies
according to the patient and the angle used to take the
x-ray. Increase the dose proportionally to the square of
the distance.
Child with #0
Upper incisor/canine 0.11
Upper premolar 0.15
Upper molar 0.24
Lower incisor/ canine 0.075
Lower premolar 0.11
Lower molar 0.15
Table 2–1 Sensor Exposure
Times (Continued)
Note
The programmed time
varies as the square
of the distance. If the
distance sensor / focal
point of the generator
increases,increasethe
dose.

Sharing the Sensor Between Workstations
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–9
Sharing the Sensor
Between Workstations
You can share the sensor between several workstations
to provide access for several practitioners based on an
agreed-upon arrangement. The workstation must have
the Kodak dental imaging software and corresponding
drivers.
To share the sensor between several computers, move
it from workstation to workstation. When you connect
the sensor to a USB 2 port on the computer, the sensor
is recognized automatically and is operational.
To share images between workstations, you can
connect them to a network without having to change
the configuration described above. The Kodak dental
imaging software needs only to access a shared
database on the same workstation or on a remote
workstation.
You can print images either on a printer attached to
each computer or to a printer shared on the network.
Caution!
Do not disconnect
the sensor after you
click on the RVG
Acquisition button.
This can damage
your sensor.

Acquiring a Good Image
2–10 Getting Started
Acquiring a Good Image
To obtain a good image in digital radiology, follow the
rules that apply to classic radiology. The same anatomy
limitations determine the positioning of the sensor in
the mouth. You may require time to adapt to the new
dimensions of the sensor.
Preparing the Sensor
To ensure maximum hygiene, cover the sensor with a
disposable protective sheath prior to using the sensor.
Use a new protective sheath for each patient. For
optimum performance, use protective sheaths
specifically designed for each size of sensor: size 0,
size 1 or size 2. You can obtain these from your Kodak
dental systems supplier.
Preparing the Software
RVG Acquisition
To prepare the software for an image acquisition,
click the RVG Acquisition button or use F2 on the
keyboard.
•The button is red when it is not active.
•The button is green when it is active.
For greater flexibility and ergonomics, activate the
RVG Acquisition button from a distance. Press the
button on the remote control to activate the sensor.
Note
For the additional
instructions on
hygiene, see
“Disinfecting the
Sensor and
Maintaining Hygiene”
on page 4–2.
Note
You have 90 seconds
to acquire the image
Caution!
Never disconnect
the sensor during
the 90-second
countdown or during
image acquisition.
This can seriously
damage the sensor.

Acquiring a Good Image
KODAK RVG Digital Radiography Systems User’s Guide (CS4000_en) 2–11
Using a Synchronization Link
If a Kodak generator is linked to the computer using a
synchronization link, you can acquire a new image
without using the F2 button, clicking on the RVG
Acquisition icon, or pressing the sensor remote control
button. The Kodak generator informs the software
that radiation is about to be produced and triggers the
appropriate receptive state in the sensor.When using a
synchronization link, the RVG Acquisition button is
constantly green.
Orienting the Image
If you press F2 or click the RVG acquisition button,
by default, images are displayed vertically as though
an image of a tooth from the lower dental arch was
acquired.
To orient the image before acquisition, follow these
steps:
1. Press the button on the remote control.
2. Click the button until you reach the configuration
that is most fitting. The image is displayed in the
clinical sense.

Acquiring a Good Image
2–12 Getting Started
Positioning the Sensor
Place the sensor in the mouth in the same way
regardless of the type of positioner used.
Figure 2–1 shows a positioning example.
Figure 2–1 Positioning Example
Positioning the Sensor for a
Mandibular Image
To position the sensor for a mandibular image, follow
these steps:
1. Have the patient draw the tongue towards the
back of the mouth. Insert the sensor holding it
horizontally.
2. Then turn the sensor downward to place it in a
vertical position.
Note
For more details on the
typeofpositioners, see
“Using the Different
Positioning Systems”
on page 2–14.