ST UM0704 User manual

April 2010 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 1/18
UM0704
User manual
STEVAL-MKI029V1: inclination analysis demonstration board
based on the STM8S207R6 MCU and LIS331DLH MEMS
Introduction
This document explains the functioning of the STEVAL-MKI029V1 inclination analysis
demonstration board based on STM8S207R6 MCU and LIS331DLH MEMS, and also
serves as a quick reference manual to operate the system.
The STEVAL-MKI029V1 inclination analysis demonstration board is a hand-held
demonstration board which detects the tilt on the X- and Y-axis of the board and provides a
visual representation of this information using an array of colored LEDs placed in two
circles. The demonstration board can detect the free-fall of the board and displays the
information for this event on the bi-color LED at the center of the board. The system can also
be configured to detect the circular motion of the board, in which LED patterns are
generated depending on board movement. The STEVAL-MKI029V1 also features a
demonstration mode. In this mode, different LED patterns are displayed irrespective of the
position/motion of the board, making the system suitable for exhibitions and seminars.
Three modes of operation have been implemented. Each mode can be operated with or
without the buzzer. An on-board button takes the demo from one mode to the next in a cyclic
manner. The system automatically enters standby mode when there is no motion for more
than 10 seconds and wakes up from standby when a vibration/motion is detected or the on-
board button is pressed.
The STEVAL-MKI029V1 also monitors the batteries, and allows the user to check their
status at any time. When low battery power is detected, the system alerts the user to
change the batteries and the system enters into no-operation mode to avoid malfunction.
The board is equipped with free MCU I/Os for the external interface, and a SWIM connector
is included to provide in-circuit debugging capability. The system is powered by 3 AAA
batteries of 1.5 V each. The board has a circular shape, with a diameter of 84 mm. The
board is RoHS compliant.
To summarize, the key features of the system are:
■Detects and provides visual/audio representation of:
– Tilt on the X-axis
– Tilt on the Y-axis
– Circular motion of the board
– Free-fall motion of the board
■Displays motion information using multi-colored LEDs or music/rhythm patterns
■Provides six different operating modes
■Offers a standby function for low power consumption
■Monitors the 3 AAA batteries and displays their status on the LEDs
■Provides additional MCU I/Os for future extensions
■Equipped with a SWIM connector for debugging capability
■Compliant with RoHS directives
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Contents UM0704
2/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
Contents
1 Getting started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.1 System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Package content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Hardware installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Powering up the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 System operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 Starting up the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 System operation modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.1 Inclination mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 Inclination mode with sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.3 Circular mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.4 Circular mode with sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.5 Demonstration mode/whirl mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.6 Demonstration mode/light and sound mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3 Battery life monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4 Free-fall detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.5 Standby operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 Schematic and bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
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UM0704 List of figures
Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 3/18
List of figures
Figure 1. STEVAL-MKI029V1 - front view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 2. STEVAL-MKI029V1 - back view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3. Tilt on the X-axis: image of the board’s X- and Y-axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 4. Tilt on the X-axis - image of the explanation of tilt on the X-axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 5. Tilt in the X-axis in a left direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 6. Tilt in the X-axis in a right direction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 7. Tilt on the Y-axis - image of the board’s X- and Y-axis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 8. Tilt on the Y-axis - image of the explanation of tilt in the Y-axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 9. Tilt in the Y-axis in an upward direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 10. Tilt in the Y-axis in a downward direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 11. Circular mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 12. Battery status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 13. Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
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Getting started UM0704
4/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
1 Getting started
1.1 System requirements
The system requires 3 AAA batteries of 1.5 V each, totalling 4.5 V (1.5 X 3 = 4.5) for
powering up the system.
1.2 Package content
The demonstration board package includes the following:
●Hardware
– STEVAL-MKI029V1
●Documentation
–Usermanual
1.3 Hardware installation
The system can be powered up by using three AAA batteries of 1.5 V each.
Figure 1. STEVAL-MKI029V1 - front view
The major components present on the STEVAL-MKI029V1 - front view, are (see Figure 1),
●Microcontroller - STM8S207R6T6
●MEMS - LIS33 DLH
●Power switch
●Mode switch
●Free-fall LED - bi-color LED (green/red)
●LED outer circle - 12 red colored LEDs in PLCC-2 package
●LED inner circle - 8 yellow colored LEDs in PLCC-2 package
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Figure 2. STEVAL-MKI029V1 - back view
The major components present on the base station - back view, are (see Figure 2),
●Voltage regulator for regulated 3.3 V output - L6926
●SWIM connector - for the in-circuit programming of MCU STM8S207R6T6
●Battery case for holding 3 AAA (1.5 V) batteries
●Buzzer
●Free MCU I/Os for future expansion
1.4 Powering up the system
The system is powered up using the three AAA (1.5 V) batteries. These batteries should be
placed into the battery case attached to the back of the board.
On the bottom side of the board, SW2 acts as the power switch where the user can switch
the power to the system ON or OFF.
As the power switch is set to the ON position, the inner and outer circle LEDs glow in
sequence. This pattern is referred to as the welcome message.
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System operation UM0704
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2 System operation
2.1 Starting up the system
When the system is powered up, the user is welcomed with a defined sequence of LED
patterns. This indicates that the system has started up perfectly.
After this welcome message the system enters into the inclination mode, which is the default
mode of the system. For details please refer to Section 2.2.
2.2 System operation modes
The system is equipped with 6 different modes of operation. These modes have different
functions and the user can navigate through these modes by using the push button switch
designated as 'MODE' and available on the top side of the board.
A detailed description of each mode follows:
2.2.1 Inclination mode
Inclination is the term which is used to describe the tilt of the system from the equilibrium
position. The equilibrium position is the state when the board plane (MEMS X-Y plane) is
parallel to the ground plane, i.e. the MEMS Z-axis is parallel to gravitational force 'G'. In
equilibrium state all the outer and inner circle LEDs are off.
In this mode, both the tilt in the X-axis and the Y-axis of the board is measured and this
information is displayed using the LED circles.
Tilt on the X-axis
If the Y-axis of the board/MEMS is kept fixed, the board is tilted on the X-axis (see Figure 3
and 4) then the system measures the tilt on the X-axis and this information is shown using
the LEDs on the outer circle of the board.
Figure 3. Tilt on the X-axis: image of the
board’s X- and Y-axis
Figure 4. Tilt on the X-axis - image of the
explanation of tilt on the X-axis
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UM0704 System operation
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For example, let's suppose the board is in the equilibrium position and the Y-axis of the
board is fixed, if the X-axis of the board is tilted in an upward/left direction, then at an
inclination of, say, 14 degrees, D7 glows. If the inclination is increased further to 28 degrees,
D5 and D9 are turned on. After that D3 and D11 are turned on and so on (see Figure 5).
When the board is inclined at a right angle (the X-axis of the board is at 90 degrees to
ground plane), all the outer circle LEDs are turned on. The LEDs start turning off in the
same fashion when the board detects a reverse movement. ([D6], [D4, D8], [D2, D10], [D1,
D12] and so on).
Similarly, starting from the equilibrium position, while keeping the Y-axis of the board fixed, if
the X-axis of the board is tilted downwards/right, the outer circle LEDs start glowing
beginning from D6. At an inclination of, say, 14 degrees, D6 glows. If the inclination is
increased further to 28 degrees, D4 and D8 are turned on. After that D2 and D10 are turned
on and so on (see Figure 6). When, the board is inclined at a right angle (the X-axis of the
board is at 90 degrees to ground plane), all the outer circle LEDs are turned on. The LEDs
start turning off in the same fashion when the board detects a reverse movement ([D7], [D5,
D9], [D3, D11], [D1, D12] and so on)
Tilt on the Y-axis
If the X-axis of the board/MEMS is kept fixed, the board is tilted on the Y-axis (see Figure 7
and 8), then the system measures the tilt on the Y-axis and this information is shown using
the LEDs on the inner circle of the board.
Figure 5. Tilt in the X-axis in a left direction Figure 6. Tilt in the X-axis in a right direction
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For instance, let's suppose the board is in an equilibrium position and the X-axis of the
board is fixed, if the Y- axis of the board is tilted in an upward direction (the Y-axis of the
board is moved up) then, at an inclination of, say, 18 degrees with respect to ground plane,
D13 glows. If the inclination is increased to approximately 36 degrees, D14 and D15 glow
(see Figure 9). If the inclination is further increased, D16, D17 are turned on, and then D18,
D19 and when the board is finally perpendicular to the ground plane all the inner circle LEDs
are turned on. The LEDs start turning off in a similar manner when the board detects a
reverse tilt to again attain the equilibrium position, ([D20], [D18, D19], [D16, D17] and so
on).
Similarly, let us suppose that from the equilibrium position, keeping the X-axis of the board
fixed, if the Y-axis of the board is tilted downwards (the Y-axis of the board is moved down),
the inner circle starts glowing, beginning from D20. If the board is inclined further in a
downward direction, D19 and D18 turn on and so on (see Figure 10). When the board is at
90 degrees to the ground plane, all the inner circle LEDs are turned on. The LEDs start
turning off in a similar manner when the board detects a reverse movement to again attain
the equilibrium position, ([D13], [D14, D15], [D16, D17] and so on).
Figure 7. Tilt on the Y-axis - image of the
board’s X- and Y-axis
Figure 8. Tilt on the Y-axis - image of the
explanation of tilt in the Y-axis
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Figure 9. Tilt in the Y-axis in an upward
direction
Figure 10. Tilt in the Y-axis in a downward
direction
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UM0704 System operation
Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 9/18
For a simultaneous tilt in both the X- and Y-axis, the combined effect is shown in the outer
and inner LED circles of the board.
Note: The angles shown above are only for reference, these do not refer to the actual angle of
inclination of the board in any axis.
Note: Tilt on the X- and Y-axis of the board is mentioned in the PCB of the board as the Roll and
Pitch respectively. These do not refer to the pitch and roll of the gyroscope but are used just
for this board
2.2.2 Inclination mode with sound
This mode also measures the tilt of the board in the X-axis and the Y-axis and displays this
information on the LED circles. But in this mode, according to the motion, a sound is also
produced using the buzzer. The frequency of the sound is related to the inclination/tilt of the
board. The higher the inclination; the higher the beep sound frequency generated.
Beep sound frequencies for tilt in the Y-axis are kept higher than beep sound frequencies for
tilt in the X-axis. This is done to distinguish the two motions also by the sound produced.
Note: For simultaneous angular movement in both the X- and Y-axis, the combined effect is shown
in the outer and inner LED circles of the board, so, accordingly, the sound produced has the
combined effect.
Note: To know more about the inclination measurement and display please see Section 2.2.1.
2.2.3 Circular mode
In this system mode the circumference of the board is divided into 12 directions and each
LED on the outer circle denotes one such direction. Now, if the Z-axis of the board detects a
tilt in any of these directions, then the corresponding LED on the outer circle and an
opposite LED on the inner circle glows. The LEDs continue to glow until the board is inclined
in that direction. Now, if the tilt direction is changed then the LEDs corresponding to that tilt
start glowing.
This system mode is extended to show the circular motion of the board. To produce the
circular motion of the board the user should follow the following steps:
●Hold the board in one palm with the XY plane of the board parallel to the palm
●Hold the hand in such a way that the back of the palm is facing the ground plane
●Now keeping the Z-plane of the hand fixed, revolve the hand in the XY plane (see
Figure 11)
The LEDs on the boards follow the revolution of the board. If the revolution speed is high
then it provides a very good visual effect of the rotating LEDs responding to the board
revolution.
2.2.4 Circular mode with sound
This mode is similar to the circular mode described earlier in Section 2.2.3. But in this mode
a buzzer sounds according to the motion of the board. Each of the 12 directions of the board
is assigned a buzzer frequency, therefore producing a rhythmic sound effect with the circular
motion of the board.
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System operation UM0704
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Figure 11. Circular mode
2.2.5 Demonstration mode/whirl mode
This mode is specially developed for seminars and exhibitions. This mode does not take into
account the motion/movement of the board. In this mode, at a particular moment, only a
single LED glows. Let’s call it the “running LED”. The running LED starts from D19 of the
inner circle and follows a clockwise motion at a certain predefined speed. The motion speed
of the running LED continues to increase and at a particular speed the running LED leaves
the inner circle and reaches the outer circle. The running LED starts from the outer circle at
D6 and again follows a clockwise motion at a particular speed. The speed of the circular
motion continues to increase at a particular rate and the running LED again starts from the
inner circle LED D11.
Note: The above sequence continues to repeat until the user enters an alternative mode or the
supply is turned off.
2.2.6 Demonstration mode/light and sound mode
This mode is also specially developed for seminars and exhibitions. In this mode different
kinds of musical notes have been developed and the LEDs blink according to the musical
notes.
Note: The above sequence continues to repeat until the user enters an alternative mode or the
supply is turned off.
AM042309v1
Two LEDsglowing at atime in circular mode Graphic picture of the planesfor the circular mode
Actual picture of the board in palm along with the ground plane
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UM0704 System operation
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2.3 Battery life monitoring
The system is continuously monitoring the battery life and the user can check the present
status of the battery at any time by pressing the mode switch twice (maximum 800 ms
between two consecutive key presses). The higher the number of LEDs glowing; the more
battery life remains (see Figure 12).
Figure 12. Battery status
When the battery voltage falls below 3.2 V, the system gives a low battery warning in which
all the LEDs turn off and the complete system goes into low power mode. The system does
not operate from the low power mode. This is an indication to the user that the batteries
need to be replaced immediately. The system doesn’t work until the batteries are replaced.
Note: The display levels are just to indicate to the user the battery life which is capable of running
the system successfully.
2.4 Free-fall detection
The system is capable of detecting the free-fall of the board. Normally, the central D21 LED
of the board is green. As the board is given a free-fall motion, the system produces a
warning sound and the bi-color LED turns red. The inner circle blinks five times after the
free-fall motion is detected. After the board has recovered from the free-fall motion, the bi-
color LED turns green.
Note: The system only recognizes the free-fall of the board and rejects a forceful throw.
2.5 Standby operation
The system is provided with smart intelligence to save power. If the system is not disturbed
or doesn’t detect any motion for more than 10 seconds, then the system switches into the
standby mode. In this mode all the LEDs are OFF and the MEMS and MCU are at their low-
power consumption configuration. The system is smart enough that, as soon as it detects
any motion, it wakes up from standby and starts performing in the same mode in which it
went into standby. The system can also be re-activated by pressing the mode switch.
Note: The standby operation of the system is not present in the demonstration modes. This is
done for the continuous operation of the system in demonstration modes.
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Schematic and bill of materials UM0704
12/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
3 Schematic and bill of materials
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UM0704 Schematic and bill of materials
Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 13/18
Table 1. BOM
Category Ref. design. Component descr. Package Manuf.
Manufacturer’s
ordering code /
Orderable part
number
Suppl. Supplier
ordering code
ST devices
U1
Microcontroller
working as host for all
the devices
connected
LQFP-64, 10x10 STMicroelectronics STM8S207R6T6 STMicroelectronics STM8S207R6T
6
U2 Voltage regulator MSOP8 STMicroelectronics L6926 STMicroelectronics L6926
U3 MEMS LGA16 STMicroelectronics LIS331DLH STMicroelectronics LIS331DLH
Other devices
SW1
Push button switch
used as 'MODE
switch'
Through hole Tyco Electronics FSMH Digi-Key 450-1646-ND
SW2
Right angled slider
switch used as power
switch
Right angled
through hole EAO 09-10290-01 Farnell 674357
Connectors
and jumpers
J1 SWIM connector SMT, 4 pin, 1.27
mm pitch ERNI 284697 ERNI 284697
J2,J3 External jumpers for
the free I/Os of STM8 Through hole NA NA NA NA
LEDs
D1,D2,
D3,D4,D5,D6,D7,
D8,D9,
D10,D11,D12
Red LEDs of the outer
circle PLCC-2 Avago technologies US
HSMC-A101-
S00J1 Digi-Key 516-2122-2-ND
D13,D14,D15,D1
6,D17,D18,D19,
D20
Yellow LEDs of the
inner circle PLCC-2 Avago technologies US
HSMA-A101-
S00J1 Digi-Key 516-2120-2-ND
D21 Bi-color LED for free-
fall detection PLCC-4 Kingbright KAA-3528ESGC Farnell 1318239
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Schematic and bill of materials UM0704 14/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
Capacitors
C7 220 pF SMD0805 Xicon
140-
CC501B221K-
RC or equivalent
Mouser
140-
CC501B221K-
RC
C1,C3,
C5,C9,C10, C11 100 nF SMD0805 Panasonic - ECG
ECJ-
2VB1E104K or
equivalent
Digi-Key PCC1828CT-
ND
C2 470 nF SMD0805 Murata Electronics
North America
GRM21BF51E4
74ZA01L or
equivalent
Digi-Key 490-1730-1-ND
C4 1 µF SMD1206 Panasonic - ECG
ECJ-
3YB1C105K or
equivalent
Digi-Key PCC1882CT-
ND
C6,C8 Ceramic 4.7 µF 6.3 V SMD 1206 Murata Electronics
North America
GRM31MR60J4
75KC11L or
equivalent
Digi-Key 490-3043-1-ND
Inductors
L1 Ferrite chip 600 Ω
200MA SMD 0805 Murata Electronics North America
BLM21BD601S
N1D Digi-Key 490-1046-1-ND
L2 15 µH
0.157" L x 0.157"
W x 0.079" H
(4.00 mm x 4.00
mm x 2.00 mm)
TDK VLCF4020T-
150MR68 Digi-Key 445-3187-1-ND
Table 1. BOM (continued)
Category Ref. design. Component descr. Package Manuf.
Manufacturer’s
ordering code /
Orderable part
number
Suppl. Supplier
ordering code
www.BDTIC.com/ST

UM0704 Schematic and bill of materials
Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 15/18
Resistors
R36 0 SMD0805 Bourns
CRL0805-JW-
R100ELF or
equivalent
Mouser
652-
CRL0805JWR1
00ELF
R33, R34 47 ΩSMD0805 Xicon 260-47-RC or
equivalent Mouser 260-47-RC
R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,
R6,R7, R8,R9,
R10 R11,R12,
R14,R15,
R16,R17,
R18,R19,
R20,R21
220 ΩSMD0805 Xicon 260-220-RC or
equivalent Mouser 260-220-RC
R31, R35 1 kΩSMD0805 Xicon 292-1.0K-RC or
equivalent Mouser 292-1.0K-RC
R28 2.2 ΩSMD0805 Xicon 292-2.2K-RC or
equivalent Mouser 292-2.2K-RC
R13, R22, R23,
R24, R25, R29,
R30, R32
4.7 ΩSMD0805 Vishay/Dale
CRCW08054K7
0JNEA or
equivalent
Mouser
71-
CRCW0805J-
4.7K-E3
R27 10 kΩSMD0805 Vishay/Dale
CRCW080510K
0JNEA or
equivalent
Mouser
71-
CRCW0805J-
10K-E3
R26 430 kΩSMD0805 Xicon 260-430K-RC or
equivalent Mouser 260-430K-RC
Table 1. BOM (continued)
Category Ref. design. Component descr. Package Manuf.
Manufacturer’s
ordering code /
Orderable part
number
Suppl. Supplier
ordering code
www.BDTIC.com/ST

Schematic and bill of materials UM0704 16/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
Misc.
components
BT1 Case for 3 X AAA
batteries
63 mmx 37 mm
(wired)
Eagle plastic
devices 12BH431/C-GR Mouser 12BH431/C- GR
55 mmx 38 mm
(wired)
Memory protection
devices SBH-431-1A Digi-Key SBH-431-A-ND
BZ1 Buzzer
12.2 mmx
6.5 mm
(through hole)
TDK PSI240P02AT Mouser 810-
PS1240P02AT
Table 1. BOM (continued)
Category Ref. design. Component descr. Package Manuf.
Manufacturer’s
ordering code /
Orderable part
number
Suppl. Supplier
ordering code
www.BDTIC.com/ST

UM0704 Revision history
Doc ID 15731 Rev 1 17/18
4 Revision history
Table 2. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
23-Apr-2010 1Initial release.
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UM0704
18/18 Doc ID 15731 Rev 1
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