Moxa Technologies DA-710 Series User manual

DA-710 Series Linux User’s Manual
Second Edition, August 2012
www.moxa.com/product
© 2012 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.

DA-710 Series Linux User’s Manual
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with
the terms of that agreement.
Copyright Notice
© 2012 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of
Moxa.
Moxa provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited
to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the
products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for
its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.
Technical Support Contact Information
www.moxa.com/support
Moxa
Americas
Toll
-free: 1-888-669-2872
Tel:
[phone]
Fax:
[phone]
Moxa China (Shanghai office)
Toll
-free: 800-820-5036
Tel:
[phone]
Fax:
[phone]
Moxa Europe
Tel:
[phone]
Fax:
[phone]
Moxa A
sia-Pacific
Tel:
[phone]
Fax:
[phone]
Moxa India
Tel:
[phone]
Fax:
[phone]

Table of Contents
1. Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview ...........................................................................................................................................1-2
Software Specifications........................................................................................................................1-2
Software Components .........................................................................................................................1-3
2. Software Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 2-1
Starting from a VGA Console................................................................................................................2-2
Connecting from a Telnet Console......................................................................................................... 2-3
Connecting from an SSH Console..........................................................................................................2-4
Windows Users ...........................................................................................................................2-4
Linux Users ................................................................................................................................2-4
Adjusting the System Time .................................................................................................................. 2-5
Setting the Time Manually ............................................................................................................2-5
NTP Client .................................................................................................................................. 2-5
Updating the Time Automatically ................................................................................................... 2-6
Enabling and Disabling Daemons ..........................................................................................................2-7
Setting the Run-Level..........................................................................................................................2-9
Cron—Daemon for Executing Scheduled Commands.............................................................................. 2-10
Inserting a USB Storage Device into the Computer ............................................................................... 2-11
Inserting a CompactFlash Card into the Computer ................................................................................ 2-12
Checking the Linux Version ................................................................................................................ 2-12
APT—Installing and Removing Packages .............................................................................................. 2-13
3. Managing Communications ............................................................................................................... 3-1
Changing the Network Settings ............................................................................................................ 3-2
Changing the “interfaces” Configuration File ................................................................................... 3-2
Adjusting IP Addresses with “ifconfig” ............................................................................................3-3
Configuring Multiple LAN Ports for Expansion Modules ......................................................................3-3
Configuring Multiple Serial Ports for Expansion Modules ...................................................................3-5
Serial Port Operation Mode ..................................................................................................................3-6
Telnet/FTP Server ...............................................................................................................................3-7
DNS Client ......................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Apache Web Server.............................................................................................................................3-9
Default Homepage.......................................................................................................................3-9
Disabling the CGI Function ......................................................................................................... 3-10
Saving Web Pages to a USB Storage Device.................................................................................. 3-10
IPTABLES ........................................................................................................................................ 3-12
IPTABLES Hierarchy ................................................................................................................... 3-13
IPTABLES Modules ..................................................................................................................... 3-13
Observe and Erase Chain Rules ................................................................................................... 3-14
Define Policy for Chain Rules....................................................................................................... 3-15
Append or Delete Rules .............................................................................................................. 3-15
NAT (Network Address Translation)..................................................................................................... 3-16
NAT Example ............................................................................................................................ 3-16
Enabling NAT at Bootup.............................................................................................................. 3-17
PPP (Point to Point Protocol)............................................................................................................... 3-18
Connecting to a PPP Server over a Simple Dial-up Connection......................................................... 3-18
Connecting to a PPP Server over a Hard-wired Link........................................................................ 3-19
Checking the Connection ............................................................................................................ 3-19
Setting up a Machine for Incoming PPP Connections ...................................................................... 3-20
PPPoE.............................................................................................................................................. 3-21
NFS (Network File System) Client ....................................................................................................... 3-24
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ..................................................................................... 3-24
OpenVPN ......................................................................................................................................... 3-25
Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on Different Subnets........................................................... 3-26
Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on the Same Subnet ........................................................... 3-29
Routed IP ................................................................................................................................. 3-29
4. Programmer’s Guide ......................................................................................................................... 4-1
Device API ......................................................................................................................................... 4-2
RTC (Real Time Clock).........................................................................................................................4-2
UART ................................................................................................................................................4-2
Digital I/O..........................................................................................................................................4-4
Programmable LEDs.......................................................................................................................... 4-10
5. System Recovery............................................................................................................................... 5-1
Recovery Environment ........................................................................................................................5-2
Recovery Procedure ............................................................................................................................ 5-2

1
1. Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Moxa DA-710 Series of x86 ready-to-run embedded computers. This manual
introduces the software configuration and management of the DA-710-LX, which runs the Linux operating
system. For hardware installation, connector interfaces, setup, and upgrading the BIOS, please refer to the
“DA-710 Series Hardware User’s Manual.”
Linux is an open, scalable operating system that allows you to build a wide range of innovative, small footprint
devices. Software written for desktop PCs can be easily ported to the embedded computer with a GNU cross
compiler and a minimum of source code modifications. A typical Linux-based device is designed for a specific
use, and is often not connected to other computers, or a number of such devices connect to a centralized,
front-end host. Examples include enterprise tools such as industrial controllers, communications hubs,
point-of-sale terminals, and display devices, which include HMIs, advertisement appliances, and interactive
panels.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Overview

Software Specifications

Software Components

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-2
Overview
The Moxa DA-710 Series of x86-based rackmount embedded computers are designed for industrial data
acquisition applications. Their state-of-the-art two expansion module design gives users a versatile
combination of up to 16 RS-232/422/485 serial ports, or up to 4+8 Ethernet ports. This friendly design gives
users the advantage of being able to swap out modules quickly and easily. Additional expansion modules will
be available soon.
The DA-710 main system is based on the Intel Celeron M processor and GLE960 chipset, which supports
standard X86 VGA, USB, PS/2 keyboard/mouse, 4 Gigabit LAN ports, and IDE/SATA disk interface. In addition,
the DA-710 supports a CompactFlash Socket and pre-installed embedded ready-to-run operating system.
Programmers will find the full-function development examples a great benefit for developing software and
building reliable communication applications.
The housing is a standard 4U, 19-inch wide rack-mounted rugged enclosure. This robust, rack-mountable
design provides the hardened protection needed for industrial environment applications.
Software Specifications
The Linux operating system pre-installed on the DA-710 embedded computer is the Debian Lenny 5.0
distribution. The Debian project is a worldwide group of volunteers who endeavor to produce an operating
system distribution that composed entirely of free software. The Debian GNU/Linux follows the standard Linux
architecture, making it easy to use programs that meet the POSIX standard. Program porting can be done with
the GNU Tool Chain provided by Moxa. In addition to Standard POSIX APIs, device drivers for Moxa UART and
other special peripherals are also included. An example software architecture is shown below:
ATTENTION
Refer to
http://www.debian.org/ and http://www.gnu.org/ for information and documentation of the
Debian
GNU/Linux and free software concept.
ATTENTION
The a
bove software architecture is only an example. Different models or different build revisions of the
Linux
operating system may include components
not shown in the above graphic.

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-3
Software Components
The DA-710-LX pre-installed Debian Lenny 5.0 Linux distribution has the following software components:
acpi-support-base 0.109-11 scripts for handling base ACPI events such as the power button
acpid 1.0.8-1lenny1 Utilities for using ACPI power management
adduser 3.110 add and remove users and groups
apache2 2.2.9-10+lenny4 Apache HTTP Server metapackage
apache2-mpm-prefork 2.2.9-10+lenny4 Apache HTTP Server - traditional non-threaded model
apache2-utils 2.2.9-10+lenny4 utility programs for webservers
apache2.2-common 2.2.9-10+lenny4 Apache HTTP Server common files
apt 0.7.20.2+lenny1 Advanced front-end for dpkg
apt-utils 0.7.20.2+lenny1 APT utility programs
aptitude 0.4.11.11-1~lenny1 terminal-based package manager
autoconf 2.61-8 automatic configure script builder
autoconf2.13 2.13-59 automatic configure script builder (obsolete version)
automake 1:1.10.1-3 A tool for generating GNU Standards-compliant Makefiles
automake1.4 1:1.4-p6-13 A tool for generating GNU Standards-compliant Makefiles
autotools-dev 20080123.1 Update infrastructure for config.{guess,sub} files
base-files 5lenny3 Debian base system miscellaneous files
base-passwd 3.5.20 Debian base system master password and group files
bash 3.2-4 The GNU Bourne Again SHell
bash-completion 20080705 programmable completion for the bash shell
bc 1.06.94-3 The GNU bc arbitrary precision calculator language
bind9-host 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 Version of 'host' bundled with BIND 9.X
binutils 2.18.1~cvs2008010
3-7
The GNU assembler, linker and binary utilities
bridge-utils 1.4-5 Utilities for configuring the Linux Ethernet bridge
bsdmainutils 6.1.10 collection of more utilities from FreeBSD
bsdutils 1:2.13.1.1-1 Basic utilities from 4.4BSD-Lite
busybox 1:1.10.2-2 Tiny utilities for small and embedded systems
console-common 0.7.80 basic infrastructure for text console configuration
console-data 2:1.07-11 keymaps, fonts, charset maps, fallback tables for console-tool
console-tools 1:0.2.3dbs-65.1 Linux console and font utilities
coreutils 6.10-6 The GNU core utilities
cpio 2.9-13 GNU cpio -- a program to manage archives of files
cpp 4:4.3.2-2 The GNU C preprocessor (cpp)
cpp-4.3 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU C preprocessor
cron 3.0pl1-105 management of regular background processing
debconf 1.5.24 Debian configuration management system
debconf-i18n 1.5.24 full internationalization support for debconf
debian-archive-keyring
2009.01.31 GnuPG archive keys of the Debian archive
debian-faq 4.0.4 The Debian FAQ
debianutils 2.30 Miscellaneous utilities specific to Debian
dhcp3-client 3.1.1-6+lenny2 DHCP client
dhcp3-common 3.1.1-6+lenny2 common files used by all the dhcp3* packages
dictionaries-common 0.98.12 Common utilities for spelling dictionary tools
diff 2.8.1-12 File comparison utilities
dmidecode 2.9-1 Dump Desktop Management Interface data
dnsutils 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 Clients provided with BIND
dpkg 1.14.25 Debian package management system
e2fslibs 1.41.3-1 ext2 filesystem libraries
e2fsprogs 1.41.3-1 ext2/ext3/ext4 file system utilities

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-4
findutils 4.4.0-2 utilities for finding files--find, xargs
ftp 0.17-18 The FTP client
g++ 4:4.3.2-2 The GNU C++ compiler
g++-4.3 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU C++ compiler
gcc 4:4.3.2-2 The GNU C compiler
gcc-4.2-base 4.2.4-6 The GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
gcc-4.3 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU C compiler
gcc-4.3-base 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
gdb 6.8-3 The GNU Debugger
gettext-base 0.17-4 GNU Internationalization utilities for the base system
gnupg 1.4.9-3+lenny1 GNU privacy guard - a free PGP replacement
gpgv 1.4.9-3+lenny1 GNU privacy guard - signature verification tool
grep 2.5.3~dfsg-6 GNU grep, egrep and fgrep
groff-base 1.18.1.1-21 GNU troff text-formatting system (base system components)
grub 0.97-47lenny2 GRand Unified Bootloader (Legacy version)
grub-common
1.96+20080724-16
GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2 (common files)
gzip 1.3.12-6 The GNU compression utility
hostname 2.95 utility to set/show the host name or domain name
ifenslave 2 Attach and detach slave interfaces to a bonding device
ifenslave-2.6 1.1.0-10 Attach and detach slave interfaces to a bonding device
ifupdown 0.6.8+nmu1 high level tools to configure network interfaces
initramfs-tools 0.92o tools for generating an initramfs
initscripts 2.86.ds1-61 Scripts for initializing and shutting down the system
iproute 20080725-2 networking and traffic control tools
iptables 1.4.2-6 administration tools for packet filtering and NAT
iputils-ping
3:20071127-1
Tools to test the reachability of network hosts
klibc-utils 1.5.12-2 small utilities built with klibc for early boot
libacl1 2.2.47-2 Access control list shared library
libapache2-mod-php5 5.2.6.dfsg.1-1+lenn
y3
server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (Apache 2
module
libapr1 1.2.12-5+lenny1 The Apache Portable Runtime Library
libaprutil1 1.2.12+dfsg-8+lenn
y4
The Apache Portable Runtime Utility Library
libattr1 1:2.4.43-2 Extended attribute shared library
libbind9-40 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 BIND9 Shared Library used by BIND
libblkid1
1.41.3-1
block device id library
libbz2-1.0 1.0.5-1 high-quality block-sorting file compressor library - runtime
libc6 2.7-18 GNU C Library: Shared libraries
libc6-dev 2.7-18 GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files
libc6-i686 2.7-18 GNU C Library: Shared libraries [i686 optimized]
libcap1 1:1.10-14 support for getting/setting POSIX.1e capabilities
libcap2 2.11-2 support for getting/setting POSIX.1e capabilities
libcomerr2 1.41.3-1 common error description library
libconsole 1:0.2.3dbs-65.1 Shared libraries for Linux console and font manipulation
libcwidget3 0.5.12-4 high-level terminal interface library for C++ (runtime files)
libdb4.5 4.5.20-13 Berkeley v4.5 Database Libraries [runtime]
libdb4.6 4.6.21-11 Berkeley v4.6 Database Libraries [runtime]
libdevmapper1.02.1 2:1.02.27-4 The Linux Kernel Device Mapper userspace library
libdns45 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 DNS Shared Library used by BIND
libedit2 2.11~20080614-1 BSD editline and history libraries
libept0 0.5.22 High-level library for managing Debian package information
libevent1 1.3e-3 An asynchronous event notification library
libexpat1 2.0.1-4 XML parsing C library - runtime library

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-5
libgc1c2 1:6.8-1.1 conservative garbage collector for C and C++
libgcc1 1:4.3.2-1.1 GCC support library
libgcrypt11 1.4.1-1 LGPL Crypto library - runtime library
libgdbm3 1.8.3-3 GNU dbm database routines (runtime version)
libgmp3c2 2:4.2.2+dfsg-3 Multiprecision arithmetic library
libgnutls26 2.4.2-6+lenny1 the GNU TLS library - runtime library
libgomp1 4.3.2-1.1 GCC OpenMP (GOMP) support library
libgpg-error0 1.4-2 library for common error values and messages in GnuPG
componen
libgpm2 1.20.4-3.1 General Purpose Mouse - shared library
libgssglue1
0.1-2
mechanism-switch gssapi library
libidn11 1.8+20080606-1 GNU libidn library, implementation of IETF IDN specifications
libisc45 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 ISC Shared Library used by BIND
libisccc40 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 Command Channel Library used by BIND
libisccfg40 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 Config File Handling Library used by BIND
libkeyutils1 1.2-9 Linux Key Management Utilities (library)
libklibc 1.5.12-2 minimal libc subset for use with initramfs
libkrb53 1.6.dfsg.4~beta1-5l
enny1
MIT Kerberos runtime libraries
libldap-2.4-2 2.4.11-1 OpenLDAP libraries
liblocale-gettext-perl 1.05-4 Using libc functions for internationalization in Perl
liblockfile1 1.08-3 NFS-safe locking library, includes dotlockfile program
liblwres40 1:9.5.1.dfsg.P3-1 Lightweight Resolver Library used by BIND
liblzo2-2 2.03-1 data compression library
libmagic1 4.26-1 File type determination library using "magic" numbers
libmpfr1ldbl 2.3.1.dfsg.1-2 multiple precision floating-point computation
libmysqlclient15off 5.0.51a-24+lenny2 MySQL database client library
libncurses5 5.7+20081213-1 shared libraries for terminal handling
libncursesw5 5.7+20081213-1 shared libraries for terminal handling (wide character support
libnet-lite-ftp-perl 0.54-2 Perl FTP client with support for TLS
libnet-ssleay-perl 1.35-1 Perl module for Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
libnet-telnet-perl 3.03-3 Script telnetable connections
libnewt0.52 0.52.2-11.3 Not Erik's Windowing Toolkit - text mode windowing with slang
libnfsidmap2 0.20-1 An nfs idmapping library
libpam-modules 1.0.1-5+lenny1 Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM
libpam-runtime
1.0.1-5+lenny1
Runtime support for the PAM library
libpam0g 1.0.1-5+lenny1 Pluggable Authentication Modules library
libpcap0.8 0.9.8-5 system interface for user-level packet capture
libpci3 1:3.0.0-6 Linux PCI Utilities (shared library)
libpcre3 7.6-2.1 Perl 5 Compatible Regular Expression Library - runtime files
libperl5.10 5.10.0-19lenny2 Shared Perl library
libpkcs11-helper1 1.05-1 library that simplifies the interaction with PKCS#11
libpopt0 1.14-4 lib for parsing cmdline parameters
libpq5 8.3.7-0lenny1 PostgreSQL C client library
libreadline5 5.2-3.1 GNU readline and history libraries, run-time libraries
librpcsecgss3 0.18-1 allows secure rpc communication using the rpcsec_gss
protocol
libsasl2-2 2.1.22.dfsg1-23+len
ny1
Cyrus SASL - authentication abstraction library
libselinux1 2.0.65-5 SELinux shared libraries
libsensors3 1:2.10.7-1 library to read temperature/voltage/fan sensors
libsepol1 2.0.30-2 Security Enhanced Linux policy library for changing policy bin
libsigc++-2.0-0c2a 2.0.18-2 type-safe Signal Framework for C++ - runtime

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-6
libslang2 2.1.3-3 The S-Lang programming library - runtime version
libsnmp-base 5.4.1~dfsg-12 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) MIBs and
documentati
libsnmp15 5.4.1~dfsg-12 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) library
libsqlite3-0 3.5.9-6 SQLite 3 shared library
libss2 1.41.3-1 command-line interface parsing library
libssl0.9.8 0.9.8g-15+lenny1 SSL shared libraries
libstdc++6 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU Standard C++ Library v3
libstdc++6-4.3-dev 4.3.2-1.1 The GNU Standard C++ Library v3 (development files)
libsysfs2 2.1.0-5 interface library to sysfs
libtasn1-3
1.4-1
Manage ASN.1 structures (runtime)
libtext-charwidth-per 0.04-5+b1 get display widths of characters on the terminal
libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-1+b1 converts between character sets in Perl
libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-6 internationalized substitute of Text::Wrap
libusb-0.1-4 2:0.1.12-13 userspace USB programming library
libuuid1 1.41.3-1 universally unique id library
libvolume-id0 0.125-7+lenny1 libvolume_id shared library
libwrap0 7.6.q-16 Wietse Venema's TCP wrappers library
libx11-6 2:1.1.5-2 X11 client-side library
libx11-data 2:1.1.5-2 X11 client-side library
libxapian15 1.0.7-4 Search engine library
libxau6 1:1.0.3-3 X11 authorisation library
libxcb-xlib0 1.1-1.2 X C Binding, Xlib/XCB interface library
libxcb1 1.1-1.2 X C Binding
libxdmcp6 1:1.0.2-3 X11 Display Manager Control Protocol library
libxext6 2:1.0.4-1 X11 miscellaneous extension library
libxml2 2.6.32.dfsg-5 GNOME XML library
libxmuu1 2:1.0.4-1 X11 miscellaneous micro-utility library
linux-image-2.6-686 2.6.26+17+lenny1 Linux 2.6 image on PPro/Celeron/P/PI/P4
linux-image-2.6.26-2-
686
2.6.26-17lenny1 Linux 2.6.26 image on PPro/Celeron/P/PI/P4
linux-libc-dev 2.6.26-19 Linux support headers for userspace development
locales 2.7-18 GNU C Library: National Language (locale) data [support]
lockfile-progs 0.1.11-0.1 Programs for locking and unlocking files and mailboxes
login 1:4.1.1-6 system login tools
logrotate
3.7.1-5
Log rotation utility
lrzsz 0.12.21-4.1 Tools for zmodem/xmodem/ymodem file transfer
lsb-base 3.2-20 Linux Standard Base 3.2 init script functionality
lzma 4.43-14 Compression method of 7z format in 7-Zip program
m4 1.4.11-1 a macro processing language
make 3.81-5 The GNU version of the "make" utility.
makedev 2.3.1-88 creates device files in /dev
man-db 2.5.2-4 on-line manual pager
manpages 3.05-1 Manual pages about using a GNU/Linux system
mawk 1.3.3-11.1 a pattern scanning and text processing language
mime-support 3.44-1 MIME files 'mime.types' & 'mailcap', and support programs
minicom 2.3-1 friendly menu driven serial communication program
mktemp 1.5-9 tool for creating temporary files
mlocate 0.21.1-1 quickly find files on the filesystem based on their name
modconf 0.3.9 Device Driver Configuration
module-init-tools 3.4-1 tools for managing Linux kernel modules
mount 2.13.1.1-1 Tools for mounting and manipulating filesystems
mutt 1.5.18-6 text-based mailreader supporting MIME, GPG, PGP and

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-7
threading
mysql-common 5.0.51a-
24+lenny2
MySQL database common files
ncurses-base 5.7+20081213-1 basic terminal type definitions
ncurses-bin 5.7+20081213-1 terminal-related programs and man pages
ncurses-term 5.7+20081213-1 additional terminal type definitions
net-tools 1.60-22 The NET-3 networking toolkit
netbase 4.34 Basic TCP/IP networking system
netcat-traditional 1.10-38 TCP/IP swiss army knife
nfs-common 1:1.1.2-6lenny1 NFS support files common to client and server
ntpdate 1:4.2.4p4+dfsg-8len
ny2
client for setting system time from NTP servers
openbsd-inetd 0.20080125-2 The OpenBSD Internet Superserver
openssh-blacklist 0.4.1 list of default blacklisted OpenSSH RSA and DSA keys
openssh-blacklist-extr
a
0.4.1 list of non-default blacklisted OpenSSH RSA and DSA keys
openssh-client
1:5.1p1-5
secure shell client, an rlogin/rsh/rcp replacement
openssh-server 1:5.1p1-5 secure shell server, an rshd replacement
openssl 0.9.8g-15+lenny5 Secure Socket Layer (SSL) binary and related cryptographic
too
openssl-blacklist 0.4.2 list of blacklisted OpenSSL RSA keys
openvpn 2.1~rc11-1 virtual private network daemon
openvpn-blacklist 0.3 list of blacklisted OpenVPN RSA shared keys
passwd 1:4.1.1-6 change and administer password and group data
pciutils 1:3.0.0-6 Linux PCI Utilities
perl 5.10.0-19lenny2 Larry Wall's Practical Extraction and Report Language
perl-base 5.10.0-19lenny2 minimal Perl system
perl-modules 5.10.0-19lenny2 Core Perl modules
php5-common 5.2.6.dfsg.1-1+lenn
y3
Common files for packages built from the php5 source
portmap 6.0-9 RPC port mapper
ppp 2.4.4rel-10.1 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) - daemon
pppconfig 2.3.18 A text menu based utility for configuring ppp
pppoe 3.8-3 PPP over Ethernet driver
pppoeconf 1.18 configures PPPoE/ADSL connections
procps 1:3.2.7-11 /proc file system utilities
proftpd
1.3.1-17lenny2
versatile, virtual-hosting FTP daemon
proftpd-basic 1.3.1-17lenny2 versatile, virtual-hosting FTP daemon - binaries
proftpd-mod-ldap 1.3.1-17lenny2 versatile, virtual-hosting FTP daemon - LDAP module
proftpd-mod-mysql 1.3.1-17lenny2 versatile, virtual-hosting FTP daemon - MySQL module
proftpd-mod-pgsql 1.3.1-17lenny2 versatile, virtual-hosting FTP daemon - PostgreSQL module
python 2.5.2-3 An interactive high-level object-oriented language (default ve
python-minimal 2.5.2-3 A minimal subset of the Python language (default version)
python2.5 2.5.2-15 An interactive high-level object-oriented language (version 2.
python2.5-minimal 2.5.2-15 A minimal subset of the Python language (version 2.5)
readline-common 5.2-3.1 GNU readline and history libraries, common files
rsyslog 3.18.6-4 enhanced multi-threaded syslogd
sed 4.1.5-6 The GNU sed stream editor
snmp 5.4.1~dfsg-12 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) applications
snmpd 5.4.1~dfsg-12 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) agents
ssh 1:5.1p1-5 secure shell client and server (metapackage)
ssl-cert 1.0.23 simple debconf wrapper for OpenSSL
sysv-rc 2.86.ds1-61 System-V-like runlevel change mechanism
sysvinit 2.86.ds1-61 System-V-like init utilities

DA-710 Series Linux Introduction
1-8
sysvinit-utils 2.86.ds1-61 System-V-like utilities
tar 1.20-1 GNU version of the tar archiving utility
tasksel 2.78 Tool for selecting tasks for installation on Debian systems
tasksel-data 2.78 Official tasks used for installation of Debian systems
tcpd 7.6.q-16 Wietse Venema's TCP wrapper utilities
tcpdump 3.9.8-4 A powerful tool for network monitoring and data acquisition
telnet 0.17-36 The telnet client
telnetd 0.17-36 The telnet server
tftpd 0.17-16 Trivial file transfer protocol server
time 1.7-23 The GNU time program for measuring cpu resource usage
traceroute 2.0.11-2 Traces the route taken by packets over an IPv4/IPv6 network
tzdata 2009g-0lenny1 time zone and daylight-saving time data
ucf 3.0016 Update Configuration File: preserve user changes to config fil
udev 0.125-7+lenny1 /dev/ and hotplug management daemon
update-inetd 4.31 inetd configuration file updater
usbmount
0.0.14.1
automatically mount and unmount USB mass storage devices
usbutils 0.73-10 Linux USB utilities
util-linux 2.13.1.1-1 Miscellaneous system utilities
vim 1:7.1.314-3+lenny2 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor
vim-common 1:7.1.314-3+lenny2 Vi IMproved - Common files
vim-runtime 1:7.1.314-3+lenny2 Vi IMproved - Runtime files
vim-tiny 1:7.1.314-3+lenny2 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor - compact version
w3m 0.5.2-2+b1 WWW browsable pager with excellent tables/frames support
watchdog 5.4-10 A software watchdog
wget 1.11.4-2 retrieves files from the web
whiptail
0.52.2-11.3
Displays user-friendly dialog boxes from shell scripts
whois 4.7.30 an intelligent whois client
x11-common 1:7.3+19 X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure
xauth 1:1.0.3-2 X authentication utility
zlib1g 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg-12 compression library - runtime

2
2. Software Configuration
In this chapter, we explain how to operate a DA-710-LX computer directly or from a PC near you. There are
three ways to connect to the DA-710-LX computer: through VGA monitor, by using Telnet over the network, or
by using an SSH console from a Windows or Linux machine. This chapter describes basic Linux operating
system configurations. The advanced network management and configuration will be described in the next
chapter “Managing Communications.”
The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Starting from a VGA Console

Connecting from a Telnet Console

Connecting from an SSH Console
Windows Users
Linux Users

Adjusting the System Time
Setting the Time Manually
NTP Client
Updating the Time Automatically

Enabling and Disabling Daemons

Setting the Run-Level

Cron—Daemon for Executing Scheduled Commands

Inserting a USB Storage Device into the Computer

Inserting a CompactFlash Card into the Computer

Checking the Linux Version

APT—Installing and Removing Packages

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-2
Starting from a VGA Console
Connect the display monitor to the DA-710-LX VGA connector, and then power it up by connecting it to the
power adaptor. It takes about 30 to 60 seconds for the system to boot up. Once the system is ready, a login
screen will appear on your monitor.
To log in, type the login name and password as requested. The default values are both root.
Login: root
Password: root
login as: root
[email protected]'s password:
Last login: Mon Jan 22 19:02:16 2007 from 192.168.3.120
#### #### ###### ####### ###### ##
### #### ### ### #### #### ###
### ### ### ### ### ## ###
### #### ## ## ### # ####
#### # ## ### ### ### ## ## ##
## ## # ## ### ## #### # ##
## ### ## ## ## ## #### # ###
## ## # ## ## ## ### #######
## ## # ## ### ### ##### # ##
## ### ## ### ### ## ### # ###
## ### ## ## ## ## ### ## ##
## ### ## ## ## # ### # ##
###### # ###### ######## ###### ########## ######
For further information check:
http://www.moxa.com/
Mount user file system.
Moxa:~#

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-3
Connecting from a Telnet Console
The DA-710-LX computer comes with four basic Gigabit Ethernet ports named LAN1 to LAN4. The default IP
addresses and netmasks of the network interfaces are as follows:
Default IP Address Netmask
LAN 1
192.168.3.127
255.255.255.0
LAN 2 192.168.4.127 255.255.255.0
LAN 3 192.168.5.127 255.255.255.0
LAN 4 192.168.6.127 255.255.255.0
Before using the Telnet client, you should change the IP address of your development workstation so that the
network ports are on the same subnet as the IP address for the LAN port that you connect to. For example, if
you connect to LAN 1, you could set your PC’s IP address to 192.168.3.126, and the netmask to 255.255.255.0.
If you connect to LAN 2, you can set your PC’s IP address to 192.168.4.126, and the netmask to
255.255.255.0.
Use a cross-over Ethernet cable to connect your development workstation directly to the target computer, or
use a straight-through Ethernet cable to connect the computer to a LAN hub or switch. Next, use a Telnet client
on your development workstation to connect to the target computer. After a connection has been established,
type the login name and password as requested to log on to the computer. The default values are both root.
Login: root
Password: root

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-4
Connecting from an SSH Console
The DA-710-LX computer supports an SSH Console to offer users with better security over the network
compared to Telnet.
Windows Users
Click on the link http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html to download PuTTY
(free software) to set up an SSH console for the DA-710-LX in a Windows environment. The following screen
shows an example of the configuration that is required.
Linux Users
From a Linux machine, use the ssh command to access the DA-710-LX’s console utility via SSH.
#ssh 192.168.3.127
Select yes to open the connection.
[root@bee_notebook root]# ssh 192.168.3.127
The authenticity of host ‘192.168.3.127 (192.168.3.127)’ can’t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 8b:ee:ff:84:41:25:fc:cd:2a:f2:92:8f:cb:1f:6b:2f.
Are you sure you want to continue connection (yes/no)? yes_

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-5
Adjusting the System Time
The DA-710-LX has two time settings. One is the system time, and the other is provided by an RTC (Real Time
Clock) built into the DA-710- LX’s hardware.
Setting the Time Manually
Use the date command to query the current system time or set a new system time. Use hwclock to query the
current RTC time or set a new RTC time.
Use the following command to set the system time.
# date MMDDhhmmYYYY
MM
:
Month
DD
:
Date
h
hmm:
H
our and Minute
YYYY
:
Year
Use the following command to write the current system time to the RTC.
# hwclock –w
MOXA:~# date
Fri Jun 23 23:30:31 CST 2000
MOXA:~# hwclock
Fri Jun 23 23:30:35 2000 -0.557748 seconds
MOXA:~# date 120910002004
Thu Dec 9 10:00:00 CST 2004
MOXA:~# hwclock –w
MOXA:~# date ; hwclock
Thu Dec 9 10:01:07 CST 2004
Thu Dec 9 10:01:08 2004 -0.933547 seconds
MOXA:~#
NTP Client
The DA-710-LX has a built-in NTP (Network Time Protocol) client that is used to initialize a time request to a
remote NTP server. Use ntpdate to update the system time.
#ntpdate time.stdtime.gov.tw
#hwclock –w
Visit http://www.ntp.org for more information about NTP and NTP server addresses.
MOXA:~# date ; hwclock
Sat Jan 1 00:00:36 CST 2000
Sat Jan 1 00:00:37 2000 -0.772941 seconds
MOXA:~#
MOXA:~# ntpdate time.stdtime.gov.tw
9 Dec 10:58:53 ntpdate[207]: step time server 220.130.158.52 offset 155905087.9
84256 sec
MOXA:~#
MOXA:~# hwclock -w
MOXA:~# date ; hwclock
Thu Dec 9 10:59:11 CST 2004
Thu Dec 9 10:59:12 2004 -0.844076 seconds
MOXA:~#

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-6
ATTENTION
Before using the NTP client utility, check your IP address and network settings to make sure an Internet
connection is available.
Updating the Time Automatically
This section describes how to use a shell script to update the time automatically.
Example shell script for updating the system time periodically
#!/bin/sh
ntpdate time.stdtime.gov.tw
# You can use the time server’s ip address or domain
# name directly. If you use domain name, you must
# enable the domain client on the system by updating
# /etc/resolv.conf file.
hwclock –w
sleep 100
# Updates every 100 seconds. The min. time is 100 seconds.
# Change 100 to a larger number to update RTC less often.
Save the shell script using any file name. For example, fixtime.
How to run the shell script automatically when the kernel boots up
Because the root file system is mounted in Read-only mode, we need to re-mount it using writable permission.
# mount -o remount,rw /dev/hda1 /
Copy the example shell script fixtime to directory /etc/init.d, and then use chmod 755 fixtime to change
the shell script mode.
# chmod 755 fixtime
Next, use vi editor to edit the file /etc/inittab.
# vi /etc/inittab
Add the following line to the bottom of the file:
ntp : 2345 : respawn : /etc/init.d/fixtime
After you finish writing or modifying the code, remember to execute “umount /” to change the root directory
back to Read-only mode.
# umount /
Use the command #init q to re-initialize the kernel.
# init q

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-7
Enabling and Disabling Daemons
The following daemons are enabled when the DA-710-LX boots up for the first time.
•
snmpd
SNMP Agent
Daemon
•
elnetd
Telnet Server/Client
Daemon
•
inetd
Internet Daemons
•
ftpd
FTP Server/Client
Daemon
•
sshd
Secure Shell Server
Daemon
•
httpd
Apache WWW Server
Daemon
Type the command ps –ef to list all processes currently running.
MOXA:~# ps -ef
PID Uid VmSize Stat Command
1 root 1296 S init
2 root S [keventd]
3 root S [ksoftirqd_CPU0]
4 root S [kswapd]
5 root S [bdflush]
6 root S [kupdated]
7 root S [mtdblockd]
8 root S [khubd]
10 root S [jffs2_gcd_mtd3]
32 root D [ixp425_csr]
38 root 1256 S stdef
47 root 1368 S /usr/sbin/inetd
53 root 4464 S /usr/sbin/httpd
63 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
64 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
65 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
66 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
67 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
92 bin 1460 S /sbin/portmap
105 root 1556 S /usr/sbin/rpc.statd
109 root 4044 S /usr/sbin/snmpd –s –l /dev/null
111 root 2832 S /usr/sbin/snmptrapd -s
140 root 1364 S /sbin/cardmgr
144 root 1756 S /usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd
146 root 1780 S /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd
153 root 2960 S /usr/sbin/sshd
161 root 1272 S /bin/reportip
162 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
163 root 1532 S /sbin/getty 115200 ttyS0
164 root 1532 S /sbin/getty 115200 ttyS1
166 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
168 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
171 root 3652 S /usr/sbin/sshd
172 root 2200 S -bash
174 root 1592 S ps -ef
MOXA:~#

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-8
To run a private daemon, you can edit the file rc.local as follows:
1. Because the root file system is mounted in Read-only mode, you need to re-mount it with write permission.
MOXA:~# mount -o remount,rw /dev/hda1 /
2. Type cd /etc/ to change directories.
MOXA:~# cd /etc/
3. Type vi rc.local to edit the configuration file with vi editor.
MOXA:/etc/# vi rc.local
4. Next, add the application daemon that you want to run. We use the example program tcps2-release which
you can find in the CD to illustrate, and configure it to run in the background.
# !/bin/sh
# Add you want to run daemon
/root/tcps2-release &~
5. After you finish writing or modifying the code, remember to execute “umount /” to change the root directory
back to Read-only mode.
MOXA:~# umount /
6. You should be able to find the enabled daemon after you reboot the system.
MOXA:~# ps -ef
PID Uid VmSize Stat Command
1 root 1296 S init
2 root S [keventd]
3 root S [ksoftirqd_CPU0]
4 root S [kswapd]
5 root S [bdflush]
6 root S [kupdated]
7 root S [mtdblockd]
8 root S [khubd]
10 root S [jffs2_gcd_mtd3]
32 root D [ixp425_csr]
38 root 1256 S stdef
47 root 1368 S /usr/sbin/inetd
53 root 4464 S /usr/sbin/httpd
63 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
64 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
65 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
66 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
67 nobody 4480 S /usr/sbin/httpd
92 bin 1460 S /sbin/portmap
97 root 1264 S /root/tcps2-release
105 root 1556 S /usr/sbin/rpc.statd
109 root 4044 S /usr/sbin/snmpd –s –l /dev/null
111 root 2832 S /usr/sbin/snmptrapd -s
140 root 1364 S /sbin/cardmgr
144 root 1756 S /usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd
146 root 1780 S /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd
153 root 2960 S /usr/sbin/sshd
161 root 1272 S /bin/reportip
162 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
163 root 1532 S /sbin/getty 115200 ttyS0
164 root 1532 S /sbin/getty 115200 ttyS1
166 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
168 root 3464 S /bin/massupfirm
171 root 3652 S /usr/sbin/sshd
172 root 2200 S -bash
174 root 1592 S ps -ef
MOXA:~#

DA-710 Series Linux Software Configuration
2-9
Setting the Run-Level
To set the Linux run-level and execution priority of a program, use the following command (because the root
file system is mounted in Read-only mode, we need to re-mount it with write permission).
MOXA:~# mount -o remount,rw /dev/hda1 /
Edit a shell script to execute /root/tcps2-release and save to tcps2 as an example.
#cd /etc/rc2.d
#ln –s /etc/root/tcps2 S60tcps2
or
#ln –s /etc/root/tcps2 k30tcps2
MOXA:~# cd /etc/rc2.d
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d#
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d# ls
S19nfs-common S25nfs-user-server S99showreadyled
S20snmpd S55ssh
S24pcmcia S99rmnologin
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d#
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d# ln –s /root/tcps2-release S60tcps2
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d# ls
S19nfs-common S25nfs-user-server S99rmnologin
S20snmpd S55ssh S99showreadyled
S24pcmcia S60tcps2
MOXA:/etc/rc2.d#
The command SxxRUNFILE has the following meaning:
S:
S
tart the run file while Linux boots up.
xx:
A
number between 00-99. The smaller number has a higher priority.
RUNFILE:
T
he script file name.
The command KxxRUNFILE has the following meaning:
K:
Start the run file while Linux shuts down or halts.
xx:
A
number between 00-99. The smaller number has a higher priority.
RUNFILE:
T
he script file name.
To remove the daemon, remove the run file from /etc/rc2.d by using the following command:
MOXA:~# rm –f /etc/rc2.d/S60tcps2
After you finish writing or modifying the code, remember to execute “umount /” to change the root directory
back to Read-only mode.
MOXA:~# rm –f /etc/rc2.d/S60tcps2