Toshiba T6963C Installation and operating instructions

ApplicationNote
InterfacingtoaGraphicsModulewithaToshiba
T6963CController
Page1
Introduction:
FunctionalDescription:
Schematic:
TheToshibaT6963CLCDcontrollerisoneofthemostpopularcontrollersforuseinsmallgraphics
displays.ForthisreasonitisusedinanumberofLCDmodulesfrom128x128to 240x128 pixels.
Thisclassofmoduleismostcommonlyusedtodisplayamixtureoftextand graphics in samall
devicesandinstruments.Itisusuallyinterfaceddirectlywithanembedded8-bit microprocessor.
Thisapplicationnotedescribestheuseofthiscontrollerwithanumberof graphics modules.
Theexampleusedhereisbasedonan8-bitIntelI8051microcontroller but applies to almost any
micro-controller.
TheT6963Cusesasimple8-bitdatabustotransferallinstructionsanddatatoandfromthe
display.Afterpowerisappliedahardwareresetisissued.Thecontrollermustthenbeinitialized
withaseriesofcommandstosetupthevariousmodesandoptionsavailabletotheuser.Once
initializedthedisplayisreadytoacceptthedatatobedisplayed.Thisdatacanbeintheformof
bit-mappedgraphicaldataortextdatainpseudoASCIIformat.Theinternalcharactergeneratoris
biasedat-20h.whichmeanstheusermustsubtract20hfromtheASCIIcodebeforesendingitto
thedisplay.
Inthebit-mappedmodeeachbyteofdatarepresents8pixelsonthedisplay.SeeFigure#1.Text
datacanbewritteninpseudoASCIIformatandwillbedisplayedasa5x7dotcharacter.The
graphicalandtextdataarewrittentoseparate,userassigned,areas,orpages,inthedisplayRAM
withinthedisplaymodule.Theusercanthenchooseoneofthreewaystomixthetextand
graphicspagesonthedisplayorthetextorgraphicspagecanbedisplayedalone.
The80C51microprocessorisconnectedtotheLCDcontrollerchipviaparallelI/Oportsinthis
example.Itcouldalsobeconnectedtotheprocessor'sdatabusandbemappedintothe
processor'sdatamemoryarea.Seefigure2.
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1
1BYTE
ST
17BYTE
TH
2BYTE
ND
Figure#1Memorymapofa128x128display

ApplicationNote
Page2
+5v
-15V
VSS
FG
VL
VDD
33pF
33pF
16.00mHz
RST
1N4148
+5v
1uF
10k
+
X1
X2
80C51
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
D0
D4
D1
D5
D2
D6
D3
D7
WR
RD
CE
CD
RESET
240x64LCDDISPLAY
20K
Figure2Schematicdiagram
Software:
Thesampleprogramhereiswrittenin8051assemblylanguageandisdesignedtoworkwiththe
hardwareshowninFigure2.Itisbasedona240x64displaybutisapplicabletoanyLCD with the
T6963Ccontroller.
Theprogramfirstresetsthedisplay.Thisresetmustlastaminimumof2µS.Itthensendsaseriesof
commandbytesandparameterstotheLCDcontrollertoinitializeit.TheT6963Crequiresthatthe
parameters,ifany,aresentinthedatamodeandmustprecedethecommandbyte,whichissentin
thecommandmode.
Thecontrollerisinitializedwiththegraphicspageat0000-077fh.Thisis1920byteswhichwill
accommodateafullscreenofdata.Notextisdisplayedinthisexamplebutthecontrolleris
initializedfortextoperationtoillustratetheprocess.Thetextpagestartsimmediatelyfollowingthe
graphicspageatlocation0780h.
TheFS(FontSelect)lineissettoazerointhisexamplewhichwillplacethe5x7pixelcharacterina
8x8pixelfield.Thiswillproduce30charactersperlinewith8linesperdisplay().Thetotal
numberofcharacters possibleinthismodeis240.
Afterinitializationthecontrollerissetintheautowritemodeandthedisplayisfilledwithabit-
mappedgraphic.
Thecodeexampleisnotwrittentobeefficientbuttobeassimpleaspossible.
AoneontheFSlinewillproducean6x8pixel
fieldforeachcharacter.
tofollow
FS
240
8=30

ApplicationNote
Page3
SoftwareFlowchart:
MSGC:
SENDA
COMMAND
WITH
PARAMETERS
SETCOUNTER
TO2
GETBYTE
FROMTABLE
CALL
WRITED
INC.TABLE
POINTER
DECREMENT
COUNTER
GETCOMM.
FROMTABLE
CALL
WRITEC
CNT=
0?
YES NO
DISPLAY
BITMAP
START:
INITIALIZE
T6963C
END
MAINPROGRAMLOOP
STATUS:
STATUSCHECK
SETC/DTO1
READBYTE
RDHIGH
RDLOW
STATUS
OK?
YES
NO
RETURN
GETBYTE
FROMTABLE
END
BYTE?
YES
NO
CALL
WRITED
INC.TABLE
POINTER RETURN
MSGD:
SENDABLOCKOFDATA
TOTHEDISPLAY
STATUS
OK? STATUS
OK?
YES
NO YES NO
WRITEC: WRITED:
WRITEA
COMMANDBYTE WRITEA DATABYTE
RETURN
DATATOP1
WRHIGH
WRLOW
SETC/DTO1 SETC/DTO0

ApplicationNote
Page4
Initializationbytes:
COMMAND CODE PARAMETERS* FUNCTION
TEXTHOMEADDRESS 40h 80h,07h STARTOFTHETEXTSTORAGEAREAINDISPLAYRAM
0780h
1eh,00h
1eh,00h
14h,00h
14h,00h
10h,00h
10h,00h
LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=30=1ehFORAN
8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(28hFORFS=1)
LINELENGTHINPIXELS=30=1eh
LINELENGTHINPIXELS=20=14h
LINELENGTHINPIXELS=16=10h
Displayedimage:
Initialization:
BeforetheLCDcontrollercanacceptordisplaydataortextitmustbeinitialized.Thisisusually
doneimmediatelyafterthesystemispoweredup.Thefollowingchartliststheinitialization
commandsandtheparametersthataccompanythemalongwithabriefexplanationofthefunction
ofeach.Whereaparameterisdifferentforadisplaythatdiffersinresolutionfromthe240x64
example,thealternatevaluesarealsolisted.
TEXTAREA
GRAPHICAREA
41h
43h
*ADDRESSESAREFORMATTEDAS[LSB,MSB]
240
240
160
128
8
8
8
8
(240x128,240x64)
(240x128,240x64)
LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=20=14hFORAN
8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(1ahFORFS=1)
LINELENGTHINCHARACTERS=16=10hFORAN
8BITCHARACTERCELL(FS=0).(15hFORFS=1)
(160x128)
(160x128)
(128x128)
(128x128)
160
128
8
8
GRAPHICHOMEADDRESS 42h 00h,00h
00h,00h
STARTOFTHEGRAPHICSSTORAGEAREAINDISPLAY
RAM0000h
MODESET 81h "EXOR"TEXTMODE
ADDRESSPOINTERSET 24h LOCATIONOFNEXTDATAWRITE(ORREAD)
INTHISCASETHEBEGINNINGOFTHEGRAPHICSAREA
DISPLAYMODESET 98h TEXTOFF,GRAPHICSON

ApplicationNote
Page5
$mod51
;**************************************************
;**
;*T6963ApplicationNoteV1.0*
;**
;**************************************************
;Theprocessorclockspeedis16MHz.
;Cycletimeis.750mS.
;Demosoftwaretodisplayabit-mapped
;graphicona240x64graphicsdisplay
;withaT6963CLCDcontroller.
org000h
ljmpstart;programstart
org100h
start:
;InitializetheT6963C
clrp3.3;hardwarereset
nop
nop
setbp3.3
movdptr,#msgi1;initializationbytes
lcallmsgc
;Startofregularprogram
;Displaygraphic
movdptr,#msgi2;setautomode
lcallmsgc
movdptr,#msg1;displaygraphic
lcallmsgd
sjmp$
;*************************************************
;SUBROUTINES
;MSGCsendsthedatapointedtoby
;theDPTRtothegraphicsmodule
;asaseriesofcommandswith
;twoparameterseach.
msgc: movr0,#2;#ofdatabytes
msgc2: clra
movca,@a+dptr;getbyte
cjnea,#0a1h,msgc3;done?
ret
msgc3:movr1,a
lcallwrited;sendit
Software: incdptr
djnzr0,msgc2
clra
movca,@a+dptr;getcommand
movr1,a
lcallwritec;sendcommand
sjmpmsgc;nextcommand
;MSGDsendsthedatapointedtoby
;theDPTRtothegraphicsmodule.
msgd: clra
movca,@a+dptr;getbyte
cjnea,#0a1h,msgd1;done?
ret
msgd1: movr1,a
lcallwrited;senddata
incdptr
sjmpmsgd
;WRITECsendsthebyteinR1toa
;graphicsmoduleasacommand.
writec: lcallstatus;displayready?
setbp3.2;c/d=1
writec1:
movp1,r1;getdata
clrp3.0;strobeit
setbp3.0
ret
;WRITEDsendsthebyteinR1tothe
;graphicsmoduleasdata.
writed: lcallstatus;displayready?
clrp3.0;c/d=0
sjmpwritec1
;STATUSchecktoseethatthegraphic
;displayisready.Itwon'treturn
;untilitis.
status: setbp3.2;c/d=1
movp1,#0ffh;P1toinput
movr3,#0bh;statusbitsmask
stat1: clrp3.1;readit
mova,p1
setbp3.1
anla,r3;statusOK?
clrc
subba,r3
jnzstat1
ret

ApplicationNote
Page6
;************************************************
;TABLESANDDATA
;Initializationbytesfor240x64
msgi1: db80h,07h,40h;texthomeaddress
db1eh,00,41h;textarea
db00,00,42h;graphichomeaddress
db1eh,00,43h;graphicarea
db00,00,81h;modeset
db00,00,24h;addresspointerset
db00,00,98h;displaymodeset
db0a1h
msgi2: db00,00,0b0h;automode
db0a1h
;240x64Bitmapgraphicdata
;Onlythefirst8bytesareshownhere
;Therealgraphicconsistsof1920bytes
;ofbinarydata.
msg1: db00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h
db0a1h
end