KYORITSU 5406A User manual

MODEL 5406 A
DIGITAL RCD(ELCB)TESTER
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
KYORITSU ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS
WORKS, LTD.

CONTENTS
1.SafeTesting..........................................................................................1
2.Procedureofremovingcover..............................................................5
2.1Methodofremovingthecover.....................................................5
2.2Methodofstoringthecover.........................................................5
3.Features.................................................................................................6
3.1InstrumentLayout..........................................................................6
3.2TestLead.......................................................................................7
3.3TestRange（Function）...............................................................7
3.4AppliedStandards........................................................................8
3.5Features.........................................................................................8
4.Specification.........................................................................................9
5.ResidualCurrentDevice（RCD）Test............................................11
5.1RCDTest ....................................................................................11
5.2RCDTeston"OLDTTSYSTEM"...........................................15
6.TestProcedure ..................................................................................16
6.1Preparation.................................................................................16
6.2WiringCheck ............................................................................16
6.3Testing........................................................................................17
7.Servicing.............................................................................................20
8.Caseandstrapbeltassembly.........................................................21

 1 
1. SAFE TESTING

This instrument has been designed and tested according to IEC
Publication 61010: Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring
Apparatus. This instruction manual contains warnings and safety
ruleswhichmustbeobservedbytheusertoensuresafeoperationof
theinstrumentandretainitinsafecondition.Therefore,readthrough
theseoperatinginstructionsbeforestartingusingtheinstrument.
IMPORTANT:
1.This instrument must only be used by a competent and trained
person and operated in strict accordance with the instructions.
KYORITSUwillnotacceptliabilityforanydamageorinjurycaused
bymisuseornon-compliancewiththeinstructionsorwiththesafety
procedures.
2. Itisessentialtoreadandtounderstandthesafetyrulescontainedin
theinstructionsorwiththesafetyprocedures.
Thesymbol  indicatedontheinstrumentmeansthattheusermustreferto
therelatedsectionsinthemanualforsafeoperationoftheinstrument. Be
suretocarefullyreadinstructionsfollowingeachsymbol  inthismanual.

DANGER is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to
causeseriousorfatalinjury.


WARNING is reserved for conditions and actions that can cause
seriousorfatalinjury.


CAUTION is reserved for conditions and actions that can cause a
minorinjuryorinstrumentdamage.

 2 
  DANGER
●  The instrument is to be used only in its intended applications
or conditions. Otherwise, safety functions equipped with the
instrument will not work, and instrument damage or serious
personal injury may occur. Verify proper operation on a known
sourcebeforeuse or takingactionas a resultofthe indication of
theinstrument.
● Thisinstrumentisintendedonlyforuseinsinglephaseoperationat
230V+10%-15%ACphasetoearthorphasetoneutraloperation
orforuseinOLD-TTsystem.
● When conducting tests do not touch any exposed metalwork
associatedwith the installation.Suchmetalwork maybecomelive
forthedurationofthetest.
● When testing, always be sure to keep your fingers behind the
safetybarriersonthetestleads.
● Be sure to remove the test leads from the main power supply
promptlyaftermeasurement.Donotleavethemconnectedtothe
mainpowersupplyforalongtime.
  WARNING
● The instrument is to be used only in its intended applications.
Understand and follow all the safety instructions contained in
the manual. Failure to follow the instructions may cause injury,
instrument damage and/or damage to equipment under test.
Kyoritsu is by no means liable for any damage resulting from the
instrumentincontradictiontothiscautionarynote.
●  Never open the instrument case - there are dangerous voltages
present.Ifafaultdevelops,returntheinstrumenttoyourdistributor
forinspectionandrepair.
●  Ifthe overheatsymbolappearsonthedisplay( )disconnectthe
instrumentfromthemainssupplyandallowtocooldown.
● If abnormal conditions of any sort are noted (such as a faulty
display,unexpectedreadings,brokencase,crackedtestleads,etc)
donotusethetesterandreturnittoyourdistributorforrepair.
●  Neverattempttousetheinstrumentiftheinstrumentoryourhand
iswet.
● Donotrotatefunctionswitchwhentestbuttonisdepressed.

 3 
  CAUTION
● Forsafetyreasonsonlyuseaccessories(testleads,probes,cases,
etc) designed to be used with this instrument and recommended
byKYORITSU.Theuseofotheraccessoriesisprohibitedasthey
areunlikelytohavethecorrectsafetyfeatures.
● During testing it is possible that there may be a momentary
degradation of the reading due to the presence of excessive
transients or discharges on the electrical system under test.
Should this be observed, the test must be repeated to obtain a
correctreading.Ifindoubt,contactyourdistributor.
● Use a damp cloth and detergent for cleaning the instrument. Do
notuseabrasivesorsolvents.
● Keep your fingers and hands behind the barrier during
measurement.

 4 
○Measurementcategories(Over-voltagecategories)
Toensuresafe operationofmeasuring instruments, IEC61010 establishes
safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as O to
CAT.IV, and called measurement categories. Higher-numbered categories
correspond to electrical environments with greater momentary energy, so
a measuring instrument designed for CAT.III environments can endure
greatermomentaryenergythanonedesignedforCAT.II.
O : Circuitswhicharenotdirectlyconnectedtothemainspowersupply.
CAT.II :Electrical circuits of equipment connected to an AC electrical
outletbyapowercord.
CAT.III : Primaryelectricalcircuitsoftheequipmentconnecteddirectlytothe
distributionpanel,andfeedersfromthedistributionpaneltooutlets.
CAT.IV :The circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and
to the power meter and primary overcurrent protection device
(distributionpanel).
O: Device which is
not directly
connected to the
mains power supply

 5 
2. PROCEDURE OF REMOVING COVER
Model5406Ahas a dedicatedcoverto protect againstanimpact from the
outside and prevent the operation part, the LCD, and the connector socket
frombecomingdirty.Thecovercanbedetachedandputonthebacksideof
themainbodyduringmeasurement.
Fig.2
Fig.1
2.1 Method of removing the cover
2.2 Method of storing the cover

 6 
3. FEATURES
3.1 Instrument Layout
1...........LCD
2...........0°/180°SWITCH
3...........ULVALUESELECTSWITCH(25V/50V)
4............I⊿nSWITCH(upanddown)
5............TESTBUTTON
6............WIRINGCHECKLED
※LEDindicationofcorrectpolarityisthatTheP-EandP-NLEDs
illuminate.PandNarereversedwhenthe reverseLEDislit.
7............FUNCTIONSWITCH
１
６
７
２
３
４
５
LCDDISPLAY
TestLeadModel7125orModel7121B(OptionalAccessory)
Fig.3

 7 
  DANGER
● Useoriginaltestleadonly.
●  Max.allowedvoltagebetweenmainstestterminalsandgroundis300V.
● This unit is only intended for single phase (230V +10%- 15% AC
50Hz)operationorOLD-TTsystem.
3.2 Test Lead
The instrument is supplied with Model 7125 Lead at socket outlets and
Model7121Bdistributionboardlead(OptionalAccessory).
1.Model7125
2.Model7121B(OptionalAccessory)
Fig.4
Barrier：Itisapartprovidingprotectionagainstelectricalshockandensuring
theminimumrequiredairandcreepagedistances.
Choose and use the test leads and caps that are suitable for the
measurementcategory.
When the instrument and the test lead are combined and used together,
whicheverlowercategoryeitherofthembelongstowillbeapplied.
○Mechanicalsafetypart
Barrier:provides protection against electrical shock and ensuring the
minimumrequiredairandcreepagedistances.
3.3 Test Range (Function)
Model5406Aperformsfivefunctions.
×1/2…FortestingRCD'stoverifythattheyarenottoosensitive.
×1…Formeasuringthetriptime.
×5…FortestingatI⊿n×5
DCTEST…FortestingDCsensitiveRCD's
AUTORAMPTEST…Formeasuringthetripoutcurrent.
BLACK
Barrier
Barrier
Barrier
NEUTRAL
RED
PHASE
GREEN
EARTH

 8 
3.4 Applied Standards
Instrumentoperation: IEC61557-1,IEC61557-6
Safety:  IEC61010-1,2-030CATⅢ(300V)-instrument
  IEC61010-031CATⅢ(600V)-testlead
  EMC: EN61326-1
  RoHS: EN50581
Protectiondegree: IEC60529(IP54)
3.5 Features
 Model5406Ahasthefollwingfeatures:
Batteryisnotused  Model5406Aisnotbattery-operated,butoperates
bythevoltagesuppliedfromthesystem.
Wiringcheck Three LEDs indicate if the wiring of the circuit
undertestiscorrect.
Overtemperature Detectsoverheatingoftheinternalresistorandof
thecurrentcontrolMOSFETdisplayingawarning
symbol ( ) and automatically halting further
measurements.
Phaseangleselector The test can be selected from either the positive
(0。 ) or from the negative (180。 ) half-cycle of
voltage.Atthosetwopoints,testsminimum(best)
andmaximum(worst)triptimes.
Autodatahold Holds the displayed reading for a time after the
testiscomplete.
ULvalueselector Select UL (limit of touch voltage value) 25V or
50V. Where Uf (fault voltage) exceeds UL value,
"Uf Hi" will be displayed without starting the
measurement.
OptionalAccessory Model 7121B distribution board or lighting circuit
testlead.
protection
andUfMonitoring

 9 
4. SPECIFICATION
● Measurement Specification
Function
Rated
voltage
(AC)
TripCurrent
Settings
(I ⊿ n)
TripCurrent
Duration
Accuracy
Tripcurrent TripTime
1000ms
1000ms
200ms
1000ms
Goes up by 10%
from20%to110%
ofI ⊿ n.
300ms × 10
− 8% 〜− 2%
0.6%
± 4dgt
+2% 〜 +8%
− 10% 〜 +10%
− 8% 〜 +8%
10/20/30
/200/300
/500mA
(10/20/30
/200/300
/500mA)
+6mAdc
10/20/30
/200/300
/500mA
230V+10％
-15％
50Hz
× 1/2
×1
×5
DCTEST
AUTORAMP
TEST
Instrumentdimensions 186×167×89mm
Instrumentweight  800g
Referenceconditions Specifications are based on the following
conditionsexceptwhereotherwisestated:
   1．Ambienttemperature:23±5℃
   2．Relativehumidity:45%to75%
   3．Position:horizontal
   4．ACpowersource:230V,50Hz
   5．Altitude:Upto2000m
Operatingtemperature 0 to +40℃, relative humidity 80% or less,
nocondensation.
Storagetemperature   −20to+60℃,relativehumidity75%orless,
nocondensation.
andhumidity.
andhumidity.

 10 
LEDindicationofcorrect The P-E and P-N LEDs illuminate when
the wiring of the circuit under test is
correct. The reverse LED is lit when P
andNarereversed.
Autodatahold  TheLCDreadingisautomaticallyfrozenfor
3secondsaftermeasurement.
Display   The liquid crystal display has 3 1/2
digits with a decimal point and units of
measurement(ms,mA).
Overvoltage  Halts measurementto prevent damages to
thebodywhenvoltagebetweenphaseand
earthisapprox.260Vormore."VL-PEHi"
isshownonthedisplay.
Symbolsusedonthe 

 Equipmentprotectedthroughoutby
   DOUBLEINSULATIONorREINFORCED
INSULATION.


 Caution（refertoaccompanyinginstruction
manual）
polarity
instrument
Function Operatinginstrumentaluncertaintyoftripcurrent
× 1/2
×1
×5
AUTORAMP
-10 〜 0%
0 〜 +10%
-10% 〜 +10%
● Operating instrumental uncertainty of trip current (IEC 61557-6)
The influencingvariations usedforcalculatingtheoperating
instrumentaluncertaintyaredenotedasfollows:
Temperature：0℃and40℃
Earthelectroderesistance：max50Ω(max20Ωat×5500mAonly)
Systemvoltage：230V+10%-15%

 11 
5. Residual Current Device (RCD) Test
5.1 RCD test
RCD is a switching device designed for breaking currents (opening the
contacts)whentheresidualcurrentattainsaspecificgivenvalue.Itworkson
basisofcurrentdifferencebetweenphasecurrentsflowingtodifferentloads
and returning current flowing through neutral conductor (for a single phase
installation).
IncasethecurrentdifferenceishigherthanRCDtrippingcurrent,thedevice
willtripdisconnectingthemainvoltage.
Fig.5
Basicallythere aretwo classificationsfor RCD's: The first one due to the
shape of residual current waveform sensibility (Type AC and A) and the
secondduetothetrippingtime(TypeGandS).
● RCD typeAC, RCDfor which tripping is ensuredfor residual sinusoidal
alternatingcurrents,whether suddenly appliedorslowly rising. Thistype
isthemostfrequentlyusedonelectricalinstallations.
● RCD type A, RCD for which tripping is ensured for residual sinusoidal
alternating currents (like type AC) and residual pulsating direct currents
(DC), whether suddenly applied or slowly rising. It is not very used in
practice even if it is becoming more and more popular and in some
countriesitisrequestedbythenationalregulationinsteadoftypeAC.
● RCDtypeG=Generaltype(withouttripouttime-delay),forgeneraluse
andapplication.
OUTPUT
L
N
N
L
INPUT

 12 
●  RCD type S = Selective type (with trip out time-delay), this RCD is
specially designed for electrical installation where the selectivity
characteristicisnecessary.
In order to assure successful protection on an electrical installation using
RCD's,theyshouldbecheckedtesting:
● Tripouttimet⊿
● AndinsomecasesalsotheTrippingcurrentI⊿.
Tripouttimet⊿istimeneededbytheRCDtotripatratedresidualoperative
currentI⊿N.TypicallyRCDratedresidualoperativecurrentsI⊿nare:
10mA,20mA,30mA,200mA,300mA,500mA
ThestandardvaluesoftrippingtimedefinedbyIEC61009(EN61009)and
IEC61008(EN61008)arelistedinthetablebelow(forI⊿nand5I⊿n):
This tripping time values are concerning the RCD's correctly mounted
followingthemanufacturer'sspecifications.
TheRCDtesterModel5406AcontinuesdrivingtestcurrentuntilRCDtrips
oruptomaxtesttime.
ThistestisnamedTriptest(×1I⊿n)orFasttriptest(×5I⊿n).
NOTE:
There are special protection devices called "Adjusted RCD" where the
tripping time and tripping current are adjustable, in these cases the above
tableshouldnotbeconsidered.
TypeofRCD
General(G)
Selective(S)
I⊿n
300ms
max.allowedvalue
500ms
max.allowedvalue
130ms
min.allowedvalue
5I⊿n
40ms
max.allowedvalue
150ms
max.allowedvalue
50ms
min.allowedvalue

 13 
There is also another kind of RCD called "Type B", for which tripping is
ensured for residual sinusoidal alternating currents (like type AC) and
residual pulsating DC currents (like type A) and pure or nearly pure DC
current,whethersuddenlyappliedorslowlyrising.Itisalsoveryrarelyused
inpracticebecausetheseareonlyafewmodelsonthemarketandtheprice
atthemomentisveryhigh.
Tripping current I⊿ is the lowest residual current which can still cause
trippingoutRCD.
TheRCDtesterModel5406Astartstodrive test current from 20% of I⊿n
andthenincreasesituntilRCDtripsorupto110%ofI⊿n.
ThistestisnormallynamedAutoramptestanditcanbeusedtoconfirmthe
realsensibilityoftheRCD.
IfRCDtripsbeforethe50%ofitsI⊿n,therecouldbeacertainleakageor
faultcurrentthatisalreadyflowingtotheground,ortheRCDcouldbeoutof
characteristics.
In order to check the leakage or fault currents there are specific leakage
clampmetersasModel2432,Model2433,Model2413F.
TheRCDtesterModel5406AcantesttheTripouttimet⊿andtheTripping
currentI⊿.

 14 
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
R
RO
RCD
Practicalexampleof3-phase+neutralRCDtestinaTTsystem.
PracticalexampleofsinglephaseRCDtestinaTNsystem.
Fig.6
Fig.7

 15 
5.2 RCD test ON "OLD TT SYSTEM"
  CAUTION
M5406A can operate in OLD-TT system with the follwing I⊿n,
however, the accuracy is not assured. The instrument does not
operatewithotherI⊿n.
×1/2,×1,DC TEST, AUTO RAMP TEST…I⊿n:10mA, 20mA,
30mA,200mA,300mA
×5…I⊿n:10mA,20mA,30mA,200mA
OldTTsystemisaTTsystemwithphasetophasevoltageof220V(instead
of 400V) and phase to earth of 127V (instead of 230V) and normally the
neutralconductorisnotused.
Beforeconnectingthemodel5406Atothissystemcheckbyavoltmeter(or
aDMM)inordertobesurethatthevoltagebetweeneachphasetoearthis
127V(+/-10%).
  WARNING
Do not press the "Test button" if the voltmeter reads a value of
220V.
Connectingthemodel5406Atothissystem,allthreewiringcheckLEDsshouldbelit.
Fig.8
L1
L2
L3
PE
R
R
O
RCD
220V
220V
220V

 16 
6. TEST PROCEDURE
6.1. Preparation
(1)Insertthemainsleadintotheinstrument.(Fig.9,10)
(2)Plug the instrument into the socket outlet that is protected by the
RCDtobetested.
(3)TurnthebreakerswitchON.
(4)PresstheI⊿nswitchtosettheRatedTrippingCurrent(I⊿n)tothe
ratedtripcurrentoftheRCD."▼"ontheLCDmoveswheneverthe
I⊿nswitchispressed,andapresentI⊿nisindicated.
(5)PresstheULvalueselectswitchtoselectULvalue(25or50V).
  Theinitialvalue:I⊿n...........30mA
   ULvalue........50V
   0°/180°......0°
6.2. Wiring Check
Make sure that the P-E and P-N wiring check LEDs are lit and the wiring
incorrectLEDisnotlit.Iftheyarenot,disconnectthetesterandcheckthe
wiringforapossiblefault.
  WARNING
THEWIRINGCHECKLED(P-E,P-N)ofthisinstrumentistoprotect
theuserfromelectricalshockresultingfromincorrectconnectionof
LineandNeutralorLineandEarth.
When the Neutral and Earth conductors are incorrectly wired,
the WIRING CHECK LED function cannot identify the incorrect
connection.Otherproceduresandtestmustbeconductedtocheck
andconfirmthatthewiringiscorrectpriortomakingmeasurement.
Donotusethisinstrumenttocheckthecorrectwiringofthepower
supply. Kyoritsu will not be held liable for any accident that may
resultfromincorrectwiringofthepowersupplyline.

 17 
6.3. TESTING
(1)SettheTESTFUNCTION
・NOTRIPTEST..............×1/2:Maxtime1000ms
・TRIPTEST.....................×1:Maxtime1000ms
・FASTTRIPTEST..........×5:Maxtime200ms
・DCTEST........................DCTEST:Maxtime1000ms
・AUTORAMPTEST......AutoRampTEST( )
   :20%〜110% of the Rated Tripping
Current(I⊿n).
   Maxtime300ms×10.
(2)PresstheTESTBUTTON
・NOTRIPTEST..............The breaker should not trip.
・TRIPTEST....................The breaker should trip.
・FASTTRIPTEST..........The breaker should trip.
・DCTEST........................The breaker should trip.
・AUTORAMPTEST.......The breaker should trip. Check Trip out
CurrentandTripoutTimeatmeasuredtrip
outcurrent.
(3)Pressthe0°/180°switchtochangethephaseandrepeatstep(2).
(4)Changethephaseagainandrepeatstep(2).
●BesuretoreturnthetestedRCDtotheoriginalconditionafterthetest.

 WARNING
● Ifthevoltagebetweenphaseandearthexceedsapprox.260V,
"VL-PE"isshownontheLCDwhenthetestbuttonispressed,
andthemeasurementishalted.Disconnecttheinstrumentfrom
the mains supply and check the voltage between phase and
earthif"VL-PEHi"isindicated.
● Iftheoverheatsymbolappearsonthedisplay( )disconnect
theinstrumentfromthemainssupplyandallowtocooldown.
● When making a test withthe range larger than theRCD rated
trippingcurrentorwhenwiringisnotcorrect,itcanhappenthat
RCDtripsand"no"isshownonthedisplay.
● When the Uf voltage rises to UL value or greater, the
measurement is automatically suspended and "Uf Hi" is
displayedontheLCD.
MAKE SURE TO KEEP CLEAR OF EARTHED METAL DURING THE
OPERATIONOFTHESETESTS.

 18 
Note：
● If the RCD does not trip, the tester will supply the test current for a
maximum of 1000ms on the X1/2 and X1 ranges. The fact that the
RCD has not tripped will be evident because the P-N and P-E LEDs
willstillbeon.
● Ifa voltageexists between theprotective conductorand earth, itmay
influencethemeasurements.
● If a voltage exists between neutral and earth, it may influence the
measurements, therefore, the connection between neutral point of the
distributionsystemandearthshouldbecheckedbeforetesting.
● If leakage currents flow in the circuit following the RCD, it may
influencethemeasurements.
● The potential fields of other earthing installations may influence the
measurement.
● SpecialconditionsofRCDsofaparticulardesign,forexampleS-type,
shallbetakenintoconsideration.
● Equipment following the RCD, e.g. capacitors or rotating machinery,
maycauseasignificantlengtheningofthemeasuredtriptime.
● Theearthelectroderesistanceofameasuringcircuitwithaprobeshall
notexceed50Ωat500mA(20Ωat×5500mAonly)range.
● Ifthe"Testbutton"isreleased,theresultwillbedisplayedfor3sbefore
revertingtozero.Ifthebuttonishelddown,theresultwillbedisplayed
untilthebuttonisreleased.Ifthebreakertrips,thedisplaywillreadthe
triptime.Thedisplaywillbeheldforapprox10s.
Fig.9