NetComm G.SHDSL 4-port Security Modem Routers NB712 User manual

2 NB712 / NB714 User Guide
YML829 Rev1
Contents
1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Features ..........................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Package Contents ...........................................................................................................................4
1.3 Specification ....................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Application.......................................................................................................................................7
2 Firewall .....................................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Types of Firewall ..............................................................................................................................9
2.2 Denial of Service Attack ..................................................................................................................10
3 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) .............................................................................................................12
3.1 Specification ..................................................................................................................................12
3.2 Frame Specification........................................................................................................................12
3.3 Applications ...................................................................................................................................13
4 Getting to know the router ........................................................................................................................14
4.1 Front Panel ....................................................................................................................................14
4.2 Rear Panel ....................................................................................................................................15
5 Connecting your G.SHDSL Modem Router .................................................................................................16
6 Configuration via Web Browser .................................................................................................................19
7 Basic Setup ............................................................................................................................................21
7.1 Bridge Mode ..................................................................................................................................22
7.2 Routing Mode.................................................................................................................................24
8 Advanced Setup.......................................................................................................................................34
8.1 SHDSL...........................................................................................................................................35
8.2 WAN..............................................................................................................................................37
8.3 Bridge ...........................................................................................................................................39
8.4 VLAN .............................................................................................................................................41
8.5 Route ............................................................................................................................................43
8.6 NAT/DMZ.......................................................................................................................................45
8.7 Virtual Server .................................................................................................................................47
8.8 Firewall..........................................................................................................................................48
8.9 IP QoS ...........................................................................................................................................56
9 Administration..........................................................................................................................................58
9.1 Security .........................................................................................................................................59
9.2 SNMP............................................................................................................................................61
9.3 Time Sync......................................................................................................................................64

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10 Utility ....................................................................................................................................................66
10.1 System Info..................................................................................................................................67
10.2 Config Tool...................................................................................................................................68
10.3 Upgrade.......................................................................................................................................69
10.4 Logout.........................................................................................................................................70
10.5 Restart.........................................................................................................................................71
11 Status ...................................................................................................................................................72
12 LAN-to-LAN connection with bridge Mode ...............................................................................................73
12.1 CO side .......................................................................................................................................73
12.2 CPE Side......................................................................................................................................75
13 LAN to LAN Connection with Routing Mode .............................................................................................76
13.1 CO side .......................................................................................................................................76
13.2 CPE side......................................................................................................................................78
14 Configuration via Serial Console or Telnet with Menu Driven Interface........................................................80
14.1 Serial Console..............................................................................................................................80
14.2 Telnet ..........................................................................................................................................80
14.3 Operation Interface.......................................................................................................................81
14.4 Window structure .........................................................................................................................82
14.5 Menu Driven Interface Commands.................................................................................................83
14.6 Menu Tree....................................................................................................................................84
14.7 Configuration ...............................................................................................................................85
14.8 Status..........................................................................................................................................87
14.9 Show...........................................................................................................................................88
14.10 Write .........................................................................................................................................89
14.11 Reboot.......................................................................................................................................89
14.12 Ping ..........................................................................................................................................89
14.13 Administration............................................................................................................................89
14.14 Utility .........................................................................................................................................95
14.15 Exit............................................................................................................................................95
14.16 Setup ........................................................................................................................................95
Appendix A: Cable Information ...................................................................................................................112
RJ-45 Network Ports .........................................................................................................................112
Straight and crossover cable configuration ..........................................................................................113
Straight-Through Cabling....................................................................................................................113
Cross-Over Cabling ............................................................................................................................113
SHDSL Line Connector........................................................................................................................114
Console Cable....................................................................................................................................114
Appendix B: Registration and Warranty Information ....................................................................................115

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1 Introduction
NetComm’s NB712 (2-wire) and NB714 (2 or 4-wire selectable) G.SHDSL 4-port Security Modem Routers deliver
symmetrical DSL services to small and medium size business making them an economical alternative to Leased
Line or ISDN services.
Available in two modem router configurations, the NB712 (2-wire) and NB714 (2 or 4-wire selectable) are capable
of providing data rates from 64kbps to 2.304Mbps (NB712) or 128kbps to 4.608Mbps (NB714) and fully comply
with the ITU-T G.991.2 standards.
The NetComm NB712 and NB714 Modem Routers combine integrated high-end Bridging/Routing capabilities
with advanced functions such as Multi-DMZ, virtual server mapping, and VPN pass-through. They also support
port-based VLAN and IEEE802.1q VLAN over an ATM network. An advanced Firewall with Stateful Packet
Inspection (SPI) and DoS protection, all combine to protect your network from outside intruders.
With 4 x 10/100 Base-T auto-sensing, auto-negotiation and auto-MDIX switching ports, the NetComm G.SHDSL
Modem Routers enable you to leverage the latest broadband technology to meet the growing need for high
performance data communication.
1.1 Features
• Easy configuration and management with password control for various applications and
environments
• Efficient IP routing and transparent learning bridge to support broadband Internet services
• VPN pass-through for PPTP/L2TP/IPSec Tunnelling
• Virtual LANs (VLANs) offering significant benefits in terms of efficient use of bandwidth, flexibility,
performance and security
• Built-in advanced SPI firewall
• Four 10/100Mbps Auto-negotiation and Auto-MDIX switching port for flexible local area network
connectivity
• DMZ host/Multi-DMZ/Multi-NAT enables multiple workstations on the LAN to access the Internet
• Full ATM protocol stack implementation over SHDSL
• PPPoA and PPPoE support user authentication with PAP/CHAP/MS-CHAP
• SNMP management with SNMPv1/SNMPv2 agent and MIB II
• Obtain enhancements and new features via Internet software upgrade
1.2 Package Contents
The following items are included in your G.SHDSL Modem Router pack:
• NB712 (2-wire)714 (2 or 4-wire selectable) G.SHDSL Router
• 15V AC 1.0 Amp power supply
• RS232 Console Cable
• RJ11 ADSL line connection cable
• RJ45 10/100 Ethernet cable
• User Guide CD
If any of the above items are missing or damaged, please content NetComm immediately.

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1.3 Specification
Routing
• Supports IP/TCP/UDP/ARP/ICMP/IGMP protocols
• IP routing with static routing and RIPv1/RIPv2 (RFC1058/2453)
• IP multicast and IGMP proxy (RFC1112/2236)
• Network address translation (NAT/PAT) (RFC1631)
• NAT ALGs for ICQ/Netmeeting/MSN/Yahoo Messenger
• DNS relay and caching (RFC1034/1035)
• DHCP server, client and relay (RFC2131/2132)
Bridging
• IEEE 802.1D transparent learning bridge
• IEEE 802.1q VLAN
• Port-based VLAN
• Spanning tree protocol
Security
• DMZ host/Multi-DMZ/Multi-NAT function
• Virtual server mapping (RFC1631)
• VPN pass-through for PPTP/L2TP/IPSec tunnelling
• Natural NAT firewall
• Advanced Stateful packet inspection (SPI) firewall
• Application level gateway for URL and keyword blocking
• User access control: deny certain PCs access to Internet service
Management
• Easy-to-use web-based GUI for quick setup, configuration and management
• Menu-driven interface/Command-line interface (CLI) for local console and Telnet access
• Password protected management and access control list for administration
• SNMP management with SNMPv1/SNMPv2 (RFC1157/1901/1905) agent and MIB II (RFC1213/
1493)
• Software upgrade via web-browser/TFTP server
ATM
• Up to 8 PVCs
• OAM F5 AIS/RDI and loopback
• AAL5

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ATM QoS
• UBR (Unspecified bit rate)
• CBR (Constant bit rate)
• VBR-rt (Variable bit rate real-time)
• VBR-nrt (Variable bit rate non-real-time)
AAL5 Encapsulation
• VC multiplexing and SNAP/LLC
• Ethernet over ATM (RFC 2684/1483)
• PPP over ATM (RFC 2364)
• Classic IP over ATM (RFC 1577)
PPP
• PPP over Ethernet for fixed and dynamic IP (RFC 2516)
• PPP over ATM for fixed and dynamic IP (RFC 2364)
• User authentication with PAP/CHAP/MS-CHAP
WAN Interface
• SHDSL: ITU-T G.991.2 (Annex A, Annex B)
• Encoding scheme: 16-TCPAM
• Data Rate (2-wire mode): N x 64Kbps (N=0~36, 0 for adaptive)
• Data Rate (4-wire mode): N x 128kbps (N=0~36, 0 for adaptive)
• Impedance: 135 ohms
LAN Interface
• 4-ports switching hub (4-port router)
• 10/100 Base-T auto-sensing and auto-negotiation
• Auto-MDIX (4-port router)
Hardware Interface
• WAN: RJ-11
• LAN: RJ-45 x 4
• Console: RS232 female
• RST: Reset button for factory default
Indicators
• General: PWR
• WAN: LNK, ACT
• LAN: 1, 2, 3, 4
• SHDSL: ALM

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Physical/Electrical
• Dimensions: 18.7 x 3.3 x 14.5cm (WxHxD)
• Power: 100~240VAC (via power adapter)
• Power consumption: 9 watts max
• Temperature: 0~45oC
• Humidity: 0%~95%RH (non-condensing)
Memory
• 2MB Flash Memory, 8MB SDRAM
Product Information
• G.shdsl 2-wire router/bridge with 4-port switching hub LAN, VLAN and business class firewall
• G.shdsl 2 or 4-wire selectable router/bridge with 4-port switching hub LAN, VLAN and business
class firewall
1.4 Application
Internet
Firewall
NB714 or NB712
G.SHDSL Modem Router
(
Note: NB714 model shown)
PC PC PC PC

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2 Firewall
A firewall protects networked computers from an intrusion that could compromise confidentiality or result in data
corruption or denial of service. It must have at least two network interfaces, one for the network it is intended to
protect, and one for the network it is exposed to. A firewall sits at the junction point or gateway between the two
networks, usually a private network and a public network such as the Internet.
A firewall examines all traffic routed between the two networks to see if it meets certain criteria. If it does, it is
routed between the networks, otherwise it is stopped. A firewall filters both inbound and outbound traffic. It can
also manage public access to private networked resources such as host applications. It can log all attempts to
enter the private network and trigger alarms when hostile or unauthorized entry is attempted. Firewalls can filter
packets based on their source and destination addresses and port numbers. This is known as address filtering.
Firewalls can also filter specific types of network traffic. This is known as protocol filtering because the decision
to forward or reject traffic is dependant upon the protocol used, for example HTTP, ftp or telnet. Firewalls can also
filter traffic by packet attribute or state.
It is important to note that an Internet firewall cannot prevent individual users with modems from dialling into or
out of the network. By doing so they bypass the firewall altogether and open the network to attack. However, these
are management issues that should be raised during the planning of any security policy and cannot be solved with
Internet firewalls alone.
Internet
NB714 or NB712
G.SHDSL Modem Router
(N
ote:
NB
714 mo
d
e
l
s
h
own
)
Firewall
PC PC PC PC
Access to Specific Destination
Allowed Traffic
Restricted Traffic
Unknown Traffic
Specified Allowed Traffic
Out to Internet

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2.1 Types of Firewall
There are three types of firewall:
2.1.1 Packet Filtering
In packet filtering, only the protocol and the address information of each packet is examined. Its
contents and context (its relation to other packets and to the intended application) are ignored.
The firewall pays no attention to applications on the host or local network and it “knows” nothing
about the source of the incoming data. Filtering consists of examining incoming or outgoing packets
and allowing or disallowing their transmission on the basis of a set of configurable rules. Network
Address Translation (NAT) routers offer the advantages of packet filtering firewalls but can also hide
the IP addresses of computers behind the firewall, and offer a level of circuit-based filtering.
Level 5: Application
Level 4: TCP
Level 3: IP
Level 2: Data Link
Level 1: Physical
Protocol
Source/Destination address
Source/Destination port
IP options
Connection status
192.168.0.5 172.16.3.4
Firewall
Filter remembers
this information
UDP
SP=3264
SA=192.168.0.5
DP=1525
DA=172.16.3.4
UDP
SP=1525
SA=172.16.3.4
DP=3264
DA=192.168.0.5
UDP
SP=1525
SA=172.168.3.4
DP=2049
DA=192.168.0.5
No matches
so disallowed
Matches outgoing
so allowed
192.100.0.10:1025
Firewall 192.120.8.5
192.100.0.11:4433
Internet
192.120.8.5:2205
192.120.8.5:2206
Internal/Protected
Network
External/Unprotected
Network
Client IP Internal Port External Port
192.68.0.10 1025 2205
192.168.0.11 4406 2206

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2.1.2 Circuit Gateway
Also called a “Circuit Level Gateway,” this is a firewall approach that validates connections before
allowing data to be exchanged. What this means is that the firewall doesn’t simply allow or disallow
packets but also determines whether the connection between both ends is valid according to
configurable rules, then opens a session and permits traffic only from the allowed source and
possibly only for a limited period of time.
2.1.3 Application Gateway
The Application Level Gateway acts as a proxy for applications, performing all data exchanges with
the remote system on their behalf. This can render a computer behind the firewall all but invisible to
the remote system. It can allow or disallow traffic according to very specific rules; permitting some
commands to a server but not others, limiting file access to certain types, varying rules according
to authenticated users and so forth. This type of firewall may also perform very detailed logging of
traffic and monitoring of events on the host system, and can often be instructed to sound alarms or
notify an operator under defined conditions. Application-level gateways are generally regarded as the
most secure type of firewall.
2.2 Denial of Service Attack
Denial of service (DoS) attacks typically come in two varieties: resource starvation and resource overload. DoS
attacks can occur when there is a legitimate demand for a resource that is greater than the supply (i.e. too many
web requests to an already overloaded web server). Software vulnerability or system misconfigurations can also
cause DoS situations. The difference between a malicious denial of service and simple system overload is the
requirement of an individual with malicious intent (attacker) using or attempting to use resources specifically to
deny those resources to other users.
Level 5: Application
Level 4: TCP
Level 3: IP
Level 2: Data Link
Level 1: Physical
Telnet
FTP
HTT:
SMTP
Level 5: Application
Level 4: TCP
Level 3: IP
Level 2: Data Link
Level 1: Physical
Destination IP address and/
or source IP address and/or
time of day
protocol
user
password

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Ping of death On the Internet, ping of death is a kind of denial of service
(DoS) attack caused by an attacker deliberately sending an
IP packet larger than the 65,536 bytes allowed by the IP
protocol. One of the features of TCP/IP is fragmentation; it
allows a single IP packet to be broken down into smaller
segments. Attackers began to take advantage of that feature
when they found that a packet broken down into fragments
could add up to more than the allowed 65,536 bytes.
Many operating systems didn’t know what to do when they
received an oversized packet, so they froze, crashed, or
rebooted. Other known variants of the ping of death include
teardrop, bonk and nestea.
SYN Flood The attacker sends TCP connections faster than the
victim machine can process them, causing it to run out
of resources and dropping legitimate connections. A new
defence against this is to create “SYN cookies”. Each side
of a connection has its own sequence number. In response
to a SYN, the attacked machine creates a special sequence
number that is a “cookie” of the connection and forgets
everything it knows about the connection. It can then
recreate the forgotten information about the connection
where the next packets come in from a legitimate
connection.
ICMP Flood The attacker transmits a volume of ICMP request packets to
cause all CPU resources to be consumed serving the phony
requests.
UDP Flood The attacker transmits a volume of requests for UDP
diagnostic services which cause all CPU resources to be
consumed serving the phony requests.
Land attack The attacker attempts to slow your network down by sending
a packet with identical source and destination addresses
originating from your network.
Smurf attack Where the source address of a broadcast ping is forged so
that a huge number of machines respond back to the victim
indicated by the address, thereby overloading it.
Fraggle Attack A perpetrator sends a large amount of UDP echo packets
at IP broadcast addresses, all of it having a spoofed source
address of a victim.
IP Spoofing IP Spoofing is a method of masking the identity of an
intrusion by making it appear that the traffic came from a
different computer. This is used by intruders to keep their
anonymity and can be used in a Denial of Service attack.

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3 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)
Virtual LAN (VLAN) is defined as a group of devices on one or more LANs that are configured so that they can
communicate as if they were attached to the same wire, when in fact they are located on a number of different
LAN segments. Because VLAN is based on logical instead of physical connections, it is extremely flexible.
The IEEE 802.1Q defines the operation of VLAN bridges that permit the definition, operation and administration of
VLAN topologies within a bridged LAN infrastructure. VLAN architecture benefits include:
1. Increased performance
2. Improved manageability
3. Network tuning and simplification of software configuration
4. Physical topology independence
5. Increased security options
As DSL (over ATM) links are deployed more and more extensively, VLAN (VLAN-to-PVC) over DSL links is
becoming a popular requirement of networks.
The following section will discuss the implementation of VLAN-to-PVC only for bridge mode operation, i.e., the
VLAN spreads over both the COE and CPE sides, where there is no layer 3 routing involved.
3.1 Specification
1. The unit supports up to 8 active VLANs with shared VLAN learning (SVL) bridge out of 4096 possible
VLANs specified in IEEE 802.1Q.
2. Each port always belongs to a default VLAN with its port VID (PVID) as an untagged member. Also, a
port can belong to multiple VLANs and be tagged members of these VLANs.
3. A port must not be a tagged member of its default VLAN.
4. If a non-tagged or null-VID tagged packet is received, it will be assigned with the default PVID of the
ingress port.
5. If the packet is tagged with non-null VID, the VID in the tag will be used.
6. The look up process starts with VLAN look up to determine whether the VID is valid. If the VID is
not valid, the packet will be dropped and its address will not be learned. If the VID is valid, the VID,
destination address, and source address lookups are performed.
7. The VID and destination address lookup determines the forwarding ports. If it fails, the packet will be
broadcast to all members of the VLAN, except the ingress port.
8. Frames are sent out tagged or untagged depending on if the egress port is a tagged or untagged
member of the VLAN that the frames belong to.
9. If VID and source address look up fails, the source address will be learned.
3.2 Frame Specification
An untagged frame or a priority-tagged frame does not carry any identification of the VLAN to which it belongs.
Such frames are classified as belonging to a particular VLAN based on parameters associated with the receiving
port. Also, priority tagged frames, which, by definition, carry no VLAN identification information, are treated the
same as untagged frames.
A VLAN-tagged frame carries an explicit identification of the VLAN to which it belongs; i.e., it carries a tag header
that carries a non-null VID. This results in a minimum tagged frame length of 68 octets. Such a frame is classified

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as belonging to a particular VLAN based on the value of the VID that is included in the tag header. The presence
of the tag header carrying a non-null VID means that some other device, either the originator of the frame or a
VLAN-aware bridge, has mapped this frame into a VLAN and has inserted the appropriate VID.
The following figure shows the difference between a untagged frame and VLAN tagged frame, where the Tag
Protocol Identifier (TPID) is of 0x8100 and it identifies the frame as a tagged frame. The Tag Control Information
(TCI) consists of the following elements:
1) User priority allows the tagged frame to carry user priority information across bridged LANs in
which individual LAN segments may be unable to signal priority information (e.g., 802.3/Ethernet
segments).
2) The Canonical Format Indicator (CFI) is used to signal the presence or absence of a Routing
Information Field (RIF) field, and, in combination with the Non-canonical Format Indicator (NCFI)
carried in the RIF, to signal the bit order of address information carried in the encapsulated frame.
3) The VID uniquely identifies the VLAN to which the frame belongs.
3.3 Applications
LAN LAN
SHDSL Router SHDSL Router
SHDSLEthernet Ethernet
LAN
SHDSL Router
SHDSL Ethernet
Internet
DSLAM

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4 Getting to know the router
This section will introduce the hardware of the router.
4.1 Front Panel
The front panel contains LEDs which show the status of the SHDSL router. Note: The front panel LEDs of the
NB712 (2-wire) and NB714 (2 or 4-wire selectable) are identical. The NB714 is shown below.
LED status
LEDs Active Description
PWR On Power on
WAN
LNK On SHDSL line connection is established
Blink SHDSL handshake
ACT On Transmit or received data over SHDSL link
LAN
1 On Ethernet cable is connected to LAN 1
Blink Transmit or received data over LAN 1
2 On Ethernet cable is connected to LAN 2
Blink Transmit or received data over LAN 2
3 On Ethernet cable is connected to LAN 3
Blink Transmit or received data over LAN 3
4 On Ethernet cable is connected to LAN 4
Blink Transmit or received data over LAN 4
ALM On SHDSL line connection is dropped
Blink SHDSL self test

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4.2 Rear Panel
The rear panel of the SHDSL router is where all of the cable connections are made.
Connectors Description
DC-IN Power adaptor inlet: Input voltage 9VDC
LAN (1,2,3,4) 10/100BaseT auto-sensing and auto- MDIX for LAN port
(RJ-45)
CONSOLE RS-232C (DB9) for system configuration and maintenance
LINE SHDSL interface for WAN port (RJ-11)
RST Reset button to reboot or load factory default
The reset button can be used in one of two ways.
(1) Press the Reset Button for one second to reboot the system only.
(2) Pressing the Reset Button for four seconds will cause the product to reload the factory default
settings, thereby losing all of your settings. If you forget your user name or password, or if the router
is having difficulties connecting to the Internet, you may want to reconfigure it to clear all previous
settings. Press the Reset Button and hold for four (4) seconds with a paper clip or sharp pen/pencil.

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5 Connecting your G.SHDSL Modem Router
This guide is designed to lead users through the Web Configuration of the G.SHDSL Modem Router in the easiest
and quickest way possible. Please follow the instructions carefully.
Note: There are three methods to configure the router: serial console, Telnet and Web
Browser. Only one configuration application is used to setup the Modem Router at
any given time. Select the method you wish to use and continue.
For Web configuration, you can skip step 3.
For Serial Console Configuration, you can skip step 1 and 2.
Step 1: Check the Ethernet Adapter in PC
Make sure that an Ethernet Adapter has been installed in the PC that is to be used for configuration of the router.
TCP/IP protocol is necessary for web configuration, so please check that the PC has TCP/IP protocol installed.
Step 2: Check the Web Browser in PC
For Web Configuration, ensure that the PC has a Web Browser installed, such as IE or Netscape.
Note: Suggest IE5.0, Netscape 6.0 or above and 800x600 screen resolution or above.
Step 3: Check the Terminal Access Program
For Serial Console and Telnet Configuration, users need to setup the terminal access program with VT100
terminal emulation.
Step 4: Determine Connection Setting
Users need to know the Internet Protocol supplied by your Service Provider and determine the mode of setting.
Protocol Selection
RFC1483 Ethernet over ATM
RFC1577 Classical Internet Protocol over ATM (CLIP)
RFC2364 Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM (PPPoA)
RFC2516 Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Different Protocols are required to setup different WAN parameters. Your ISP will advise the correct protocol and
the necessary WAN parameters to configure your Modem Router.

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Bridge EoA
Route EoA
IPoA
PPPoA

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PPPoE
Step 5: Install the SHDSL Router
Do not turn on the Modem Router until you have completed the Hardware Installation.
• Connect the power adapter to the port labelled DC-IN on the rear panel of the product.
• Connect the Ethernet cable to the PC.
Note: The 4-port modem router supports auto-MDIX switching, so both straight and
cross-over Ethernet cables can be used.
• Connect the phone cable to the product and the other side of the phone cable to the wall jack.
• Connect the power adapter to the power source.
• Turn on the PC which will be used to configure the Router.
4-port router with network topology
Internet
Firewall
NB714 or NB712
G.SHDSL Modem Router
(
Note: NB714 model shown)
PC PC PC PC

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6 Configuration via Web Browser
For Win95, 98 and Me, click the start button. Select Setting and Control Panel.
Double click the Network icon.
In the Configuration window, select the TCP/IP protocol line associated with your network card and then click the
Properties button.

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Choose IP Address tab. Select Obtain IP address automatically. Click the OK button.
The window will ask you to restart the PC. Click Yes button.
After rebooting your PC, open your web browser and type http://192.168.1.1 to connect to the Router.
The default IP address and sub net-mask of the Router is 192.168.1.1 and 255.255.255.0. Because the router
acts as DHCP server in your network, the router will automatically assign an IP address for the PC in the network.
Type User Name admin and Password admin and then click OK.
The default user name and password are both admin. For the system security, we suggest you change them after
configuration.
Note: After changing the User Name and Password, it is strongly recommended that you
record them somewhere as a reminder for the next time you login. If you cannot
remember the User Name and Password, you will need to reset the Modem
Router, which will lose any previous configuration.